解語篇語法填空

解語篇語法填空，要從“詞、句、篇”三個(gè)層面去思考。（1）詞匯層面方法1：做主語或賓語的名詞或“形容詞+名詞”前無形容詞性物主代詞、不定代詞等限定詞時(shí)，根據(jù)上下文填冠詞。【例1】Theheadofthevillagewastyinguphishorsetomycartopullitto______smalltownsome20kilometersawaywheretherewasagarage.【解析】a

第一次提到的可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)前用不定冠詞，表示“一個(gè)”。【例3】Butshequicklyrealizedthatitwasn’ther,itwasprobablythefactthatshesatin______lastrow.【解析】the

特指最后一排，在序數(shù)詞/最高級(jí)前，用定冠詞。方法2：句子缺主語或賓語，空格后沒有提示詞，填詞多為代詞。【例4】Janewaswalkingroundthedepartmentstore.Sherememberedhowdifficult______wastochooseasuitableChristmaspresentforherfather.【解析】it

作賓語從句主語，替代動(dòng)詞不定式短語tochoose……。【例5】Shedidnothesitateforlong:althoughherfathersmokedapipeonlyonceinawhile,sheknewthatthiswasapresentwhichwasboundtoplease______.【解析】himpleasehim(使他高興)，填代詞；根據(jù)句意，此處指代herfather。【例6】Heaskedhisteacher,“Sir,thewaterwasawful.Whydidyoupretendtolike______?”【解析】it

指前面提到的“水(thewater)”。方法3：空格前已有主語，括號(hào)內(nèi)是動(dòng)詞提示，空格需填謂語動(dòng)詞。【例7】He______(pretend)thatatigertoywasrealandgivingitavoice.【解析】waspretending

由“andgiving”可確定，用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，構(gòu)成并列謂語。【例8】Wheremencontrolthehousehold,lessmoney______(spend)onhealthcareandfood,whichresultsinpoorerhealthforchildren.【解析】isspentmoney與spend之間存在被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用被動(dòng)語態(tài)，從句時(shí)態(tài)提示應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。【例9】Oneday,Nickinvitedhisfriendstosupper.Hewascookingsomedeliciousfoodinthekitchen.Suddenly,he______(find)thathehasrunoutofsalt.【解析】found

主格代詞he后應(yīng)為謂語動(dòng)詞，由語境由Oneday和“invited”可知，用一般過去時(shí)。方法4：句中已有謂語動(dòng)詞且又無并列連詞與括號(hào)內(nèi)提示的動(dòng)詞并列，說明空格需填非謂語動(dòng)詞形式。【例10】Shewishedthathewasaseasy______(please)ashermother,whowasalwaysdelightedwithperfume．【解析】toplease“be+形容詞+todo”,

無需考慮其它的非謂語形式。此句式中常用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)含義。【例11】Filmhasamuchshorterhistory，especiallywhen______(compare)tosuchartformsasmusicandplanting.【解析】compared

本句是whenitiscomparedto…的省略。compare與邏輯主語film是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用過去分詞作狀語。【例12】Buteveryoneaddedalittle,always______(think)thatitwasonlysmallandnotveryimportant,andlookwherewehaveendeduptoday.”【解析】thinking

因everyone與think是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞短語作added的伴隨狀語。【例10】Shewishedthathewasaseasy______(please)ashermother,whowasalwaysdelightedwithperfume．【解析】toplease“be+形容詞+todo”,

無需考慮其它的非謂語形式。此句式中常用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)含義。【例11】Filmhasamuchshorterhistory，especiallywhen______(compare)tosuchartformsasmusicandplanting.【解析】compared

本句是whenitiscomparedto…的省略。compare與邏輯主語film是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用過去分詞作狀語。【例12】Buteveryoneaddedalittle,always______(think)thatitwasonlysmallandnotveryimportant,andlookwherewehaveendeduptoday.”【解析】thinking

因everyone與think是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞短語作added的伴隨狀語。方法5：當(dāng)括號(hào)內(nèi)所提示的詞是形容詞或副詞且空格處需要的仍是形容詞或副詞時(shí)，很可能填比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)。【例13】Theteacherreplied,“Youtastedthewater.Itastedthegift.Thewaterwassimplythecontainerforanactofkindnessandlove.Nothingcouldbe______(sweet).”【解析】sweeter

句意是“什么也不會(huì)比這更甜”=這是世界上最甜的東西。【例14】IleftitearlybecauseIhadanappointment______(late)thatday.【解析】later

指那天晚些時(shí)候。【例15】Itmighthavemadeitalittle______(hard)foreverybodybecauseitmeanttheyhadtoturnaround,butthatdidn’tstopthekidsintheclass.【解析】harder

句中alittle修飾比較級(jí)harder，表示“更難一點(diǎn)”作賓補(bǔ)。方法6：當(dāng)“……（+限定詞）+名詞”或“……+代詞/doing/從句”在句中不做主語或賓語時(shí)，通常填介詞。【例16】Whenthetimecameformetosaygoodbyetomyfriendsinthevillage,Iwantedtorewardtheoldwoman______thetrouble.【解析】forrewardsb.forsth.

表示“因……而酬謝/報(bào)答某人”。【例17】Hedidsothenextday.Hewasverytired______doingthisforawholeday.【解析】after/fromA.用介詞after表示“在……之后”；B.betiredfromdoingsth.為“因做某事而累”。【例18】WhenJanegothome,withhersmallbutwell-chosenpresentinherbag,herparentswerealready______tablehavingsupper.【解析】atattable表示“在進(jìn)餐”，是習(xí)慣搭配。（2）句子層面

方法1：連接兩個(gè)功能對(duì)等的單詞、短語或句子時(shí)，應(yīng)填并列連詞and，or，but，while,when等。

【例19】

Hewasverytiredfromdoingthisforawholeday,______hefeltveryhappysincethecropdid“grow”higher.【解析】but

句中veryhappy與verytired是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，兩句間是逗號(hào)且沒有連詞，故填連詞but。【例20】SoNickcalledtohisson,“Gotothevillageandbuysomesalt,butpayafairpriceforit:neithertoomuch______toolittle.”【解析】nor

并列連詞“neither…nor…”表示“既不…也不…”。【例21】Inthedayswhenanicecreamcostmuchless,Tom,an8-year-oldboy,enteredahotelcoffeeshop______satatatable.【解析】and

句中enteredahotelcoffeeshop和satatatable是主語發(fā)出的兩個(gè)并列的動(dòng)作。方法2：若判斷連詞所引導(dǎo)的從句起名詞的作用（做主語/賓語/表語/同位語），則為名詞性從句，根據(jù)引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連接詞在從句成分和意義確定連詞。【例22】Cursingmymisfortune,IwaswonderingwhereIwasgoingtospendthenightwhenIrealizedThatthevillagerswhohadgatheredaroundmewerearguingasto______shouldhavethehonorofreceivingmeasaguestintheirhouse.【解析】who

引導(dǎo)賓語從句且在從句中做主語，指人。【例23】

Oneday,hecameupwithanidea______hewouldpluckupallofhiscropafewinches.【解析】that

引導(dǎo)同位語從句，說明idea的具體內(nèi)容，從句意義完整且不缺句子成分。【例24】Thenewboylookedattheteacherforafewsecondsandalltheotherstudentswondered______theboywoulddo.

【解析】what

引導(dǎo)賓語從句并在從句中作do的賓語。方法3：若判斷連詞所引導(dǎo)的從句起形容詞的作用（做定語），則為定語從句，根據(jù)引導(dǎo)定語從句的先行詞和關(guān)系詞在從句中的成分確定關(guān)系代詞或者關(guān)系副詞。關(guān)系代詞在從句做主語和賓語，做狀語用關(guān)系副詞（可轉(zhuǎn)換為介詞+關(guān)系代詞）。【例25】Janepausedinfrontofacounter______someattractivetieswereondisplay.【解析】where

句子+句子，中間必填連接詞；后句修飾前句，關(guān)系副詞where在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語。【例26】

Hefilledhisleathercontainersothathecouldbringsomebacktoanelder______hadbeenhisteacher.【解析】who/that

代替anelder，引導(dǎo)定語從句并在從句中做主語。【例27】Behindhimwereotherpeopleto______hewastryingtotalk,butaftersomeminutestheywalkedawayandsatnearme,lookingannoyed.【解析】whom

還原talktosb.可知，用whom引導(dǎo)定語從句。方法4：若判斷連詞所引導(dǎo)的從句起副詞的作用（做狀語），則為狀語從句，再根據(jù)兩句之間的意義和邏輯關(guān)系或者從屬連詞在從句中的作用和意義，來確定合適的連詞。【例28】Weunderstandthislessonbest______wereceivegiftsoflovefromchildren.【解析】when

引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，表示“當(dāng)……時(shí)”。【例29】Myfriendswalkedmetothebusstopa