（（2019新人教版）高中英語選擇性必修一課文翻譯PAGEPAGE1Unit1 PeopleofAchievementReadingandThinkingP2TUYOUYOUAWARDEDNOBELPRIZE屠呦呦獲諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)6October2015Thisyear’sNobelPrizeforPhysiologyorMedicinehasbeenawardedtoTuYouyou(co-winner),whoseresearchledtothediscoveryofartemisinin,acrucialnewtreatmentformalaria.Artemisininhassavedhundredsofthousandsoflives,andhasledtoimprovedhealthformillionsofpeople.Over200millionpeoplearoundtheworldgetmalariaeachyear,andabout600,000diefromit.Artemisininhasbecomeavitalpartofthetreatmentformalaria,andisthoughttosave100,000livesayearinAfricaalone.()260萬人死于瘧疾。青蒿素已成為治療瘧疾的重要組成部分，據(jù)認(rèn)為僅在非洲一年就能挽救10萬人的生命。TuYouyou,acommittedandpatientscientist,wasborninNingbo,China,on30December1930,andgraduatedfromPekingUniversityMedicalSchoolin1955.Aftershegraduated,sheworkedattheChinaAcademyofTraditionalChineseMedicineinBeijing.In1967,theChinesegovernmentformedateamofscientistswiththeobjectiveofdiscoveringanewtreatmentformalaria,andTuYouyouwasamongthefirstresearcherschosen.Inthebeginning,TuYouyouwenttoHainan,wheremalariawasmorecommon,tostudymalariapatients.In1969,shebecametheheadoftheprojectinBeijing,anddecidedtoreviewancientChinesemedicaltextstofindtraditionalbotanicaltreatmentsforthedisease.Herteamexaminedover2,000oldmedicaltexts,andevaluated280,000plantsfortheirmedicalproperties.Fromtheirresearch,theydiscoveredandtested380distinctancientChinesemedicaltreatmentsthatshowedpromiseinthefightagainstmalaria.1230年畢業(yè)1967年，中國政府組建了1969年，她成為北京項(xiàng)2000多本古老的醫(yī)藥文獻(xiàn)，并對(duì)280000種植物的藥用價(jià)值進(jìn)行了評(píng)估。在他們的研究中，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)并測(cè)試了380種不同的中國古代療法，這些方法為抗擊瘧疾帶來了希望。Onemedicaltextfromthefourthcenturysuggestedusingtheextractfromsweetwormwoodtotreatafever.teamtestedacollectionofdriedwormwoodleavesbutfoundnoeffect.Theythentriedboilingfreshwormwood,andusingtheliquidobtainedfromthistotreatmalaria,butthisdidnotworkeither.Theirprojectgotstuck.However,TuYouyouwouldnotacknowledgedefeat.Sheanalysedthemedicaltextsagain,andbychance,shefoundonesentencesuggestingadifferentwaytotreatthewormwood.Sheconcludedthatboilingthe（2019（2019新人教版）高中英語選擇性必修一課文翻譯PAGEPAGE6sweetwormwoodapparentlydestroyeditsmedicalproperties.Usingalowertemperaturetodrawouttheextract,shefoundasubstancethatworked.Afterfailingmorethan190times,theteamfinallysucceededin1971.TuYouyouandherteammemberseveninsistedontestingthemedicineonthemselvestomakesurethatitwassafe.Later,themedicinewastestedonmalariapatients,mostofwhomrecovered.Thismedicine，whichwascalledartemisinin,soonbecameastandardtreatmentformalaria.一本四世紀(jì)的醫(yī)藥文獻(xiàn)推薦使用青蒿提取物來治療發(fā)燒1971年成功了。屠呦呦和她的團(tuán)隊(duì)成員甚至堅(jiān)持在自己身AccordingtoTuYouyou,thediscoveryofartemisininwasateameffort.UponhearingthatshehadbeenawardedtheNobelPrize,shesaid,“Thehonourisnotjustmine.Thereisateambehindme,andallthepeopleofmycountry.ThissuccessprovesthegreatvalueoftraditionalChinesemedicine.ItisindeedanhonourforChina’sscientificresearchandChinesemedicinetobespreadaroundtheworld.”UsingLanguage P8THEMANWHOCHANGEDOURUNDERSTANDINGOFTHEUNIVERSE一個(gè)改變了我們對(duì)宇宙的認(rèn)識(shí)的人AlbertEinstein,whoisperhapsthegreatestscientistinmodernphysics,isoftenconsideredoneofthesmartestmenwhoeverlived.Hemadenumerouscontributionstotheworld,themostwell-knownbeingthegeneraltheoryofrelativityandthefamousformulaE=mc2.Einsteinwasnotonlyagenius;hewasacourageousandkindfigurelovedbymanypeople.阿爾伯特-愛因斯坦，也許是近代物理學(xué)界最偉大的科學(xué)家，常被認(rèn)為是有史以來最聰明的人之一。他為世界做出了無數(shù)的貢獻(xiàn)，其中最著名的是廣義相對(duì)論和著名的E=mc2式。愛因斯坦不僅是一位天才，他還是一位勇敢善良的人物，受到許多人的喜愛。ThisgentlegeniuswasborninGermanyon14March1879.Whenhewas16,hetriedtoenteruniversityinSwitzerland,butfailedduetohislowscoresinthegeneralpartoftheentranceexam,despiteobtainingexceptionalscoresinmathsandphysics.Afterstudyingforanotheryear,hemanagedtopasstheexam,enteringuniversityin1896andgraduatingin1900.187931416歲那年，他試圖進(jìn)入瑞士的大學(xué)1896年畢業(yè)。Aftertwoyearsoflookingforworkasateacher,EinsteintookajobasaclerkintheSwisspatentoffice.Whileworkingthere,outofastrongpassionforknowledge,hecontinuedtostudy,earningadoctorateinphysicsin1905.Thatsameyear,whichwaslaterrecordedasamiracleyearinscience,hepublishedfourextraordinaryphysicspapers.Followingthis,hegraduallybecamefamousthroughouttheworldasthenewIsaacNewton.Afterfouryears,hewasabletoquithisjobatthepatentofficeandenterresearchfull-timeatauniversity.In1922,hewasawardedthe1921NobelPrizeforPhysicsforhisexplanationofthephotoelectriceffect.1905后來被譽(yù)為科學(xué)界的奇跡之年，他發(fā)表了四篇杰出的物理學(xué)論文。此后"新艾薩克-牛頓"的身份在全世界范圍內(nèi)聞名。四年后，他辭去了專利局的工作，進(jìn)入一所大學(xué)做1922年，他因?qū)怆娦?yīng)的解釋，獲得了1921年諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎(jiǎng)。Circumstanceschangedin1933,whenHitlercametopowerinGermany.Einstein,whowasJewish,foundthedoorsofacademicinstitutionsclosedtohim.AsaconsequencehehadtofleeGermany.AfterspendingtimeinEurope,hefinallytookupapositionasaresearcherattheInstituteforAdvancedStudyinPrinceton,USA.Followingthat,hecontinuedtomakegreatachievementsinphysicsandmathematics.1933Tothepublic,hewasseenasaslightlyodd-lookingbutkindandfunnyman.Hehadathickmoustacheandlongwhitehair,whichsometimesstoodonendasthoughhehadjustreceivedanelectricshock.Althoughhewasagenius,hesometimesforgotthings,likehisfriendsbirthdays.Butdespitehispeculiarities,hewaslovedbyhisfriendsandneighbours.Thereisevenastoryabouthowhehelpedalittlegirlwhoknockedonhisdoorandaskedforhelpwithherhomework.Infact,Einsteinoftenencounteredpeopleonthestreetwhowouldstophimandaskhimtohelpexplainthings.Aftermanysuchoccasions,hefinallystartedsaying,“Pardonme!Sorry!AlwaysIammistakenforProfessorEinstein!”在公眾眼里，他是一個(gè)長相略顯古怪，但善良風(fēng)趣的人。他留著濃密的小胡子，長長的"對(duì)不起!對(duì)不起!總是把我誤認(rèn)為是愛因斯坦教授!"On18April1955,itwasreportedthatEinsteinhadpassedaway,andthewholeworldmournedthegreatlossofabrilliantscientist.1955418哀悼。Unit2LookingIntotheFutureReadingandThinkingP14SMARTHOMESTOMAKELIFEEASIER智能家居讓生活更輕松Haveyoueverforgottentolockthedoorofyourhouse?Or,haveyoueverforgottentoswitchofftheTVorcomputer?Thesekindsofthingshappentousallthetime,wasteresources,andcansometimesleadtoproblems.However,inthenot-too-distantfuture,wewillbelivinginsmarthomesthatwilllockthedoorforuswhenweareawayandremembertoswitchofftheTVwhenweforget.Thesesmarthomeswillkeepussecure,saveusenergy,andprovideamorecomfortableenvironmenttolivein.IntelligentControls智能控制Today,wehavetouseswitchesforourlights,knobsforourappliances,andremotecontrolsforourTVsandairconditioners.Inthefuture,wewillbeusingadvancedtechnologyeverydayforautomaticcontrolofjustabouteverythinginourhome.Thefuturehomewilluseintegratedsensorstotellwhenyouleavehomeeachmorning,andthengointoanenergy-efficientmodeallbyitself.Youwillnolongerhavetothinkaboutturningswitchesonandoffyourself.Yourhomewillalsolearnyourdailyroutineandpreferences,soeverythingwillbereadyforyouwhenyougethomeeachevening.YourlightswillcomeontheinstantyouenterthedooralongwithyourfavouritemusicorTVprogrammes,andyouwillfindyourdinneralreadypreparedforyou.Allcontrolswillrespondtovoicecommands,soifyouwanttochangeyourroutine,youjustsayaloudwhatyouwantandthehomesystemwillobey.今天，我們必須使用電燈的開關(guān)，電器的旋鈕，電視和空調(diào)的遙控器。在未來，我們每天都會(huì)使用先進(jìn)技術(shù)對(duì)家中幾乎所有東西進(jìn)行自動(dòng)化控制()，而且RegularHealthChecks定期健康檢查Inaddition,yoursmarthomewillbemonitoringyourhealthforyoueveryday.Yourbed,forexample,willrecordhowwellyousleepeverynight.Itwillalsobecheckingyourbodyweight.Ifyoustarttohavesleeporweightproblems,itwillsendawarningtoyourphone.Itwillalsogiveyousuggestionsonahealthierdietandhowtosleepbetter.Smarttoiletswillbekeepingconstanttrackofyourhealthaswell.Theycanwarnyouearlyonifthereissomethingabnormalorifyouhaveacriticalillness,suchascancer,andpotentiallysaveyourlife.量。它也會(huì)檢查你的體重。如果你開始有睡眠或體重問題，它會(huì)向你的手機(jī)發(fā)送警告NoMoreDisasters沒有更多的災(zāi)難Smarthomeswillbeabletopreventseriousdamagefromaccidents.Forexample,ifawaterpipestartsleaking,orifthereisashortintheelectricalwiring,yoursmarthomewilldetectitandprovideyouwiththerelevantinformation.Thisway,youwillbeabletofixtheproblembeforeyourhomebecomesfloodedorcatchesfire.決這個(gè)問題。Thissmarttechnologyisnotafantasy.Manyofthesenewinnovationsarealreadyavailableandbeingusedinsomehomes.Inthissense,thehomeoftomorrowisalreadythehomeoftoday.Nevertheless,itwilltakesomeyearsbeforemostnewhomesbegintousethisnewtechnology.還需要幾年的時(shí)間。UsingLanguage P20ShouldWeFightNewTechnology我們應(yīng)該與新技術(shù)對(duì)抗嗎？Thismorning,Isawtheshockingheadline:“PassengerDiesWhenCarCrashesinDriverlessMode”.Inthearticle,variouspeoplesaidthatthepublicshouldopposetheideaofdevelopingdriverlesscars.Theysaidthatsomeadvancesintechnologywereunnecessaryandcouldevenbedangerous.Hence,weshouldceaseacceptingtechnologyjustbecauseitisnew.Thenewspaperreportedthatthecarcompanyhadalreadyapologisedfortheaccident,butthefamiliesofthedeceasedsaiditwasnotenough.Nevertheless,thecompanystillclaimedthatmostpeoplewouldbetravellingindriverlesscarsonedaysoon今天早上，我看到了令人震驚的頭條新聞。"無人駕駛汽車撞死了乘客"。在文章中，不同的人說，公眾應(yīng)該反對(duì)發(fā)展無人駕駛汽車的想法。他們說，有些科技進(jìn)步是沒有必要的，甚至?xí)形ｋU(xiǎn)。因此，我們應(yīng)該停止接受技術(shù)，不要因?yàn)榧夹g(shù)是新的，就停止接受它。據(jù)該報(bào)報(bào)道，汽車公司已經(jīng)就此次事故道歉，但死者家屬表示，這還不夠。盡管如此，該公司仍然聲稱，大多數(shù)人很快就會(huì)有一天乘坐無人駕駛汽車出行。Ontheonehand,therearemanydifferentgroupsofpeoplearoundtheworldwholivehappilyintheabsenceofnewtechnology.ProbablythemostwellknownaretheAmish,agroupofChristianslivinginruralAmerica.Theydonotownordrivecars,watchTV,orusetheInternet.Theyhavelivedmainlyasfarmerssincethe18thcentury,andtheywillprobablybelivingthesamewayinthedistantfuture.Theyadvocateasimplelifewithanemphasisonhardwork,family,andcommunity.Theythinkthatisbetterthancaringaboutluxuriesorfollowingthelivesoftherichandfamous.ItcouldevenbearguedthattheAmish'squalityoflifeisbettersincetheyliveinandappreciatethenaturalenvironmentratherthanlivinginlarge,pollutedcities.18世紀(jì)以來主要以農(nóng)民的身份生活，在遙遠(yuǎn)的將來，他們Ontheotherhand,newtechnologyhasprovidedpeopleeverywherewithmanybenefitsovertheyears.Forexample,thelatestweather-trackingcomputerprogrammesgivepeoplelotsofwarningsaboutpotentialnaturaldisasters,whichsavesmanylives.Moreover,theInternethasmadeitpossibleforfriendsandfamilytokeepintoucheasilyeveniftheyareonoppositesidesoftheworld.Ithasalsomadefindingopportunitiesinlifemucheasier,asitallowspeopletomakelargernetworksoffriendsthroughusingsocialmedia.Personally,Ihavebenefitedquitealotfromtechnologicaladvances.IfoundmycareerasanAldesignerthroughasocialmedianetwork.Myhealthmonitor,whichIwearallthetime,hasalsohelpedmegetintothebestshapeofmylife.Ofcourse,whennewtechnologychangesthewaywelive,itcanbeascaryprospect.Nevertheless,Iwillalwayslookonthepositivesideofchangeandacceptitratherthanresistit.就我個(gè)人而言，我從科技的進(jìn)步中受益頗多。我是通過社交媒體網(wǎng)絡(luò)找到了自己的職業(yè)--Al（（2019新人教版）高中英語選擇性必修一課文翻譯PAGEPAGE7Unit3FascinatingParksListeningandthinking SarekNationalPark--Europe’sHiddenNaturalTreasure薩勒克國家公園——?dú)W洲隱藏的自然寶藏ASummerWheretheSunNeverSleepsIwakeuptothesoundofthewindbuffetingtheclothofmytent.Eventhoughthesunisbrightlyshining,tellingwhetheritismorningornightisimpossible.I’mabovetheArcticCircle,whereinsummerthesunneversets.Checkingmywatch,Iseethatitis7:30a.m.Ileavemytentandwalkovertothemountainedge.Spreadingoutbeforeme,branchesoftheRapaRiverflowthroughthevalleybelow.I’mintheremotefarnorthofSwedeninSarekNationalPark,aplacewithnoroadsortowns.7：30。遠(yuǎn)的薩勒克國家公園，一個(gè)既沒有道路也沒有城鎮(zhèn)的地方。ALandofMountainandIcessdoedytsf.d,0sago,smelted,leavingbehindabout100glaciers.Soonafter,reindeerbegantoarrive.FollowingthereindeerweretheSamipeople,whomadethisterritorytheirhome.Gettinghereisquitedifficult,soapartfromtheSamiveryfewpeoplehaveeverseenSarek.In1909,Sarekwasmadeanationalparkinordertokeepthelandinitsnaturalstate.ThoughtheSamiareallowedtocontinuetheirtraditionalwayoflifeinthepark,nooneelsecanlivehere,andallnewdevelopmentisbannedwithinparkboundaries.Atthefarsideofthevalley,anancientSamicottageisvisible.Closeby,thereareafewreindeerfeedingongrass.薩勒克的山脈曾經(jīng)被巨大的冰層覆蓋。大約在9000年前，這些冰融化了，留下了大約1001909年，薩勒克ManatPeacewithNatureForhundredsofyears,lookingafterreindeerwasawayoflifefortheSami.Theyusedthemeatforfood,theirbonesfortools,andtheirskinformakingclothesandtents.Sincereindeerwerealwaysonthemove,theSamiwouldpickuptheirtentsandaccompanythem.Today,mostSamihavehousesinvillagesnearSarekandliveamodernlifejustliketheirneighbours.Buteveryspring,asmallnumberofSamistillfollowtheirreindeerintothevalleysof,gnsrdsandgr.Iamta,tnkIveadoptedsomeoftheirhabits.Forexample,thismorningmybreakfastisflatbreadwarmedoverafire,driedreindeermeat,andsomesweetandsourberriesthatIfoundgrowingnearmy（2019（2019新人教版）高中英語選擇性必修一課文翻譯PAGEPAGE9tent.數(shù)百年來，照顧馴鹿一直是薩米人的生活方式。他們用馴鹿肉做食物，用鹿骨做工具，早餐是在火上烤的扁面包，馴鹿肉干，還有一些我在帳篷附近找到的酸甜漿果。ALandofAdventureAfterbreakfast,Ipackmybagandsetoutagain.SinceImustcarryallofmyfoodandsupplieswithme,mybagweighsabout30kilograms.Iftodayisanythinglikeyesterday,itwillbefullofsweatandhardworkasIhikeoverthisdifficultlandtomydestinationontheothersideofthevalley.However,Icannotcomplain.Beinginsuchabeautifulandwildplacemakesmefeelblessedtobealive.HereIam,aloneunderthisbroadsky,breathingthefreshair,andenjoyingthisgreatadventure.Whatcouldbebetter?30公斤重。如果今天和昨天差不多，那將會(huì)充滿汗水和艱辛，因?yàn)槲乙讲娇缭竭@片這偉大的冒險(xiǎn)。還有什么能比這更好的？UsingLanguage ThemeParks主題公園Whichthemeparkwouldyouliketovisit?Therearevariouskindsofthemeparks,withdifferentparksforalmosteverything:food,culture,science,cartoonsmovies,history,andsoon.Someparksarefamousforhavingthebiggestorlongestrollercoasters,othersforshowingfamoussightsandsounds.Whicheverandwhateveryoulike,thereisanincrediblethemeparkthatwillappealtoyou.?主題公園的種類繁多，不同的公園有不同的主題，幾乎囊括了一切:食物、文化、科學(xué)、卡通、電影或歷史。有一些公園以擁有最大或最長的過山總會(huì)有適合你的主題公園。ThethemeparkyouareprobablymostfamiliarwithisDisneyland,whichcanbefoundinseveralpartsoftheworld.Disneylandwillbringyouintoamagicalworldandmakeyourchildhooddreamscometrue.Travellingthroughspace,visitingapirateship,ormeetinganadorablefairytaleorcartooncharacterareallpossibleatDisneyland.Asyouwanderaroundthefantasyamusementpark,youmayseeSnowWhiteorMickeyMouseinaparadeorevenonthestreet.Ofcourse,Disneylandalsohasmanyexcitingridestoamuseyou,fromenormousswingingshipstoscaryfreefalldrops.Ifyouwanttohavefunandmorethanfun,cometoDisneyland多的收獲，那就來迪士尼樂園吧。Dollywood,inthebeautifulSmokyMountainsinthesoutheasternUSA,isuniquebecauseitshowsandcelebratesAmerica'straditionalsoutheasternculture.Famouscountrymusicgroupsputonperformancesthereallyearround,indoorsandoutdoors.PeoplecomefromalloverAmericatoseeskilledworkersmakewood,glassandironobjectsintheold-fashionedway.VisitingthecandyshopandtryingsomeofthesamekindofcandythatAmericansouthernersmade150yearsagoisarareexperience.RidingontheonlysteamenginestillworkinginthesoutheasternUnitedStatesisaspecialtreat.Andforthosewholikerides,Dollywoodhasasuperboldwoodenrollercoaster,Thunderhead.Itisword-famousforhavingthelongesttrackinthesmallestspace.CometoDollywoodtohavefunlearningallaboutAmerica'shistoricalsoutheasternculture.位于美國東南部美麗的斯莫基山脈的多萊塢150年前美國南以在最小的空間中有最長的音軌而聞名。來多萊塢了解美國東南部的歷史文化吧。ChimelongOceanKingdominZhuhai,China,isoneoftheleadingocean-themedparksintheworld.HereyoucanwalkundertheWhaleSharkAquarium-theworld'slargest-andseeupto20,000fish,inadditiontoawhaleshark68metresinlength.Watchingthedolphinandsealionshowsisbotheducationalandfun.Ofcourse,youcanalsoseeallkindsofinterestinganimals,includingpolarbears.Theparkhasmoreridesthanyoucanimagine:joinawaterfightagainstpirates,getturnedupsidedownbyanexcitingrollercoaster,orgetwetinoneofthewaterrides!Thenatnight,seethesplendidJourneyofLightsParadeandfireworksdisplayHungry?Theparkhasplentyofrestaurantswithtastyfoodforeveryappetite—youcaneveneatwhilewatchingthefishswimby.Ifitisoceanentertainmentthatyouarelookingfor,cometoChimelongOceanKingdom!682萬條燈光之旅巡游和煙花表演，餓了嗎？園區(qū)內(nèi)有很多餐廳，!Unit4BodyLanguage（（2019新人教版）高中英語選擇性必修一課文翻譯PAGEPAGE10ListeningandthinkingP38ListeningtoHowBodiesTalk傾聽身體的訴說Weusebothwordsandbodylanguagetoexpressourthoughtsandopinionsinourinteractionswithotherpeople.Wecanlearnalotaboutwhatpeoplearethinkingbywatchingtheirbodylanguage.Wordsareimportant,butthewaypeoplestand,holdtheirarms,andmovetheirhandscanalsogiveusinformationabouttheirfeelings.動(dòng)雙手的方式也能幫助我們了解他們的情緒。Justlikespokenlanguage,bodylanguagevariesfromculturetoculture.Thecrucialthingisusingbodylanguageinawaythatisappropriatetothecultureyouarein.Forexample,makingeyecontact—lookingintosomeone’seyes—insomecountriesisawaytodisplayinterest.Inothercountries,bycontrast,eyecontactisnotalwaysapprovedof.Forexample,inmanyMiddleEasterncountries,menandwomenarenotsociallypermittedtomakeeyecontact.InJapan,itmaydemonstraterespecttolookdownwhentalkingtoanolderperson.Thegesturefor“OK”hasdifferentmeaningsindifferentcultures.InJapan,someonewhowitnessesanotherpersonemployingthegesturemightthinkitmeansmoney.InFrance,apersonencounteringanidenticalgesturemayinterpretitasmeaningzero.However,youshouldavoidmakingthisgestureinBrazilandGermany,asitisnotconsideredpolite.“OK”這個(gè)手勢(shì)在不同的文化中有不同的含義。在日本，如果看到另一個(gè)人用這個(gè)手巴西和德國，你應(yīng)該避免使用這個(gè)手勢(shì)，因?yàn)樗徽J(rèn)為是不禮貌的。Eventhegesturesweusefor“yes”and“no”differaroundtheworld.Inmanycountries,shakingheadmeansandnoddingmeansBycomparison,inBulgariaandsouthernAlbania,thegestureshavetheoppositemeaning.Therearealsodifferencesinhowwetoucheachother,howclosewestandtosomeonewearetalkingto,andhowweactwhenwemeetorpart.IncountrieslikeFranceandRussia,peoplemaykisstheirfriendsonthecheekwhentheymeet.Elsewhere,peoplefavourshakinghands,bowingfromthewaist,ornoddingtheheadwhentheymeetsomeoneelse.（2019（2019新人教版）高中英語選擇性必修一課文翻譯11Somegesturesseemtohavethesamemeaningeverywhere.PlacingyourhandstogetherandrestingthemonthesideofyourheadwhileclosingyoureyesAgoodwayofsaying“Iamfull”ismovingyourhandincirclesoveryourstomachafterameal.“睡覺”。用餐后輕輕用手在胃部轉(zhuǎn)圈表示“我飽了”。Somebodylanguagehasmanydifferentuses.Perhapsthebestexampleissmiling.Asmilecanhelpusgetthroughdifficultsituationsandfindfriendsinaworldofstrangers.Asmilecanbreakdownbarriers.Wecanuseasmiletoapologise,togreetsomeone,toaskforhelp,ortostartaconversation.Expertssuggestsmilingatyourselfinthemirrortomakeyourselffeelhappierandstronger.Andifwearefeelingdownorlonely,thereisnothingbetterthanseeingthesmilingfaceofagoodfriend.UsingLanguageP43HowDoIKnowMyStudents?我如何了解我的學(xué)生？Asaneducator,peopleoftenaskmehowIknowwhatisgoingoninthemindsofmystudents.Manystudentsarequiteshyanddon'tspeakallthatmuch.Atthesametime,inaclassroomofmorethanfortystudents,itishardtohavemanyone-on-oneconversationswitheachperson.So,howcanIreallyknowwhatmakeseachstudenttick?Myanswer?Ilookattheirbodylanguage我的答案是什么？我看他們的肢體語言Itiseasytorecognisewhenstudentsareinterestedinalesson.Mosttendtolookupandmakeeyecontact.WhenImakeajoke,theysmile.WhenItalkaboutsomethingdifficult,theylookconfused.Iknowwhenstudentsarereallyinterested,however,becausetheyleanforwardandlookatme.Peoplehaveatendencytoleantowardswhatevertheyareinterestedin.Soifastudenthashisheadloweredtolookathiswatch,itimpliesheisboredandjustcountingtheminutesfortheclasstoend.Iftwofriendsareleaningtheirheadstogether,theyareprobablywritingnotestoeachother.Ofcourse,noteveryonewholooksupispayingattentioninclass.Somestudentslookup,butthereisanabsenceofeyecontact.Theireyesbarelymove,andtheyalwayshavethesamedistantexpressionontheirfaces.Itisasthoughtheyareasleepwiththeireyesopen.（2019（2019新人教版）高中英語選擇性必修一課文翻譯PAGEPAGE12Somestudentsareamusedbysomethingelse.Theyspendalltheirtimelookinganywherebutatme.Thenagain,somestudents’favouriteactivityisdaydreaming.Withtheirchinsontheirhands,theyoccupythemselvesbystaringoutofthewindoworupattheceiling.Theyarecertainlyinterestedinsomething,butwhoknowswhat.Themainthingisremindingdistractedstudentsthattheyneedtopayattentioninclass.?Whileitiseasytoperceivewhenstudentsareinterested,bored,ordistracted,itissometimesmuchhardertodistinguishwhenstudentsaretroubled.Studentswhoareangry,afraid,orexperiencinganxietymayhavetheirarmscrossedinfrontoftheirchestsandtheirlegsclosedorcrossed,liketheyareguardingtheirbodies.Studentswhoaresadorworriedwillnearlyalwayswearafrown.Theymayalsohidetheirfacesintheirhandsliketheyareembarrassedorashamed.Somestudentsactthiswaymerelybecausetheyareafraidofbeingcalledonbytheteacher.However,ifastudentdoesnotbothertobrushherhairandhereyesareredfromweeping,thenIcaninferthattherearedeeperissuesatwork.Itcouldbethatsheishavingseriousconflictswithotherstudentsorathome.Whateveritis,IknowIneedtoinquireandassesswhatisgoingon.Ultimately,mydutyishelpingeverystudenttolearn.Theirbodylanguageletsmeknowwhentoadjustclassactivities,whentointervene,andwhentotalktostudentsindividually,sotheycangetthemostoutofschool.Reactingtobodylanguageisanimportantcomponentofbeingateacher.Unit5WorkingtheLand（（2019新人教版）高中英語選擇性必修一課文翻譯PAGEPAGE13Listeningandthinking APioneerforAllPeople造福全人類的先驅(qū)者YuanLongping,knownasthe“fatherofhybridrice”,isoneofChina’smostfamousscientists.Yet,heconsidershimselfafarmerbecausehecontinuallyworksthelandinhisresearch.Indeed,hisslimbutstrongbodyisjustlikethatofmillionsofChinesefarmers,towhomhehasdevotedhislife.YuanLongpingwasbornin1930inBeijing.Hisparentswantedhimtopursueacareerinscienceormedicine.However,whatconcernedhimmostwasthatfarmersoftenhadpoorharvestsandsometimesevenhadaseriousshortageoffoodtoeat.Totacklethiscrisis,hechosetostudyagricultureandreceivedaneducationatSouthwestAgriculturalCollegeinChongqing.1930他擔(dān)心的是，農(nóng)民經(jīng)常歉收，有時(shí)甚至嚴(yán)重缺乏食物。為了應(yīng)對(duì)這一危機(jī)Aftergraduatingin1953,heworkedasaresearcher.YuanLongpingrealisedthatlargerfieldswerenotthesolution.Instead,farmersneededtoboostyieldsinthefieldstheyhad.Howthis,couldbedonewasachallengingquestionatthetime.Yuanwasconvincedthattheanswercouldbefoundinthecreationofhybridrice.Ahybridisacrossbetweentwoormorevarietiesofaspecies.Onecharacteristicofhybridsisthattheyusuallyattainahigheryieldthanconventionalcrops.However,whetheritwaspossibletodevelopahybridofself-pollinatingplantssuchasricewasamatterofgreatdebate.Thecommonassumptionthenwasthatitcouldnotbedone.Throughintenseeffort,Yuanovercameenormoustechnicaldifficultiestodevelopthefirsthybridricethatcouldbeusedforfarmingin1974.Thishybridenabledfarmerstoexpandtheiroutputgreatly.1953年畢業(yè)后，他從事研究工作。袁隆平意識(shí)到，解決問題的