書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區的她考研考博-英語-四川商務職業學院押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第壹套一.全考點押題密卷-綜合訓練(共50題)1.單選題

Theindustrialcommunityshouldbecloseenoughtothecrowdedcentersbutdistantenoughtoreduce______hazards(危險).

問題1選項

A.feasible

B.positive

C.potential

D.substantial

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項feasible“可行的”；B選項positive“積極的”；C選項potential“潛在的”；D選項substantial“實質的”。句意：工業社區應該離擁擠的中心足夠近，但又要足夠遠，以減少潛在的危害。本句表示潛在的危害。因此C選項正確。

2.單選題

Whentrappedindriftingsands,donotstruggle,oryouwillbe（

）indeeper.

問題1選項

A.absorbed

B.pushed

C.heaved

D.sucked

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞辨析。absorb意為“吸收（液體、氣體等）”；push意為“推，推動”；heave意為“舉起”；suck意為“吸取，吸入，卷進入”，besuckedin意為“被吸進，被卷入”。

句意：當被困在流沙中時，不要掙扎，否則你回被吸進去更深。

3.單選題

Althoughcatscannotseeincompletedarkness,theireyesaremuchmore（）tolightthanarehumaneyes.

問題1選項

A.glowing

B.brilliant

C.sensitive

D.gloomy

【答案】C

【解析】句意:盡管貓在完全黑暗的環境中看不到任何東西，但是相比人類的眼睛，它們的眼晴對光卻更加敏感。

考查形容詞辨析。glowing熱烈贊揚的，熱情洋溢的;brilliant閃耀的，杰出的，精彩的；sensitive體貼的，體恤的，善解人意的，感覺敏銳的；gloomy黑暗的，沮喪的，陰郁的。由轉折對比提示詞Although(盡管)可知C符合句意。

4.單選題

Manynovelsthatattempttomirrortheworldarereally（

）oftherealitythatthey

represent.

問題1選項

A.reflections

B.demonstrations

C.illuminations

D.reproductions

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。reflection“反映”；demonstration“示范”；illumination“照明”；reproduction“繁殖”。句意：許多試圖向世界反映現實的小說，都反映了他們所代表的現實。選項A符合題意。

5.單選題

ThenewtechnologicalrevolutioninAmericannewspapershasbroughtincreased（）,awiderrangeofpublicationsandanexpansionofnewspaperjobs.

問題1選項

A.circulation

B.reproduction

C.manipulation

D.penetration

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。circulation發行量；reproduction繁殖，再生產；manipulation操縱，處理；penetration滲透，突破。由空格后的內容可知，美國報紙的新技術變革帶來了好影響，那么對于報紙本身來說，最好影響就是發行量的增加。故A項正確。句意：美國報業的新技術革命讓報紙發行量增加，帶來了更多出版物，并且增加了報紙的就業機會。

6.單選題

Intheirworldofdarkness,itwouldseemlikelythatsomeoftheanimalsmighthavebecomeblind,ashashappenedtosomecavefauna.So,indeed,manyofthemhave,compensatingforthelackofeyeswithmarvelouslydevelopedfeelersandlong,slenderfinsandprocesseswithwhichtheygropetheirway,likesomanyblindmenwithcanes,theirwholeknowledgeoffriends,enemies,orfoodcomingtothemthroughthesenseoftouch.

Thelasttracesofplantlifeareleftbehindinthethinupperlayerofwaterfornoplantcanlivebelowabout600feeteveninveryclearwater,andfewfindenoughsunlightfortheirfood-manufacturingactivitiesbelow200feet.Sincenoanimalcanmakeitsownfood,thecreaturesofthedeeperwatersliveastrange,almostparasiticexistenceofutterdependenceontheupperlayers.Thesehungrycarnivorespreyfiercelyandrelentlesslyuponeachother,yetthewholecommunityisultimatelydependentupontheslowrainofdescendingfoodparticlesfromabove.Thecomponentsofthisnever-endingrainarethedeadanddyingplantsandanimalsfromthesurface,orfromoneoftheintermediatelayers.Foreachofthehorizontalzonesorcommunitiesoftheseathatliebetweenthesurfaceandtheseabottom,thefoodsupplyisdifferentandingeneralpoorerthanforthelayerabovehavebeenrecordedforcomparisonwithsoundsheardatsea,andinmanycasessatisfactoryidentificationcanbemade.

DuringtheSecondWorldWarthehydrophonenetworksetupbytheUnitedStatesNavytoprotecttheentrancetoChesapeakeBaywastemporarilymadeuselesswhen,inthespringof1942，thespeakersatthesurfacebegantogiveforth,everyevening,asounddescribedasbeinglike“apneumaticdrilltearinguppavement”.Theextraneousnoisesthatcameoverthehydrophonescompletelymaskedthesoundsofthepassageofships.Eventuallyitwasdiscoveredthatthesoundswerethevoicesoffishknownascroakers,whichinthespringmoveintoChesapeakeBayfromtheoffshorewinteringgrounds.Assoonasthenoisehadbeenidentifiedandanalyzed,itwaspossibletoscreenitoutwithanelectricfilter,sothatoncemoreonlythesoundsofshipscamethroughthespeakers.

1.Manyunderwateranimalscannotseebecause

（

）.

2.Accordingtothetext,whichofthefollowingisNOTauseforahydrophone?

3.Animalsthatlivenearthebottomoftheseaaremostlikelytobecarnivorous

because（

）.

4.Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthestateofoceanographicresearchdoesthetextmostclearlysupport?

5.Theauthor’smainpurposeinthetextisto（

）.

問題1選項

A.thelackoflighthasgraduallyeliminatedtheircapacitytosee

B.theyusesoundwavesinsteadoflighttonavigateinthedarkness.

C.Theyhavelearnedtosurvivewithoutseeingtheirenemiesortheirprey

D.Theirsenseoftouchhaseliminatedtheirneedtosee.

問題2選項

A.Tolistentothesoundofunderseafauna.

B.Tosearchforunknownspeciesoffishandothercreatures.

C.Tomonitorthepassingofsurfacevessels.

D.Todetectsubmergedsubmarines.

問題3選項

A.theyhavedevelopedsharpteethandstrongjawswithwhichtokilltheirprey

B.plantsthatgrowfarbelowthesurfacearenotedible

C.animalscannotmaketheirownfood,sotheyeateachother

D.mostsurfacevegetationiseatenbeforeitsinkstothebottomofthesea

問題4選項

A.Undersearesearchisstillincomplete.

B.Technologyusedinunderseastudiesisstillinaveryprimitivestageofdevelopment.

C.Moreundersearesearchisconductednearshorethaninmid-ocean.

D.Militaryresearchershavemadeseveralmomentousdiscoveriesaboutundersealife.

問題5選項

A.showthattheUnitedStatescoastwasthreatenedbytheenemyinWorldWarII

B.explainsomeofthecomplexitiesofdeepsealife

C.illustratethemainproblemsfacedbyundersearesearchers

D.gainpublicsupportforoceanographicexpeditions

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】1.文章第一段第一句Intheirworldofdarkness,itwouldseemlikelythatsomeoftheanimalsmighthavebecomeblind,ashashappenedtosomecavefauna提到在黑暗的世界，一些動物是看不見的，就比如穴居動物，由此可見，它們看不見是因為周邊的環境是黑暗的，水生動物看不見也是因為生活在黑暗的世界，選項A符合題意。

2.文章最后一段提到水下的這種儀器能夠用來探測潛艇，能夠聽到各種魚蝦發出的聲音，還能聽到croaker發出的聲音。只有選項C符合題意。

3.文章第二段Sincenoanimalcanmakeitsownfood,thecreaturesofthedeeperwatersliveastrange,almostparasiticexistenceofutterdependenceontheupperlayers.Thesehungrycarnivorespreyfiercelyandrelentlesslyuponeachother提到由于這些生物無法自己獲取食物，深水生物只能依靠淺水生物來生存，而那些殘忍的食肉生物相互為食。選項C符合題意。

4.文章最后一段提到二戰后開始使用探測潛艇的水聽器和其他聲音探測器來探測水底，用這些器材可以聽到魚、蝦、海豚和其他尚未分辨出的水底生物發出的多樣的聲音。但是由于這些探測器主要的目的是為了確保船只的安全，因而對海洋的研究還是不夠的。選項A符合題意。

5.文章第一段和第二段主要描述的是海底生物的生存方式：深水生物依靠上層生物，有的生物食同類等。第三段講述了現在對海洋生物的研究，但是還不夠。選項B符合題意。

7.單選題

VII.EconomicLaw

AstheU.S.SupremeCourtaddresseditinDaraPharmaceuticals,Inc.v.Broudo,thelosscausationrequirementexiststoassurethatprivatesecuritiesfraudactionsare“available,nottoprovideinvestorswithbroadinsuranceagainstmarketlosses,buttoprotectthemagainstthoseeconomiclossesthatmisrepresentationsactuallycause.”

CodificationofthecausationrequirementinthePSLRAbrokenonewsubstantiveground.But,astheSupremeCourtalsocounseledinDura,thePSLRA“makesclearCongress’intenttopermitprivatesecuritiesfraudactionsforrecoverywhere,butonlywhere,plaintiffsadequatelyallegeandprovethetraditionalelementsofcausationandloss.”InthewakeofDura,losscausationhasbecomethecriticalelementinbothpleadingandproofinsecuritiesfraudactionsbroughtunderthefraud-on-the-markettheory,firstembracedbyapluralityoftheSupremeCourtinBasic,Inc.v.Levinson.InBasic,theCourtcreatedarebuttablepresumptionofinvestorrelianceonthemarketpriceofasecuritythattradesinan“efficient”market—oneinwhichthemarketpriceispresumedtoreflectallinformationdisseminatedintothatmarketplace.Therebuttablepresumptionofreliancebasedonthefraud-on-the-markettheoryiscriticaltocertificationofinvestorclassactionswhere,withoutit,certificationwouldbevirtuallyimpossibleasindividualquestionsofreliancewouldpredominateoveranycommonquestions.AlthoughtheSupremeCourthasheldthatlosscausationisnotanindividualquestiontobeaddressedasamatterofclasscertification,itisacentralelementofanyprivateactionunderExchangeAct10bandRule10b-5,andmustaccordinglybesufficientlypledtowithstandamotiontodismiss,andultimatelysupportedbyevidence,whetheronsummaryjudgmentorattrial.

Duraistheseminalpronouncementonthenecessaryshowingoflosscausationasamatterofbothpleadingandproofinfraud-on-the-marketcases.TheSupremeCourtinstructedthatlosscausationisneithersufficientlypleadednordemonstratedmerelybyanartificiallyinflatedmarketpriceandalatereconomicloss.Indeed,theCourtcautionedinthesecasesthat“thelogicallinkbetweentheinflatedpurchasepriceandanylatereconomiclossisnotinvariablystrong,”andthatwhileanartificiallyinflatedpurchasemightmeanalaterloss,thatisnotinevitablyso.TheCourtspokeofa“tangleoffactors”affectingmarketpricesofsecurities,andthateventhoughfalseormisleadinginformationdisseminatedintothemarketplacemay“touchupon”alatereconomiclossforinvestors,totouchuponalossisnottocauseit,anditisactualcausationthatthelawrequires.

1.FromthefirstparagraphoneisNOTabletosaythatDaraPharmaceuticals,Inc.v.Broudo___.

2.Whichofthefollowingstatementdescribes“fraud-on-the-markettheory”mostsuitably?

3.LosscausationisNOT___.

4.Losscausationcanbesufficientlydemonstratedby___.

問題1選項

A.washeardbytheUSFederalSupremeCourt

B.wasanactionaboutsecuritiesfraud

C.wasacasewherethecausationrequirementwasdiscussed

D.providedinvestorswithbroadinsuranceagainstmarketlosses

問題2選項

A.ItiscodifiedinthePSLRA

B.Itiscriticaltoofficialrecognitionofinvestorclassactions.

C.ItreflectstheCongress’intenttopermitprivatesecuritiesfraudactions.

D.Itisaboutlosscausation.

問題3選項

A.anindividualquestiontobeaddressedasamatterofclasscertification

B.acentralelementofanyprivateaction

C.thecriticalelementinbothpleadingandproofinsecuritiesfraudactions

D.necessarytobesufficientlypledtowithstandamotiontodismiss

問題4選項

A.anartificiallyinflatedmarketpriceandalatereconomicloss

B.“tangleoffactors”affectingmarketprices

C.plaintiffs’adequateallegationandproofofthetraditionalelementsofcausationandloss

D.falseormisleadinginformationdisseminatedintothemarketplace

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:B

【解析】1.事實細節題。定位到原文第一段AstheU.S.SupremeCourtaddresseditinDaraPharmaceuticals,Inc.v.Broudo,thelosscausationrequirementexiststoassurethatprivatesecuritiesfraudactionsare“available,nottoprovideinvestorswithbroadinsuranceagainstmarketlosses,buttoprotectthemagainstthoseeconomiclossesthatmisrepresentationsactuallycause.”（作為美國最高法院解決它在達拉制藥、公司訴Broudo損失因果關系要求存在，以確保私人證券欺詐行為是“可用的，而不是為投資者提供廣泛的保險市場的損失，但為了保護他們反對那些虛假陳述實際上造成的經濟損失”）可知D選項“為投資者提供針對市場損失的廣泛保險”和原文相悖；A選項“美國聯邦最高法院審理了此案”，B選項“是一個關于證券欺詐的行為”以及C選項“是一個討論了因果關系要求的案例”都可和原文對應。因此D選項符合題意。

2.事實細節題。定位到原文第二段Therebuttablepresumptionofreliancebasedonthefraud-on-the-markettheoryiscriticaltocertificationofinvestorclassactionswhere,withoutit,certificationwouldbevirtuallyimpossibleasindividualquestionsofreliancewouldpredominateoveranycommonquestions.（基于市場欺詐理論的可反駁的信賴推定對投資者集體訴訟的證明至關重要，如果沒有它，證明幾乎是不可能的，因為信賴的個別問題將壓倒任何普通問題。）可知選C選項“這對正式承認投資者集體訴訟至關重要”；A選項“它被編纂在PSLRA中”未提及；第二段第二句But,astheSupremeCourtalsocounseledinDura,thePSLRA“makesclearCongress’intenttopermitprivatesecuritiesfraudactionsforrecoverywhere,butonlywhere,plaintiffsadequatelyallegeandprovethetraditionalelementsofcausationandloss.”（但是，正如最高法院在杜拉所建議的那樣，PSLRA“明確了國會的意圖，即允許私人證券欺詐訴訟在原告充分聲稱和證明因果關系和損失的傳統要素的情況下（但僅在原告充分聲稱和證明的情況下）進行追償”）可知是PSLRA明確了國會的意圖，而不是市場欺詐理論，B選項“它反映了國會允許私人證券欺詐行為的意圖”錯誤，同時可知D選項“關于損失的因果關系”錯誤。因此C選項符合題意。

3.事實細節題。定位到原文第二段末AlthoughtheSupremeCourthasheldthatlosscausationisnotanindividualquestiontobeaddressedasamatterofclasscertification,itisacentralelementofanyprivateactionunderExchangeAct10bandRule10b-5,andmustaccordinglybesufficientlypledtowithstandamotiontodismiss,andultimatelysupportedbyevidence,whetheronsummaryjudgmentorattrial.（盡管最高法院認為，損失的因果關系并非作為類別認證事項處理的個別問題，但根據《交易法》第10b條和第10b-5條，損失的因果關系是任何私人訴訟的核心要素，因此，損失的因果關系必須足夠充分，足以抵擋駁回的動議，并最終獲得證據支持，無論是簡易判決還是審判）可知A選項“作為類別認證的一個單獨問題”和原文不符，B選項“任何私人行動的中心要素”，D選項“需要被充分辯護以抵抗駁回動議”符合原文；第二段losscausationhasbecomethecriticalelementinbothpleadingandproofinsecuritiesfraudactionsbroughtunderthefraud-on-the-markettheory（在以市場欺詐理論為依據的證券欺詐訴訟中，損失因果關系已成為訴辯和證明的關鍵要素）可知C選項“在證券欺詐訴訟中，申辯和證明的關鍵要素”符合題意。因此A選項符合題意。

4.事實細節題。定位到原文第三段末TheCourtspokeofa“tangleoffactors”affectingmarketpricesofsecurities,andthateventhoughfalseormisleadinginformationdisseminatedintothemarketplacemay“touchupon”alatereconomiclossforinvestors,totouchuponalossisnottocauseit,anditisactualcausationthatthelawrequires.（法院指出，影響證券市場價格的“各種因素錯綜復雜”，即使向市場傳播的虛假或誤導性信息可能“觸及”投資者日后的一項經濟損失，但觸及一項損失并非造成損失的原因，而是法律規定的實際原因）可知B選項“影響市場價格的‘一堆因素’”可以充分證明損失的因果關系，同時可知D選項“散布到市場中的虛假或誤導性信息”錯誤；第三段TheSupremeCourtinstructedthatlosscausationisneithersufficientlypleadednordemonstratedmerelybyanartificiallyinflatedmarketpriceandalatereconomicloss.（最高法院指示，造成損失的原因既非充分辯護，也并非僅以人為提高的市場價格及隨后的經濟損失來證明）可知A選項“人為抬高的市場價格和后來的經濟損失”，C選項“原告對傳統的因果關系和損失要素的充分指控和證據”錯誤。因此B選項符合題意。

8.單選題

Hegaveusagood______ofhisexperience.

問題1選項

A.demonstration

B.frequency

C.description

D.instruction

【答案】C

【解析】【試題解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項demonstration“表現，顯露；游行示威”；B選項frequency“重復率”；C選項description“描述；類型”；D選項instruction“命令”。句意：他向我們很好地______了他的經歷。根據語境，這里指的是分享他的經歷，C選項description“描述”符合題意。因此C選項正確。

9.單選題

Themaglevwillactuallyracealongaguidewayatalmost500kilometersperhour,（

）onthemagneticfield.

問題1選項

A.accelerating

B.duplicating

C.floating

D.roaring

【答案】C

【解析】考查現在分詞。accelerating加速的，催化的；duplicating復制，拷貝；floating漂浮，浮動；roaring吼，叫喊。句意：磁懸浮列車將在磁場中以每小時500公里的速度沿著導軌運行。由磁懸浮列車的特點可知“它是漂浮在磁場中”，故C項符合句意。

10.翻譯題

研究人員稱，遠程辦公等彈性工作模式有益于身體健康。研究人員發現，如果人們有條件在家工作，壓縮工作周的時間，那他們就可以選擇更為健康的生活方式，鍛煉身體的機會增多，睡眠也會更好。

可能彈性工作模式讓人們能有更充裕的時間來實現健康的生活方式，或者是它讓人們能更好的安排自己的時間。彈性工作制最初是為了幫助人們（尤其是女性）同時兼顧工作和家庭，但有關證據表明這顯然不僅僅是女性的問題。

研究人員對一家大型醫藥公司職員的“健康風險評估”進行了分析，職員涉及倉儲，生產和管理等多個不同的崗位。

一名研究人員說：“這不僅僅針對管理層，而是涉及到公司各個崗位的員工。”他說，該研究能讓衛生部門和相關機構認識到，給員工更多的自由其實能帶來很多益處。但他也說，要評估彈性工作制的長期益處還需要開展進一步研究。

【答案】Aflexibleworklifesuchastelecommutingisgoodforourhealth,researcherssaid.Theyfoundthatifpeoplehavetheabilitytoworkathomeandtocompressworkweeks,theyaremorelikelytomakehealthierlifestylechoices,toexercisemoreandtosleepbetter.

Perhapsitgivespeoplethetimetofitinhealthierlifestyleintotheireverydayregimenormaybeitjustenablespeopletobettermanagetheirtime.Whiletheprimarypurposebehindtheflexibilitymovementwastohelppeople,especiallywomen,combineworkandfamily,evidencesuggeststhisisclearlynotonlyawomen'sissue.

TheresearchersanalyzeHealthRiskAppraisalsfromemployeesinjobsrangingfromwarehouseandproductionworkerstoexecutivesatalargemultinationalpharmaceuticalcompany.

"It'snotjustaboutmanagement,"saysoneresearcher."It'saboutpeopleineverypositioninthecompany."Hesaidthestudycouldhelphealthdepartmentsandagenciesrealizethatgivingworkersmorefreedomcouldhavemanybenefits.But,headded,furtherresearchwasneededtoassessthelong-termbenefits.

11.翻譯題

Directions:PutthefollowingpassageintoChinese.WriteyourChineseversionintheproperspaceontheAnswerSheet.

Thisgreaterinterdependenceisnotlimitedtothefinancialsector.Thenewchallengesoftodayareglobalinnatureandtherefore,theydemandaglobalresponse.Thisappliestoissuessuchasclimatechange,eneigysecurity,terrorismprevention,traffickingandorganizedcrime.Wecannolongermeetthesechallengesbyclosingthedoorandsimplylookingafterourownhouse.Instead,wemustreachoutandseekcooperation,wherevercooperationismoreeffective.Theworldiscurrentlywitnessingthebroadestanddeepestwaveofglobalizationeverproducinggreatopportunitiesbutalsosomerisks.GlobalizationhashelpedhundredsofmillionsfrompovertyandprovidedbusinesseswiththepossibilitytoinvestandexpandabroaD.Butthosesamebusinessesknowthattheycannolongerliveonpastachievements.Whenwespeakofglobalization,itisimportanttounderstandthatopennessandinterdependencearetherulesofthegame.

Ourcooperationinthefightagainstclimatechangeisparticularlyimportant.Weallknowthatclimatechangeisreal,thatitiscausedbyhumanactivity,andthatitsconsequencesareuniversalandwillbefeltfirstandforemostbythepoorest.Itwillservelittlepurposeifothercountriesdonotjoinincommonaction.Yes,thereisacosttoreducingemissions,butthecostofglobalwarmingandnotjustinthelongtermisgoingtobefarhigher,includingforChina.

【答案】我們之間日益加深的相互依存并不局限于金融領域。今天我們實際面臨的許多新挑戰都是全球性的，因此需要全球做出共同應對。這其中包括了氣候變化、能源安全、制止恐怖主義、販賣毒品和有組織犯罪等。我們已經不能以關起門來獨善其身的方式應對這些挑戰。相反，我們必須伸出雙手尋求合作，因為合作能夠更有效地解決這些問題。世界正經歷著一波最為廣泛和深刻的全球化浪潮，這為我們提供了巨大的機會，但同時也帶來了一些風險。全球化已幫助數以億計的人們擺脫了貧困，并且給企業提供了進行海外投資和擴張的機會。但那些企業也意識到不能夠滿足于自己過去取得的成就。提到全球化，我們必須清楚公開和相互依存是其游戲的規則。

我們在應對氣候變化方面的合作尤其重要。我們現在都認識到氣候的變化是實實在在的，這一變化由人類活動引發，其影響是全球性的并且將首先波及最貧困的人口。如果其他國家不參與共同行動，那么，我們的努力將不會產生結果。是的，我們將為減少溫室氣體排放付出代價，但我們可能在并不遙遠的將來為全球變暖付出遠高于此的代價，中國也不例外。

12.問答題

IfSnowhadownedhisownbenefits,orapproachedhealthcareasaconsumer,asthe

administrationwantspeopletodo,he’dcertainlybesingingadifferenttune.HadSnowstashed

A

afewthousanddollarsinahealthsavingsaccount，whichisoneoftheadministration’schief

B

proposalstoreducetherisingnumberofuninsured,helikelywouldn’thaveenoughcashto

C

D

affordchemotherapy.

【答案】試題答案：C;theuninsured

【解析】考查冠詞。此處表示“沒有保險的人”，需要在uninsured前面加定冠詞the，表示某類人。

13.單選題

Customersinthesemarketsofantiquesaregoodatslashingprices.

問題1選項

A.accessing

B.cutting

C.elevating

D.altering

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞辨析。slash表示“猛砍，削減”；A項access“進入，使用”，B項cut“切斷”，C項elevate“提升，舉起”，D項alter“改變，更改”。句意：這些古董市場的顧客很擅長砍價。根據句意可知B項正確。

14.單選題

Whatimpactcanmobilephoneshaveontheirusers’health?Manypeopleareworriedaboutthesupposedilleffectscausedby（1）fromhandsetsandbasestations,despitethelackof

（2）

evidenceofanyharm.Butevidenceforthe

（3）

effectsofmobilephonesonhealthisrathermoreabundant.Indeed,asystematicreview

（4）

byRifatAtunandhiscolleaguesatImperialCollege,London,roundsup150examplesoftheuseoftext-messaginginthe

（5）

ofhealthcare.Theseuses

（6）

threecategories:efficiencygains;public-healthgains;anddirectbenefitstopatientsby

（7）

text-messagingintotreatmentregimes.Thestudy,

（8）

byVodafone,theworld'slargestmobileoperator,waspublishedthisweek.

Usingtextingto

（9）

efficiencyisnotrocketscience,butbigsavingscanbeachieved.Several

（10）

carriedoutinEnglandhavefoundthattheuseoftext-messagingreminders

（11）

thenumberofmissedappointmentswithfamilydoctorsby26-39%,forexample,andthenumberofmissedhospitalappointments

（12）

33-50%.Ifsuchschemeswererolledoutnationally,thiswould

（13）

annualsavingsofabout256m-364m.

Textmessagesarealsobeingusedto

（14）

patientsaboutbloodtests,clinics,scansanddentalappointments.SimilarschemesinAmerica,NorwayandSwedenhavehad

（15）

satisfyingresults―thoughtheuseoftext-messageremindersintheNetherlands,wherenon-attendanceratesarelow,at4%,hadnoeffectotherthantoannoypatients.

Textmessagescanalsobeagoodwaytodisseminatepublic-healthinformation,

（16）

togroupswhoarehardtoreachbyothermeans,suchasteenagers,orindevelopingcountrieswhereothermeansofcommunicationare

（17）

.TextmessageshavebeenusedinIndiatoinformpeopleabouttheWorldHealthOrganization'sstrategytocontroltuberculosis,forexample,andinKenya,NigeriaandMalltoprovideinformationaboutHIVandmalaria.InIraq,textmessageswereusedtosupportacampaigntovaccinatenearly5mchildrenagainstpolio.

Finally,therearetheusesoftext-messagingaspartofatreatmentregime.Theseinvolvesendingreminderstopatientstotaketheirmedicineatthefighttime,ortoencourage

（18）

withexerciseregimesoreffortstostopsmoking.Theevidencefortheeffectivenessofsuchschemesisgenerallyanecdotal,however,notesDr.Rifat.Morequantitativeresearchisneeded—whichis

（19）

histeamalsopublishedthreepapersthisweekassociatedwiththeuseofmobilephonesinhealthcareinmoredetail.Oneofthesepapers,written

（20）VictoriaFranklinandStephenGreeneoftheUniversityofDundee,inScotland,reportstheresultsofatrialinwhichdiabeticteenagers’treatmentwascarriedoutwithtextmessaging.

問題1選項

A.radiation

B.ration

C.mediation

D.magnetism

問題2選項

A.incredible

B.credible

C.credulous

D.fabulous

問題3選項

A.beneficiary

B.profitable

C.beneficent

D.beneficial

問題4選項

A.werecarriedout

B.arecarriedout

C.carriedout

D.arebeingcarriedout

問題5選項

A.delivery

B.post

C.transportation

D.circulation

問題6選項

A.fallinto

B.falleninto

C.arefalleninto

D.fallinginto

問題7選項

A.incorporation

B.incorporated

C.incorporating

D.incorporate

問題8選項

A.paid

B.funded

C.made

D.given

問題9選項

A.stimulate

B.boost

C.correct

D.reduce

問題10選項

A.efforts

B.trying

C.trials

D.attempts

問題11選項

A.increases

B.improves

C.reduces

D.deduces

問題12選項

A.by

B.at

C.to

D.for

問題13選項

A.addup

B.accustomto

C.cometo

D.contributeto

問題14選項

A.reminding

B.remind

C.bereminded

D.reminder

問題15選項

A.fairly

B.considerably

C.comparatively

D.equally

問題16選項

A.largely

B.slightly

C.specially

D.particularly

問題17選項

A.available

B.unavailable

C.accessible

D.unaccessible

問題18選項

A.denial

B.refusal

C.compliance

D.complexity

問題19選項

A.why

B.because

C.when

D.how

問題20選項

A.inthecompanyof

B.incomparisonwith

C.incontrastwith

D.inconjunctionwith

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:A

第6題:A

第7題:C

第8題:B

第9題:B

第10題:C

第11題:C

第12題:A

第13題:C

第14題:B

第15題:D

第16題:D

第17題:B

第18題:C

第19題:A

第20題:D

【解析】（1）考查名詞辨析。radiation意為“輻射”；ration意為“配給量，定量”；mediation意為“調停，調解”；magnetism意為“磁性，磁力”。此處表示“來自手機與基站的輻射”，因此選A。

（2）考查形容詞辨析。incredible意為“不可思議的”；credible意為“可靠的，可信的”；credulous意為“輕信的，易受騙的”；fabulou