ThePassiveVoice選必四Unit1

被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)寫(xiě)出下列動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式與過(guò)去分詞1.build2.speak3.eat4.break5.give6.grow7.write8.think9.love10.waterbuiltbuilt

spoke

spoken

ateeaten

broke

brokengavegivengrewgrownwrotewritten

thought

thoughtlovedlovedwateredwateredLeadin熟背課本P117-118《不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞表》TheGreatWallisvisited

bymanypeopleeveryyear.Manypeoplevisit

theGreatWalleveryyear.主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)

Pepoleoftenplayfootbalallovertheworld.Footballisoftenplayedbypepoleallovertheworld.主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有兩種語(yǔ)態(tài)：

主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)

(theActiveVoice)

被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)(thePassiveVoice)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的相關(guān)概念1.語(yǔ)態(tài)是動(dòng)詞的一種形式，表示主語(yǔ)和動(dòng)詞之間的關(guān)系。2.英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有兩種語(yǔ)態(tài)：主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。

主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)動(dòng)詞的主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，而被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)動(dòng)詞的主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者。

指出句中的執(zhí)行者和承受者。Sometreesareplantedbyuseveryyear.3.被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)是動(dòng)詞的一種特殊形式，一般說(shuō)來(lái)，只有需要?jiǎng)幼鲗?duì)象的及物動(dòng)詞才有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。承受者執(zhí)行者We

plant

thesetrees.Thesetrees

areplantedbyus.主動(dòng)句與被動(dòng)句的轉(zhuǎn)換主語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)把下列主動(dòng)句轉(zhuǎn)換成被動(dòng)句Weplantsometreeseveryyear.Sometreesareplantedbyuseveryyear.

ManypeoplespeakEnglish.

Englishisspokenbymanypeople.Everyonelikesthestory.Thestory

islikedbyeveryone.Presentation被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)構(gòu)成助動(dòng)詞be+及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞

be

+

vt.p.p.Conclusion一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：am/is/are+vt.P.P.現(xiàn)以及物動(dòng)詞tell為例，列表如下：時(shí)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成一般式一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)be(am，is，are)told一般過(guò)去時(shí)be(was，were)told一般將來(lái)時(shí)shall/willbetold過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)should/wouldbetold進(jìn)行式現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)be(am，is，are)beingtold過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)be(was，were)beingtold完成式現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)have/hasbeentold過(guò)去完成時(shí)hadbeentold肯定句：否定句：一般疑問(wèn)句：

回答：特殊疑問(wèn)句：Childrenlovethesesongs.Thesesongs

arelovedbychildren.Thesesongsarenotlovedbychildren.Arethesesongslovedbychildren.Yes,theyare./No,theyaren’t.What

arelovedbychildren?特殊疑問(wèn)詞+be+過(guò)去分詞+(by…)?主語(yǔ)+benot+過(guò)去分詞+(by…)Be+主語(yǔ)+過(guò)去分詞+(by…)?句型：主語(yǔ)+be+過(guò)去分詞+(by…)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)肯定句：

主語(yǔ)+am/is/are+done+by+動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。否定句：主語(yǔ)+am/is/are+not+done+by+動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。一般疑問(wèn)句：

Am/Is/Are+主語(yǔ)+done+by+動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者?特殊疑問(wèn)句：

特殊疑問(wèn)詞+am/is/are+主語(yǔ)+done+by+動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者?

MyfavouritefunnystoryinTheAdventuresofTomSawyeriswhenTom(1)_________(tell)byhisaunttopaintthegatewhite.Theworkisapunishmentbecausehemissedschooloneday.Ofcourse,hedoesnotwanttodoanywork.Atfirst,Tom(2)_________(watch)byhisfriendsand(3)__________(laughat),sohefeelsquitebad.iswatchedlaughedatistold2Butsoonheturnsthesituationround,andhe(4)__________(help)byhisfriendsinstead.Tomsaysthatheenjoyspaintingthegatewhite,andhisfriendswanttotry.Heaskseachfriendtogivehimsomethingvaluable,andinreturnthey(5)__________(allow)todosomeofTom’swork!ishelpedareallowedTom:Why(1)_____popularbooks_____(make)intofilms?Jack:Oh,becausethestories(2)_____already_______(know)bylotsofpeople,sothefilmswillbecomepopularaswell.Tom:Butwhy(3)_____thestoriessometimes________(change)infilms?3aremadearearechangedknownJack:Becausefilmsandbooksaredifferent.Somepeopleinthebookarenotincludedinthefilm,butothersaremoreimportantthantheyareinthebook.Tom:Butthatdoesn’thappeninhistoricalfilms?Jack:Yes,itdoes.Sometimeseventhefactsabouthistory(4)__________(change).Tom:Butwhy(5)_____facts_________(rewrite)?Jack:Becausefilmsdon’talwaystrytoteachhistory,buttotellagoodstory!arechangedarerewritten1．Whatlittlemoneyhedidhave________(spend)onarecordselectedwithextremecarewhichbecame,tohiswayofthinking,apossessionclosetohisheart.2．Somemodernteachingequipmentaswellashundredsofcomputers________(send)totenHopeSchoolsinSouthChina.3．WhenI________(choose)totakepartinthesport,IfeltverysurprisedbecauseIhadneverdonethisbefore.4．Intheearlyyearsofthe1980s,asthereformandopening-uppolicy________(carry)out,ourdreamcametrue.5．Thesellers'shoutscould________(hear)everynowandthen.6．Forthousandsofyears,thefestival________(mark)byeatingzongziandracingdragonboatsinhonourofQuYuan.7．I'msosorry,butsometimesthebuscan________(delay)bysomeproblems.8．Nowcollegegraduates________(encourage)tostarttheirownbusiness,whichsoundsreallygoodforus.9．Sothequestionsmust________(deal)withcarefully,thesamewayyouwouldhandleanyotherhotpotato.10．HegoestoaBuddhistmonkforadviceandexpectsto________(tell)howtoliveamoresimplelife.1．wasspent句意：他所擁有的一點(diǎn)錢(qián)都花在了一張精心挑選的唱片上，在他看來(lái)，這張唱片成了他心中的珍品。What引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句，是主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞spend的動(dòng)作承受者，且動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去，應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。2．wassent

aswellas連接兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式和前面的主語(yǔ)一致。equipment是不可數(shù)名詞，且動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去，equipment和send之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。3．waschosen句意：當(dāng)我被選中參加這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)的時(shí)候，我感覺(jué)很驚訝，因?yàn)槲乙郧皬臎](méi)有做過(guò)此事。I和choose之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，從Ifeltverysurprised可知為過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，所以用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。4．wascarried根據(jù)Intheearlyyearsofthe1980s可知要用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，而且此處表示被動(dòng)意義，所以用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。5．beheard

shouts為hear的動(dòng)作承受者，此處為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。6．hasbeenmarked由時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)Forthousandsofyears可知，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，表示端午節(jié)一直以來(lái)都以吃粽子和賽龍舟的方式進(jìn)行慶祝，從空后的by可知，此處為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，故應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。7．bedelayed

thebus和delay之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。8．a(chǎn)rebeingencouraged句意：現(xiàn)在大學(xué)畢業(yè)生正在被鼓勵(lì)自主創(chuàng)業(yè)，對(duì)我們來(lái)說(shuō)這聽(tīng)起來(lái)不錯(cuò)。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)now可知是正在進(jìn)行時(shí)，“學(xué)生”與“鼓勵(lì)”之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。9．bedealt主語(yǔ)questions和動(dòng)詞詞組dealwith之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。10．betold句意：此人到廟里拜見(jiàn)高僧尋求指點(diǎn)，期望被告知如何過(guò)更簡(jiǎn)樸的生活。expecttodosth.意為“期望做某事”，因?yàn)閔e和tell之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故要用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。自主訓(xùn)練

在空白處填入括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式1．“Thisreallyexcitesscientists，”CarlePieters,ascientistatBrownUniversity,says,“becauseitmeanswehavethechancetoobtaininformationabouthowthemoon________(construct)．”(2020·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)2．Theartistwassurehewould________(choose),butwhenhepresentedhismasterpiecetotheemperor'schiefminister,theoldmanlaughed.(2020·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)3．Arescueworkerriskedhislifesavingtwotouristswho________(trap)inthemountainsfortwodays.(2018·北京卷)答案：1.isconstructed2.bechosen3.hadbeentrapped4．DuringavisittoBostonin1733,Franklin________(impress)withthecity'sfirepreventionmethods.5．Atuniversity,youwill________(teach)bylecturersandprofessorswhoareleadingfiguresintheirstudy.6．Sometimeschopsticksarequiteartistic.Trulyelegantchopsticksmight________(make)ofgoldandsilverwithChinesecharacters.(2016·全國(guó)卷Ⅲ)7．Shuaijiao________(consider)bysomeexpertsastheoriginofmodernthrowingsportssuchasjudo.答案：4.wasimpressed5.betaught6.bemade7.isconsidered8．Whenthetimecametomakethefinaldecisionforacourse，Idecidedtoapplyfortheonethat________(reflect)myinterest.(2016·浙江卷)9．Moreefforts,asreported,________(make)intheyearsaheadtoacceleratethesupply-sidestructuralreform.(2016·江蘇卷)10．Twoyearsago,whileCathy________(watch)theOlympics,adreamcameintohersweetlittlehead—tobeaswimmer.(2016·天津卷)答案：8．reflected9.willbemade10.waswatching語(yǔ)法填空InrecentyearsmanyTVshowshavebecomeextremelypopularamongChineseaudience.Thoseprograms,rangingfromtalentordatingshowstorealityshows,1.________(receive)bothcommercialsuccessandpublicattention.Theirpopularityis2.________(main)basedonsimplefacts.First,theycare3.________socialconcerns.Second,withoutexception,theyexploreaperfectbalancebetweentheinternationalformsandChineseexpressions.Despiteapparenthighlights,muchroom4.________(leave)forimprovement.Aboveall,commercialinterestsoftenoutweigh5.________(education)purposes,causingmanycomplaintsabouttheunbearableadvertisements.Inaddition,somesharpremarks,6.________theyareeye-catching,mayhavemisleadingeffectsontheyouth.In7.________(I)opinion,suchshowsshouldshouldermoreresponsibilityinsteadofmerely8.________(entertain)thepublic.9.________isexpected,theseprogramsshouldbepositiveintheirformsaswellasfunctions.Meanwhile,the10.__