閱讀理解七選五1.【2021·全國(guó)甲卷】Swap,Don’tshop!Youkeephearingaboutrecycling,right?Butitdoesn'tendwithbottles,cans,andpaper.Clothingtakesahugeamountofnaturalresources（資源）tomake,andbuyingloadsofnewclothing（orthrowingoutoldclothing）isnothealthyfortheenvironment.Sowhattodowithallthoseperfectly-good-but-you're-maybe-a-little-sick-of-themclothespiledonyourbedroomfloor?____16____.It'sthebestwaytogetridofyourusedclothes,scoreclothesfromyourfriends,andhaveapartyallatthesametime.Asuccessfulsontheselectionofclothes,theorganizationoftheevent,and,obviously,howmuchfunishad.It'sreallyeasytodo!Hereareafewpointers.●Invite5—10peoplesoyouhaveaniceselection.____17____,andtheremaynotbeenoughthingstochoosefrom;morethanthat,anditbecomesuncontrollable.●____18____.Theyshouldalsoprepareplentyofreusablebagstocarrytheir"new"clotheshome.room.____erenttypesofclothingondifferentsurfacesintheroom.____19____.Placeafewmirrorsaroundyourroomsopeoplecanseehowthingslookwhentheytrythemon.Oneofthegroundrulesofthesbethateveryonemusttryontheclothesbeforetheytakethem—thingsalwayslookdifferentwhenyouputthemon.●Setastartingtime.Maybeyousay“go,”orturnonacertainsong,orwhatever.____20____.Anddon'tforgettoputoutsomecookiesandfruits.Remember,it'saparty!A.LesspeoplethanthatB.HoldaclothingswapC.IftwopeoplearecompetingD.JustkeepmusicplayingthroughoutE.DonatewhateverclothesareleftoverFHaveeveryoneputtheirclothesintherightspotsG.Telleveryonetobringcleanclothesingoodcondition16.B17.A18.G19.F20.D【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了通過(guò)衣物交換來(lái)處理舊衣服的方法——衣物交換派對(duì)，以及一些具體的流程。【16題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Sowhattodowithallthoseperfectly-good-but-you're-maybe-little-sick-of-themclothespiledonyourbedroomfloor?（那么，該如何處理那些堆在臥室地板上的（看起來(lái)）完好但你可能有點(diǎn)厭倦的衣服呢？）”提出關(guān)于如何解決舊衣物的問(wèn)題。下文“It'sthebestwaytogetridofyourusedclothes,scoreclothesfromyourfriends,andhaveapartyallatthesametime.（這是扔掉舊衣服、從朋友那里買(mǎi)衣服、同時(shí)開(kāi)派對(duì)的最好方法。）”提到了具體處理舊衣物的方法。所以空白處應(yīng)起承上啟下的作用，承接上文講到的問(wèn)題，啟下提出的方法。因而空白處是提出了一種處理舊衣物的好方法。B項(xiàng)“Holdaclothingswap.（進(jìn)行衣物交換。）”給出了一種處理舊衣物的方法，承上啟下，符合語(yǔ)境。故選B項(xiàng)。【17題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Invite5-10peoplesoyouhaveaniceselection.”（邀請(qǐng)5到10個(gè)人，這樣你就有一個(gè)很好的選擇。）說(shuō)明了應(yīng)該邀請(qǐng)的人數(shù)。下文“andtheremaynotbeenoughthingstochoosefrom;morethanthat,anditbecomesuncontrollable.”（可能沒(méi)有足夠的東西可供選擇；多于這個(gè)數(shù)量，它就變得無(wú)法控制。）說(shuō)明多于或少于一定數(shù)量的人數(shù)將會(huì)導(dǎo)致一些麻煩。所以空白處應(yīng)是針對(duì)下文中的“morethanthat”提出的相反的假設(shè)，即少于一定數(shù)量的人。A項(xiàng)“Lesspeoplethanthat”（少于這些人）提出一種假設(shè)，和下文中“morethanthat”相對(duì)，說(shuō)明人數(shù)不宜太多，也不能太少，符合語(yǔ)境。故選A項(xiàng)。【18題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Theyshouldalsoprepareplentyofreusablebagstocarrytheir“new”clotheshome.”（他們還應(yīng)該準(zhǔn)備大量的可重復(fù)使用的袋子，把他們的“新”衣服帶回家。）說(shuō)明去的時(shí)候應(yīng)該為交換所得的“新衣服”準(zhǔn)備袋子。G項(xiàng)“Telleveryonetobringcleanclothesingoodcondition.”（告訴每個(gè)人帶來(lái)品相完好的衣服。）說(shuō)明去參加衣物交換的時(shí)候應(yīng)該帶完好的衣服，其中的bring和下文中carry相對(duì)，都是為交換衣物所做的準(zhǔn)備。下文中的also也是提示詞，并且其中They指代G項(xiàng)的everyone。所以G項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。故選G項(xiàng)。【19題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Putdifferenttypesofclothingondifferentsurfacesintheroom.”（把不同類(lèi)型的衣服放在房間的不同地方。）指出衣服應(yīng)該歸類(lèi)放置。下文“Placeafewmirrorsaroundyourroomsopeoplecanseehowthingslookwhentheytrythemon.”（在房間周?chē)艓酌骁R子，這樣人們?cè)嚧r(shí)就能看到衣服的樣子。）提到了放置鏡子的意義。由此可見(jiàn)，本段講述的是房間里的一些具體的做法，所以空白處一樣要提出人們?cè)诜块g里要做什么。F項(xiàng)“Haveeveryoneputtheirclothesintherightspots.（讓每個(gè)人的衣服都放在相應(yīng)的位置上。）”說(shuō)明每個(gè)人應(yīng)該按照不同類(lèi)型把衣服擺放在相應(yīng)的位置，符合語(yǔ)境。故選F項(xiàng)。【20題詳解】上文“Setastartingtime.Maybeyousay“go,”orturnonacertainsong,orwhatever.”（設(shè)置開(kāi)始時(shí)間。也許你說(shuō)“開(kāi)始”，或者打開(kāi)一首歌，或者無(wú)論什么。）打開(kāi)音樂(lè)或者無(wú)論什么，意味聚會(huì)開(kāi)始。下文“Anddon'tforgettoputoutsomecookiesandfruits.Remember,it'saparty!”（別忘了拿出一些餅干和水果。記住，這是個(gè)派對(duì)！）講到了聚會(huì)上應(yīng)該提供一些派對(duì)該有的服務(wù)。因而，空白處應(yīng)是承接上文，講述聚會(huì)期間要保持應(yīng)有的內(nèi)容。D項(xiàng)“Justkeepmusicplayingthroughout.”（要始終播放音樂(lè)。）承上啟下，說(shuō)明在派對(duì)上要有音樂(lè)，與前文形成意義上的一致，符合題意，故選D項(xiàng)。2.【2021·全國(guó)乙卷】AccordingtoJessicaHagy,authorofHowtoBeInteresting,it’snotdifficulttomakeyourselfinterestingatadinnerparty.___36___,ifyou’reoutofyourcomfortzoneorifyou’rewanderingintosomebody’shouseforthefirsttime.Sothemainthingisjusttoshowupandbeadventurous,tryingdifferentfoodsandtalkingtostrangers.Peoplelovetotalkaboutthemselves.Ifyoucanstarttheconversationwithaquestionotherthan“Whatdoyoudoforaliving?”,you’llbeabletogetalotmoreinterestingconversationoutofwhomeveritisyou’retalkingto.___37___,itcanbringin“Ihavethisold,broken-downvehicle”or“Irodethebuswiththesecrazypeoplewhowerelaughingatsillyjokesintheback.”Itjustopensupconversation.___38___?Ifyoucan’ttaketheirwineaway,youshouldcertainlytrytotakeawaytheirsoapbox（講臺(tái)）situation.___hehost,youcanaskthemtohelpyouinthekitchenwithsomethingandjustremovethemfromthesituation.___39___.Andwhataboutthatotherdinner-partykiller:awkwardsilence?Ifyou’refacedwithanawkwardsilenceatadinnerparty,theonlythingthatalwaysgetseveryonetalkingagainistogivethehostacompliment（贊揚(yáng)）.___40___.Justquicklyturnaroundandsay,“Thiscakeisextremelydeliciousandyouhavetotellmeallaboutit.”Sobeinginterestingatadinnerpartyisn’tthathard.A.HowdoyouknowthehostB.ThefirststepistogoexploringC.Ifyouaskthequestion“Howdidyougethere?”D.BepreparedtohaveawkwardconversationswithstrangersE.OrturntheconversationintoatopicwheretheyhavelittletosayF.Whataboutthatpersonwhohadtoomuchtodrinkorwon’tstoptalkingG.Heorsheisthepersonwhoisfeelingtheweightofthatawkwardnessthemost36.B37.C38.F39.E40.G【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了在晚宴上讓自己表現(xiàn)得有趣的一些方法。【36題詳解】根據(jù)上文“it’snotdifficulttomakeyourselfinterestingatadinnerparty(在晚宴上讓自己變得有趣并不難)”可知，下文應(yīng)主要講述如何在晚宴上讓自己變得有趣。下文“Sothemainthingisjusttoshowupandbeadventurous,tryingdifferentfoodsandtalkingtostrangers.(所以最主要的事情就是去嘗試，去冒險(xiǎn)，嘗試不同的食物，和陌生人交談)”可推知，本段主要說(shuō)明想在晚宴上讓自己變得有趣，就要勇于冒險(xiǎn)，勇于探索。由此可知，B項(xiàng)“Thefirststepistogoexploring(第一步是去探索)”承上啟下，符合題意。故選B項(xiàng)。【37題詳解】根據(jù)下文“itcanbringin“Ihavethisold,broken-downvehicle”or“Irodethebuswiththesecrazypeoplewhowerelaughingatsillyjokesintheback.”Itjustopensupconversation.(它可以帶入“我有這輛破舊的車(chē)”或“我和那些在后面嘲笑愚蠢笑話的瘋子一起乘坐公共汽車(chē)。”它只是打開(kāi)了對(duì)話)”可知，設(shè)空處應(yīng)該是提了一個(gè)不太好的問(wèn)題，只是開(kāi)始交流，但并不會(huì)給人留下有趣的印象。由此可知，C項(xiàng)“Ifyouaskthequestion“Howdidyougethere?”(如果你問(wèn)“你是怎么到這里來(lái)的？”這個(gè)問(wèn)題)”能夠承接下文，符合題意。故選C項(xiàng)。【38題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Ifyoucan’ttaketheirwineaway,youshouldcertainlytrytotakeawaytheirsoapbox.Ifyou’rethehost,youcanaskthemtohelpyouinthekitchenwithsomethingandjustremovethemfromthesituation.(如果你不能拿走他們的酒，你當(dāng)然應(yīng)該讓他們離開(kāi)講話的地方。如果你是主人，你可以讓他們到廚房幫你做點(diǎn)什么，只是為了讓他們擺脫那種情景)”可知，此處指出了一個(gè)問(wèn)題的解決辦法。由此推知，設(shè)空處提到了一個(gè)棘手的問(wèn)題。F項(xiàng)“Whataboutthepersonwhohashadtoomuchtodrinkorwon’tstoptalking(喝太多酒或一直說(shuō)個(gè)不停的人怎么辦)”正是提出的問(wèn)題，引出下文的解決辦法，符合題意。故選F項(xiàng)。【39題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Ifyoucan’ttaketheirwineaway,youshouldcertainlytrytotakeawaytheirsoapbox(講臺(tái)).Ifyou’rethehost,youcanaskthemtohelpyouinthekitchenwithsomethingandjustremovethemfromthesituation.(如果你不能拿走他們的酒，你當(dāng)然應(yīng)該讓他們離開(kāi)講話的地方。如果你是主人，你可以讓他們到廚房幫你做點(diǎn)什么，只是為了讓他們擺脫那種情景)”可知，本段主要是為解決“喝太多酒或一直說(shuō)個(gè)不停”這個(gè)問(wèn)題提供方法。由此可知，E項(xiàng)“Orturntheconversationintoatopicwheretheyhavelittletosay(或者把談話變成他們沒(méi)什么可說(shuō)的話題)”是提出的另一個(gè)解決辦法，承接上文，符合題意。故選E項(xiàng)。【40題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Ifyou’refacedwithanawkwardsilenceatadinnerparty,theonlythingthatalwaysgetseveryonetalkingagainistogivethehostacompliment.(如果你在晚宴上遭遇了尷尬的沉默，唯一能讓大家再次交談的方法就是贊美主人)”可知，此處指出贊美主人可以緩解尷尬的沉默，設(shè)空處承上啟下，下文“Thiscakeisextremelydeliciousandyouhavetotellmeallaboutit.(這蛋糕特別好吃，你得告訴我它的一切)”對(duì)主人進(jìn)行了贊美。由此可知，宴會(huì)上出現(xiàn)尷尬的沉默時(shí)，最尷尬的就是主人，所以需要贊美主人來(lái)緩解尷尬。G項(xiàng)“Heorsheisthepersonwhoisfeelingtheweightofthatawkwardnessthemost(他或她是最能感受到那種尷尬的人)”承上啟下，符合題意。故選G項(xiàng)3.【2021·新高考I卷】Paris.____andIjustspentaweekinParis.____36____Sothefirstthingwedidwasrentafantasticallyexpensivesixth-floorapartmentthesizeofacupboard.Itwassotinythatwehadtoleaveoursuitcasesinthehallway.Theplacewasn’tentirelyauthentic,though.UnlikeanormalParisianapartment,theplumbing(水管)worked.____37____Ourbuildingevenhadatinyliftwithafemalevoicethatsaid,“Ouverturedesportes,”inperfectFrench.ThatistheonlyFrenchphraseImastered,andit’sashameIdon’thavemuchuseforit.Parisiansaredifferentfromyouandme.Theyneverlooklazyoruntidy.Assomeonenotedinthispaperacoupleofweeksago,theyeatgreatfoodandnevergainweight.____38____Frenchstrawberriesdonottastelikecardboard.Instead,theyexplodeinyourmouthlikelittleflavorbombs.____39____OnourfirstmorninginParis,Iwentaroundthecornertothefoodmarkettopickupsomegroceries.Iboughtahandfulofperfectlyripesmallstrawberriesandalittlesweetmelon.MyhusbandandIagreedtheywerethebestfruitwehadevereaten.Buttheycost$18!InFrance,qualityoflifeismuchmoreimportantthanefficiency.crowded.____thisbycaféslife.Frenchcafésarealwayscrowded.____40____Whendothesepeoplework?TheFrenchtaketheir35-hourworkweekseriously—soseriouslythatsomelaborunionsrecentlystruckadealwithagroupofcompanieslimitingthenumberofhoursthatindependentcontractorscanbeoncall.A.Notallthecustomersaretourists.B.ThequalityoflifeinFranceisequallyexcellent.C.Therewasanicekitchenandacomfortablebed.D.Theamazingfoodismainlyconsumedbylocalfarmers.E.That’snottheonlyreasontheFrencheatlessthanwedo.F.Ouraimwastoseeifwecouldlive,insomeway,likerealParisians.G.Thefoodissodeliciousthatyoudon’tneedmuchofittomakeyouhappy.36.F37.C38.G39.E40.A【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要講述了作者夫婦兩人在巴黎的居住的感受。首先，作者介紹了她住的房子；其次，說(shuō)明了巴黎人生活非常精致的原因；最后，說(shuō)明法國(guó)人對(duì)待生活的態(tài)度，相較于工作效率他們更看重生活品質(zhì)。【36題詳解】上文“MyhusbandandIjustspentaweekinParis.(我丈夫和我剛在巴黎待了一周)”說(shuō)明了背景；下文“Sothefirstthingwedidwasrentafantasticallyexpensivesixth-floorapartmentthesizeofacupboard.(所以我們做的第一件事就是租了一個(gè)非常昂貴公寓，在第六層，只有一個(gè)櫥柜那么大)”是空格處的結(jié)果，因此空格處需要填原因；根據(jù)F項(xiàng)“Ouraimwastoseeifwecouldlive,insomeway,likerealParisians.(我們的目標(biāo)是看看我們是否在某種程度上可以活的像巴黎人。)”可知，作者要在巴黎住下來(lái)，所以需要租房子，兩句構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系。故選F項(xiàng)。【37題詳解】上文“Theplacewasn’tentirelyauthentic,though.(不過(guò)，這個(gè)地方并不是地道的法國(guó)住房)”是段落的中心句，說(shuō)明第二段主要內(nèi)容是講解公寓的情況。下文提到了樓宇和電梯的情況。C項(xiàng)“Therewasanicekitchenandacomfortablebed.(有一個(gè)漂亮的廚房和一張舒適的床)”提到了廚房和床，這些都屬于公寓的配置。故選C項(xiàng)。【38題詳解】上文“...theyeatgreatfoodandnevergainweight.(他們吃得很好，而且從不發(fā)胖)”提及了食物。下文“Frenchstrawberriesdonottastelikecardboard.Instead,theyexplodeinyourmouthlikelittleflavorbombs.(法國(guó)草莓嘗起來(lái)不像紙板。相反，它們會(huì)像小炸彈一樣在你嘴里爆炸)”在說(shuō)明法國(guó)的草莓很好吃。上下文結(jié)合可知，因?yàn)榉▏?guó)的食物質(zhì)量很高，所以不用吃很多就能很滿足，同時(shí)吃的少也就不會(huì)發(fā)胖了。G項(xiàng)“Thefoodissodeliciousthatyoudon’tneedmuchofittomakeyouhappy.(食物是如此美味，你不需要吃太多就能使你快樂(lè))”符合語(yǔ)境要求。故選G項(xiàng)。【39題詳解】第三段主要描述了作者夫妻去了采購(gòu)了食物，買(mǎi)了草莓。下文“MyhusbandandIagreedtheywerethebestfruitwehadevereaten.Buttheycost$18!(我丈夫和我都認(rèn)為這是我們吃過(guò)的最好的水果。但它們要18美元!)”說(shuō)明法國(guó)的水果好吃但是也很貴。選項(xiàng)E“That'snottheonlyreasontheFrencheatlessthanwedo.(這并不是法國(guó)人吃得比我們少的唯一原因)”承接了上一段關(guān)于法國(guó)人吃的少但是不胖的話題，同時(shí)引起下文，給出了法國(guó)人吃的少的另一個(gè)原因‘物價(jià)貴’。故選E項(xiàng)。【40題詳解】根據(jù)上文“InFrance,qualityoflifeismuchmoreimportantthanefficiency(效率).Youcantellthisbycaféslife.Frenchcafésarealwayscrowded.(在法國(guó)生活質(zhì)量比效率更重要。這一點(diǎn)你能從咖啡館生活看出來(lái)。法國(guó)的咖啡廳總是很擁擠)”可知，上文說(shuō)明了法國(guó)人對(duì)待工作不是很積極且咖啡廳里顧客很多。下文“Whendothesepeoplework?(這些人什么時(shí)候工作？)”是一個(gè)問(wèn)句，說(shuō)明本句屬于過(guò)渡句，承接上文說(shuō)明咖啡廳里的造成擁擠的客人的情況，A選項(xiàng)中有“customer”符合咖啡館的情境設(shè)定，同時(shí)講述了不是所有的客人都是游客，那么意味著大部分人都是當(dāng)?shù)厝耍舷挛牡奶釂?wèn)。故選A項(xiàng)。4.【2021·浙江卷】You'vegotmail…andit'sapostcardPauloMagalhaes,a34-year-oldPortuguesecomputerengineer,lovestoopenhismailboxandfindabrightlycoloredpictureofRome'sColosseum.OrAfrica'sVictoriaFalls.OrChina'sGreatWall.___11___"Ioftensendpostcardstofamilyandfriends."hesaystoChinaDaily,"butyoucanimaginethatafterawhile,youneverreceiveasmanyasyousend,andyourealizethatnoteveryoneisintoit___12___”Seekingotherlike-mindedsouls,however,Paulostartedlookinginasomewhatunlikelyplace:online.ManywouldsaytheInternetisaplaceforpeoplewhohavegivenuponthetraditionalpostalservice,butPaulo'shunch（直覺(jué)）paidoff.Todayhishobbyhasdevelopedintothewebsitepostcrossing,asocialnetworkthathasgrownto575,217registeredusersin214countriesandregionssincehestartedit10yearsago.___13___Runningthewebsitehasalmostturnedintoafull-timejob.Languageiscertainlyaharrierformanypeople.Forpostcrossingtoworkworldwide,acommoncommunicationlanguageisneededsothateveryonecanunderstandeachother.AscoolasitmaybetoreceiveapostcardwritteninChinese,theconceptdoesn'tworkifonedoesn'tunderstandit.___14___Soacommonlanguageisrequiredandinpostcrossingthat'sEnglishsinceit'swidelyspoken."ManypeopleinChinahavelimitedexposuretoEnglish.___15___Thatsaid,weknowofmanypostcrossingmembers,includingChinese,whohaveactuallyimprovedtheirEnglishskillsthroughtheiruseofpostcrossing,"Paulosays.A.Andthat'stotallyfineB.ThatmakesitextrahardtolearnandpracticeitC.Helikestothinkofsendingpostcardsasafamily-friendlyhobbyD.Manylovetomakeaconnectionwithsomeonefromacrosstheworld.E.OnAugust5,thenumberofpostcardsexchangedbymemberstopped31million.F.Similarly,ifyouspeakonlyChinese,receivingacardinSwedishtakespartofthefunaway.G.Inshort,helovespostcards,andtheexcitementofgettingahand-writtennotefromsomeonefaraway.11.G12.A13.E14.F15.B【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了PauloMagalhaes創(chuàng)建postcrossing的過(guò)程及其現(xiàn)狀。PauloMagalhaes非常喜歡明信片但是苦于身邊沒(méi)有與他志趣相投的人，于是他開(kāi)始從網(wǎng)上尋求志同道合的人，因而創(chuàng)立了postcrossing。隨著公司在全球不斷壯大，語(yǔ)言成為溝通的主要障礙，后來(lái)英語(yǔ)被選為共同語(yǔ)言方便大家交流。【11題詳解】上文“PauloMagalhaes,a34-year-oldPortuguesecomputerengineer,lovestoopenhismailboxandfindabrightlycoloredimageofRome'sColosseum.OrAfrica'sVictoriaFalls.OrChina’sGreatWall.(34歲的葡萄牙電腦工程師PauloMagalhaes喜歡打開(kāi)他的郵箱，然后發(fā)現(xiàn)一個(gè)色彩鮮艷的羅馬斗牛場(chǎng)圖像。或者非洲的維多利亞瀑布。或者是中國(guó)的長(zhǎng)城)”...Paulo喜歡明信片的個(gè)人愛(ài)好。下文“...andyourealizethatnoteveryoneisintoit.”說(shuō)明他身邊缺少與他志趣相投的人。選項(xiàng)G“Inshort,helovespostcards,andtheexcitementofgettingascribblednotefromsomeonefaraway.(簡(jiǎn)而言之，他喜歡明信片，也喜歡收到遠(yuǎn)方某人潦草的便條時(shí)的那種興奮)”起到承上啟下的作用，總結(jié)了上文Paulo喜歡明信片，也引出下文關(guān)于他的喜好得不到回應(yīng)的問(wèn)題。故選G項(xiàng)。【12題詳解】上文““Ioftensendpostcardstofamilyandfriends."hesaystoChinaDaily,“butyoucanimaginethatafterawhile,youneverreceiveasmanyasyousend,andyourealizethatnoteveryoneisintoit(“我經(jīng)常給家人和朋友寄明信片，”他說(shuō)，“但你可以想象，過(guò)一段時(shí)間，你收到的明信片不會(huì)像你寄的那么多，而且你意識(shí)到并不是每個(gè)人都喜歡這樣。”)”說(shuō)明Paulo意識(shí)到身邊的親人和朋友不是都和他有相同的愛(ài)好，因此他也很坦然接受這個(gè)事實(shí)，因此選項(xiàng)A“那完全沒(méi)問(wèn)題”符合語(yǔ)境。故選A項(xiàng)。【13題詳解】上文“TodayhishobbyhasevolvedintothewebsitePostcrossing,asocialnetworkthathasgrownto575,217registeredusersin214countriesandregionssincehelaunchedit10yearsago.(如今，他的這個(gè)愛(ài)好已經(jīng)發(fā)展成了Postcrossing這個(gè)社交網(wǎng)站。自從10年前他創(chuàng)建這個(gè)網(wǎng)站以來(lái)，已經(jīng)有來(lái)自214個(gè)國(guó)家和地區(qū)的名注冊(cè)用戶)”是在介紹目前網(wǎng)站的發(fā)展?fàn)顩r，因此符合文意的只有E選項(xiàng)“8月5日，會(huì)員互贈(zèng)的明信片數(shù)量達(dá)到3100萬(wàn)張”是在介紹該網(wǎng)站相關(guān)的數(shù)據(jù)。故選E項(xiàng)。【14題詳解】上文“AscoolasitmaybetoreceiveapostcardwritteninChinese,theconceptdoesn'tworkifonedoesn'tunderstandit.(收到一張用中文寫(xiě)明信片可能很酷，但如果你不理解它，這個(gè)概念就行不通)”是舉例說(shuō)明他國(guó)人收到中文明信片時(shí)的問(wèn)題。選項(xiàng)F“Similarly,ifyouspeakonlyChinese,receivingacardwritteninSwedishtakespartofthefunaway.(同樣地，如果你只會(huì)說(shuō)中文，收到瑞典語(yǔ)的卡片也會(huì)奪走一部分樂(lè)趣)”是舉例說(shuō)明中國(guó)人收到他國(guó)語(yǔ)言明信片時(shí)也會(huì)遇到相同的問(wèn)題。兩句相結(jié)合，符合結(jié)論句的語(yǔ)義要求，故選F項(xiàng)。【15題詳解】上文“ManypeopleinChinahavelimitedexposuretoEnglish.(許多中國(guó)人很少能接觸到英語(yǔ))”說(shuō)明對(duì)某些人來(lái)說(shuō)學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的門(mén)檻較高。結(jié)合下文“...whoactuallyimprovedtheirEnglishskillsthroughtheiruseofpostcrossing.(他們實(shí)際上通過(guò)使用明信片來(lái)提高他們的英語(yǔ)技能)”可知，寫(xiě)明信片成為一種練習(xí)英語(yǔ)的渠道。因此選項(xiàng)B“這使得學(xué)習(xí)和練習(xí)它變得格外困難”符合語(yǔ)境要求，說(shuō)明對(duì)一些人來(lái)說(shuō)學(xué)習(xí)和練習(xí)英語(yǔ)的難度較高，因?yàn)榍垒^少。故選B項(xiàng)。5.【2021·浙江卷（1月）】Yourunintothegrocerystoretopickuponebottleofwater.Yougetwhatyouneed,headtothefront,andchoosethelinethatlooksfastest.Youchosewrong.Peoplewhoyousweargotinotherlineslongafteryouarealreadycheckedoutandofftotheparkinglot.11．Itturnsout,it'sjustmathworkingagainstyou;chancesare,theotherlinereallyisfaster.Grocerystorestrytohaveenoughemployeesatcheckouttogetalltheircustomersthroughwithminimumdelay.12．Anysmallinterruption-apricecheck,achattycustomer-canhavedownstreameffects,holdingupanentireline.Iftherearethreelinesinthestore,delayswillhappenrandomlyatdifferentregisters.Thinkabouttheprobability:13．Soit'snotjustinyourmind:Anotherlineprobablyismovingfaster.Researchershaveagoodwaytodealwiththisproblem.Makeallcustomersstandinonelong,snakingline-calledaserpentineline-andserveeachpersonatthefrontwiththenextavailableregister.14．Thisiswhattheydoatmostbanksandfast-foodrestaurants.Withaserpentineline,alongdelayatoneregisterwon'tunfairlypunishthepeoplewholinedupbehindit.Instead,itwillslowdowneveryonealittlebitbutspeedupcheckoutoverall.15．Ittakesmanyregisterstokeeponelinemovingquickly,andsomestorescan'taffordtheceormanpower.Sowhereveryournextwaitmaybe:Goodluck.A．Whydoesthisalwaysseemtohappentoyou?B．Sowhydon'tmostplacesencourageserpentinelines?C．Someofthemayhavestoodinaqueueforalmostanhour.D．Thechancesofyourlinebeingthefastestareonlyoneinthree.E.Howhighistheprobabilitythatyouareinthefastestwaitingline?F.Withthreeregisters,thismethodismuchfasterthanthetraditionalapproach.G.Butsometimes,asonaSundayafternoon,thesystemgetsparticularlybusy.11．A12．G13．D14．F15．B【分析】本文是說(shuō)明文。文章說(shuō)明了雜貨店排隊(duì)方式以及研究人員提出的蛇形隊(duì)伍的新方式，并分析了各自的利弊。11．下文“Itturnsout,it'sjustmathworkingagainstyou;chancesare,theotherlinereallyisfaster.（原來(lái)，這只是你的數(shù)學(xué)問(wèn)題；很可能，另一個(gè)隊(duì)伍真的更快。）”解釋了上文“Youchosewrong.(你選錯(cuò)了)”的原因，下文與空格處是因果關(guān)系，所以本空應(yīng)該是對(duì)前文選錯(cuò)提出疑惑，故選A項(xiàng)。12．上文“Grocerystorestrytohaveenoughemployeesatcheckouttogetalltheircustomersthroughwithminimumdelay.（雜貨店盡量讓足夠的員工在結(jié)賬時(shí)讓所有的顧客以最小的延誤完成結(jié)賬。）”解釋了雜貨店之前的工作模式，下文“Anysmallinterruptionapricecheck,achattycustomer-canhavedownstreameffects,holdingupanentireline.（任何一個(gè)小小的中斷，一個(gè)價(jià)格檢查，一個(gè)喋喋不休的顧客，都會(huì)產(chǎn)生下游效應(yīng)，拖住整個(gè)生產(chǎn)線。）”描述了雜貨店的特殊情況，故本空應(yīng)該填出現(xiàn)特殊情況的原因，故選G項(xiàng)。13．根據(jù)上文“Iftherearethreelinesinthestore,delayswillhappenrandomlyatdifferentregisters.（如果雜貨店中有三列隊(duì)伍，延遲將在不同的隊(duì)伍中隨機(jī)發(fā)生。）”聯(lián)系下文“Soit'snotjustinyourmind:Anotherlineprobablyismovingfaster.（所以這不僅僅是在你的腦海里：另一條隊(duì)伍可能移動(dòng)得更快。）”可知本空說(shuō)的是任何一個(gè)隊(duì)伍都有可能出現(xiàn)問(wèn)題。你的隊(duì)伍跑得最快的幾率只有三分之一。故選D項(xiàng)。14．根據(jù)“上文Researchershaveagoodwaytodealwiththisproblem.(我們得知研究人員有一個(gè)很好的方法來(lái)處理這個(gè)問(wèn)題)”以及下文“Thisiswhattheydoatmostbanksandfast-foodrestaurants.Withaserpentineline,alongdelayatoneregisterwon'tunfairlypunishthepeoplewholinedupbehindit.Instead,itwillslowdowneveryonelittlebitbutspeedupcheckoutoverall.（這個(gè)大多數(shù)銀行和快餐店都是這樣做的。有了一條蜿蜒的隊(duì)伍，在一個(gè)登記處長(zhǎng)時(shí)間拖延不會(huì)不公平地懲罰后面排隊(duì)的人。相反，它會(huì)減慢每個(gè)人一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)，但加快了整體結(jié)帳速度。）”說(shuō)明這個(gè)新方案迅速有效，聯(lián)系上下文可知，空格中應(yīng)該是與舊的結(jié)賬方案作比較。故選F項(xiàng)。15．結(jié)合下文“Ittakesmanyregisterstokeeponelinemovingquickly,andsomestorescan'taffordtheceormanpower.（要保持一條生產(chǎn)線的快速運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)，需要很多的收銀機(jī)，而且有些商店負(fù)擔(dān)不起空間和人力。）”說(shuō)明了一個(gè)原因，由此可知，空格處提出了一個(gè)問(wèn)題；通過(guò)“Ittakesmanyregisterstokeeponelinemovingquickly.(保持一條生產(chǎn)線的快速運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn))”可知這里描述的是不鼓勵(lì)蛇形隊(duì)伍的原因。故選B項(xiàng)。二、2021屆模擬題一、（遼寧省“決勝新高考?名校交流“2021屆高三3月聯(lián)考）Personaldevelopmentdoesn'tjusthappen.16．Self-developmentrequireshardwork,devotionandanever-growingskill.So，whatnewskillsdoyouneedtopowerforward?Onyourjourneytowardyourbestself,youneedtosetgoals.Thekeyisbalance:Ifyourgoalsaretoohigh,you'llgetdiscouragedwhenyoufallshort.17．Thebetterapproachistothinkinmilestones.Ifyouwanttobeanovelist,don'tsetagoaltofinishabookinaweek.Focusongettingacoupleofpagesdoneeachday,oronwritingachaptereachweek.Thismeasurableprogressismoresustainableandfulfilling.18．Tokeepgoingwhentimesaretough,youhavetolearnhowtomanageyourstresslevels.Iflightwalkshelpyoukeepyourheadonstraight,scheduleoneforyourlunchperiodeveryday.IfyouneedtotakeSundaysofftorechargeforthenextweek,it'smorethanacceptabletodoso.Organizationisaskillthatcomesmorenaturallytosomepeoplethanothers.Ifyou'reanaturallymessyperson,startsmall.Otherwise,you'llbeataloss.19．Cleanupyourbedroomoryourcar.Ifphysicalcleaningisstressful,startbycuttingoutfilesfromyourcomputer.Believeitornot,onecleancecansetthetonefortherestofyourlife.Ontheroadofpersonaldevelopment,you'llrunintosomebarriers.Nobodybutyoucanremovethesefromyourpath.20．Perhapsanxietyiskeepingyoufromdoingyourbestwork.Insteadofstrugglingthroughit,quietlytakeamentalhealthday.A．Personalgrowthneedsstressmanagement.B．Focusontheplaceswhereyouspendthemosttime.C．Youcan'texpecttowakeupthenextdaywithnewskills.D．Don'tletpersonalchallengesstandinthewayofyourgrowth.E.That'swhyproblemsolvingisavitalskillforself-development.F.Youabsolutelydon'tneedtodisclosewhyyou'retakingasickday.G.Starttoosmall,andyou'llbecomesatisfiedwithyourprogresstooearly.【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述了個(gè)人發(fā)展所需要具備的技能。16．C【分析】根據(jù)上文“Personaldevelopmentdoesn'tjusthappen.（個(gè)人發(fā)展不是憑空發(fā)生的。）”和下文“Self-developmentrequireshardwork,devotionandanever-growingskill.（自我發(fā)展需要努力工作、奉獻(xiàn)精神和不斷增長(zhǎng)的技能。）”可知，空處對(duì)上文進(jìn)行解釋說(shuō)明，不能指望一覺(jué)醒來(lái)就有了新技能。C項(xiàng)：Youcan'texpecttowakeupthenextdaywithnewskills.（你不能指望第二天醒來(lái)就能學(xué)到新技能。）符合語(yǔ)境。故選C。17．G【分析】根據(jù)上文“Thekeyisbalance:Ifyourgoalsaretoohigh,you'llgetdiscouragedwhenyoufallshort.（關(guān)鍵是平衡：如果你的目標(biāo)太高，當(dāng)你沒(méi)有達(dá)到目標(biāo)時(shí)，你會(huì)感到沮喪。）可知，空處說(shuō)明為了保持平衡，設(shè)置的目標(biāo)也不能太小。G項(xiàng)：Starttoosmall,andyou'llbecomesatisfiedwithyourprogresstooearly.（起步太小，你會(huì)太早對(duì)自己的進(jìn)步感到滿意。）符合語(yǔ)境。故選G。18．A【分析】空處為段落主題句。根據(jù)下文“Tokeepgoingwhentimesaretough,youhavetolearnhowtomanageyourstresslevels.（為了在困難時(shí)期繼續(xù)前進(jìn)，你必須學(xué)會(huì)如何管理你的壓力水平。）”可知，本段主要講述的是要管理好壓力。A項(xiàng)：Personalgrowthneedsstressmanagement.（個(gè)人成長(zhǎng)需要壓力管理。）符合語(yǔ)境。故選A。19．B【分析】根據(jù)下文“Cleanupyourbedroomoryourcar.（打掃你的臥室或你的車(chē)。）”和“Believeitornot,onecleancecansetthetonefortherestofyourlife.（信不信由你，一個(gè)干凈的空間可以為你的余生定下基調(diào)。）”可知，空處說(shuō)明要關(guān)注自己經(jīng)常活動(dòng)的空間。B項(xiàng)：Focusontheplaceswhereyouspendthemosttime.（把注意力集中在你花最多時(shí)間的地方。）符合語(yǔ)境。故選B。20．E【分析】根據(jù)上文“Ontheroadofpersonaldevelopment,you'llrunintosomebarriers.Nobodybutyoucanremovethesefromyourpath.（在個(gè)人發(fā)展的道路上，你會(huì)遇到一些障礙。除了你，沒(méi)有人能把這些從你的道路上移除。）”可知，空處總結(jié)人生道路上會(huì)遇到的障礙是需要解決問(wèn)題的原因。E項(xiàng)：That'swhyproblemsolvingisavitalskillforself-development.（這就是為什么解決問(wèn)題對(duì)于自我發(fā)展是一項(xiàng)至關(guān)重要的技能。）符合語(yǔ)境。故選E。二、（江西省宜春市2021屆高三4月模擬）Self-confidenceisconnectedwithalmosteveryaspectofahappyandfulfillinglife.16．Ifyouhavebeenlackinginconfidence,you’reprobablyfamiliarwithoverthinking17．Butbybeingconfident,youwillbeabletobreakthecycleofover-thinking,18．Ifyouhaveeverlearnedalanguage,masteredaskill,reachedafitnessgoal,orotherwiseovercomesetbackstogettowhereyouwantedtobe,you’rewellonyourway.Youmightbethinking,“Well,sure,Iwasproudofmy‘A’inCalculusbackinhighschool,butwhatdoesthathavetodowithanythingnow?”Lookingbackonyourlife,you’llpossiblyfindthateveryaccomplishmenttakesefforts.19．Asyourconfidencegrows,you’llfindyourselfmoredriventoimproveyourabilities.20．Butwithself-assurance,thosethoughtswillnolongerbeparalyzing(令人麻痹的).Instead,you’llbeabletosmileandactanyway,feelingenergizedbyyourprogressinachievinggoalswhichmeansomethingtoyou.A．“What-if”thoughtswillstillarise:“WhatifIfail?”B．Themoreconfidentyouare,themorefaithyouwillhaveinyourself.C．Itisrelatedtoanxietyandworry,whichcanmakeuscutofffromtheworld.D．Buildingself-confidencerequiresyoutokeepapositiveattitudetowardsyourlife.E.Buildingconfidencemeanstakingsmallstepsthatleavealastingsenseofaccomplishment.F.Apersonwithself-confidencegenerallylikesthemselvesandthinkspositivelyaboutthefuture.G..Ifyoucouldovercomedifficultiesthen,youcandoitinotherareasofyourlifewhereyoufeelself-doubt.【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了自信的重要性以及如何建立自信的幾點(diǎn)建議。16．B【分析】根據(jù)前一句話“Self-confidenceisconnectedwithalmosteveryaspectofahappyandfulfillinglife.（自信幾乎和幸福充實(shí)生活的方方面聯(lián)系。）”是在強(qiáng)調(diào)自信的重要性。選項(xiàng)中只有B項(xiàng)“Themoreconfidentyouare,themorefaithyouwillhaveinyourself.（你越自信，越對(duì)自己有信心。）”是在強(qiáng)調(diào)自信的重要性，選項(xiàng)中的confident遇上文的Self-confidence一致，故選B。17．C【分析】考察上下文銜接根據(jù)后面轉(zhuǎn)折連詞But可知此處與“Butbybeingconfident,youwillbeabletobreakthecycleofover-thinking（自信，你就能夠打破多慮的怪圈）”是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。這一段在講缺乏自信的表現(xiàn)，即多慮。C選項(xiàng)“Itisrelatedtoanxietyandworry,whichcanmakeuscutofffromtheworld.（多慮和焦慮憂愁相聯(lián)系，可使得我們切斷和世界的聯(lián)系。）”中it指代over-thinking，和上文銜接。故選C。18．E【分析】本段在講如何增強(qiáng)自信。根據(jù)下文“Ifyouhaveeverlearnedalanguage,masteredaskill,reachedafitnessgoal,orotherwiseovercomesetbackstogettowhereyouwantedtobe,you’rewellonyourway.（如果你曾經(jīng)學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)一門(mén)語(yǔ)言，掌握過(guò)一項(xiàng)技能，達(dá)到過(guò)一個(gè)健身目標(biāo)，或者克服了挫折，達(dá)到了你想要的目標(biāo)，那么你就上道了。）”可知，這些小的事情可以讓你“上道”，獲得一種成就感。而E項(xiàng)“Buildingconfidencemeanstakingsmallstepsthatleavealastingsenseofaccomplishment.（增強(qiáng)自信意味著從邁小步子開(kāi)始，以此獲得持久的成就感。）”與本段主體一致，故選E。19．G【分析】根據(jù)上文“Lookingbackonyourlife,you’llpossiblyfindthateveryaccomplishmenttakesefforts.”（回首往事，你可能會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)取得每項(xiàng)成就都需要努力）提到了effort努力，而克服困難去做事情就是一種努力的表現(xiàn)。G項(xiàng)“Ifyoucouldovercomedifficultiesthen,youcandoitinotherareasofyourlifewhereyoufeelself-doubt.（如果你能克服困難，你就可以在你感到自我懷疑的其他領(lǐng)域成功。）”在強(qiáng)調(diào)努力（克服困難）與成功的關(guān)系，故選G。20．A【分析】根據(jù)后文轉(zhuǎn)折詞But可知，此處與“Butwithself-assurance,thosethoughtswillnolongerbeparalyzing(有了自信這些想法就不再麻痹了。)”是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，thosethoughts表明此處應(yīng)該會(huì)提到不自信的想法。只有A選項(xiàng)“What-if”thoughtswillstillarise:“WhatifIfail?”（“如果”的想法仍然會(huì)出現(xiàn)：“如果我失敗了怎么辦？”）指明了自我懷疑想法的具體內(nèi)容。故選A。三、（山東省棗莊市2021屆高三模擬4月）Everytimeyou'reonline.youarebombardedbypictures,articles,linksandvideostryingtotelltheirstories.16．Sometimestheywantyoutoclickonanotherstoryoradvertisementattheirownsite,othertimestheywanttoupsetpeopleforpoliticalreasons.Expertsinmediastudiesandonlinepsychologyhavebeenexaminingthefakenewsphenomenon.Readthesetips,anddon'tgetfooled!Checkthesource.17．Fakenewswebsitesoftenuseaddressesthatsoundlikerealnewpers,butdon'thavemanyrealnewpers,butdon'thavemanyrealstoriesaboutothertopics.Ifyouaren'tsure,clickonthe“About”pageandlookforacleardescriptionoftheorganization.18．Looktoseeifthestoryyouarereadingisonothernewssitesthatyouknowandtrust.Ifyoudofinditonmanyothersites,thenitprobablyisn'tfake,asmanybignewsorganizationstrytochecktheirsourcesbeforetheypublishastory.Thereareothertechniquesthatfakenewsuses.TheseincludeusingALLCAPSandlotsofadsthatpopupwhenyouclickonalink.19．Ifthenewsstorymakesyouangry,it'sprobablydesignedtomakeyouangry.Ifyouknowthesethingsaboutonlinenews,andcanapplytheminyoureverydaylife,thenyouhavethecontroloverwhattoread,whattob