GrammarThePastParticipleusedas

thePredicative

andAdverbialUnit5Music過去分詞作表語和狀語1.TolearntheusageofV-edformusedaspredicativeandadverbialinasentence.2.Tomasterwhatwelearninthisperiodandapplythemtoexercises.LearningGoals:問題導學：自學金版教程Section3,找出下列問題的答案。1.過去分詞作表語的定義；2.過去分詞和現在分詞作表語的區別是什么？3.過去分詞作表語和被動語態的區別是什么？4.過去分詞作狀語的功能和種類；5.過去分詞作狀語的注意事項；6.過去分詞和現在分詞作狀語的區別是什么？Describethefollowingpictures.Theboyisa_________inreadingabook.Thepeoplearee______.Theboyiss______.xcitedbsorbedsurprisedPastparticipleservingasthepredicative.點撥精講：讀下列句子，說出過去分詞和現在分詞在句中作表語的區別。1.Allofusweresodisappointedathisabsence.2.Climbingistiringandwearecompletelytiredafteraday'sclimbing.過去分詞和現在分詞作表語都用于說明主語“怎么樣”.現在分詞表_____________________________________；而過去分詞表____________________________________。Difference:主語的特點/特征，含有“令人……”之意主語的狀態，含“感到……”之意類似常用的過去分詞有

interested,excited,surprised,puzzled,amused,confused,embarrassed,satisfied;類似常用的現在分詞有interesting,exciting,surprising,puzzling,amusing,confusing,embarrassing,satisfying。PracticeTask1Lindaistalkingwithhisfather.Usethecorrectformoftheverbtofillineachblank.tired(2)burned(3)bored(4)disappointing(5)pleased(6)challenging(7)relaxedⅢ.讀下列句子，說出過去分詞作表語和被動語態的區別。1.Thestoreisnowclosed.2.Thelibraryisusuallyclosedat8：00pm.3.Thenoveliswellwritten.4.Thenovelis

writtenbyLuXun.5.Thecupis

broken.6.Thecupisbroken

byTom.(系表)(系表)(被動)(被動)過去分詞作表語，常常強調或說明______________；過去分詞在被動語態中，則強調______________。Difference:主語的狀態動作(系表)(被動)

讀句子，說出過去分詞作狀語的功能.Builtthirtyyearsago,thehouselooksverybeautiful.過去分詞作狀語，修飾__________，進一步說明謂語動詞的動作和狀態，即動作發生時的背景或狀況，其邏輯主語通常就是句子的主語，且主語是過去分詞所表示的動作的承受者，即過去分詞表示的動作不是句子的主語發出的：過去分詞與主語之間是邏輯上的___________。謂語動詞動賓關系讀句子，說出過去分詞作狀語的種類.(1)Discussedmanytimes,theproblemsweresettledatlast.=Aftertheywerediscussedmanytimes,theproblemsweresettled

atlast.(2)Givenmoretime,wecoulddoitmuchbetter.=Ifweweregivenmoretime,wecoulddoitmuchbetter.(3)

Doneinahurry,hishomeworkwasfullofmistakes.=Becauseitwasdoneinahurry,hishomeworkwasfullofmistakes.作時間狀語，可轉換為when,while或after等引導的狀語從句。作條件狀語，可轉換為if,once或unless等引導的狀語從句。作原因狀語，可轉換為as,since或because等引導狀語從句(4)Exhaustedbytheclimb,wecontinuedourjourney.=Althoughwewereexhaustedbytheclimb,wecontinuedourjourney.(5)Hebegantocryasifbittenbyasnake.＝Hebegantocryasifhewasbittenbyasnake.(6)MrsWucamein,followedbyherdaughter.

＝MrsWucameinandshewasfollowedbyherdaughter.作讓步狀語，可轉換為although,though或evenif等引導的狀語從句。作方式狀語，如有連詞asif，就可轉換為asif引導的方式狀語從句；若無連詞，則可轉換為并列結構。作伴隨狀語，一般可轉換為并列結構。Keypoints.1.過去分詞作狀語時，有時為了強調，前面可帶有連詞，如：when,

while,if,though,asif,unless,until等，以使句意表達得更清楚。Eg.Unlessconstantlyrepeated,theEnglishwordsareeasilyforgotten.

When

askedwhyshecamehere,thegirlkeptsilent.2.過去分詞作狀語時，其邏輯主語必須與句子的主語保持一致(現在分詞作

狀語同樣如此)，否則需加上自己的邏輯主語，構成獨立主格結構。

Givenachance,wecansurprisetheworld.

Hewaslisteningattentivelyinclass,hiseyes

fixedontheblackboard.3.有些過去分詞(短語)來源于系表結構，作狀語時不表示被動而重在描述

主語的狀態。這樣的過去分詞及短語常見的有:lost(迷失的),seated(坐),

hidden(隱藏的),lost/absorbedin(沉浸于),dressedin(穿著)等。

Lostinthought,hedidn'thearthebell.讀句子，說出過去分詞和現在分詞作狀語時的區別.1.Seeingfromthehill,youwillfindthecitylookslikeabiggarden.

從山上看，你會發現這座城市就像一個大花園。(see與句子的主語you之間是邏輯上的主謂關系)2.Seenfromthehill,thecitylookslikeabiggarden.

從山上看，這座城市就像一個大花園。(see與句子的主語thecity之間是邏輯上的動賓關系)過去分詞作狀語:現在分詞作狀語：Difference:過去分詞作狀語時，過去分詞所表示的動作與句子的主語之間是邏輯上的動賓關系，即表被動。現在分詞作狀語時，現在分詞所表示的動作與句子的主語之間是邏輯上的主謂關系，即表主動。課堂小結：(1)同義句轉換①Toldthathismotherwasill,LiLeihurriedhomequickly.

Whenhewastoldthathismotherwasill，LiLeihurriedhomequickly.②Comparedwithyou,Istillhavealongwaytogo.

IfIamcomparedwithyou，Istillhavealongwaytogo.③Mockedatbyeverybody,hehadmysympathy.

Althoughhewasmockedatbyeverybody,hehadmysympathy.④Greatlytouchedbytheteacher'swords,theboydidalotofthingsto

helphisclassmates.

Because/Ashewasgreatlytouchedbytheteacher'swords,theboy

didalotofthingstohelphisclassmates.⑤Thepatientgotoffthebed,supportedbythenurse.

Thepatientgotoffthebed,andhewassupportedbythenurse.當堂檢測：1).When________(offer)help,oneoftensays“Thankyou”or“It’skindofyou.2)._________(Separate)fromothercontinentsformillionsofyears,Australiahasmanyplantsandanimalsnotfoundinanyothercountryintheworld.3).Generallyspeaking,if_______(take)accordingtothedirections,thedrughas

nosideeffect.4).Heglancedather,________(note)thatthoughshewastiny,sheseemedverywell.5).Theteachercameintothelab,_________(follow)bysomestudents.6).______(sleep)lateinthemorning,heturnedoffthealarmo’clock.7)._______(see)fromthehill,theparklooksverybeautiful.8).______