2010年?廣東外語外?貿大學MT?I碩士入學?考試真題解?析各位考研的?同學們，大家好！我是才思的?一名學員，現在已經順?利的考上研?究生，今天和大家?分享一下這?個專業的真?題，方便大家準?備考研，希望給大家?一定的幫助?。基礎英語·答案詳解Part1:Gramm?arandVocab?ulary?.01.Altho?ughshegives?badly?conve?ntion?altitle?stohermusic?alcompo?sitio?ns,theyincor?porat?eunusu?alcombi?natio?nsofmater?ialsinclu?dingclass?icalmusic?patte?rnsandrhyth?ms,elect?ronic?sound?s,andbirdsongs?.句義：盡管她賦以?自己的音樂?作品極度尋?常的題目，但這些作品?不同尋常地?結合了古典?音樂的模式?和韻律，外加電子音?效和鳥鳴。答案：A考點：句意理解分析：they指?代的是he?rmusic?alcompo?sitio?nA.conve?ntion?al/incor?porat?e 常規的/合并B.eccen?tric/deplo?y 古怪的/部署C.tradi?tiona?l/exclu?de 傳統的/排斥D.imagi?nativ?e/disgu?ise 想像的/假裝02.Eventhoug?hthefolkt?alesPerro?ultcolle?ctedandretol?dwerenotsolel?yFrenc?hinorigi?n,hisversi?onsofthemweresodecid?edlyFrenc?hinstyle?thatlater?antho?logie?sofFrenc?hfolkt?aleshavenever?exclu?dedthem.句義：盡管佩羅爾?特搜集講述?的民間故事?并非全部源?自法國，但他的故事?版本都是純?法國式的。所以后來的?法國民間故?事集沒有排?斥他們。答案：A考點：詞義辨析分析：A.exclu?ded 排斥B.admir?ed 欽佩C.colle?cted 收集D.compr?ehend?ed 理解03.Inargui?ngagain?stasser?tions?thatenvir?onmen?talcatas?troph?eisimmin?ent,herbookdoesnotridic?uleallpredi?ction?sofdoombutrathe?rclaim?sthattherisks?ofharmhaveinmanycases?beenexagg?erate?d.句義：在反駁環境?災難臨近這?方面，她的書并沒?有嘲笑所有?的末日預測?，而是指出災?難風險在許?多情景中被?夸大了。答案：A考點：詞義辨析分析：A.exagg?erate?d 夸大B.ignor?ed 忽略C.scrut?inize?d 審查D.derid?ed 嘲笑04.There?seems?tobenoslaki?ngthereadi?ngpubli?c’sthirs?tforbooks?about?the1960’s:indee?d,thenorma?llevel?ofinter?esthasincre?asedrecen?tlybecau?seofaspate?ofpopul?artelev?ision?docum?entar?ies.句義：人們對20?世紀60年?代的書籍的?熱愛不減；事實上，由于一系列?電視記錄片?的流行，人們的興趣?反而增加了?。答案：C考點：句意理解分析：A.quenc?hing/moder?ated 平息/緩和B.whett?ing/mushr?oomed? 促進/迅速增加C.slaki?ng/incre?ased 熄滅/增加D.ignor?ing/trans?forme?d 忽略/轉變05.Despi?teatende?ncytobeovert?lydidac?tic,thepoetr?yoftheMiddl?eAgesoften?spark?stheimagi?natio?nandprovi?deslivel?yenter?tainm?ent,aswellaspious?senti?ments?.句義：盡管帶有明?顯的說教性?，中世紀的詩?歌仍然常能?激發想象力?、提供娛樂并?讓人變得虔?誠。答案：C考點：詞義辨析分析：句意理解，轉折題A.diver?ting 有趣的B.emoti?onal 情緒化的C.didac?tic 說教的D.roman?tic 浪漫的06.Oneofthefirst?benef?iciar?iesofreduc?edburni?nginAmazo?nrainfores?tswasthechest?nutindus?try:smoke?tends?todrive?outtheinsec?tthat,bypolli?natin?gchest?nuttree,allow?chest?nutstodevel?op.句義：亞馬孫雨林?中減少焚燒?的直接受益?者之一是栗?子工業：煙霧會驅除?昆蟲，而栗子樹是?通過昆蟲授?粉而生長的?。答案：D考點：句意理解分析：A.refor?mers 改革者B.disco?verie?s 發現C.casua?lties? 受害者D.benef?iciar?ies 受益者07.Theresea?rchcommi?tteeurged?thearcha?eolog?isttounder?cutherclaim?thatthetombshehasdisco?vered?wasthatofAlexa?ndertheGreat?,since?heriniti?alrepor?thasbeenbased?onlyoncapri?ce.句義：研究委員會?要求這個考?古學家撤回?她關于發現?亞歷山大墓?的聲明，因為她的原?始報告僅基?于無稽之談?。答案：C考點：詞義辨析分析：句意理解A.disse?minat?e/suppo?sitio?n 散播/推測B.withd?raw/evide?nce 撤回/證據C.under?cut/capri?ce 消弱/反復無常D.docum?ent/conje?cture? 用文件證明?/猜想08.Altho?ughHeron?iswellknown?forthebroad?comed?yinthemovie?sshehasdirec?tedprevi?ously?,hernewfilmislessincli?nedtomelod?rama:thegagsarefewer?andsubtl?er.句義：盡管何榮過?去指導的影?片以通俗喜?劇聞名，但她的新電?影卻不再趨?向通俗劇：噱頭更少，且更微妙了?。答案：D考點：詞義辨析分析：melod?rama和?thebroad?comed?y是同義詞?A.under?state?ment 輕描淡寫B.preci?osity? 過于挑剔C.symbo?lism 象征主義D.melod?rama 通俗劇09.Bebop?’slegac?yisamixed?one:bebop?mayhavewonjazztheright?tobetaken?serio?uslyasanartform,butitalien?atedjazz’smassaudie?nce,which?turne?dtoother?forms?ofmusic?suchasrockandpop.句義：比波普帶來?了混雜的影?響：人們開始視?爵士樂為藝?術，并嚴肅對待?它，但大量爵士?樂迷因此而?疏遠了爵士?樂，改投搖滾樂?和流行樂的?懷抱。答案：A考點：句意理解分析：A.amixed?/alien?ated 混雜的/使疏遠B.atroub?led/seduc?ed 麻煩的/引誘C.anambig?uous/aggra?ndize?d 模棱兩可的?/夸大D.avalua?ble/refin?ed 貴重的/精提煉10.Theexhib?ition?’simpor?tance?liesinitsscope?:curat?orshavegathe?redadiver?searray?ofsigni?fican?tworks?frommanydiffe?rentmuseu?ms.句義：這個展覽的?重要之處在?于它范圍廣?泛：館長們從許?多不同的博?物館搜集了?大量珍貴作?品。答案：C考點：詞義辨析分析：A.homog?eneit?y 同質化B.sophi?stry 詭辯法C.scope? 范圍D.farsi?ghted?ness 遠視11.Despi?tethefactthatthecommi?ssion?’srepor?ttreat?savital?lyimpor?tanttopic?,therepor?twillbelittl?ereadbecau?seitsprose?issoturgi?dthatunder?stand?ingitrequi?resanenorm?ouseffor?t.句義：盡管委員會?的報告論述?了一個非常?重要的議題?，很少有人會?去讀——因為報告的?語言松散浮?夸，要費很大的?勁才能理解?。答案：C考點：句意理解分析：A.seldo?m/trans?paren?t 很少/透明B.caref?ully/pellu?cid 小心地/易懂地C.littl?e/turgi?d 很少/浮夸的D.eager?ly/digre?ssive? 熱切地/離題的12.Carle?tonwould?still?rankamong?thegreat?enigm?asofninet?eenth?centu?ryAmeri?canartevenifthecircu?mstan?ceofherlifeandcaree?rwerelessmyste?rious?thantheyare.句義：卡爾頓無疑?可以位列于?19世紀美?國最偉大的?神秘人物，盡管他的生?活和職業狀?況并不那么?神秘。答案：D考點：詞義辨析分析：A.celeb?ritie?s/obscu?re 名人/模糊的B.failu?res/illus?triou?s 失敗者/接觸的C.charl?atans?/impec?cable? 騙子/無懈可擊的?D.enigm?as/myste?rious? 神秘人物/神秘的13.Altho?ughbased?onanactua?levent?,thefilmlacks?veris?imili?tude:thedirec?torshuff?lesevent?s,simpl?ifies?thetangl?eofrelat?ionsh?ips,andsacri?fices?docum?entar?ytruth?fordrama?ticpower?.句義：盡管根據以?真事為基礎?，這部電影仍?不夠真實：導演打亂了?事件的順序?，簡化了糾結?的人物關系?，為喜劇效果?犧牲了故事?的真實性。答案：C考點：詞義辨析分析：A.convi?ction?/embra?ces 信念/擁抱B.expre?ssive?ness/exagg?erate?s 表達/夸張C.veris?imili?tude/sacri?fices? 逼真/犧牲D.reali?sm/subst?itute?s 現實/代替14.WhenAdolp?hOchsbecam?ethepubli?sherofTheNewYorkTimes?,heendow?edthepaper?withauniqu?elydispa?ssion?atetone,avoid?ingtheshril?ledito?rials?thatchara?cteri?zedother?major?paper?softhetime.句義：當阿道夫·奧克斯成為?《紐約時報》的發行人時?，他賦予這份?報紙客觀冷?靜的獨特基?調，避免出現其?他主流報紙?的刻薄評論?。答案：B考點：詞義辨析分析：A.abstr?use/schol?arly 深奧的/學術地B.dispa?ssion?ate/shril?l 冷靜的/刺耳的C.argum?entat?ive/tende?ntiou?s 好辯的/宣傳性的D.cosmo?polit?an/timel?y 世界性的/及時地15.There?areasgoodfishintheseaasevercameoutofit.句義：海中好魚取?不盡。答案：C考點：固定搭配分析：此句話為愛?爾蘭諺語，引申義為：縱然失去一?個機會，不愁沒有其?他機會 A.than B.like C.as D.so16.AllthePresi?dent’sMenremai?nsoneoftheimpor?tantbooks?forhisto?rians?whostudy?theWater?gateScand?al.句義：《總統班底》一書仍是研?究水門事件?的歷史學家?們最主要的?資料之一。答案：B考點：動詞用法分析：remai?n為不及物動?詞，主語為一本?書的名字（allthepresi?dent’smen），故用單數。此外，表示存續的?狀態，一般用一般?時態。 A.remai?n B.remai?ns C.remai?ned D.isremai?ning17.“Youcould?borro?wmynotes?provi?dedyoutakecareofthem”,Itoldmyfrien?d.句義：“如果你能好?好對待我的?筆記，我可以借給?你。”我對我朋友?說。答案：A考點：虛擬語氣分析：provi?ded（that）+從句表假設?，相當于if?。因此此處需?用虛擬語氣?，所以選co?uld A.could? B.shoul?d C.must D.can18.Ifonlythepatie?nthadrecei?vedadiffe?renttreat?mentinste?adofusing?theantib?iotic?s,hemight?still?bealive?now.句義：如果這個病?人是用別的?治療方式，而不是用抗?生素，或許他現在?還活著。答案：A考點：虛擬語氣分析：由ifonly引導的虛擬?語氣：與過去事實?相反ifonly的?謂語動詞用?haddone；與現在事實?相反，謂語動詞用?did A.hadrecei?ved B.recei?ved C.shoul?drecei?ve D.wererecei?ving19.Linda?wastohavestart?edtheexper?iment?amonth?ago,butshechang?edhermindatthelastminut?e.句義：琳達一個月?以前就開始?了這個實驗?，但她在最后?時刻改變了?主意。答案：B考點：動詞分析：wastohavedone表?虛擬，意為計劃好?了，但是未做 A.tostart? B.tohavestart?ed C.tobestart?ing D.tohavebeenstart?ing20.Shemusthavebeenfifty?orsowhenIfirst?metherattheconfe?rence?.句義：我第一次在?會議上遇到?她的時候，她一定有五?十歲了。答案：D考點：動詞分析：musthavedone表?示對過去的?推測 A.mustbe B.hadbeen C.could?be D.musthavebeen21.Itisnotsomuchthelangu?ageasthebackg?round?thatmakes?thebookdiffi?culttounder?stand?.句義：與其說是語?言不通，不如說是背?景差異造成?了這本書難?以理解。答案：C考點：固定搭配分析：notsomuch…as意為“與其說……不如說” A.that B.as C.so D.very22.Thecommi?tteehasantic?ipate?dtheprobl?emsthatwillarise?intheroadconst?ructi?onproje?ct.句義：委員會對于?道路建項目?中可能出現?的問題進行?了預測。答案：B考點：動詞分析：C選項為過?去時，表明問題已?經出現，不合題意；B選項為一?般將來時，表示問題還?未出現，符合題意 A.arise? B.willarise? C.arose? D.havearise?n23.Thestude?ntsaidthere?wereafewPoint?sintheessay?hehadfound?impos?sible?tocompr?ehend?.句義：這個學生說?他發現論文?里有幾點是?他無法理解?的。答案：A考點：動詞分析：said是?過去式，所以后面應?用過去完成?時 A.hadfound? B.finds? C.hasfound? D.would?find24.Hewould?havefinis?hedhiscolle?geeduca?tion,buthehadtoquitandfindajobtosuppo?rthisfamil?y.句義：他本可以完?成大學的學?業，但是為了養?家糊口，他不得不輟?學去賺錢。答案：C考點：虛擬語氣分析：前句為過去?將來時，意為“他本可以完?成大學的學?業”；過去完成時?代表“在某一時間?前發生的事?” A.hadhad B.has C.had D.would?have25.Theresea?rchrequi?resmoremoney?thanhasbeenputin.句義：這項研究需?要的經費比?已經投入的?要多。答案：B考點：時態分析：根據句意首?先排除C和?D，hasbeenputin句子省?略了tha?t用來指代?money?，money?不可數，所以用單數?形式has? A.havebeenputin B.hasbeenputin C.being?putin D.tobeputin26.Overp?opula?tionposes?aterri?blethrea?ttothehuman?race.Yetitisproba?blynotmoreathrea?ttothehuman?racethanenvir?onmen?taldestr?uctio?n.句義：人口爆炸對?人類造成了?極大的威脅?，但與人類造?成的威脅比?起來，對環境的危?害要大得多?。答案：B考點：固定搭配分析：itisnotmoreathrea?t…than意?為“比起……來說還不算?太大的威脅?” A.nomore B.notmore C.evenmore D.muchmore27.Itisnotuncom?monforthere?tobeprobl?emsofcommu?nicat?ionbetwe?entheoldandtheyoung?.句義：老幼兩代溝?通有障礙是?很普遍的現?象。答案：D考點：固定搭配分析：基本句型：Itis+adj+(forsb)+todosth.It作形式?主語 A.being? B.would?be C.be D.tobe28.Looke?datinhisway,thesitua?tiondoesnotseemsodespe?rate.句義：從他的角度?來看，事情還不至?于讓人絕望?。答案：B考點：分析：looke?dat是分詞獨立?結構，是被動意義?做狀語，thesitua?tion是?他的動作對?象，所以用過去?分詞表被動? A.Looki?ng B.Looke?d C.Being?looke?d D.Tolook29.Itisabsol?utely?essen?tialthatWilli?amconti?nuehisstudy?inspite?ofsomelearn?ingdiffi?culti?es.句義：盡管困難重?重，威廉繼續學?習是絕對必?要的。答案：C考點：虛擬語氣分析：Itisessen?tialthat+(shoul?d)+動詞原形，that引?導的主語從?句為虛擬語?氣 A.willconti?nue B.conti?nued C.conti?nue D.conti?nues30.Thepaint?inghebough?tatthestree?tmarke?ttheother?daywasacrude?forge?ry.句義：那天他在街?市上買的畫?是一副拙劣?的贗品。答案：C考點：詞義辨析分析：A.man-made 人造的B.natur?al 天然的C.crude? 粗糙的D.real 真的Part2:Readi?ngCompr?ehens?ion.Passa?geA[題目來源]本文選自2?006年9?月上海高級?口譯試題，同一篇文章?在2011?年上海高級?口譯又考過?一次。[答案詳解]ADBDB?本文通篇介?紹了非洲牧?民的狀況，作者的主要?目的是支持?非洲傳統牧?民的生活，即05題B?選項。他們的困境?使得非洲干?旱貧窮，問題更加嚴?重。即02題D?選項。此題為近義?詞辨析。當干旱來襲?，牧民仍然飽?受饑餓之苦?，他們的牲畜?也都死了。即03題B?選項：作者對牧民?的態度是既?同情又理解?。第一，沒有人顧及?牧民的需求?。第二，放牧比人類?進步更重要?。即04題D?選項：他們沒有關?心當地人的?發展。國際發展機?構的政策和?戰略多少反?映出他們前?任殖民者的?思想。發達國家應?該關注牧民?的困境。即排除01?題C選項。 OnNewYear’sDay,50,000inmat?esinKenya?njails?wentwitho?utlunch?.Thiswasnotsomemasshunge?rstrik?etohighl?ightpoorlivin?gcondi?tions?.Itwasanextra?ordin?aryhuman?itari?angestu?re:themoney?thatwould?havebeenspent?ontheir?lunch?eswenttothechari?tyFoodAidtohelpfeedanestim?ated3.5milli?onKenya?nswho,becau?seofasever?edroug?ht,arethrea?tened?withstarv?ation?.Thedroug?htisbignewsinAfric?a,affec?tinghugeareas?ofeastAfric?aandtheHorn.Ifyouarereadi?ngthisinthewest,howev?er,youmaynotbeaware?ofit—themedia?isnotinter?ested?inoldstori?es.Evenifyoudoknowabout?thedroug?ht,youmaynotbeaware?thatitisdevas?tatin?gonegroup?ofpeopl?edispr?oport?ionat?ely:thepasto?ralis?ts.There?are20milli?onnomad?icorsemi-nomad?icherde?rsinthisregio?n,andtheyarefastbecom?ingsomeofthepoore?stpeopl?eintheconti?nent.Their?pligh?tencap?sulat?esAfric?a’speren?nialprobl?emwithdroug?htandfamin?e.Howso?Itcomes?downtothereluc?tance?ofgover?nment?s,aidagenc?iesandforei?gnlende?rstosuppo?rttheherde?rs’tradi?tiona?lwayoflife.Inste?adtheyhavetende?dtotrytoturnthemintocomme?rcial?ranch?ersoragric?ultur?alist?s,eventhoug?hithasbeendemon?strat?edtimeandagain?thatpasto?ralis?tsarewelladapt?edtotheir?harsh?envir?onmen?ts,andthatmovin?glives?tockaccor?dingtotheseaso?nsorclima?ticchang?esmakes?their?metho?dsfarmoreviabl?ethanagric?ultur?einsub-Sahar?andryla?nds.Furth?ermor?e,Afric?anpasto?ralis?tsyste?msareoften?moreprodu?ctive?,interms?ofprote?inandcashperhecta?re,thanAustr?alian?,Ameri?canandother?Afric?anranch?esinsimil?arclima?ticcondi?tions?.Theymakeasubst?antia?lcontr?ibuti?ontotheir?count?ries’natio?nalecono?mies.InKenya?,forexamp?le,theturno?verofthepasto?ralis?tsecto?risworth?$800milli?onperyear.Incount?riessuchasBurki?naFaso,Eritr?eaandEthio?pia,hides?frompasto?ralis?ts’herds?makeupover10percentofexpor?tearni?ngs.Despi?tethisprodu?ctivi?ty,pasto?ralis?tsstill?starv?eandtheir?anima?lsperis?hwhendroug?hthits.Onereaso?nisthatonlyatrick?leoftheprofi?tsgoestotheherde?rsthems?elves?;thelion’sshare?ispocke?tedbytrade?rs.Thisispartl?ybecau?setheherde?rsonlysellmuchoftheir?stock?durin?gtimes?ofdroug?htandfamin?e,whentheyneedthecashtobuyfood,andtheterms?oftrade?inthissitua?tionnever?workintheir?favou?r.Anoth?erreaso?nisthelackofinves?tment?inherdi?ngareas?.Fundi?ngbodie?ssuchastheWorld?BankandUSAID?tried?toaddre?sssomeoftheprobl?emsinthe1960s?,inves?tingmilli?onsofdolla?rsincomme?rcial?beefanddairy?produ?ction?.Itdidn’twork.First?ly,noonebothe?redtoconsu?ltthepasto?ralis?tsabout?whattheywante?d.Secon?dly,reari?nglives?tocktookprece?dence?overhuman?progr?ess.Thepolic?iesandstrat?egies?ofinter?natio?naldevel?opmen?tagenc?iesmoreorlessmirro?redthethink?ingoftheir?colon?ialprede?cesso?rs.Theywerebased?ontwofalse?assum?ption?s:thatpasto?ralis?misprimi?tiveandineff?icien?t,which?ledtonumer?ousfaile?dschem?esaimed?atconve?rting?herde?rstomoder?nranch?ingmodel?s;andthatAfric?a’sdryla?ndscansuppo?rtcomme?rcial?ranch?ing.Theycanno?t.MostofAfric?a’sherde?rsliveinareas?withunpre?dicta?bleweath?ersyste?msthataretotal?lyunsui?tedtocomme?rcial?ranch?ing.Whatthepasto?ralis?tsneedissuppo?rtfortheir?tradi?tiona?llifes?tyle.Overthepastfewyears?,funde?rsandpolic?y-maker?shavebeenstart?ingtogetthemessa?ge.Oneexamp?leisinter?venti?onbygover?nment?stoensur?ethatpasto?ralis?tsgetfairprice?sfortheir?cattl?ewhentheysellthemintimes?ofdroug?ht,sothattheycanaffor?dtobuyfodde?rfortheir?remai?ninglives?tockandcerea?lstokeepthems?elves?andtheir?famil?iesalive?(theprobl?eminAfric?anfamin?esisnotsomuchalackoffoodasalackofmoney?tobuyit).Anoth?erexamp?leisadroug?htearly?-warni?ngsyste?mrunbytheKenya?ngover?nment?andtheWorld?Bankthathashelpe?davert?lives?tockdeath?s.Thisisallpromi?sing,butmoreneeds?tobedone.SomeAfric?angover?nment?sstill?favou?rforci?ngpasto?ralis?tstosettl?e.Theyshoul?dheedthelates?tscien?tific?resea?rchdemon?strat?ingtheprodu?ctivi?tyoftradi?tiona?lcattl?e-herdi?ng.Ultim?ately?,susta?inabl?erural?devel?opmen?tinpasto?ralis?tareas?willdepen?donincre?asing?trade?,soonething?going?forthemisthegrowi?ngdeman?dforlives?tockprodu?cts:there?willlikel?ybeanaddit?ional?2billi?onconsu?mersworld?wideby2020,thevastmajor?ityindevel?oping?count?ries.Toensur?ethatpasto?ralis?tsbenef?it,itwillbecruci?altogivethemagreat?ersayinlocal?polic?ies.Other?keytasks?inclu?degivin?gagreat?ersaytowomen?,whoplaycriti?calroles?inlives?tockprodu?ction?.Therichworld?shoul?dpayprope?ratten?tiontothepligh?tofthepasto?ralis?ts.Leavi?ngthemdepen?dentonforei?gnfoodaidisunsus?taina?bleandwillleadtomoreresen?tment?,confl?ict,envir?onmen?taldegra?datio?nandmalnu?triti?on.Itisintherichworld?’sinter?eststohelpout.Passa?geB[題目來源]本文選自2?006年9?月上海高級?口譯試題，同一篇文章?在2011?年上海高級?口譯又考過?一次。[答案詳解]CDBCC?政府要這些?信息的目的?是監管網絡?黃色網站。即01題C?選項。政府沒有權?利要私人信?息去做測試?。即02題D?選項：搜索記錄是?公司隱私。起初，政府要20?05年6月?到7月的全?部瀏覽記錄?，但是后來縮?小到一周的?記錄，即03題B?選項：減少到。司法部戰略?的奇特之處?在于，通過這個實?驗無疑可以?不批準此案?件。即04題C?選項：可以提供不?批準此案件?的確鑿證據?。人們應該可?以放心上網?，而不是擔心?有人一直在?監視他們。即05題C?選項：BigBroth?er源自《1984》中的“老大哥在看?著你”，是指一個權?威性的監管?力量。 Civil?-Liber?tiesadvoc?atesreeli?ngfromtherecen?trevel?ation?sonsurve?illan?cehadsomet?hingelsetoworry?about?lastweek:thepriva?cyofthebilli?onsofsearc?hqueri?esmadeonsites?likeGoogl?e,AOL,Yahoo?andMicro?soft.Aspartofalong-runni?ngcourt?case,thegover?nment?hasasked?those?compa?niestoturnoverinfor?matio?nonitsusers?’searc?hbehav?ior.AllbutGoogl?ehavehande?doverdata,andnowtheDepar?tment?ofJusti?ce(DOJ)hasmoved?tocompe?lthesearc?hgiant?toturnoverthegoods?.Whatmakes?thiscasediffe?rentisthattheinten?deduseoftheinfor?matio?nisnotrelat?edtonatio?nalsecur?ity,butthegover?nment?’sconti?nuing?attem?pttopolic?eInter?netporno?graph?y.In1998,Congr?esspasse?dtheChild?Onlin?eProte?ction?Act(COPA),butcourt?shaveblock?editsimple?menta?tionduetoFirst?Amend?mentconce?rns.Initsappea?l,theDOJwants?toprove?howeasyitistoinadv?erten?tlystumb?leuponpore.Inorder?tocondu?ctacontr?olled?exper?iment?—tobeperfo?rmedbyaUCBerke?leyprofe?ssorofstati?stics?—theDOJwants?tousealarge?sampl?eofactua?lsearc?hterms?fromthediffe?rentsearc?hengin?es.Itwould?thenusethose?terms?todoitsownsearc?hes,emplo?yingthediffe?rentkinds?offilte?rseachsearc?hengin?eoffer?s,inanattem?pttoquant?ifyhowoften?“mater?ialthatisharmf?ultominor?s”might?appea?r.Googl?econte?ndsthatsince?itisnotaparty?tothecase,thegover?nment?hasnotright?todeman?ditspropr?ietar?yinfor?matio?ntoperfo?rmitstest.“Weinten?dtoresis?ttheir?motio?nvigor?ously?,”saidGoogl?eattor?neyNicol?eWong.DOJspoke?spers?onCharl?esMille?rsaysthatthegover?nment?isreque?sting?onlytheactua?lsearc?hterms?,andnotanyth?ingthatwould?linkthequeri?estothose?whomadethem.(TheDOJisalsodeman?dingalistofamilli?onWebsites?thatGoogl?eindex?estodeter?minethedegre?etowhich?objec?tiona?blesites?aresearc?hed.)Origi?nally?,thegover?nment?asked?foratreas?uretrove?ofallsearc?hesmadeinJuneandJuly2005;thereque?sthasbeenscale?dbacktooneweek’sworth?ofsearc?hqueri?es.Oneoddit?yabout?theDOJ’sstrat?egyisthattheexper?iment?could?conce?ivabl?ysinkitsowncase.Ifthebuilt?-infilte?rsthateachsearc?hengin?eprovi?desareeffec?tiveinblock?ingpornsites?,thegover?nment?willhavewound?upprovi?ngwhattheoppos?ition?hassaidallalong?—youdon’tneedtosuppr?essspeec?htoprote?ctminor?sontheNet.“Wethink?thatourfilte?ringtechn?ology?doesagoodjobprote?cting?minor?sfrominadv?erten?tlyseein?gadult?conte?nt,”saysRamez?Naam,group?progr?ammanag?erofMSNSearc?h.Thoug?hthegover?nment?inten?dstousethese?dataspeci?fical?lyforitsCOPA-relat?edtest,it’spossi?blethattheinfor?matio?ncould?leadtofurth?erinves?tigat?ionsand,perha?ps,subpo?enastofindoutwhowasdoing?thesearc?hing.“Whatifcerta?insearc?hterms?indic?atedthatpeopl?ewereconte?mplat?ingterro?ristactio?nsorother?crimi?nalactiv?ities??”SaystheDOJ’sMille?r,“I’massum?ingthatifsomet?hingraise?dalarm?s,wewould?handitovertotheprope?rautho?ritie?s.”Priva?cyadvoc?atesfearthatifthegover?nment?reque?stisuphel?d,itwillopenthedoortofurth?ergover?nment?exami?natio?nofsearc?hbehav?ior.Onesolut?ionwould?beforGoogl?etostopstori?ngtheinfor?matio?n,butthecompa?nyhopes?toevent?ually?usetheperso?nalinfor?matio?nofconse?nting?custo?merstoimpro?vesearc?hperfo?rmanc?e.“Searc?hisawindo?wintopeopl?e’sperso?nalit?ies,”saysKurtOpsah?l,anElect?ronic?Front?ierFound?ation?attor?ney.“Theyshoul?dbeabletotakeadvan?tageoftheInter?netwitho?utworry?ingabout?BigBroth?erlooki?ngovertheir?shoul?ders.”Part3:Answe?ringQuest?ions.Passa?geA[題目來源]選自《商業周刊》2004年?3月29日?的專題文章?“歐洲退休金?危機”。[全篇譯文]本月初在德?國，數以百萬的?老人從健康?與社會保障?部收到了一?份通知。這份通知給?這個福利國?家以毀滅性?的打擊——老人們的退?休金被削減?。這是為了控?制德國日益?膨脹的養老?金危機而采?取的縮小收?支差距的措?施。毫不意外，老人們并不?樂意接受這?一改變。例如，今年67歲?的銀行退休?柜員薩賓韋?特澤爾被告?知，她的退休金?減少了1%，即12.3美元，被削減到1?156.2美元。“這太讓人震?驚了，”她說道，“過去我的退?休金都是只?升不降的。”還有更糟糕?的消息。3月11日?，德國下議院?通過了一項?議案——到2020?年，逐步將養老?金從現在平?均工資的5?3%降到46%，而自二戰以?來，德國政府養?老金一直穩?步增長。不僅德國是?這樣，歐洲許多國?家都競相削?減養老金福?利。意大利政府?計劃將最低?退休年齡從?57歲提高?到60歲，法國政府將?公務員享受?全額退休金?的工作年限?從37.5年提高到?40年。盡管面臨著?來自工會、左翼黨派和?退休者聯盟?的強硬反對?，改革仍即將?到來。原因很簡單?：歐洲人越來?越高壽，且子女越來?越少。到2030?年，每位退休者?僅由兩名工?作者供養，而2000?年則是由四?人供養。隨著越來越?少的年輕工?人為這個體?系付錢，退休金削減?旨在填補不?斷擴大的財?政虧空。今年，僅德國的收?支差額就可?能突破10?0億美元。德國衛生和?社會保障部?部長烏拉施?密特說道：“今后，人們只靠退?休金將不足?以維持退休?前的生活水?平。”意大利財政?部長特雷蒙?蒂也說道：“國家福利造?成了出生率?和死亡率都?過低。”當然，人們在多年?前就預測了?這一狀況。像英國、荷蘭等國家?的應對措施?，是讓個人及?雇主承擔更?多的養老金?責任，但許多歐洲?政府遲遲不?采取行動。如今，資金的迅速?消耗迫使他?們不得不采?取應對措施?。在德法兩國?，國家資助的?養老金占國?內生產總值?的12%，這一數字在?意大利為1?5%，比二十年前?增長了兩個?百分點。養老金占歐?盟政府開銷?的21%。相比之下，美國的社保?支出僅占國?內生產總值?的4.8%。不斷上升的?養老金開銷?已嚴重損害?歐洲主要國?家的財政緊?縮政策。“各國政府不?得不把養老?金改革作為?重中之重。”歐盟委員會?負責經濟和?金融事務的?副主任安東?尼奧·卡布拉爾說?道。令人擔憂的?還有養老金?對私營部門?的惡劣影響?。在德國，企業在養老?金方面的支?出占總支出?的19.5%，這加重了歐?洲本已非常?昂貴的勞動?力成本。這反過來不?僅削弱了制?造商的競爭?力，也使得失業?率居高不下?。科隆經濟研?究所指出，德國去年的?福利支出占?工資總額的?41.7%，而十年前僅?為37.4%。法國水泥制?造商拉法基?說，1.21億元的?養老金花費?使去年的營?業利潤下降?了9%。為了應對這?一危機，德國和多數?歐盟成員國?通過優惠稅?額鼓勵員工?將錢投入私?人養老金項?目。但即使私人?養老金變得?更受歡迎，歐洲政府仍?需提高最低?退休年齡并?降低公共養?老金。盡管當今的?老年人對福?利削減滿腹?怨氣，但他們的后?代在回憶父?母的退休金?時或許只有?羨慕的份了?。Passa?geB[題目來源]選自《國際新聞周?刊》2000年?12月25?日的文章“懷舊熱潮”。[全篇譯文]過去一切都?和糕點息息?相關。對于馬塞爾?·普魯斯特來?說，最難忘的回?憶是去一家?名為“母親”的小店喝茶?吃瑪德琳蛋?糕——這讓他浮想?聯翩，最終創作出?了關于回憶?和懷舊的名?作《追憶似水年?華》。現今，人們并非一?定要回憶過?去，但是忘掉過?去你就無法?前進。在這樣一個?技術快速發?展的時代，為什么人們?都在懷念過?去呢？牛津英語詞?典對“懷舊”的第一個解?釋是“急切地想回?到熟悉的環?境，嚴重的思鄉?之情。”電腦系統每?18個月提?速一倍，網絡規模每?9個月擴展?一倍——難怪我們向?往曾經熟悉?的場景。由于信息時?代的基石不?斷變動，那些持久的?東西就變得?珍貴起來。“人們在追尋?貨真價實的?東西”邁凱倫說道?。而問題在于?，懷舊這一概?念已經市場?化、人口化、科技化。“懷舊已不是?過去的意義?了。”紐約博斯·艾倫與漢密?爾頓公司的?高級合伙人?邁克爾·J·沃爾夫說道?。嬰兒潮一代?構成了懷舊?市場的核心?。美國人口統?計學家把出?生于194?6到196?4年的人定?義為嬰兒潮?一代，他們高壽且?生活殷實。在歐美，他們依舊是?廣告人員青?睞的對象，他們的過去?變成了每個?人的現在。在一項關于?“娛樂印象”的研究中，兩位美國市?場學教授羅?伯特·辛德勒和莫?里斯·霍爾布魯克?，對年齡介于?16道86?歲的人做了?一項調查，問他們最喜?歡過去哪一?首流行樂？調查發現，一個人24?歲左右流行?的音樂最受?歡迎，而且喜愛的?程度向年齡?兩端遞減。毫無疑問，微軟熟知“娛樂印象”這一概念，至少熟知懷?舊情結。它最新的瀏?覽器聲音就?是來自西蒙?和加芬克爾?的《家的方向》，正如發布W?indow?s98時用的?是滾石樂隊?的《立即出發》。嬰兒潮一代?對他們二十?多歲時的這?兩首歌記憶?深刻。如果說嬰兒?潮一代珍視?回憶，流亡者也一?樣。據國際移民?組織統計，如今超過1?.5億人生活?在出生地以?外的地區，這個數字比?1965年?翻了一番。這個大規模?移民源于暴?政和歐洲的?護照自由政?策。但流亡者和?難民有一點?相同：背井離鄉。在谷歌里輸?入“思鄉”，首先跳出的?一個網站是?關于伊朗人?的思鄉之情?。這個網站專?為流亡在外?的伊朗人而?設。這些伊朗人?大多是在1?978年的?伊斯蘭革命?之后被迫流?亡在外。一個地址是?alibr?的二?手書網站或?許將懷舊情?結發揮到了?極致。它的特色是?幫助客戶尋?找丟失多年?的舊書。梅森·約翰寫了一?篇文章，關于尋找一?本有關“Kicka?poo歡樂?果汁”的書。這個果汁是?他年輕時的?良藥。網絡不僅僅?使懷舊之路?變得便利，而且還促進?了這一現象?。網絡拍賣行?促進了經典?物品市場的?發展——從大理石到?蘋果公司的?麥金托什機?（Mac）。尖端技術是?有時效的，但它有自己?的懷舊價值?。去年在舊金?山的拍賣會?上，一位英國收?藏家花18?,000美元?拍下了原價?666美元?的蘋果I代?。“麥金托什機?的Micr?osoft?Multi?plan是?有歷史價值?的！”在懷舊問答?網站上，一些疑惑可?以得到解答?，比如“過去，阿爾塔維斯?塔用的是哪?個url？”不銘記歷史?的人注定會?重蹈覆轍，或許娛樂巨?頭正是這么?希望的。明年，他們要將重?播70年代?的熱播劇，如“霹靂嬌娃”和“史酷比”，讓看后忘記?的那代人重?溫。不要因為錯?過了“吹牛老爹”的歌曲或“黑道家族”的插曲而驚?慌，因為如今的?打榜歌曲注?定會變成2?020年的?懷舊金曲。“未來品牌”公司的顧問?克里斯托弗?·努克說道：“我向你保證?，麥當娜的音?樂將用來賣?一切的東西?。上帝保佑！我希望它不?會用來賣保?險。”這是有可能?的。當我們在過?去遨游時，沒有什么好?吃驚。Part4:Writi?ng.WhatChang?eWould?WeIntro?duceIntothePrese?ntEduca?tionSyste?mAsagradu?atefromcolle?ge,Ihaverecei?vedmorethan15years?’forma?leduca?tioninChina?,rangi?ngfromprima?ry,secon?darytohighe?reduca?tion.Onmywayofintel?lectu?algrowt?h,whatimpre?ssesmemostisavarie?tyofpopquizz?es,midte?rms,final?s,andnatio?nalexams?.Asourabili?tiesaremostmeasu?redbyexams?resul?tsintheprese?nteduca?tionsitua?tion,theexamformandeffec?tiven?essareofgreat?conce?rntome.IfIcould?makesomechang?e,Iwould?sugge?stthatthemulti?ple-choic?etestshoul?dnotbewidel?yusedatschoo?l.First?ofall,themulti?ple-choic?etestmakes?itconve?nient?forstude?ntstocheat?.Whenstude?ntsjustneedtoanswe?rbycheck?ingafewlette?rsordrawi?ngafewcircl?es,stude?ntscancopytheir?neigh?bors’answe?rwithmuchease.Evenifteach?erssepar?atethematmuchdista?nce,stude?ntscanstill?inven?tsecre?tcodes?topassthemessa?ge.Forexamp?le,somestude?ntsusedtoadmit?thattheyhavemadesuchasyste?m:touch?ingforeh?andmeans?A,touch?ingeyesmeans?B,touch?ingnosemeans?C,andtouch?ingmouth?orchins?means?D.There?isnosense?ingivin?gatestifstude?ntscanshare?their?answe?rssoeasil?y.Secon?dly,themulti?ple-choic?etestencou?rages?guess?ing.Accor?dingtothelawofpossi?bilit?y,ifthere?arefourchoic?esforaquest?ion,thentheproba?bilit?yofgetti?ngtheright?answe?rbyrando?mguess?ingwillbeashighas25perce?nt.Evenifaperso?nisabsol?utely?ignor?antoftheknowl?edgeofthatsubje?ct,whentakin?gthemulti?ple-choic?etest,hewillpossi?blygetaroun?d25perce?ntofright?answe?rsonlybyguess?ing.Whatismore,somet?imestheteach?erswhoarenotsowelltrain?edindesig?ningtestpaper?smayusesomechoic?esthatareobvio?uslywrong?,andthismakes?theguess?ingeveneasie?r.Becau?seofthischara?cteri?stic,somestude?ntsjustrelyonluckinste?adofhardworktopassexam.Atestisequal?lymeani?ngles?sifitturns?stude?ntsintooppor?tunis?tsrathe?rthanlearn?ers.Lastl?yandmostimpor?tantl?y,themulti?ple-choic?etestcanno?tacces?smanyoftheimpor?tantskill?sthataretaugh?t.Becau?seitjustrequi?resstude?ntstomakechoic?es,thistestformcanonlyevalu?atestude?nts’abili?tytorecog?nizecerta?ininfor?matio?n,butnottheir?abili?tytoanaly?zeandprodu?ceinfor?matio?n.Butthelatte?rskill?sarejustequal?ly,ifnotmore,impor?tantthantheskill?oftelli?ngright?fromwrong?.So,ahighscore?inmulti?ple-choic?etestdoesnotguara?nteerealgreat?abili?tyinsolvi?ngrealprobl?ems.Withsuchashort?-comin?g,wemayagain?quest?ionthefrequ?entuseofthistestforma?t.Admit?tedly?,themulti?ple-choic?etestcanbring?usscori?ngeffic?iency?andaccur?acy,buttheabove?analy?sisindic?atesthatitisneith?erflawl?essnoreffec?tiveinmanyways.There?fore,weshoul?dremem?beritsdefec?tsandlimit?theuseofitsothatstude?ntscanbefairy?andscien?tific?allyevalu?ated.2014年?考研專業課?復習安排及?方法問題一：專業課復習?的復習進度?及內容安排?回答一：專業課的復?習通常在9?月或者更早?就要開始了?，集中復習一?般放在11?月－12月左右?。在復習的初?期主要是對?課程的大致?內容進行了?解，大概要拿出?一個月的時?間對所有的?內容進行一?下梳理，最好所有的?章節的大概?內容都在腦?中留有印象?，然后再結合?歷年試題，掌握命題的?重點，把考過的知?識點以及考?過幾遍都在?書上做出標?記，把這些作為?復習的重點?。接下來的就?是熟記階段?，這個階段大?概要持續兩?個月的時間?。在這段日子?里要通過反?復的背記來?熟練掌握專?業課的知識?，理清知識脈?絡。專業課的輔?導班也通常?會設在10?月初或者1?1月，如果報了補?習班，可以趁這個?機會檢驗一?下自己的復?習結果，并且進一步?加強對知識?點的印象。在面對繁多?的復習內容?的時候，運用行之有?效的復習方?法是非常重?要的。考研最后沖?刺的一個月?里，要對考試的?重點以及歷?年試題的答?題要點做進?一步的熟練?。并用幾份歷?年試題進行?一下模擬，掌握考試時?的答題進度?。專業課的命?題非常靈活?，有的題在書?上找不到即?成的答案，為了避免所?答非所問，除了自己總?結答案之外?，還要查閱一?下筆記或者?輔導書上是?否有答案，或者直接去?找命題、授課的老師?進行咨詢，這樣得來的?答案可信度?也最高。在和老師咨?詢的過程中?，除了能夠獲?得試題的回?答要點，更重要是能?夠從中掌握?分析試題的?方法，掌握如何運?用已掌握的?知識來正確?的回答問題?，這才是最為?重要的。問題二：專業課復習?中需要獲得?的資料和信?息以及這些?資料和信息?的獲取方法?回答二：1.專業課復習?中需要獲得?的資料和信?息專業課的?資料主要包?括專業輔導?書、課程筆記、輔導班筆記?以及最重要?的歷年試題?(因為畢竟是?考上的學長?學姐整理經?驗和教訓都?有的)。如果這些都?搜集全的話?，就可以踏踏?實實的開始?復習了。專業輔導書?是復習的出?發點，所有的考試?的內容都是?來源如此，但是通常專?業輔導書都?是又多又厚?的，所以要使我?們復習的效?率最大化，就要運用筆?記和歷年試?題把書本讀?薄。如前所述，專業課試題?的重點基本?上不會有太?大的變動，所以仔細研?究歷年試題?可以幫助我?們更快的掌?握出題點和?命題思路，并根據這些?重點有的放?矢的進行復?習，這樣可以節?省很多復習?的時間。2.專業課資料?和信息的來?源考研時各?種各樣的信?息，如輔導班，參考書，以及最新的?考研動態，并不是一個?人就能顧及?到的，在一些大的?考研網站上?雖然可以獲?得一些信息?，但