考向30閱讀理解之七選五題型特征七選五試題給出一篇缺少5個句子的文章，對應(yīng)有七個選項，根據(jù)文章結(jié)構(gòu)、內(nèi)容，選出正確的句子，填入相應(yīng)的空白處。該類題型要求從短文后的七個選項中（均為完整的句子）選出五個能填入文章空處的最佳選項，主要考查考生對文章的整體內(nèi)容和結(jié)構(gòu)以及上下文邏輯意義的理解和掌握。其命題形式深受閱讀多項選擇題的影響，體現(xiàn)了《新課標》“用英語獲取、處理和運用信息的能力；逐步獲取用英語思維的能力。”的閱讀學(xué)習(xí)和教學(xué)理念。七選五和傳統(tǒng)題型完型填空有些類似，雖然完型填空題考查的是詞匯層面，七選五考查的是句子層面，但是它們的考查方式是一樣的，只要考生選擇的答案能夠使行文連貫，符合英文的語法以及習(xí)慣表達就行，因此，這兩類題型在做題方法上有共同之處。該題型命題形式仍然具有客觀題的特點，又與完形填空具有異曲同工之妙，只是選項少，以句子形式出現(xiàn)，考查目的和側(cè)重點不完全相同而已。從《考試說明》對該題型命題目的的表述“主要考查考生對文章的整體內(nèi)容和結(jié)構(gòu)以及上下文邏輯意義的理解和掌握。”可以得出以下判斷：該題備選項可分為主旨概括句（文章整體內(nèi)容）、過渡性句子（文章結(jié)構(gòu)）和注釋性句子（上下文邏輯意義）三類。其多余的兩個干擾項也往往從這三方面進行設(shè)置，例如主旨概括句或過于寬泛或以偏概全或偏離主題，過渡性句子不能反映文章的行文結(jié)構(gòu)，注釋性句子與上文脫節(jié)等。試題特點1.符合《英語課程標準》中“提高學(xué)生用英語獲取信息、處理信息、分析問題和解決問題的能力”的要求和《普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試

說明》中“如果希望準確、深刻地理解一篇文章，必須對文章的結(jié)構(gòu)有所了解，把握住全篇的文脈，即句與句、段與段之間的邏輯關(guān)系。”的要求。如果說通常意義上的高考英語完形填空題是詞法和句法范圍內(nèi)的考查，它是語言表達的基本單位，屬于語言的組織規(guī)律，那么閱讀填空題就是章法范圍內(nèi)的考查，是語言使用的范疇，屬于言語的組織規(guī)律，簡單地說，前者側(cè)重語言的結(jié)構(gòu)—語法，而后者側(cè)重語言的使用—章法。2.

注重考查學(xué)生的邏輯思維能力。閱讀本質(zhì)就是一種理解、吸收、鑒賞、評價文章的思維過程，新題型不但要求考生具備詞匯、句子、語段、語篇等方面的知識，而且要有辨證、綜合、分析、歸納方面的邏輯思維能力，是閱讀的深層理解，也是閱讀的核心和關(guān)鍵。3.

題材新穎，具有濃厚的時代氣息和較高的真實性，與學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)經(jīng)歷和生活經(jīng)歷相適應(yīng)，與新課程理念下的高考改革走向相適應(yīng)，與高中英語教學(xué)實際相適應(yīng)，遵循了《英語課程標準》的評價理念，保證了試題的效度、信度、真實性和公平性原則。解答技巧根據(jù)試題所在的不同位置確定不同的解題策略1.如果空白在段首(1)通常是段落主題句。認真閱讀后文內(nèi)容，根據(jù)段落一致性原則，查找同義詞或其他相關(guān)詞，從而推斷出主題句。(2)與后文是并列、轉(zhuǎn)折、因果關(guān)系等。著重閱讀后文的第一、二句，鎖定線索詞，然后在選項中查找相關(guān)詞。通常正確答案的最后一句與空白后的第一句在意思上是緊密銜接的。(3)段落間的過渡句。這時要前瞻后望，閱讀上一段的結(jié)尾部分，并結(jié)合下一段的內(nèi)容，將所選的答案代入，看其是否能承上啟下，將兩段內(nèi)容連起來。2.如果空白在段尾(1)重點閱讀空白前的一兩句以鎖定關(guān)鍵詞。(2)通常是結(jié)論、概括性語句。注意在選項中查找表示結(jié)果、結(jié)論、總結(jié)等的信號詞，選項中也可發(fā)現(xiàn)前文的同義詞、句。(3)與前文是轉(zhuǎn)折或?qū)Ρ汝P(guān)系。此時要注意在選項中查找表示轉(zhuǎn)折、對比的關(guān)聯(lián)詞，同時注意選項內(nèi)容是否與前文在同一主題上形成對立、對比關(guān)系。(4)與前文是并列或排比關(guān)系。在這種情況下，通常是要補全說明本段主題的其他細節(jié)，在選項中會出現(xiàn)表示并列/遞進關(guān)系的關(guān)聯(lián)詞或與前文類似的句式結(jié)構(gòu)，或出現(xiàn)同義詞等其他線索。前句與正確答案的第一句是緊密相連的，要特別注意閱讀這樣相連的兩句。(5)所選答案是引出下一段的內(nèi)容。如果在選項中找不出與前文之間的關(guān)聯(lián)，此時可考慮與下一段開頭是否有一定的銜接。(6)如果第一段的段尾是空白，要認真閱讀，看此處是細節(jié)還是主題。3.如果空白構(gòu)成一整個自然段(1)這個段落應(yīng)該起承上啟下的作用，而且自成一體，即有一個段落的中心，因此可重點閱讀較長的選項，以此類推，直至找到正確答案。(2)著重閱讀前一段結(jié)尾和后一段開頭的一兩句，尋找相關(guān)的線索，而且重要線索通常會在后一段開頭，因此后一段開頭往往比前一段結(jié)尾更重要。(3)分析段落之間的邏輯關(guān)系及內(nèi)容的連貫性，注意段落間的銜接手段。將選項代入原文，如果前后內(nèi)容連貫，符合邏輯，即為正確答案。【典例示例】(2021年6月·浙江卷)You'vegotmail…andit'sapostcardPauloMagalhaes,a34-year-oldPortuguesecomputerengineer,lovestoopenhismailboxandfindabrightlycoloredpictureofRome'sColosseum.OrAfrica'sVictoriaFalls.OrChina'sGreatWall.31"Ioftensendpostcardstofamilyandfriends."hesaystoChinaDaily,"butyoucanimaginethatafterawhile,youneverreceiveasmanyasyousend,andyourealizethatnoteveryoneisintoit32”Seekingotherlike-mindedsouls,however,Paulostartedlookinginasomewhatunlikelyplace:online.ManywouldsaytheInternetisaplaceforpeoplewhohavegivenuponthetraditionalpostalservice,butPaulo'shunch（直覺）paidoff.Todayhishobbyhasdevelopedintothewebsite,asocialnetworkthathasgrownto575,217registeredusersin214countriesandregionssincehestartedit10yearsago.33Runningthewebsitehasalmostturnedintoafull-timejob.Languageiscertainlyaharrierformanypeople.Forpostcrossingtoworkworldwide,acommoncommunicationlanguageisneededsothateveryonecanunderstandeachother.AscoolasitmaybetoreceiveapostcardwritteninChinese,theconceptdoesn'tworkifonedoesn'tunderstandit.34Soacommonlanguageisrequiredandinpostcrossingthat'sEnglishsinceit'swidelyspoken."ManypeopleinChinahavelimitedexposuretoEnglish.35Thatsaid,weknowofmanypostcrossingmembers,includingChinese,whohaveactuallyimprovedtheirEnglishskillsthroughtheiruseofpostcrossing,"Paulosays.A.Andthat'stotallyfineB.ThatmakesitextrahardtolearnandpracticeitC.Helikestothinkofsendingpostcardsasafamily-friendlyhobbyD.Manylovetomakeaconnectionwithsomeonefromacrosstheworld.E.OnAugust5,thenumberofpostcardsexchangedbymemberstopped31million.F.Similarly,ifyouspeakonlyChinese,receivingacardinSwedishtakespartofthefunaway.G.Inshort,helovespostcards,andtheexcitementofgettingahand-writtennotefromsomeonefaraway.語篇解讀主題語境人與自我---創(chuàng)新意識語篇大意本文為記敘文。文章介紹了34歲的葡萄牙電腦工程師PauloMagallhaes喜歡世界各地的明信片，并克服困難設(shè)法借助網(wǎng)絡(luò)發(fā)展自己的愛好、創(chuàng)辦網(wǎng)站并取得成功的故事。背景知識Postcrossing一名來源于英文單詞中的明信片（postcard）與交流（crossing），發(fā)想自圖書漂流（Bookcrossing）的計劃網(wǎng)站。然而，這種明信片的"交流"或者交換機制是不同的。一名成員給另外一名成員寄出明信片，并隨機從另一位成員那里收到另一張明信片。相同兩名成員之間的交換只會進行一次。參與這一項目完全免費，任何人只要有地址，均可注冊帳號。重點單詞imagine料想，猜測，設(shè)想；seck尋找，尋求，謀求；register登記，注冊；barrier障礙，屏障，障礙物高級短語giveup故棄；payoff獲得成功；turninto變成......長難句分析原文：Todayhishobbyhasdevelopedintothewebsite,asocialnetworkthathasgrownto575,217registeredusersin214countriesandregionssincehestartedit10yearago.分析：本句為主從復(fù)合句。句中的asocialnetwork與thewebsite是同位語；that引導(dǎo)定語從句；since引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句。答案與解析：31.G空格處為本段結(jié)尾句，前文出現(xiàn)了描述Paulo喜歡世界各地明信片的內(nèi)容，即“OrAfrica'sVictoriaFalls.OrChina'sGreatWal.”，由此可知他喜歡各種明信片。設(shè)空處為總結(jié)性語言，G選項中的信息“inshort”符合邏輯順序，“helovespostcards”承接上文題意。故選G項。32.A空格前提到Paulo郵寄明信片的“遭遇”，空格后提到“Seekingotherlike-mindedsouls,However,Paulostartedlookinginasomewhatunlikelyplace:online”，由此可知空格處承上啟下，表示遇到的問題“完全不成問題”,說明Paulo沒有放棄自己的愛好，而是采取了網(wǎng)絡(luò)方式。故選A。33.E根據(jù)空格前的“asociallnetworkthathasgrownto575,217registeredusersin214countriesandregionssincehestartedit10yearago”可知，Paulo創(chuàng)辦的這家社交網(wǎng)站注冊人數(shù)一直在增長，選項E中的“OnAugust5,thenumberofpostcardsexchangedbymemberstopped31million”能承接前文，用數(shù)據(jù)說明網(wǎng)站的火爆。故選E。34.F根據(jù)空格前的“AscoolasitmaybetoreceivepostcardwritteninChinesc,theconceptdoesn'tworkifonedoesn'tunderstandit”以及空后的“so”可知，此處指兩者情況的比較。F項“Similarly,ifyouspeakonlyChincse，receivingacardinSwedishtakespartofthefunaway”符合題意，其中的“Similarly”說明對比關(guān)系。故選F。35.B根據(jù)空格前的“ManypeopleinChinahavelimitedexposuretoEnglish”可知，中國很多人接觸英語的機會有限，所以學(xué)習(xí)和練習(xí)這種語言會有難度。B項“Thatmakesitextrahardtolearnandpracticeit”符合題意，其中的“hardtolearnandpractice”說明此意。故選B。【檢測訓(xùn)練】1LearninganewlanguagelikeEnglishcanbeachallenge.1.Classesareimportant,butsoisdisciplinedpractice.Itcanevenbefun.HerearesomeguidelinestohelpyoubecomeabetterEnglishlearner.Studyeveryday.Learninganynewlanguageisatime-consumingprocess,morethan300hoursaccordingtosomeestimates.Ratherthantryandcramafewhoursofreviewonceortwiceaweek,mostexpertssayshort,regularstudysessionsaremoreeffective.2.3.Insteadoffocusingononesingletaskfortheentirestudysession,trymixingthingsup.Studyalittlegrammar,thendoashortlisteningexercise,thenperhapsreadanarticleonthesametopic.Don’tdotoomuch;20minutesonthreedifferentexercisesisplenty.Thevarietywillkeepyouengagedandmakestudyingmorefun.Read,watch,andlisten.ReadingEnglish-languagenewspapersandbooks,listeningtomusic,orwatchingTVcanalsohelpyouimproveyourwrittenandverbalcomprehensionskills.4.Writeitdown.Repetitioniskeyasyou'relearningEnglish,sowritingisagreatwaytopractice.5.Bymakingahabitofwriting,you’llalsofindyourreadingandcomprehensionskillsimproveovertime.Youmayevendiscoveryou’vegotatalentforwriting.A.Keepthingsfresh.B.Playvocabularyandgrammargames.C.Butwithregularstudy,itcanbedone.D.Itdoesn’tmatterwhetheryouuseacomputerorpenandpaper.E.Non-nativeEnglishspeakerssometimesstrugglewithdoingso.F.Aslittleas30minutesadaycanhelpyouimproveyourEnglishskillsovertime.G.Bydoingsorepeatedly,you’llabsorbthingslikespeechpatterns,accents,andgrammar.【答案】1.C2.F3.A4.G5.D【解析】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了如何成為一個更好的英語學(xué)習(xí)者的方法。1.根據(jù)上文“LearninganewlanguagelikeEnglishcanbeachallenge.(學(xué)習(xí)一門像英語這樣的新語言是一種挑戰(zhàn))”及常識可知，盡管學(xué)習(xí)英語是一種挑戰(zhàn)，但是通過有規(guī)律的學(xué)習(xí)，也是可以學(xué)會的。由此可知，C.Butwithregularstudy,itcanbedone.(但經(jīng)過有規(guī)律的學(xué)習(xí)，它可以被學(xué)會)能夠承接上文，符合題意。故選C。2.根據(jù)本段主旨句“Studyeveryday.(每天學(xué)習(xí))”及上文“Ratherthantryandcramafewhoursofreviewonceortwiceaweek,mostexpertssayshort,regularstudysessionsaremoreeffective.(大多數(shù)專家表示，與每周一兩次花幾個小時死記硬背相比，短時間、有規(guī)律的學(xué)習(xí)更有效)”可知，此處強調(diào)了每天堅持短時間、有規(guī)律的學(xué)習(xí)更有效。由此可知，F(xiàn).Aslittleas30minutesadaycanhelpyouimproveyourEnglishskillsovertime.(每天只需30分鐘就可以幫助你隨著時間的推移提高你的英語技能)正是每天堅持短時間、有規(guī)律的一種學(xué)習(xí)方法。故選F。3.根據(jù)下文“Insteadoffocusingononesingletaskfortheentirestudysession,trymixingthingsup.Studyalittlegrammar,thendoashortlisteningexercise,thenperhapsreadanarticleonthesametopic.Don’tdotoomuch;20minutesonthreedifferentexercisesisplenty.Thevarietywillkeepyouengagedandmakestudyingmorefun.(不要在整個學(xué)習(xí)過程中專注于一項任務(wù)，試著把事情混合起來。先學(xué)一點語法，然后做一小段聽力練習(xí)，再讀一篇相同主題的文章。不要做太多；花20分鐘做三種不同的練習(xí)就足夠了。多樣性會讓你保持專注，讓學(xué)習(xí)變得更有趣)”可知，本段主要強調(diào)了多樣性學(xué)習(xí)的好處。由此可知，A.Keepthingsfresh.(保持事物新鮮)適合作本段主旨句。故選A。4.根據(jù)上文“Read,watch,andlisten.ReadingEnglish-languagenewspapersandbooks,listeningtomusic,orwatchingTVcanalsohelpyouimproveyourwrittenandverbalcomprehensionskills.(讀，看，聽。閱讀英文報紙和書籍，聽音樂或看電視也可以幫助你提高你的書面和口頭理解能力)”及常識可知，經(jīng)常讀、看、聽英語能夠讓學(xué)習(xí)者自然而然地吸收像說話模式、口音和語法這樣的東西。由此可知，G.Bydoingsorepeatedly,you’llabsorbthingslikespeechpatterns,accents,andgrammar.(通過重復(fù)這樣做，你會吸收像說話模式、口音和語法這樣的東西)符合題意。故選G。5.根據(jù)上文“Writeitdown.Repetitioniskeyasyou'relearningEnglish,sowritingisagreatwaytopractice.(把它寫下來。重復(fù)是你學(xué)習(xí)英語的關(guān)鍵，所以寫是一個很好的練習(xí)方法)”及下文“Bymakingahabitofwriting,you’llalsofindyourreadingandcomprehensionskillsimproveovertime.(通過養(yǎng)成寫的習(xí)慣，你也會發(fā)現(xiàn)你的閱讀和理解能力隨著時間的推移而提高)”可知，本段強調(diào)了寫的重要性。由此可知，D.Itdoesn’tmatterwhetheryouuseacomputerorpenandpaper.(你是用電腦還是用筆和紙都沒關(guān)系)指出不要在意寫的方式，正是強調(diào)一定要堅持寫，符合題意。故選D。2BeforeCOVID-19,self-care—caringforourselves—mayhavenotbeenapriorityformanypeople.6..Thereisnoexactwaytopracticeself-care.Itincludesmanyareasandmaylookdifferentfrompersontoperson.Herearesomesuggestionsonwhatcanbedone.7.Forsomepeople,self-caremaybesimplyslowingdown.Itcanalsomeancontrollingpartsofyourlifethatyoucancontrol.Thisisimportantwhentheworldaroundyoufeelsoutofcontrol.LearnsomethingnewForsomepeople,self-caremightincludedoingthingstheyhavealwayswantedtodobutnevermadetimefor.8..Mentalhealthself-careAnotherformofself-careismakingtimetomeetwithamentalhealthspecialist,ifneeded.TheAssociatedPressreportsthatonlinementalhealthserviceshaveincreasedduringthepandemic.However,meetingwithamentalhealthprofessionalmaynotbepossibleforsomepeople.9..Meditating,writingaboutyourfeelingsandproblems,andorganizingthephysicalspacearoundyouareallformsofself-care.Bekindtoyourself—thebesttypeofself-careExpertsremindusthatself-careduringthepandemiccouldfeellikeridingarollercoaster—upsomedays,downonothers.Itcanhelptohavearoutine—ausualwayofdoingthings.Butexpertssaykeeptheroutinesimple.10..Remember,bekindtoyourself.A.NeverfeeloutofcontrolB.SlowdownandfeelincontrolC.ButnowitisevenmoreimportantthanusualD.SodoctorshavesuggestionsforotherwaystoreducestressduringthepandemicE.Self-careincludesbothindividualwellnessandthewellnessofthegreatercommunityF.ItisalsoimportantnottobehardonyourselfifyoudonotkeeptoyourroutineeverydayG.Thesethingsincludebaking,gardening,andlearninganewlanguageorsomeothernewskills【答案】6.C7.B8.G9.D10.F【解析】這是一篇說明文。在COVID-19之前，自我護理——照顧自己——可能不是許多人的優(yōu)先事項，但是現(xiàn)在它比平時更重要。文章主要介紹了一些自我照顧的建議。6.根據(jù)上文“BeforeCOVID-19,self-care—caringforourselves—mayhavenotbeenapriorityformanypeople.(在COVID-19之前，自我護理——照顧自己——可能不是許多人的優(yōu)先事項)”結(jié)合后文提出了一些自我護理的方法，可知本句與上文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折，指出自我護理的重要性。故C選項“但是現(xiàn)在它比平時更重要”符合語境，故選C。7.根據(jù)后文“Forsomepeople,self-caremaybesimplyslowingdown.Itcanalsomeancontrollingpartsofyourlifethatyoucancontrol.Thisisimportantwhentheworldaroundyoufeelsoutofcontrol.(對一些人來說，自我護理可能只是慢了下來。它也可以指控制你生活中你能控制的部分。當(dāng)你感到周圍的世界失控時，這一點很重要)”可知，本段關(guān)于自我護理的方法是慢下來，B選項中Slowdown對應(yīng)后文中slowingdown。故B選項“慢下來，感覺一切盡在掌握”符合語境，故選B。8.根據(jù)小標題“Learnsomethingnew(學(xué)習(xí)新事物)”以及上文“Forsomepeople,self-caremightincludedoingthingstheyhavealwayswantedtodobutnevermadetimefor.(對一些人來說，自我照顧可能包括做一些他們一直想做但從來沒有時間做的事情)”可知，本段提出的建議是學(xué)習(xí)新事物，本句為本段最后一句，應(yīng)舉例說明可以學(xué)習(xí)哪些新事物。故G選項“這些事情包括烘焙、園藝、學(xué)習(xí)一門新語言或其他一些新技能”符合語境，故選G。9.根據(jù)上文“However,meetingwithamentalhealthprofessionalmaynotbepossibleforsomepeople.(然而，對一些人來說，與心理健康專業(yè)人士見面可能是不可能的)”以及后文“Meditating,writingaboutyourfeelingsandproblems,andorganizingthephysicalspacearoundyouareallformsofself-care.(冥想，寫下你的感受和問題，整理你周圍的物理空間，這些都是自我照顧的形式)”可知，上文提到與心理健康專業(yè)人士見面不可能，后文則提到了其它自我照顧的方式，可知本句與上文構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系，指出醫(yī)生對在大流行期間減少壓力的其他方法有建議。故D選項“因此，醫(yī)生對在大流行期間減少壓力的其他方法有建議”符合語境，故選D。10.根據(jù)上文“Itcanhelptohavearoutine—ausualwayofdoingthings.Butexpertssaykeeptheroutinesimple.(養(yǎng)成一種例行公事的習(xí)慣是有幫助的。但專家表示，保持簡單的作息習(xí)慣)”可知，上文提到專家建議保持簡單的作息習(xí)慣，F(xiàn)選項中routine對應(yīng)上文中routine。故F選項“同樣重要的是，如果你不堅持你的日常生活，不要對自己太苛刻”符合語境，故選F。3Itisquitenaturalthatweallhaveourdowntimetoreadjustbutitisfairlyimportantthatconsistencyshouldbearegularpracticeinourworld.Itfeelsgoodtosetagoal,workthroughitandseetheamazingoutcome.11..Createaplan.Whateveryourgoalis,aplanisimportant.Createyearly,monthly,weeklyanddailytaskstohelpyoustayfocusedonyourspecificgoal.Schedule.12..Yes,thingswillcomeup,butweallhavethesame24hoursinaday.Youhavetoscheduleyourconsistencytasksjustlikeyouscheduleanythingelse,evenifyoustartoffat30minutesadayandaddfromthere.13..Yourfutureisyourpriority(優(yōu)先的事物).Sticktoit.Don’tquit.14..Nowthatyouhavecomesofar,itdoesn'tmakesensetogiveuponyourself.Thereisadreamplantedinsideofyou.Itistimetodotheworkandwatchitgrow.15.Lookbacktoseehowfaryou'vecome.Lookoveryourgoalsandaccomplishmentsdaily,weeklyandmonthlytoseehowmuchyouhavecompleted.Getyourcrewandcelebrate.A.MeasureyouroutcomeB.DothingsthatappealtoyouC.YoucanputthingsinorderofimportanceD.SometimesweneedtohaveabreaktoreflectE.HerearesomeusefultipstohelpyoustayconsistencyF.ItisactuallyinspiringtohavesomethingthatispushingyouG.Asisoftenthecase,ourbiggestexcuseisthatwedon'thavetime【答案】11.E12.G13.C14.D15.A【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了持之以恒的四個方法。11.由本段第一句“Itisquitenaturalthatweallhaveourdowntimetoreadjustbutitisfairlyimportantthatconsistencyshouldbearegularpracticeinourworld.(很自然，我們都有休息的時間去調(diào)整，但在我們的世界里，持之以恒應(yīng)該成為一種常規(guī)做法，這一點相當(dāng)重要)”和下文小標題“Createaplan.(制定一個計劃)”“Schedule.(日程)”“Sticktoit.(堅持下去)”可知，文章主要介紹持之以恒的幾個方法，承接上下文，E選項“以下是一些有用的建議，幫助你保持持之以恒”切題。故選E項。12.由小標題“Schedule.(日程)”和本段第二句“Youhavetoscheduleyourconsistencytasksjustlikeyouscheduleanythingelse,evenifyoustartoffat30minutesadayandaddfromthere.(你必須像安排其他事情一樣安排你持之以恒的任務(wù)，即使你每天從30分鐘開始并從那里添加)”可知，本段講合理利用時間、制作時間表的內(nèi)容，填寫內(nèi)容應(yīng)選擇與時間相關(guān)的句子，承接上下文，G選項“就像通常情況一樣，我們最大的借口就是沒有時間”切題。故選G項。13.由小標題“Schedule.(日程)”，上一句“Youhavetoscheduleyourconsistencytasksjustlikeyouscheduleanythingelse,evenifyoustartoffat30minutesadayandaddfromthere.(你必須像安排其他事情一樣安排你持之以恒的任務(wù)，即使你每天從30分鐘開始并從那里添加)”和下一句“Yourfutureisyourpriority(優(yōu)先的事物).(你的未來是你的頭等大事)”可知，本段講合理利用時間、制作時間表的內(nèi)容，但未來是頭等大事，說明安排事情時，也是需要把事情進行輕重緩急的排序，承接上下文，C選項“你可以把事情按重要性排序”切題。故選C項。14.由小標題“Sticktoit.(堅持下去)”，上一句“Don’tquit.(別放棄)”和下一句“Nowthatyouhavecomesofar,itdoesn'tmakesensetogiveuponyourself.(既然你已經(jīng)走了這么遠，放棄自己是沒有意義的)”可知，上文講不要放棄，說明遇到了困難，對于已經(jīng)走了這么遠的人來說，雖然他們已經(jīng)很累了，但放棄毫無意義，所以是時候休息一下來反思過往、查漏補缺，堅持下去，承接上下文，D選項“有時候我們需要休息一下來反思”切題。故選D項。15.由下兩句“Lookbacktoseehowfaryou'vecome.Lookoveryourgoalsandaccomplishmentsdaily,weeklyandmonthlytoseehowmuchyouhavecompleted.(回頭看看你已經(jīng)走了多遠。每天、每周和每月檢查你的目標和成就，看看你完成了多少)”可知，本段作者建議要檢查自己的目標和成就，看實現(xiàn)了多少，承接下文，A選項“衡量你的結(jié)果”切題。故選A項。4Manypeopletrulywanttohelpafriendwhoisinpain.Butwordsoftenfailusattimeslikethese,leavingusstammering(結(jié)巴)fortherightthingtosay.Somepeoplearesoafraidtosayordothewrongthingthattheychoosetodonothingatall.16.There’snooneperfectwaytorespondortosupportsomeoneyoucareabout,buttherearesomegoodgroundrules.17.Youarenotsupposedtobeacentralfigurewhenyourfriendfeelssad.Youmaysayyouwouldhavedonethingsdifferentlyifthisunluckythinghadhappenedtoyou.Ofcourse,Ihopeyoudon’tgetthechancetofindout.Theunhappinessbelongstoyourfriend.Sofollowtheirlead.Keepinmindthatbeingwithsomeonewhoisinpainisn’teasy.Yourfriendcannotshowupfortheirpartoftherelationshipverywell,andyouwilllikelygethurt.Don’ttakeitpersonally.18.Infact,oneofthebestthingsyoucandoforafriendinsorrowistoforecasttheirneeds.Don’tsay,“Callmeifthere’sanythingIcando,”becauseyourfriendwillnotcall.Whatyoushoulddoistomakeconcreteoffers:“Iwillstopbyeachmorningonmywaytoworkandtakeyourdogforaquickwalk.”Thenshowupanddoit.19.Hugyourfriend,rubtheirback,andtouchtheirarm.Comfortthemwithsmallphysicalgesturesthatletthemknowyoucareandcalmthem.Givethemhope.Giveyourfriendhopethatthingswilleventuallygetbetter.20.A.Showyourlove.B.Keepyourfriendatease.C.Instead,pleasebetolerantofthem.D.Remembertoplayasupportingrole.E.Afterall,thefuturewillbefullofhope.F.Theirheartwillhealandlifewillgoon.G.That’scertainlyanoption,butit’snotoftenagoodone.【答案】16.G17.D18.C19.A20.F【解析】本文是說明文。文章介紹了安慰傷心的朋友的方法。16.上文講在面對需要安慰的朋友時，一些人們因擔(dān)心說錯話或做的不合適而選擇什么都不做，下文“There’snooneperfectwaytorespondortosupportsomeoneyoucareabout,buttherearesomegoodgroundrules.(沒有一個完美的方式來回應(yīng)或支持你關(guān)心的人，但有一些好的可遵循的基本規(guī)則)”說“有方法，可做”，與上文語意有轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。G項“That’scertainlyanoption,butit’snotoftenagoodone.(這當(dāng)然是一個選擇，但通常不是一個好選擇)”中That指代上文“choosetodonothingatall”，“butit’snotoftenagoodone.”引出下文，該在段中項承上啟下。故選G項。17.設(shè)空處是段首中心句。由下文“Youarenotsupposedtobeacentralfigurewhenyourfriendfeelssad.(當(dāng)你的朋友感到悲傷時，你不應(yīng)該成為中心人物)”以及段尾句“Sofollowtheirlead.(所以跟著他們走)”可知，全段講述的是，安慰悲傷的朋友，不要以自我為中心，要以朋友的感受為主。D項“Remembertoplayasupportingrole.(記住扮演配角)”符合語境。故選D項。18.上文說“Keepinmindthatbeingwithsomeonewhoisinpainisn’teasy.Yourfriendcannotshowupfortheirpartoftherelationshipverywell,andyouwilllikelygethurt.Don’ttakeitpersonally.(記住，和一個痛苦的人在一起并不容易。你的朋友可能不能很好地展示他們的角色，你可能會受到傷害。不要認為這是針對你個人的)”中說到陪伴痛苦的朋友可能受到朋友的傷害，但不要認為是針對你，C項“Instead,pleasebetolerantofthem.(相反，請包容他們)”講要包容，意義上與其是順承關(guān)系，且其中代詞them指代上文Yourfriend。故選C項。19設(shè)空處是段首中心句。根據(jù)段中內(nèi)容可知，作者建議用“smallphysicalgestures”來“l(fā)etthemknowyoucareandcalmthem.(讓他們知道你關(guān)心他們，讓他們平靜下來)”，A項“Showyourlove.(表達你的愛)”語意相關(guān)，其中Show指的就是文中“Hugyourfriend,rubtheirback,andtouchtheirarm”行為。故選A項。20.上文“Giveyourfriendhopethatthingswilleventuallygetbetter.(給你的朋友希望，事情最終會好起來)”主要是說給朋友希望，讓朋友明白一切最終都會好起來，F(xiàn)項“Theirheartwillhealandlifewillgoon.(他們的心會自愈，生活也會繼續(xù))”與上文是順承關(guān)系，是給朋友希望的結(jié)果。故選F項。5NationalNappingDay:reasonsyoushouldnap.Findingthetimetorecoveramongdailyresponsibilitiescanbehard,butnappinghasbenefitsthatcouldhelpyoulevelupinyouroverallhealthandproductivity.21.Inotherwords,ifyoufeellikecallingitadayandfeelingsleepy,don’tfeelbad.22.Takinganaponceortwiceaweekcouldlowertheriskofheartattacksorstrokes,accordingtoastudypublishedinthejournalHeart.Aftertrackingmorethan3,400peoplebetweentheagesof35and75forslightlymorethanfiveyears,theresearchersfoundthatthosewholikedoccasionalnapping-onceortwiceaweek,forfiveminutestoanhour-were48%lesslikelytoexperienceaheartattack,strokeorheartfailurethanthosewhodidn’tnapatall.Itmightevenhelpyougetintoshape.A2020studyfocusingonwomenfoundthemoresleep-deprived(失眠)thewomenwere,themorelikelytheyweretoconsumeaddedsugar,fattyfoodsandcaffeine.23.That’sbecauseinadequatesleepisbelievedtostimulatehungerandsuppresshormonesignalsthatcommunicatefullness.Nappinghasbeenfoundtoboostyourcreativity.24.InaJanuary2020studyof2,214Chineseadultsages60andolder,participantswhotookafternoonnapsforfiveminutestotwohoursshowedbettermentalabilitythanthosewhodidn’tnap.Nappingmaynotensuresuccessineveryaspectofyourlife,butitcouldimproveyourhealthandchargeyourbrain'sbatteries.25.A.Nowgoliedown.B.You'llhavelowerriskforheartproblems.C.Takinganapmaymakeyourbrainmorealert.D.Alackofqualitysleepcouldleadtoovereating.E.Ashortnapmayalsomakeyoufeelmorerelaxed.F.Therightsideofyourbrainmayexperienceamentalsparkduringanap.G.Itmeansthereisnoreasontofeelasifyou’relazyfortakingaquicknap.【答案】21.G22.B23.D24.F25.A【解析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了小憩對人體的益處。21.根據(jù)前句“Findingthetimetorecoveramongdailyresponsibilitiescanbehard,butnappinghasbenefitsthatcouldhelpyoulevelupinyouroverallhealthandproductivity.(在日常工作中找時間恢復(fù)是很困難的，但午睡有好處，可以幫助你提升整體健康和工作效率)”可知，小憩的益處。后句“Inotherwords,ifyoufeellikecallingitadayandfeelingsleepy,don’tfeelbad.(換句話說，如果你想要結(jié)束一天并感到困倦，不要感覺糟糕)”可知，這里的表述與后句相一致。所以選項G“Itmeansthereisnoreasontofeelasifyou’relazyfortakingaquicknap.(這意味著你沒有理由覺得自己懶得打個盹)”符合上下文語境。故選G。22.根據(jù)后文“Takinganaponceortwiceaweekcouldlowertheriskofheartattacksorstrokes,accordingtoastudypublishedinthejournalHeart.....forfiveminutestoanhour-were48%lesslikelytoexperienceaheartattack,strokeorheartfailurethanthosewhodidn’tnapatall.(一項發(fā)表在《心臟》雜志上的研究表明，每周小睡一到兩次可以降低患心臟病或中風(fēng)的風(fēng)險。后跟蹤超過3400人年齡在35和75年的略高于五年，研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn),那些喜歡偶爾小憩好玩或每周兩次，5分鐘到一個小時可能經(jīng)歷少48%心臟病發(fā)作、中風(fēng)或心臟衰竭比那些沒有午睡)”可知，本段陳述午睡可以降低患心臟病的風(fēng)險。所以選項B“You'llhavelowerriskforheartproblems.(你患心臟病的風(fēng)險會降低)”符合上下文語境。故選B。23.根據(jù)前句“A2020studyfocusingonwomenfoundthemoresleep-deprived(失眠)thewomenwere,themorelikelytheyweretoconsumeaddedsugar,fattyfoodsandcaffeine.(2020年的一項針對女性的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，女性睡眠被剝奪的時間越長，她們就越有可能攝入添加糖、高脂肪食物和咖啡因)”和后句“That’sbecauseinadequatesleepisbelievedtostimulatehungerandsuppresshormonesignalsthatcommunicatefullness.(這是因為睡眠不足被認為會刺激饑餓，抑制傳達飽腹感的荷爾蒙信號)”可知，睡眠不足會導(dǎo)致的結(jié)果。所以選項D“Alackofqualitysleepcouldleadtoovereating.(缺乏高質(zhì)量的睡眠會導(dǎo)致暴飲暴食)”符合上下文語境。故選D。24.根據(jù)前句“Nappinghasbeenfoundtoboostyourcreativity.(午睡可以激發(fā)你的創(chuàng)造力)”和后句“InaJanuary2020studyof2,214Chineseadultsages60andolder,participantswhotookafternoonnapsforfiveminutestotwohoursshowedbettermentalabilitythanthosewhodidn’tnap.(在2020年1月對2214名60歲及以上的中國成年人進行的一項研究中，午睡5分鐘至2小時的參與者比那些不午睡的人表現(xiàn)出更好的智力)”可知，午睡能夠產(chǎn)生更多的創(chuàng)造力。所以選項F“Therightsideofyourbrainmayexperienceamentalsparkduringanap.(小睡時，你的右腦可能會產(chǎn)生精神火花)”符合上下文語境。故選F。25.根據(jù)前句“Nappingmaynotensuresuccessineveryaspectofyourlife,butitcouldimproveyourhealthandchargeyourbrain'sbatteries.(小睡不一定能確保你生活的方方面面都成功，但它可以改善你的健康，給你的大腦充電)”可知，小睡有益，所以現(xiàn)在就去做吧。所以選項A“Nowgoliedown.(現(xiàn)在去躺下吧)”符合上下文語境。故選A。Yourguidetobecomingtheperfectgiftgiver6Tryingtofindtheperfectpresentisasdifficultastryingtoreadsomeone'smind.Fewpeoplewillactuallytellyouwhattheywantforaspecialoccasion,andmostofthetimeyourlovedoneswillinsistthattheydon'tneedorwantanything!26.Herearesometipsthatcouldhelp.Behonest-doyouwaituntilthelastminutetostartlookingforpresents?27.Soarewe!However,startingyourshoppingearlycanhaveanumberofadvantages.ThecloseritgetstoholidayssuchasChristmas,thehigherthepricescreepup.So,ifyouwaittoolong,youmighthavetospendquiteabitmoreonwhatyouwant.28.Nowisthetimetoputyourthinkingcaponasyoumakealist.Here,youcanwritedowneverythingthereceiverslove.Thiscanincludefood,hobbies,experiences,andmore29.Ifyouarelucky,youshouldbeabletofindafewgoodideasinoneoftheselists.Attheveryleast,youwillhavesomeideasofwhichdirectionyoushouldheadoffin.30.Often,thereasonyougetstuckforgiftideasisbecauseyouarerestrictingyourselftoomuch.Ifyouareonlyfixedonthesamekindofpresentsthenyou'llrunoutofinspiration.Therereallyaremanywonderfulout-of-the-boxideastoselectfrom.Ifaregularpresentisn'tdoingthetrick,itmaybetimetothinkalittlebigger.Insteadofaphysicalgift,youcangivesomeoneanexperiencethattheywillneverforget.A.Sowhattodo?B.Youaredefinitelynotalone.C.Saveyourmoneybybeinganearlybird.D.Youwillbeabletogivethemthegiftoffriendship.E.Ifyouarestillcomingupempty,itistimetogetcreative.F.Whatmemorybetweenthetwoofyoustandoutthemost?G.Onceyouhavedonethis,youcanmoveontothethingstheyneed.【答案】26.A27.B28.C29.G30.E【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章對如何挑選完美的禮物提出了建議和方法。26.根據(jù)前文“Tryingtofindtheperfectpresentisasdifficultastryingtoreadsomeone'smind.”(想要找到完美的禮物就像想要讀懂別人的心思一樣困難。)可知，找到完美的禮物很難，根據(jù)后文“Herearesometipsthatcouldhelp.”(這里有一些建議可以幫助你。)可知，此處是講如何找到完美的禮物。所以選項A“那該怎么辦呢？”切合文意。故選A。27.根據(jù)前文“Behonest-doyouwaituntilthelastminutetostartlookingforpresents?”(老實說——你會等到最后一刻才開始找禮物嗎？)和后文“Soarewe!”(我們也是！)可知，此處是講不止有你一個人會等到最后一刻才開始找禮物，所以選項B“你肯定不是一個人。”切合文意。故選B。28.根據(jù)前文“So,ifyouwaittoolong,youmighthavetospendquiteabitmoreonwhatyouwant.”(所以，如果你等得太久，你可能要在你想要的東西上花更多的錢。)可知，此處是指早早買禮物才能省錢。所以選項C“早早買禮物來省錢。”切合文意。故選C。29.根據(jù)前文“Nowisthetimetoputyourthinkingcaponasyoumakealist.Here,youcanwritedowneverythingthereceiverslove.”(現(xiàn)在是你列清單的時候了。在這里，你可以寫下收禮物的人所愛的一切。)可知，選項G中的this是指列出收禮物的人喜歡的東西，在列出清單后，就可以考慮他們需要的東西了。所以選項G“一旦你做到了這一點，你就可以著手他們需要的東西了。”切合文意。故選G。30.根據(jù)后文“Often,thereasonyougetstuckforgiftideasisbecauseyouarerestrictingyourselftoomuch.Ifyouareonlyfixedonthesamekindofpresentsthenyou'llrunoutofinspiration.”(通常，你被禮物的想法束縛的原因是你限制自己太多了。如果你只專注于同一種禮物，那么你的靈感就會枯竭。)可知，此處是指要突破限制，進行創(chuàng)新。所以選項E“如果你仍然一無所獲，那是時候發(fā)揮創(chuàng)造力了。”切合文意。故選E。7Overthepasttenmonthsofpandemiclife,cookinghasbecomeashelterforme.NewYorkTimesfoodeditorSamSiftonreferredtoKoreanfriedriceandsaidit"improvesmoods,atmospheresandweeksalike".31.I'dargueitimprovesphysicalhealth,financesandskills,andreducesstress.Really,cookingisarewardingthingyoushoulddothesedays.Cookingfoodforyourselfisbeneficialtoyourphysicalhealth.Whenyoucookyourownfood,youcontrolexactlywhatgoesintoyourbody.It'sthebestpossiblewayto“dialin”orcleanupyourdiet.32.ArecentsurveyhasfoundthattwiceasmanyAmericansarecookingathomethanayearago,andthatnearlyaquarteraredoingsoinanefforttoeathealthier.33.It'sconsiderablycheaperthanorderingfromrestaurants,orbuyingpreparedfoodfromsupermarkets.It'sfoundthatorderingtakeoutisfivetimesmoreexpensive.Thedifferenceismoreobviousifyou’recookingforafamily.Intermsofimprovingcookingskill,youcan'thelpbutimproveifyoudoitoverandoveragain.Withsomanyotheroutletsforhobbiesshutdownrightnow,whyn