Unit3Scienceversusnature基礎落實Ⅰ.高頻單詞思憶1.agencyn.

→

n.代理商2.practicen.

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adj.實用的→

adv.3.seekvt.

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(過去式)→

(過去分詞)4.succeedvi.

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n.→

adj.→

adv.代理；服務機構agent行為；練習practicalpractically尋找；尋求soughtsought成功fessionn.

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n.教授→

adj.職業的；專業的6.benefitn.

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adj.7.performvt.

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n.→

n.表演者職業；專業professorprofessional利益beneficial表演performanceperformerⅡ.重點短語再現1.超越了我們的想象2.一項科學突破3.對……一點不尊重4.一個41歲的女銷售員5.一個領養的孩子6.處理這些后果7.最終取代我們beyondourimaginationascientificbreakthroughshownorespectfora41yearoldsaleswomananadoptedchilddealwiththeconsequencesendupreplacingus8.死于心臟病9.違反/不利于自然10.對……有抵抗力11.過度開發地球資源12.滿足某人的需要13.總之dieofheartfailuregoagainstnatureberesistanttoendlesslyoverdevelopEarth’sresourcesmeet/satisfyone’sneedstoconclude/tosumup/inawordⅢ.典型句式運用1.并非對自然有益的一切事情對人類都是好的。

thatisbestfornatureisgoodforpeople.2.在多數情況下，其結果是，人類在破壞環境之際沒有真正受益。Mostofthetime

humansarenotreallyprofitingwhentheydamagetheenvironment.Noteverythingitturnsoutthat3.科學家最近宣布，他們已經成功克隆出第一個人類胚胎，這在全球范圍內引起了爭論……Arecentannouncementbyscientiststheyhavesuccessfullyclonedthefirsthumanembryohascausedmuchdebate...4.在中國，科學家們已經致力于克隆動物，以及將在醫學領域中被使用的干細胞。InChina,scientistshavefocusedtheireffortsoncloninganimals,stemcellstobeusedinmedicalresearch.thataswellasⅣ.綜合語篇填空1.Cloningisproducingan

copyofaplantorananimalusingitscells.2.However,

generalthescientistswerepraisedfortheirwonderfulscientificbreakthrough.3.Ifweinterfere

nature,wewillhavetodealwiththeconsequences.exactinwith4.Ifeelsorry

theladywhocannothaveababy,butIwouldliketopoint

thattherearemanychildrenintheworldnoparents,

wouldbedelightedtohaveamother.5.Oftentheydonotrealizethatthechoicesthey

arebadfortheenvironment.foroutwithwhomake導練互動重點單詞1.praisen.&vt.表揚；贊揚

挑戰自我(1)由于這個學生的進步老師表揚了他。Theteacher

hisprogress.(2)老師的表揚極大地鼓舞了我們。

hasgreatlyencouragedus.(3)贊揚他們成就的話很多。Muchwassaid

theirachievements.praisedthestudentforTheteacher’spraiseinpraiseof幫你歸納praisesb.forsth.因……而贊揚……反義詞組:blamesb.forsth.;criticizesb.forsth.singhighpraisefor高度贊揚同義詞組:thinkwell/highlyof;speakhighlyof反義詞組:thinklittle/nothingof;speakbadlyofinpraiseof贊揚結構相同的短語有:incelebration/need/want/memory/honorofbeyondallpraises贊不絕口deserve/beworthyofpraise值得稱贊即學學活活練練(4)TheDepartmentofEducationforhishavingcompleted40yearsofteaching.A.receivedhighpraiseB.waspraisedC.praisedhimD.praisedforhimC2.interferevi.干干

挑戰自我(1)別干涉別人的事。Don’t

otherpeople’saffairs.(2)你曾經因為玩樂而妨礙了你的職責嗎？Didyoueverallowpleasureto

yourduty?interfereininterferewith幫你你歸歸納納interferewithsb./sth.干干擾interfereinsth.干涉、干預、介入某事interferencen.Noneinterferenceintheinternalaffairsofothercountries.不干涉他國內政。即學活練(3)在他工工作的時候不不要打擾他。。(4)不要干干預與你無關關的事。Don’tinterferewith/botherhimwhenhe’satwork.Don’tinterfereinaffairsthatdonotconcernyou.3.benefitvt.有利于；受受益，得到好好處;n.利益，好處挑戰自我(1)這是一一項花費很大大的投資，但但從長遠來看看，它對公司有好處處。It’’sanexpensiveinvestmentbutitwillinthelongrun.(2)成千千上萬萬的人人受益益于新新的治治療。。Thousandsofpeoplethenewtreatment.(3)新信信用卡卡將會會為我我們的的客戶戶帶來來很多多好處處。Thenewcreditcardwillbeourcustomers.benefitthecompanyhavebenefitedfromofgreatbenefitto幫你歸歸納benefitsb.有益益于某某人benefitfromsb./sth.從………獲獲益benefitbydoing...通過過………獲益益forthebenefitof...為了了………的利利益beofbenefitto對對………有益益beneficialadj.有有益的的bebeneficialto=beofbenefitto對………有有益bebeneficialtodosth.做做………有益益即學活活練(4)新建建的鐵鐵路使使附近近的村村民受受益許許多。。(5)為了了學生生的身身心健健康，，我們們學校校周圍圍兩公公里以以內的所有有網吧吧將全全部關關閉。。Thenewlybuiltrailwaywillgreatlybenefitthevillagersnearby.Forthebenefitofthebodyandmindhealthofthestudents,alltheInternetcafééentionn.意圖圖；目目的；；企圖圖挑戰自自我(1)他到到巴黎黎是為為了學學法語語。HewenttoParisFrench.(2)我無無意去去參加加婚禮禮。Ihavegoingtothewedding.(3)這這個課程程是為中中等水平平的學生生開設的的。Thecourseintermediatestudents.(4)他他的父母母想讓他他去國外外學習。。Hisparentsstudyabroad.withtheintentionoflearning/tolearnnointentionofisintendedforintendedhimto幫你歸納納intendv.打算，，意欲，，想要intendtodosth.打算算做某事事intendsb.todosth.打算算讓某人人做某事事beintendedfor為為……準準備/安安排/設設計withtheintentionof為為了………目的或或意圖havenointentionofdoing/todosth.無意做做某事即學活練練(5)Shetocatchtheearlytrain,butshedidn’tgetupintime.A.intendedB.wasintendedC.hadintendedD.wasintendingC5.limitv.&n.限制，，限定挑戰自我我(1)每每戶限發發四張免免費票。。Familiesfourfreeticketseach.(2)錢錢的數量量要在我我能承受受的范圍圍內。ThereistheamountofmoneyIcanafford.(3)我我在這個個學科方方面的知知識有限限。Myknowledgeonthesubjectis.arelimitedtoalimittolimited幫你歸納納limit...to...把………限制在在……time/speedlimit時間/速度限限制limitedadj.有限的的belimitedtodoingsth.只只限于做做……即學活練練——用limit的適適當形式式填空(4)Waterisinthisarea,sothereisatousingwater,nowthemainworktobedoneistofindingmorewaterforlocalpeople.limitedlimitlimited6.involvev.涉及；；牽連；；包含挑戰自我我(1)別別把我卷卷入你們們的爭吵吵。Don’’tinyourquarrel.(2)別別卷入這這樣的事事情中去去。Don’’tgetyourselfsuchmatters.(3)要要贏得比比賽，既既要有技技巧也要要有運氣氣。Winningthegamebothskillandfortune.involvemeinvolvedininvolves幫你歸納納involvesb.insth.使使某人牽牽扯進來來，使某某人陷入入be/getinvolvedin使使牽扯進進來，使使陷入，，卷入，，與……有有密切聯聯系beinvolvedindoingsth.專心致致志做某某事即學活練練——用involve的適當當形式填填空(4)Nurseisajobgreatpatience.(5)You’’dbetternotgetyourselfinthedispute.(6)IinthequarrelbetweenTomandJack.involvinginvolvedwasinvolved7.urgen.&vt.催促；；敦促挑戰自我我(1)老老師催促促我們交交家庭作作業。Theteacherourhomework.(2)他他力勸我我去日本本。HeurgedthatItoJapan.(3)他他們極想想與人交交流。Theyhavetocommunicate.urgedustohandinshouldgoastrongurge幫你歸納urgesb.todosth.催促某某人做某事事urge+that-clause(從句用虛虛擬語氣,should可以以省略)強烈要要求某人做做某事have/feelanurge/nourgetotravel渴望望去旅行/不想去旅旅行urgeahorseon/onward策馬馬而馳即學活練(4)Theyurgedthatthelibraryopenduringthevacation.A.mustbekeptB.iskeptC.wouldbekeptD.bekeptD8.seekv.尋求;尋找;追求挑戰自我我(1)他他說他沒沒有尋找找到幸福福。Hesaidhehishappiness.(2)試試圖說服服他戒煙煙是沒用用的。Itisnousepersuadehimtogiveupsmoking.hadn’tsoughtseekingto幫你歸納納seekadvice/happiness/wealth/help/friendship尋求建議議/幸福福/財富富/幫助助/友誼誼seektodosth.=trytodosth.試圖做某事事seekafter/for尋找找；追求即學活練(3)Thougheverywhere,thespecialmaterialforthemedicinefailedtobefound.A.soughtB.havingsoughtC.beingsoughtD.seekingA重點短語與句句型9.ontheonehand...,ontheotherhand一方面……,另一方面挑戰自我(1)一方面面我想賣掉房房子，但另一一方面我一想想起搬家就不能忍受受。Ontheonehand,Iwanttosellthehouse,but.ontheotherhand,Icannotbearthethoughtofmoving(2)一方面面經濟的快速速發展將改善善人民的生活活條件，但另一方面也也會加快對環環境的破壞。。,butontheotherhand,itwillspeedupenvironmentaldestruction.Ontheonehand,rapiddevelopmentoftheeconomywillimprovethelivingconditionsofthepeople幫你歸納athand在手頭；；臨近byhand手工inhand手頭上handinhand手拉手Handsoff!請請勿觸摸！Handsup!舉起起手來!agreenhand新手lefthanded左撇的fromhandtohand傳遞livefromhandtomouth過著衣衣食無憂的生生活handin上交handover交接接handout分配；；施舍handdown流傳傳下來；傳遞遞即學活練(3)Iwouldlikeajobwhichpaysmore,butIenjoytheworkI’mdoingatthemoment.A.inotherwordsB.ontheotherhandC.foronethingD.asamatteroffactB10.aswellas挑戰自我(1)亨德森森先生和他的的孩子都喜歡歡足球。Mr.Henderson,aswellashischildren,(be)fondoffootball.幫你歸納(1)aswellas的用法法如下：①和……一樣樣好Peterplaysfootballaswellas,ifnotbetterthan,Jack.皮特踢足球即即使不比杰克克好，也與他他一樣好。②短語介詞，，意為“連同同……、和………”，在意意義上強調前者，，謂語動詞的的單復數與前前面的主語保保持is一致，可以用用togetherwith或或alongwith進行替換。③aswellas還可以連接接兩個相同的的形容詞、動動詞、介詞等，意思思是“不但………，而且………、既………又……”。Thechildislivelyaswellashealthy.這孩子既健康康又活潑。(2)aswell表表示“也”，，用于句子末末尾。JackieChanismyfavoritefilmstar,becauseheisdiligent,warm-heartedandhumorousaswell.成龍是是我喜喜歡的的電影影明星星，因因為他他勤奮奮，富富有同同情心也很很幽默默。(3)may/mightaswell...不妨妨；不不如(表建建議)Since/Nowyou’vecome,youmayaswellenjoyyourstay.既來之之，則則安之之。即學活活練(2)MaryaswellashersistersChineseinChina.A.arestudyingB.havestudiesC.isstudyingD.studyC11.turnout結結果是是；證證明是是挑戰自自我(1)不用用擔心心，一一切都都會好好起來來。Don’tworry.Itwillall.(2)事情情正如如教授授所預預料的的那樣樣。exactlyastheprofessorhadforeseen.(3)結結果是他他沒有得得到那份份工作。。hedidn’tgetthejob.turnoutfineThingsturnedouttobeItturnedoutthat(4)會會議證明明是成功功的。Themeetingsuccessful/asuccess.=themeetingwassuccessful/asuccess.溫馨提示示turnout作““證明是是”講時時，無被被動語態態，無進進行時態。turnedouttobeItturnedoutthat幫你歸納turnouttobe+adj./adv.Itturnedoutthat...turnin上交turndown調低低；拒絕turnup調高；露露面，出現turnover翻轉轉turnon打開turnoff關掉turnto轉向;求求助于即學活練(5)Inthemorningitwascloudy,buttoeveryone’sdelight,itfineintheafternoon.A.turnedoutB.turnedinC.turnedupD.turnedoverA12.部分否否定句型Noteverythingthatisbestfornatureisgoodforpeople.并非對自然然有益的一切切事情對人類都是好的的。(回歸課本P58)挑戰自我(1)發光的的并非都是金金子。=(2)并非非兩個答案案都正確。。=Notallthatglittersisgold.Allthatglittersisnotgold.Bothanswersarenotright.Notbothanswersareright.幫你歸納當not和和each,every,both,all連連用時表示示部分否定定。若表示兩者者的全部否否定用neither,三者者或以上用用none。。即學活練(3)并非非他的父母母都是老師師。(4)并非非所有的人人都喜歡運運動。BotNotallpeoplelikesports.品味味構構詞詞1.利利用用合合成成法法，，品品句句填填詞詞(1)Hewashungryandwantedto,sohewenttothe.(dine)(2)Aftermorningexercises,Iwenttothetohavea.(bath)(3)Thisfactoryhasmanyforworkerstoin.(work)dinediningroombathroombathworkroomswork串聯擴展名詞/動詞名詞合成詞bath洗澡roombathroomwash洗washroomsale銷售salesroombed床bedroomreception接待接待室，會客室rest休息restroom

，浴室廁所拍賣場臥室receptionroom洗手間公共廁所dress穿衣roomlive生活livingroomwait等待waitingroomread讀readingroomsit坐sittingroomdine吃飯diningroom起居室，客廳廳候車室閱覽室起居室餐廳dressingroom2.利用派生生法，品句填填詞（1）Theheusedtotheproblemofwastedisposalseemedunreasonable.(solve)（2）WHOisaninternationalwhichwasbytheUN.(organize)（3）Hisofmakingfriendswithpeoplearoundheisverykindandeasytogetalongwith.(suggest)solutionsolveorganizationorganizedsuggestionsuggests串聯擴展動詞后綴名詞communicate交流；聯系-tion交流；通信determine決心決心；確定prepare準備準備，預備pollute污染污染，弄臟situate使位于形勢，情況locate坐落在位置communicationdeterminationpreparationpollutionsituationlocation考題回扣【例1】Itisnotimmediatelyclearthefinancialcrisiswillsoonbeover.(上海海高考考)A.sinceB.whatC.whenD.whether解析這是it作作形式式主語語的名名詞性性從句句。句句意為為:金融危危機是是否會會很快快結束束不會會立刻刻明朗朗的。。若主主語從句句中去去掉soon，，也可可以選選C項項，即即“金金融危危機什么時時候會會結束束”；；what在從從句中中沒法法與其其他成成分搭配配；since自從從………以來來，不不合句句意。。D課文原原文...butit’suncertainthey’’lleversucceedtotally.(P46)【例2】bytheadvancesintechnology,manyfarmershavesetupwindfarmsontheirland.(天津津高考考)A.BeingencouragedB.EncouragingC.EncouragedD.Havingencouragedwhether解析encourage與主主句主主語manyfarmers之之間為為邏輯上的的動賓賓關系系，因因此應應用被被動形形式，，故排排除B、D兩項；；A項項表示示該動動作正正在進進行；；“Encouragedbytheadvancesintechnology”為過過去分詞短短語作原因狀語。。答案C課文原文bythearticle,thewomanwrotealettertothenewspaper.(P50)Shocked【例3】Beingaparentisnotalwayseasy,andbeingtheparentofachildwithspecialneedsoftencarrieswithextrastress.(北京高高考)A.itB.themC.oneD.him解析it在句中中代指beingtheparentofachildwithspecialneeds。。課文原文ismankind’sresponsibilitytofindsolutionsthatareacceptableforeveryone,andeverything.(P58)ItA【例4】ItisusuallywarminmyhometowninMarch,butitberathercoldsometimes.(福建高考)A.mustB.canC.shouldD.would解析must必然然，一定；can可能；；should應該；would(過去)將，，總會。本題題提供的語境境是“有時可能會……””。課文原文Theverygenesthatmakecropsresistanttopestsanddiseasebeharmfultoanimals.(P57)couldB【例5】Thepresentsituationisverycomplex,soIthinkitwilltakemesometimetoitsreality.(湖北高考考)A.makeupB.figureoutC.lookthroughD.putoff解析makeup組成；化化妝；編造；；figureout理解，弄清楚；；lookthrough瀏覽；；putoff推遲。。句意為：目前前的形勢非常常復雜，因此此我認為要花花費我一段時間間來弄清楚它它的真實性。。課文原文Heisalwaysworkinginhislab,tryingtoallthemysteriesthatmakehimpuzzled.(P49)figureoutB寫作作技技能能如何何做做到到行行文文流流暢暢高考考書書面面表表達達的的評評分分原原則則中中明明確確規規定定““上上下下文文的的連貫貫性性””為為評評分分時時應應注注意意的的主主要要內內容容之之一一。。在在““各各檔次次的的給給分分范范圍圍和和要要求求””中中，，也也提提到到了了““連連貫貫性性””的問問題題，，且且在在第第五五檔檔(21～～25分分)中中具具體體指指出出：：““有有效地使使用了了語句句間的的連接接成分分，使使全文文結構構緊湊湊。””那么如如何使也不難，只需掌握以下兩個要訣。要訣之一要組織一段通暢的英文，構建每一個句子時，要服從以下三條原則:1.Thetopicofeachsentencemustn’’tbechanged.2.Thesubjectofeachsentencehastobechanged.3.Thebeginningofeachsechanged.有些句子的主題、主語和句子的開頭可能是同一結構，但但并非非總是是如此此。如如果在在一段段文章章中，，每句句話的主題題、主主語和和開頭頭都是是同一一結構構，便便顯出出一種種學生生腔。。事實實上，，每個個句子子的主主題不不能脫脫離整整段的的主題題。每每個句句子的的主語語會因因敘述述的內內容不不同而而不同同。流流暢的的段落每每一個個句子子的開開頭一一般是是不同同的。。因此此，在在一段英文文中———句句子的的主題題不能能變；；句子子的主主語需需要變；句句子的的開頭頭必須須變。。這就是是行文文連貫貫的要要訣之之一。。要訣之之二正如許許多人人所認認識的的那樣樣，要要使作作文行行文連連貫、、條理清楚楚，就就要適適當地地使用用連接接成分分，其其中包包括連連詞、、副詞、、話語語標志志、用用作狀狀語的的介詞詞短語語和部部分獨獨立結構。。很多連連接成成分具具有多多個方方面的的功能能，在在寫英英語作作文時，要要合理理運用用。同同時，，在寫寫作中中切忌忌連接接詞語語的堆砌，，不要要因文文害義義。正正如前前邊所所提到到的那那樣，，普通的副副詞在在句中中位置置十分分靈活活，所所以，，副詞詞也是是使文章行行文連連貫的的最好好工具具。另另外，，充當當狀語語的介介詞短語在在文章章中的的連接接作用用也不不容忽忽視。。自主檢檢測Ⅰ.品品句填填詞1.LittleTomlikeagentlemanatyesterday’sparty.2.HehasdecidedtogoabroadtostudywiththeofimprovinghisEnglish.3.Asmanyas30,000refugeesdiedofhungerandlackingcare.4.Theshopassistantdidn’ttakethecustomer’’srequest,asaresult,hisprizewaskeptbackbytheboss.behavesintentionmedicalseriously5.Heisnowoutofworkasaresultofhis,whichresultedinagreatlossinbusiness.6.Ican’ttellyou(明確地)whenIcanfinishtheproject.7.Copper(傳導)electricitybetterthanothermaterialsdo.8.He(尋求)revenge(報復)againstSurkovforseparatinghimfromhiswifeandson.carelessnessdefinitelyconductssought9.ShewantedtobethefirstwomantoclimbMountEverest,andshealmost(成功).10.Hehadgotpreparedtotakethe(后果)oflosingmoneywhenhedecidedtoinvestatthebeginning.succeededconsequenceⅡ.短語識境境1.Theguidewarnedthosewhomissedthetrainwouldtheconsequencethemselves.2.Thefactoryclosingbecausethepollutionitcreatedwasn’’ttreatedintime.3.ManypeopleSuperGirls,whichisaquitepopularamusementprogramatpresent.turnout,dealwith,meetourownneeds,followin,beseriouslyaffected,commenton,endup,goagainst,takeaway,beblamedfordealwithendedupcommenton4.Thesandstormsweptthewholeday,thepublictransport.5.Whoevershouldn’tlaw,otherwisehewillbepunished.6.Hisdrivinglicensewasbecauseofdrivingafterdrinking.7.Thefoodcannoteven,howcanwesupportthem?8.Wewonderwhoshouldhavingallowedthesetreestobecutdown.wasaffectedgoagainsttakenawaymeetourownneedsbeblamedfor9.Themancallinghimselfamanagertobeamurderer.10.Millionsofheroespushedaheadwiththerevolution,martyrs’(烈士)footsteps.turnedoutfollowinginⅢ.單項填填空1.Manychildrenthinktheyarewithwhentheirparentsaretryingtoshowconcernaboutthem.A.interferedB.separatedC.disturbedD.offended解析interfere干涉，干干預，妨礙礙；separate分開；disturb打擾；offend得罪,冒犯(及及物動詞)。句意：許多多兒童認為為當父母在在試圖關心心他們時，，干擾了他們們。A2.Whenthestrangerwasdragginghimaway,thebabyreachedouthishandsinwantofhismother.A.curious B.desperateC.sincere D.serious解析desperate意為“極極度渴望的的”。indesperatewantof表示“極極想得到………”。B3.Inthequestionnaire,thesubjectsarequestionedwhethertheybanningcarsinthecitycenter.A.agreeB.commentC.advocateD.conduct解析析advocatedoingsth.表表示示““擁擁護護(支支持持)做做某事事””。。C4.Allthecandidateswerethestreettobenamedafteragreatmanhisgreatcontributionstothecity.A.infavorof;inneedofB.inpraiseof;infavorofC.inpraiseof;inneedofD.infavorof;inhonorof解析句意意：：所所有有候候選選人人都都贊贊成成以以一一名名偉偉人人的的名名字來來命命名名這這個個街街道道，，以以表表彰彰他他對對這這個個城城市市的的貢貢獻獻。。D5.——Whyareyoulookingpleased?—Oh,I’’vejusthadajob.A.offeredB.offeringC.toofferD.beingoffered解析析offer和和job之之間間為為被被動動關關系系，，且且表表示示動動作作已完完成成，，故故選選A。。A6.Hetoldussadlythatmorethanonepersoninthecase.A.involvedB.hadinvolvedC.wasinvolvedD.wereinvolved解析析beinvolvedin與與…………有有關關，，使使卷卷入入；；“morethanone+單單數數名名詞詞””作作主主語語時時，，謂謂語語動動詞用單數數。C7.JasonhasbeenpreparingcarefullyforhisEnglishexaminationsothathecouldbesureofpassingitonhisfirst.A.purposeB.desireC.attemptD.intention解析onone’’sfirstattempt為固定定短語，，意為“某人人首次嘗嘗試”。。C8.Wehadintendedtodoeverythingaccordingtotheschedule,butitdidn’’tasplanned.A.makeupB.turnoutC.goonD.comeup解析句意：我我們原打打算按照照時間表表做一切切事情，但結結果并沒沒有如計計劃地那那樣。B9.I’’moutofonthepiano.I’mnotsurewhetherIcanplayitwell.A.p