Grammar

pastparticiplesvs-ingformExamples

ofpastpartiplesvsthe-ingform

fromP38&P44Beforestartingout,theyspentacoupleofdaysinVancouver,_______(see)thesights.Thenextdaywasclearandmild,andtheywerepleasedtoseethebeautifulmountains________(look)outoverthecity._______(see)fromthetrainwindow,themountainsandforestsofCanadalookedmassive.seeinglookingSeenTheywenttroughtwowheat-growingprovinces,______theysawabunchoffarmsthatcoveredaverylargearea.Thebushesandmapletreesoutsidetheirwindowswerered,gold,andorange,andtherewasfrostontheground,________(confirm)thatautumnhadarrivedinCanada.whereconfirmingInadditionto_______(see)spectacularmountainpeaksandforests,onehighlightoftheirtripwasbeingabletoseemanydifferentcreatures,_______(include)deer,mountaingoats,andevenagrizzlybearandaneagle.Itwasnotuntil9:30a.m______theyfinallyreachedthecapitalofOntario,Toronto.seeingincludingthat________(stand)inthedistance,theywereastonishedto________(see)mistycloudsrisingfromthegreatNiagaraFalls,________isonthesouthsideofthelake.Thegirlssawhundredsofskyscrapersofglassandsteel,andold-fashionedcars_______(roll)by.StandingseewhichrollingForbothofthem,thethoughtof______(cross)thewholecountrybyrailwas_______(excite).Later,theyvisitanislandthathadwonderfulshops______(sell)craftsandantiques.However,theydidnotanticipate______(see)suchanopencountry,andweretruly______(amze).crossingexcitedsellingseeingamazedThenextmorning,thetwogirlsaroseearlytotaketheraintoLakeLouise,________(pass)throughtheCanadianRockies.______(look)atthebeautifulscenery,theybothagreedthatitwasthemostawesomejourneytheyhadevertaken.ThecounsinschattedwithLinFei,____hadmovedtoCanadamanyyearsearlier.passingLookingwhov-ing形式和過去分詞作賓補

動詞-ing形式作賓語補足語時，表示正在進行的動作或經常存在的狀態。動詞-ing形式常作以下動詞的賓語補足語。動詞-ing形式作賓語補足語1．表示感覺和心理狀態的感官動詞(短語)(常見的有see，hear，feel，smell，find，notice，observe，lookat，listento等)＋sb.＋doingsth.(作賓補)eg:Isawthelittleboycryingthere.2．表示指使意義的使役動詞(常見的有have，let，keep，get，leave等)＋sb./sth.＋doingsth.(作賓補)eg:Iwon’thaveyourunningaboutintheroom.動詞-ed形式作賓語補足語1．過去分詞用在表狀態的動詞keep，leave等詞的后面作賓語補足語。eg:Hegotuplateandhurriedtohisoffice，leavingthebreakfastuntouched.2．過去分詞用在使役動詞have/get和make的后面作賓語補足語。eg:TheteachertriedtomakeherselfunderstoodbyusingverysimpleEnglish.Johnhadhiscarfixedyesteredayafternoon.Lucygotherhaircutlastnight.3．感官動詞see，hear，notice，observe，watch，feel，find等后，可用過去分詞作賓語補足語。eg:Whenwesawtheroadblockedwithsnow，wedecidedtospendtheholidayathome.Thenextmorningpeoplefoundtheworldoutsidetheirhousescompletelychanged.v-ing形式和過去分詞作定語

現在分詞表示進行，主動；過去分詞表示已完成，被動。eg:falling

leaves

正在落下的葉子(表正在進行)

fallen

leaves

落葉(表完成)boilingwater

正在沸騰的水

boiledwater

開水

developingcountries

發展中國家

developedcountries

發達國家Themobilephonelyingonthedeskbelongstome.=Themobilephonewhichislyingonthedeskbelongstome.（themobilephone和lie為主動關系，故用現在分詞）Themobilephoneplacedonthedeskbelongstome.=Themobilephonewhichisplacedonthedeskbelongstome.（themobilephone和place為被動關系，故用過去分詞）V-ing與過去分詞作狀語的區別V-ing表主動，正在進行關系；

過去分詞表被動，已經完成關系。eg:_________hisclassmates,heenteredtheclassrom.__________byhisclassmates,heenteredtheclassrom.FollowingFollowed_______fromthehill,the

city

lookslike

a

big

garden.如果句子的主語和分詞是主動關系,用_______，句子的主語和分詞是被動關系，用_________。現在分詞過去分詞_______fromthehill,youwillfindthe

city

looks

like

a

big

garden.

SeenSeeingExcercises1.________(give)moretime,wecandotheworkbetter.2.________(give)usmoretime,youcangetabetterresult.3.________(compare)himwithyou,Ithinkyouarelucky.4._______(compare)withhim,youarelucky.GivenGivingComparingCompared5._______(find)themanstealingmywallet,Icalledthepolice.6.Once_______(find)smokingintheoffice,youwillbefined.7.Theprofessorcameintotheclassroom,_______(follow)hisstudents.8.Theprofessorcameintotheclassroom,_______(follow)byhisstudents.9.Thestudent________(speak)totheteachernowisourmonitor.Findingfoundfollowingfollowedspeaking10.Theproblem_________(discuss)yesterdayisofgreatimportance.11.Themachine________(repair)yesterdayisbrokenagain.12.Theguests__________(invite)tothemeetingwereallspecialists.13.Helivesinthehouse_________(face)thenorth.discussedrepairedinvitedfacing14.Pleasespeakloudlytomakeyourself_________(hear)clearly.15.Don’tkee