2022年初中英語：判斷句型

一般判斷句

句型［主語+系詞be+表語］

1.Knowledgeispower.2.Whatsmineisyours,andwhatisyoursismine.

3.“Whoareyou?”-“ItisI.”4.“WhoisI?”-“Pinocchio.”

5.Heisagoodeaterandagoodsleeper.6.Sheisquitethebestdancer,Iknow.

7.Bensagoodrunner;fewseamenrunbetterthanBen.

8.“Whatkindofsailorareyou?”-“Imnotmuchofasailor.

9.IknewIdontexpressmyselfproperly:Imabadhandatsentimentality.

10.Ourconferencehasbeenhighlysuccessful.

11.Thesuccessfulconvocationofthenationalscienceconferenceisamatterofgreatjoyforus.

[注1]除了報刊標題和一些諺語格言省略系詞外，一般情況下系詞是不可隨便省略的。漢語說”東方紅“，英語一定要用系詞，說成”Theeastisred.“”他很和氣。“英語要說，”Heisverykind.“，”你的表不對。“英語不能說”Yourwatchisnotcorrect.“,只能說”Itsnotrighttimebyyourwatch.“/”Yourwatchdoesnotkeepgoodtime.“他是人民的死敵。”英語說“Heisthedeadlyenemyofthepeople.”

[注2]英語中有些形容詞只作表語用。常見的有：alive,alike,asleep,aware,fond,glad,faint,ill,wellunwell,afraid等等。另一方面要注意，有些形容詞不能作表語，只能作定語用。主要有以下幾種情況：

1)固定性詞組中的形容詞。可說“Heismyoldfriend.”，不可說“Myfriendisold(或new).”可說“Heisacompletefool.”，不可說，“Thefooliscomplete.”

2)作強調語的形容詞。可說“Itistheveryman.”，不可說“Themanisvery.”可說“Thisistheonlyoccasion.”，不可說“Theoccasionistheonly.”

3)起命名作用的關系形容詞。可說“Heisanatomicspecialist.”，不可說“Thespecialistisatomic.”可說“Thisisawoolendress.”，不可說“Thedressiswoolen.”

句型［主語+mean+賓語或狀語］

1.Sciencemeanshonest,solidknowledge.2.Difficultiesandhardshipsmeantnothingtothem.

3.Environmentmeansmuchtoachild.4.Yourfriendshipmeansagreatdealtome.

[注]除be,mean系詞外還有become,make,grow,remain,feel,sound,smell,taste,prove,look,get,go,come,keep等。Hehasbecomeacommunist.Shewillmakeaverygoodathlete.NurturedbytheParty,hehasgrownintoagoodcadre

句型［主語+call/name+賓語+賓語補足語］［主語+be+called/named+主語補足語］

1.AnEnglishmancallshimselfyoungatfifty.2.Hecalledhismother“oldgirl”,too.

3.WeallcallhimIronOx.4.WenamedhimJohn.5.HeiscalledbythenameofPaul.

6.Thisplaceisrightlycalledanearthlyparadise.7.Hewasnamedafterhisuncle.

句型［主語+regard等+賓語+as+賓語補足語］

1.Iregardhimasanobleman.2.Weregardeditasanhonor.

3.Donttreatcomradesasenemies.4.Welookonourjobasanhonor.

5.Welookuponouryouthasthefutureofourmotherland.

6.Heishonoredasamodelworker.7.Peoplerespectedhimasagreatpoet.

8.Thisroomservesastheoffice.9.TheydisguisedthemselvesasMarxists.

強調判斷

句型［主語+be+nootherthan/nonebut+表語（強調內容）］

1.Thisisnootherthanmyoldfriend,John.

2.ThetallfigurethatIsawno/noneotherthanourcommander.

3.ThemanstandingbeforehimwasnoneotherthanthePartybranchsecretary.

4.OurPartysPolicyofcadresistoappointnonebutpeopleontheirmerit.

[注]類似的說法還有nobodyelse,“Isthatyou,Bumble?”-“Nobodyelse.”AnsweredMr.Bumble.

句型［主語+be+nothing+(else)but/elsethan/lessthan+表語］

1.Geniusisnothingbutlaboranddiligence.2.Hitlerwasnothingbutapapertiger.

3.Thesituationisnothingelsebut(than)fine.4.Thatsnothinglessthanamiracle.

5.Whathetoldyouwasnothingelsethannonsense.

6.Hisfailurewasduetonothingelsethanhisowncarelessness.

7.Whatweexpectedisnothinglessthanatechnicalrevolution.

[注]相當于本句型的否定說法是“...beanythingbut...”,譯作“決不是”，如：

Heisanythingbutacoward.(=Heisnotacowardatall.)

句型［Itis/was+強調部分+that/who+從句］

1.Itispoliticalconsciousnessthatgivesvigortohiswritings.

2.Itwasowingtothevictoryoftherevolutionarywarof1776ledbyWashingtonthattheAmericanpeoplewonindependence.3.Itwasafterliberationthatweledahappylife.

4.ItwasinBeijingthatImethimforthefirsttime.

[注]除了以上句型表示強調外，還可以用以下方式來表達：

1)用very,only,certainly,ofcourse，tobesure等詞語加強語氣，如：

ThatstheverythingIneed.Thereportiscertainlyfalse.Heis,nodoubt,agoodpupil.

2)用“fromfirsttolast”,“outandout”(多用于反面)，“throughandthrough”(多用于正面)等成語加強語氣，如：Itisadelusionfromfirsttolast...Heisatraitoroutandout.Heisarevolutionarythroughandthrough.

3)用準系詞remain,continue等，如：Goldremainsgoldinthefurnaceofhistoryanddrossremainsdross.

4)有時用“...beneithermorenorlessthan...”,(不多不少，十足)如：Itisneithermorenorlessthanalie.

弱勢判斷句

句型［主語+seem等感覺動詞+表語］

1.Mycompanionlookedashamed.“Well,”hesaid,“youwereright...”

2.Thesituationseemedquiteencouraging.3.Yoursentencedoesntsoundright.

4.Sheappearedquitetouchedatthewords.5.Ittastessweet.

6.Thecountryseemedtobegoingtothedogs.WarwiththeSouthorsecessionwasvaguelylookinginthedistance.

句型［主句+asif/asthough+從句（主語+虛擬式謂語）］

1.Youspokeasifyouhadbeenherebefore.2.IfeelasifIweretenyearsyounger.

3.Italmostseemedasifthegoodmanweretryingtoteachusallheknewatthislastlesson.

4....hisexposedthroatlookedasifahalterwouldhavedoneitgood.

[注]在asif后面可以直接跟不定式，這是一種間縮的用法，如：Heopenedhislipsasiftosaysomething.

其次，在asif后面的謂語動詞也有人用現在時的，如：Itlooksasifoursideis(或were)goingtowin.

句型［主語+may(+not)+be+表語+虛擬式謂語）］［Perhaps等副詞+主語+謂語+其他］

1.Itmay(not)betrue.2.“Thisfellow”hethought,“maynotbeascamp...”

3.Whatmonthisthis?-MaybeitsJuly.4.Perhapsyouareright.

5.Perhapssheisill.6.Itwillprobablybefinetomorrow.7.Possiblyitistrue.

句型［主語+be+itissaid,/asitwere,等+表語］

1.sheis,itissaid(或theysay),thebestpupilintheclass.

2.Peopleinthatvillage,itissaid(或theysay),areallkind-hearted.

3.Heisnotequaltothetask,asitwere.4.Heis,asitwere,awalkingdictionary.

5.Withtheilliterateaudience,hefelthimselfasitwerecastingpearlsbeforeswine.

6.Itisntaverygoodsuggestion,tosaytheleastofit.

[注]有兩個詞組容易與asitwere混淆，就是asitis,asitwas。這兩個詞組必須用在和它們的時態一致的句中。意思是“照現在的樣子”，“照當時的樣子”，但都引申譯為“事實上”，如：Itisimpossibletocarryouttheplanasitis.

句型［主語+be+saidtobe/so-called/,whatiscalled,+表語］

1.HeissaidtobeanexcellentChinesescholar.2.Thisissaidtobethefinestparkinshanghai.

3.Thatisso-calledcivilizedworld.Thatisso-callednaturalism.

4.Heiswhatiscalled,apoet.Heis,whatiscalled,alivingdictionary.

注釋判斷句

句型［被說明的部分，+thatis(i.e.),/thatistosay,/namely(viz),/inotherwords+說明部分

]

1.Mr.Greencametoseemenotlongago,thatis,onlylastweek.

2.We-thatistosay,JohnandI-intendtoresign.

3.Rulesofgrammarcannotbeprofitablystudiedintheabstract-thatistosay,withoutexamples.

4.Heisanoutstandingspecialist,thatistosay,heisbothredandexpert.

5.Wehavefivesenses,namely,sight,hearing,smell,taste,andtouch.

6.Amanshouldneverbeshamedtoownhehasbeeninthewrong,whichisbutsaying,inotherwords,thatheiswisertodaythanhewasyesterday.

7.IdonotknowMr.Flynn,i.e.,donotknowhimwellenoughtosayifheisabsolutelyreliable.

句型［被說明的部分，+tobemoreexact,/ormorecorrectly,/orrather+說明部分］

1.Threeweekstomorrow,tobemoreexact(ormorecorrectly),the10thofMayismybirthday.

2.Thisisapillar,ormorecorrectly,acolumn.3.Itisahutor,tobemoreexact,acowshed.

4.Histheory,orrather,hypothesis,wasnotunobjectionable.

5.Wegothomelatelastnight,orrather,earlythismorning.

正反判斷句

句型［主語+be+not+表語A,+but+表語B］/［主語+be+表語B+and(或but)not+表語A］

1.Iamveryill,notbodily,butmentally.

2.WhatIadmireinColumbusisnothishavingdiscoveredaworld,buthishavinggonetosearchforitonthefaithofanopinion.

3.Thetragedyisnotinnotknowing,butinnotknowingthatyoudontknow.

4.TheMarxist-Leninisttheoryisnotadogma,butaguidetoaction.

5.Heisanordinaryworker,andnotacadre.

6.Itisyours,andnotmine.(=itisnotmine,butyours.)

句型［(Itis)not...that(who)...,but...that(who)...］

1.(Itis)NotthatIdislikethework,butthatIhavenotime.

2.Notthatweareafraidofdifficulties,butthattheyareafraidofus.

3.Itisnotheroesthatmakehistory,buthistorythatmakesheroes,andthat,consequently,itisnotheroeswhocreatepeople,butthepeoplewhocreateheroesandmovehistoryonward.

句型［Sofarfrombeing+表語，主語+謂語+其他］

1.Sofarfrombeingahelp,hewashindrance.2.Sofarfrombeingtrue,thenewsisfalse.

3.Sofarfrombeingashamedofit,hegloriesinit.

[注]在一般陳述句中僅用farfrom也可以表示一正一反的意義,如:Farfrompraisinghim,Imustpositivelyblamehim.

句型［主語+seem等感覺動詞+表語，+but+inreality/infact/inessence+...］

1.Thatsoundsallright,butinrealityitisnot.

2.Thismayseemabadthing,butinrealityitisagoodthing

3.Helooksignorant,butinfactheisveryclever.

4.Thetwothingsthoughsimilarinformaredifferentinessence.

5.Heappearstobewell,butreallyheisratherill.

6.HethinkshimselfaswiseasSolomon,butinrealityheisacompletefool.

[注]insteadof可以用來表示正反判斷，如：Wemustworkhardinsteadofspendingourtimeidly.

比較判斷句

句型［主語+be+less表語A+than+表語B］/［主語+be+more表語B+than+表語A］

1.Experienceshowsthatsuccessisduelesstoabilitythantozeal.Thewinnerishewhogiveshimselftohiswork,bodyandsoul.

2.Itisevenmoreapicturethanapoem.3.Heismoreshythan(heis)unsocial.

4.Ariverthatcarriessomuchsiltpercubicmeter(590kilograms-overhalfaton)ismorelikeliquidlandthanwater

[注1]more后面如果跟形容詞，形容詞要用原級，如：(正)Hewasmoreangrythanfrightened.

(誤)Hewasmoreangrierthanfrightened.(誤)Hewasangrierthanfrightened.

[注2]成語“moredeadthanalive”(勞累已極、累得要死)是一種夸張的說法，原意是“與其說還活著，不如說是死了。”如：“Oliver,moredeadthanalive,couldanswerYes.

句型［主語+be+表語B+rather