Module6Unit2Poems徐琴琴Teachingaimsanddemands類別課程標準要求掌握的項目詞匯四會詞匯Convey,concrete,contradictory,flexible,salty,endless,minimum,translation,branch,eventually,transform,sorrow,librarian,appropriate,exchange,darkness,warmth,scholarship,pianist,violinist２．認讀詞匯Poetry,tick,rhyme,convey,emotion,nursery,repetition,hush,mockingbird,diamond,brass,pattern,cottage,coffin,sparrow,kitten,cinquain,tease,droop,dread,haiku,syllable,melt,brimful,await,revolve,bare,forever,section,diploma,sponsor,blank,compass,bride,bridegroom,championship,load3.詞組Takeiteasy,runoutof,bemadeupof,inparticular,tryout,letout語法Subjunctivemood（II）重點句子1.Therearevariousreasonswhypeoplewritepoetry.2.Somepoemstellastoryordescribesomethinginawaythatwillgivethereaderastrongimpression.3.SomeofthefirstpoetryayoungchildlearnsinEnglishisnurseryrhymes.4.Listpoemshaveaflexiblelinelengthandrepeatedphraseswhichgivebothapatternandarhythmtothepoem.5.Itistowriteand,likethecinquain,cangiveaclearpictureandcreateaspecialfeelingusingtheminimumofwords.6.Withsomanydifferentformsofpoetrytochoosefrom,studentsmayeventuallywanttowritepoemsoftheirown.教學設計Period1:Warmingup,Pre-reading&ReadingPeriod2:LanguagepointsPeriod3:DiscoveringusefulstructuresPeriod4:UsinglanguagePeriod5：Summingup&AssessmentPeriod1Warmingup,Pre-reading&ReadingTeachingAimsTocultivatestudents’interestofpoetryandimprovetheirreadingskills.TeachingImportant&DifficultPointsHowtohelpthestudentstograspandrememberthedetailedinformationofthereadingmaterial.Teachingaids:ataperecorder,aprojector,SlidesandPicturesTeachingProcedureStep1Warmingup1.Doyourememberanypoemsyouhavereadinhighschool,eitherinChineseorinEnglish?2.Discussthereasonswhypeoplewritepoems.Step2Pre-readingSkimthepoemsinthetextandtickthecorrectboxesforeachquestion.P9Step3ReadingTask1Fast-readingReadthepassagequicklyandchoosethebestanswers.(1)Howmanykindsofpoemsdoesthepassagetalkabout?DA.8.B.7.C.6.D.5.(2)PoemAisabout________.CA.afatherwhoisgoingtobuyhisbabyabilly-goatB.afatherwhoisgoingtobuyhisbabyamockingbirdC.afatherwhoshowshisloveforhisbabyD.afatherwhoisgoingtobuyhisbabyadiamondring(3)Whichtwopoemshaverhyminglines?AA.PoemsAandB.B.PoemsCandD.C.PoemsEandF.D.PoemsGandH.(4)Whichpoemsgiveyouclearpicturesinyourmind?BA.PoemsAandC.B.PoemsFandG.C.PoemsBandD.D.PoemsEandH.(5)ThereasonwhytheplayersinPoemClostthegameisthat________.DA.theystayeduptoolatethenightbeforeB.theydidn’thavethousandsoffansscreamingC.theyranoutofenergyD.theydidn’tplaywellenoughTask2Careful-reading1.Readthepassagecarefullyandfilltheblanks.FormsofPoemsCharacteristicsNurseryrhymes·Concretebut(1)___________language·Strong(2)_______andalotofrepetition·Easytolearnand(3)_____Listpoems·A(4)_______linelength·RepeatedphrasesCinquain·Easytowrite·Madeupof(5)____lines·(6)________astrongpictureinjustafewwordsHaiku·AJapaneseformofpoetry·Madeupof(7)___syllables·Easytowrite·Givesaclear(8)_______·(9)_______aspecialfeelinginjustafewwordsTangpoemsAlotofTangpoetryhasbeen(10)_________intoEnglish.Answers:imaginative;rhythm;recite;flexible;five;conveys;17;picture;creates;translated2.Readthepassageagainandanswerthequestions.(1)Whatisthemainideaofthereadingpassage?(2)Whatarethesimilaritiesbetweenthecinquainandhaiku?(3)WhatisthestorythatPoemHtells?Answers:1.ItisaboutsomesimpleformsofEnglishpoems.2.Theyareeasytowrite.Bothofthemshowclearpicturestoreadersandconveyaspecialfeeling.3.PoemHtellsusaboutawomanwhowaitedforherbelovedhusbandtocomebackfromajourney.Step4HomeworkReviewthetextandpayattentiontosomekeywords,phrases,andsentences.Period2LanguagepointsTeachingAimsTolearnsomenewwordsandphrases.Tomasterthemainideaofeachparagraph.Tolearnsomecomplicatedsentencepatterns.TeachingImportantPointHowtohelpthestudentstomastertheusageofsomeusefulwords,expressionsandsentences.TeachingDifficultPointHowtoenablethestudentstograspandrememberthedetailedinformationofthereadingmaterial.TeachingProcedure:Step1ReviewChecktheanswerstotheEX.1-3onPage12inthetextbookStep2Languagepoints1.conveyvt.傳達；表達；運送；轉讓Otherstrytoconveycertainemotions.有些(詩)則是為了傳達某種感情。Pipesconveyhotwaterfromtheboilertotheradiators.管道把熱水從鍋爐輸送到散熱器里。Passengersareconveyedbybustotheairport.旅客們被公共汽車送往機場。conveysb.向某人傳達/運送某物conveysth./sb.tosomeplace把某物/某人送到某地conveysb./sth.fromAtoB把某人或某物從A地運送到B地conveyone'sfeelings/thanks/wishestosb.向某人表達某種感情/謝意/祝愿Yourluggagewillbeconveyedtothehotelbytaxi.出租車會將你的行李送到酒店。Pleaseconveymybestwishestoher.請代我向她表達最美好的祝愿。完成句子1.言語無法表達我對她有多么得生氣。____________howangryIamwithher.2.這些管道將天然氣從公司輸送到城市的每個角落。Thepipes________naturalgas________everycornerofthecityfromthecompany.【答案】Wordscannotconveyconvey；to2．concreteadj.具體的n．混凝土Thelanguageisconcretebutimaginative，andtheydelightsmallchildrenbecausetheyrhyme，havestrongrhythmandalotofrepetition.(教材P10)童謠的語言具體但富有想象力，這能使小孩子們快樂，因為它們押韻，節奏感強，并有較多重復。Itiseasiertothinkinconcretetermsratherthanintheabstract.結合具體的事物來思考要比抽象思考容易些。Thesebuildingsaremadeofconcreteandsteel.這些建筑物是由混凝土和鋼金鑄成的。abstractadj.抽象的concretelyadv.具體地Concretely，thismeantthathehadfailed.具體地說，這就意味著他失敗了。Wemaytalkofbeautifulthingsbutbeautyitselfisabstract.我們盡可談論美的事情，但美本身卻是抽象的。3．contradictoryadj.引起矛盾的；好反駁的Thepoemsmaynotmakesenseandevenseemcontradictory，buttheyareeasytolearnandrecite.(教材P10)這些詩可能沒有什么意義，甚至(有些)看來自相矛盾，但是它們容易學，也容易背。Wearefacedwithtwoapparentlycontradictorystatements.我們面前這兩種說法顯然是矛盾的。TheadviceIreceivedwasoftencontradictory.我所得到的建議常常是相互矛盾的。contradictvt.反駁；駁斥；批駁contradictionn．(事實，看法，行動等的)不一致，矛盾，對立in(direct)contradictiontosth.與某事相反，和某事背道而馳Alltheeveningherhusbandcontradictedeverythingshesaid.整個晚上她說什么丈夫都跟她拌嘴。Thetwostoriescontradicteachother.這兩種說法相互抵觸。Thereisacontradictionbetweenthetwosetsoffigures.這兩組數據相互矛盾。用contradictory的適當形式填空①Whatyousaidandwhatyoudidseemed________．②You'vejust________yourselfabouttheproblem.③Hispublicspeechesarein________tohispersonallifestyle.【答案】①contradictory②contradicted③contradiction4．flexibleadj.靈活的；可彎曲的Listpoemshaveaflexiblelinelengthandrepeatedphraseswhichgivebothapatternandarhythmtothepoem.(教材P10)“清單詩”詩句的長短比較靈活且有重復的短語，這就形成了這種詩的模式和節奏。Thistubeisflexiblebuttough.這管子柔軟但很堅固。flexiblyadv.靈活地flexibilityn．靈活性；柔韌性；適應性Computersofferamuchgreaterdegreeofflexibilityinthewayworkisorganized.利用計算機，工作安排可以靈活得多。Hedealtwiththematterflexibly.他靈活地處理了這件事情。[拓展]許多形容詞后加－ity構成抽象名詞。如reality，popularity，similarity等。但以－ble結尾的形容詞通常變為－bility.如able→abilitypossible→possibilitystable→stabilityresponsible→responsibility完成句子①你從哪天開始，(時間上)我們可以靈活一點。Wecan______________yourstartingdate.②伸展運動會增加身體柔韌性。Stretchingexerciseswill______________．③你的業余時間可以靈活運用。Yoursparetimecan______________．【答案】①beflexibleabout②helpyourflexibility③beusedflexibly5．Somerhyme(likeB)whileothersdonot(likeC)．(教材P10)有些清單詩押韻(如B)，有些不押韻(如C)。while用作并列連詞，表對比，意為“而，然而”。Helikespopmusic，whileIamfondoffolkmusic.他喜歡流行音樂，而我喜歡民間音樂。①while用作從屬連詞，引導時間狀語從句，意為“在……期間，當……的時候”。從句中的謂語動詞通常是延續性動詞。②while用作從屬連詞，引導讓步狀語從句，意為“雖然，盡管”，相當于though。③while用作從屬連詞，引導條件狀語從句，意為“只要”，相當于aslongas。Pleasedon'ttalksoloudlywhileothersareworking.別人在工作時請不要高聲談話。Whilesherespectedhermathsteacher，shedidn'tlikehim.雖然她尊重她的數學老師，但是她不喜歡他。Whilethereislifethereishope.只要生命存在，就有希望。6．takeiteasy放松；不緊張；從容ifwehadn'ttakeniteasy...(教材P10)如果我們沒有放松警惕……Thedoctortoldmetotakeiteasyandnottoworrytoomuch.醫生告訴我放松點，別太擔心了。Takeiteasy；youaresuretosucceed.放心好了，你一定會成功的。takethingseasy＝takeiteasytakeone'stime別著急；慢慢來takesth.seriously認真對待某事take...forgranted認為……想當然take...forexample以……為例I'dliketotakeit/thingseasywhenonholiday.度假時，我愿意輕松些。Itookitforgrantedthatyouknewthefact.我認為你應當知道那個事實。takeit/thingseasy，takeone'stimetakeit/thingseasy指在心理上“別緊張”、“別著急”，相當于don'tbenervoustakeone'stime指在時間上不用慌張，因為There'senoughtimeleft.Hetoldmetotakethingseasyandstopworkingsohard.他勸我放松一下，工作不要過于勞累。Thereisnohurry；takeyourtime.不用急，慢慢來吧。7．runout(of)用完；耗盡；失效；過期ifwehadn'trunoutofenergy...(教材P10)如果我們沒有精疲力竭……Ifhehadn'trunoutofmoney，hewouldhaveboughtit.如果他不花光錢的話，他就會買的。Mypassporthasrunout.我的護照已經到期了。sth.giveout用完；精疲力竭useupsth.用完；消耗盡WhenIcameback，hisbeerhadbeenusedup.當我回來時，他的啤酒已喝完了。TheytoldMumthattheirmoneysoongaveout/ranout.他們告訴媽媽他們的錢很快就用完了。8．Andsaidthoughstrangetheyallweretrue.(教材P10)雖然奇怪，但它們都是真的。thoughstrange是省略句，在句中充當讓步狀語，相當于thoughtheywerestrange。Thoughcoldandhungry，theywouldn'tgiveup.盡管又冷又餓，但他們不愿放棄。狀語從句的省略是高考中的常考點，解題時要注意以下幾點：①狀語從句的省略須同時具備下列兩個條件：主句和從句的主語一致，或從句主語為it；從句謂語動詞是be的某種形式。②狀語從句省略時要把從句的主語和動詞be一起省略。If(itis)possible，hewillhelpyououtofthedifficulty.如果可能的話，他會幫你擺脫困境。Hewon'tgottherewithusunless(heis)invited.除非受到邀請，否則他不會和我們一道去那里。9．bemadeupof由……構成Anothersimpleformofpoemthatstudentscaneasilywriteisthecinquain，apoemmadeupoffivelines.(教材P10)另一種學生容易寫的簡單詩體是五行詩，一種由五行組成的詩。Themedicalteamismadeupoffivedoctorsandtennurses.這支醫療隊由五個醫生和十個護士組成。makeup構成；組成；編造；化妝；補上makeupforsth.彌補makeout理解；辨認出makeit獲得成功；準時到達makeforsth.向……移動；促成……bemadeof由……制成(看出原料的樣子)bemadefrom由……制成(看不出原材料的樣子)12doctorsmadeupthemedicalteam.十二名醫生組成了這支醫療隊。Wecanmakeitwithinhalfanhour.我們半小時就能趕到。表示“由……組成”的短語還有：becomposedof和consistof(無被動語態)注意：當它們作后置定語時consistof要用現在分詞，另外兩個用過去分詞，如Apeaceteamconsistingof/composedof/madeupoftensoldiersandanofficerwassenttoAfrica.一支由十名戰士和一名軍官組成的維和部隊被派往非州。完成句子當我們到達時，演員們正在化妝。Theactors________________whenwearrived.那一個周末補償了我曾有過的一切失望。Thatoneweekend________________allthedisappointmentsI'dhad.【答案】weremakingupmadeupfor10．inparticular尤其；特別DidyouknowthatEnglishspeakersalsoenjoyotherformsofAsianpoetry－TangpoemsfromChinainparticular？(教材P11)你知道嗎？說英語的人也喜歡其他類型的亞洲詩，尤其是中國的唐詩。Ilikeallthefourseasons，springinparticular.我喜歡所有這四個季節，尤其是春天。particularly＝inparticular特別；尤其beparticularabout對……講究；挑剔beparticularto為……所特有Sheisparticularaboutwhatshewears.她對穿戴很講究。Asisknowntoall，pandasareparticulartoChina.眾所周知，熊貓是中國特有的。Ricegrowswellinourcounty，particularlyinourvillage.我們縣里的稻谷長得不錯，我們村的尤其好。完成句子你今晚有什么特別的事要做嗎？Areyoudoinganything________tonight?現在有些孩子非常挑食。Somechildren____________theirfoodnow.這種衣服是國王特有的。Thiskindofclothes____________theking.【答案】inparticular;areparticularabout;isparticularto11．transformvi.&vt.轉化；轉換；改造；變換Neverlookingback，Transformedintostone.(教材P11)化為石，不回頭。Gettingthatnewjobhascompletelytransformedher.她得到了那份新工作后，人全變了。Theeducationalsystemsweretransformedalot，buttheloadsofthestudentsarestillveryheavy.盡管教育制度得到了很大的改革，但是學生的負擔仍然很重。transformAintoB把A變成Btransformsth.fromAtoB使……從A變成Btransformationn．改變；改革Theprocessistotransforminformationfromoneformtoanother.這個過程是將信息從一種形式變換為另一種形式。Inonly20yearsthecountryhasbeentransformedintoanadvancedindustrialpower.這個國家只用了20年就變成了一個先進的工業強國。Inrecentyearshisideashaveundergoneacompletetransformation.近年來他的觀念發生了徹底的改變。trans－(是前綴，意為＝from...to)＋from(形態)從一種形態到另一種形態→transform轉化；轉換transplant移植，transport運輸；運送transfer移交，轉移，translate翻譯完成句子①他們把他們的房間改成了旅館。Theyhave________theirrooms________ahotel.②這家公司已由一個家庭企業變為一個國家運作機構。Thecompany________afamilybusiness________astateoperation.【答案】①transformed；into②hasbeentransformedfrom；into12．Withsomanydifferentformsofpoetrytochoosefrom，studentsmayeventuallywanttowritepoemsoftheirown.(教材P11)有了這么多可供選擇的詩歌類型，學生們最終也許想自己作詩了。(1)句中的withsomanydifferentformsofpoetrytochoosefrom為with的復合結構作狀語。“with＋賓語＋賓語補足語”這一復合結構在句子中一般作狀語，表示原因、方式、條件等；也可以作后置定語。(1)with＋賓語＋名詞Withafaceallsmileshetoldusthathehadpassedthecollegeentranceexamination.他滿臉笑容地告訴我們他通過了大學入學考試。(2)with＋賓語＋形容詞Tomalwayssleepswithhiseyesopen.湯姆總是睜著眼睛睡覺。(3)with＋賓語＋副詞Tomstoodbeforetheteacherwithhisheaddown.湯姆低著頭站在老師面前。(4)with＋賓語＋介詞短語Doyouknowthewomanwithachildinherarms?你認識那個抱孩子的婦女嗎？(5)with＋賓語＋不定式Withtheoldmantoleadus，we'llhavenodifficultygoingthroughtheforest.有這位老人領著我們，我們將會毫不費力地穿過森林。(6)with＋賓語＋現在分詞Withtheoldmanleadingus，wehadnotroublefindinghishouse.有這位老人領著我們，我們沒有費勁就找到了他的家。(7)with＋賓語＋過去分詞Themanwasbroughtinwithhishandstiedbehindhisback.那個男人被帶了進來，雙手被綁在背后。(2)eventuallyadv.最后；終于Hefellillandeventuallydied.他得了病，最后去世了。PeriodⅢLearningaboutLanguage1．appropriateadj.適當的；正當的；合適的Matchthebeginningofeachsentencewiththeappropriateending.(教材P13)進行適當的連線搭配。Themovieisappropriateforchildrenaged12andover.這部電影適合12歲以上的孩子觀看。beappropriatefor對……合適itisappropriatefordosth.適合某人做某事itisappropriatethat...……是合適的(從句中要使用虛擬語氣“should＋動詞原形”，should可以省略。Theyadoptedappropriatemeasures.他們采取了恰當的措施。Itisappropriatethatyou(should)bepolite.你講禮貌是合適的。Itisnotappropriateforyoutoleavenow.你現在離開不合適。完成句子①正式聚會上穿牛仔褲不合適。Jeansare________________．②我現在來討論那件事不合時宜。Itwouldnot________________．③這個時候提錢的問題正合適。Itisan________________．【答案】①notappropriateforaformalparty②beappropriateformetodiscussthatnow/beappropriatethatIshoulddiscussthatnow③appropriatetimetomentionmoneynow2．exchangen．交換；交流；互換vt.&vi.調換；交換Iftherehadnotbeenanexchangeprogramme，hewouldnothavefoundasponsortohelphimstudyabroad.(教材P13)如果沒有這個交流項目，他也不會找到幫他到國外留學的贊助者。We'llhaveanopportunitytoexchangeviewstomorrow.明天我們將有機會交換看法。inexchangefor作為對……的交換have/makeanexchangeof...交換……exchangeAforB把A兌換成Bexchangesb.與某人交流/交換某物Ishookhandsandexchangedafewwordswiththemanager.我與經理握了握手，并交談了幾句。Youcanexchangeyourcurrencyfordollarsinthehotel.你可以在旅館里將你的現金換成美元。I'veofferedtopaintthekitcheninexchangeforaweek'saccommodation.我提出愿意粉刷廚房，條件是免費住一周。完成句子①約翰與瑪麗交換禮物。John________________________．②他給了我一個蘋果，換一塊蛋糕。Hegavemeanapple________________．③他把那件黑夾克換成了藍色的。Heexchanged__________________．【答案】①exchangedgiftswithMary②inexchangeforacake③theblackjacketforablueone3．blankn．空白；空格adj.空白的；茫然的I'mtryingtothinkofhisname，butmymind'sacompleteblank.我努力地去想他的名字，但我頭腦里一片空白。Shelookedatmewithablankexpression.她毫無表情地看著我。fillintheblank填空blankcheque空白支blankface/look/expression毫無表情goblank變得一片空白Suddenlythescreenwentblack.屏幕突然變成一片空白。完成句子①在空白欄中寫上你的名字。Writeyourname________________．②你填好表格以后把它交還給我。Whenyouhave________________，handtheformbacktome.③突然我腦子里一片空白。Suddenly，mymind________________．【答案】①intheblank②filledintheblanks③wentblankStep3Homework《世紀金榜》Period3DiscoveringusefulstructuresTeachingaimsEnablethestudentstomastertheusageoftheSubjunctivemood.TeachingimportantpointsHowtoenablethestudentstoknowthestructureandtheusageoftheSubjunctivemood.TeachingdifficultpointsHowtohelpthestudentstomastertheusageoftheSubjunctivemood.TeachingproceduresRevision1.虛擬語氣在if條件狀語從句中的用法設類型條件從句謂語

動詞形式主語謂語

動詞形式與現在事實相反動詞的過去式(be用were而不用was)should/would/could/might+動詞原形與過去事實相反had+過去分詞should/would/could/might+have+過去分詞與將來事實相反should+動詞原形動詞過去式to+動詞原形should/would/could/might+動詞原形2.Wish引導的賓語從句與現在

事實相反過去時（were）與過去事實相反had+過去分詞與將來

事實相反would/could/might+動詞原形3.表示要求,命令,建議的虛擬語氣一個堅持___________兩個命令_____________三個建議_____________四個要求____________Keys：1).insist2).order,command3).advise,suggest,andpropose4).demand,require,request,desire這些動詞后面的賓語從句要使用虛擬語氣用法。即從句中的動詞使用should+動詞原形,或者將should省略。Thedoctorsuggestedthathe(should)trytolosehisweight.Heinsistedthatwe(should)tellhimthenews.Step2Grammar1．錯綜時間條件句在錯綜時間條件句中，條件狀語從句表示的行為和主句表示的行為發生的時間不一致，因此動詞的形式要根據它所表示的時間作出相應的調整。Ifyouhadlistenedtothedoctor，youwouldbeallrightnow.如果你當初聽醫生的話，現在你已經好了。(從句說明過去，主句說明現在)IfIwereyou，Iwouldhavetakenheradvice.如果我是你，我就接受她的建議。(從句說明現在，主句說明過去)2．虛擬語氣的其他用法(1)Itis(high/about)timethat...中的that從句用虛擬語氣。從句謂語用過去時或“should＋動詞原形”，should不可省略。Itishightimethatwehadsupper.我們該吃晚飯了。(2)Itisimportant(necessary，essential，strange，apity等)that...中的that從句用虛擬語氣。從句謂語用“(should＋)動詞原形”或“shouldhave＋過去分詞”。Itisimportantthatwe(should)workhard.我們努力工作很重要。ItisnecessarythatI(should)returnitnow.我有必要馬上把它還回去。Itisapitythatheshouldhavefailedintheexam.他考試竟沒有及格，真是遺憾。(3)與表示請求、建議、命令、要求等意義的詞相關的主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句中，常用“should＋動詞原形”，should可省略。Hegavetheadvicethatwe(should)dotheworkcarefully.他建議我們認真做這項工作。Itissuggestedthatweshouldstartbeforesunset.(人們)建議我們日落前出發。(4)asif/though引導的從句用虛擬語氣時，從句謂語形式：eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(對過去虛擬：haddone,對現在虛擬：一般過去時（be→were）,對將來虛擬：would/could/should/might＋do))Hetalkedasifhehadknownit.他談起來好像已知道此事。(5)在ifonly引導的感嘆句中也要求用虛擬語氣，表示愿望。用一般過去時或“would/could＋動詞原形”，表示與現在或未來事實相反的愿望；用過去完成時表示與過去事實相反的愿望，常譯為“要是……就好了”。IfonlyIwereaflyingbird!如果我是一只飛鳥該多好啊！IfonlyIhadseenthefilm!如果我看過那部電影該多好啊！Step3HomeworkPeriod4UsingLanguageTeachingaimsEnablethestudentstounderstandthepoemandlearnsomethingaboutthelanguagepointsinthepoem.Teachingimportant&difficultpointsHowtohelpthestudentstomastersomelanguagepointsinthepoem.TeachingproceduresStep1RevisionCheckthehomework.Step2ReadListentothepoem‘I’vesavedthesummer’andanswerthesequestions.1．Doyouthinkthespeakerinthepoemismorelikelytobeagirlfriend/boyfriendorparent?2．Doesthepoemhaverhymingwords?3.Howdoesitmakeyoufeelandwhatdoesitmakeyouthinkabout?

4.Whatcameintoyourmind?Step3DiscussionWhoisthespeakerandwhoishe/shespeakingto?Andgiveyourreasons.Thispoemistalkingaboutthataparentisspeakingtoayoungadultchild.Step4Languagepoints1．holdon等一下；別掛電話；繼續；堅持；抓住；握住Toholdonwintermorningswhenthesnowisnew.(教材P14)當雪兒初降時，讓冬天的早晨停住。Holdonaminute！Isn'tthatyourbrother'scaroverthere？等一下，那不是你哥哥的車嗎？Shecan'twalkwithoutholdingontosomeone'sarm.不扶著別人的胳膊她就無法走路。holdback阻擋；退縮；保守；隱瞞holddown阻止上漲；壓制；控制holdoff推遲；拖延；阻止；阻擋holdontosth.保留某物；抓住某物holdout伸出；堅持holdup阻礙；延誤；抬高Hewasheldbackfromfurtherpromotion.他沒得到進一步的升級。Wemustholddownprices.我們必須控制物價。Theywereheldupbyfog.他們被霧所阻。2．Whenyouwerebutnineteen...(P14)那年你才19歲……butadv.只有；僅僅Thisisbutoneexampleofwhatcanhappenwhenthingsgobadlywrong.這僅僅是一旦事情弄糟會發生什么的一個例子。It'sgoingtobedifficult.Anyway，wecanbuttry.是很難，不過無論如何我們只有一試。Wecannotbutagree.我們不得不同意。but既可作連詞、介詞、副詞又有一些習慣搭配和固定用法。使用時要特別注意以下幾點：①作連詞時，用于表示歉意的話語后，表示有禮貌地拒絕或不贊成。②but用作介詞時與no，nobody，nothing，none，who等詞連用，作“除……之外”解，用來排除同類，從整體中除去一部分。③作副詞時，用在can后意為“只能”；用在cannot后意為“不得不”。完成句子①那里面有許多名人；只提兩個名字吧，有漢克斯和羅伯茨。Therewerealotoffamouspeoplethere，HanksandRoberts，__________________．②要是沒有你的話，我可能永遠也上不了大學。Imighthavenevergottouniversity____________．③她有的只不過是倒霉。Shehad__________________．【答案】①tonamebuttwo②butforyou③nothingbutbadluck3．Althoughthefuturemaybedifficultforyou，wheneveryouneedwarmthandlove，rememberI'llhavesometogiveyou.(教材P15)盡管將來對你來說可能很困難，但是無論什么時候只要你需要溫暖和關愛，記得來找我。這是一個復合句。whenever在句中引導讓步狀語從句，譯成：“無論什么時間”。WheneverIhearthattune，itmakesmethinkofyou.每當聽到那曲子，就讓我想到你。Wheneveryouhavetime，youcancomehere.無論什么時間你有空，就都能來這里。①what/who/which/when/where/how＋ever引導讓步狀語從句，意為“無論什么/誰/哪個/何時/何地/怎樣……都……”相當