話題11：自然--基礎(chǔ)知識LearningObjectives：1.通過對話題詞匯歸類，理解并識記自然話題詞匯。2.掌握重點詞匯的用法。Step1

話題詞匯1.天氣Weatherclear,cloudless,light,fine,mild,bright,shine,sunshiny,hot,high,solar,tropical(熱帶的),cloud,cloudy,warm,warmth,dark,gloomy(陰暗的),decline,reduce,blow,breeze,cool,strong,wind,windy,lightning,damp/humid(潮濕的),pour,downpour/raincatsanddogs(傾盆大雨),mud,muddy,rainfall,storm,stormy,thunder,thunderstorm,wet,rainbow,chilly,freezing,freeze(froze,frozen),frost,frosty,hail(冰雹),ice,icy,snowy,sleet(雨夾雪),blizzard(暴風(fēng)雪),snowfall,snowflake,cold,melt,mist(薄霧),fog,foggy,haze(霾),changeable,forecast,etc.2.氣候/季節(jié)Climate&Seasonatmosphere,climate,season,spring,summer,autumn(fall),winter,etc.重點：天氣及氣候的表達3.天氣影響Influenceaffect,influence,haveaneffect/impacton,blowdown,damage,endup,strike,shock,ruin,etc.4.自然災(zāi)害NaturalDisasterdisaster/catastrophe(災(zāi)難),desertification(荒漠化),drought(干旱),flood,hurricane,landslide(山體滑坡),sandstorm,tsunami(海嘯),tornado(龍卷風(fēng)),typhoon,erupt(噴發(fā)、爆發(fā)),violence,violent,etc.5.自然資源NaturalResourcesnaturally,waterresources,mineral(礦物質(zhì)),botanical(植物的),species,abundant(豐富的),ample(充足的),shade(暗處、陰涼處),rare,shadow,numerous,etc.重點：辨識自然災(zāi)害及資源的名稱6.地球環(huán)境Environmentjungle(叢林),habitat(棲息地),horizon,desert,ecosystem(生態(tài)系統(tǒng)),mountainrange(山脈),ecologicalbalance,surroundings,etc.7.環(huán)境污染與破壞Pollution&Damagepollute,waste,radiate,poison,expose,exposure,disturb,disturbing,abuse(濫用),violate(違反),smelly,severe,severely,pest(害蟲),disastrous(災(zāi)難性的),emission(排放物),consumption(消費),deforestation(毀林),acidrain(酸雨),globalwarming,greenhouseeffect,carbon-dioxide,soilloss,climatechange,energycrisis,populationexplosion(人口激增),dueto,etc.重點：掌握環(huán)境污染與破壞的表達8.垃圾和各種廢物Wastetrash,litter,garbage,rubbish,plastic,landfill(垃圾填埋場),greenhousegases,smog,etc.9.缺乏與過度開發(fā)Shortagelack,worsen,overdevelop,lessen,disappear,disappearance,endanger,short,shortage,extinct,extinction,excessiveexploitation(過度開發(fā)),etc.重點：掌握缺乏類保護類表達10.動植物保護與環(huán)境保護Protectionprotect,sort,absorb,balance,measure,rescue,reserve(保留),advocate(提倡),overcome,alarm,urgent,attitude,meaningful,reward,benefit,significance,fade(逐漸消失),evolution(進化),survive,survival,conservation,irrigation(灌溉),punish,punishment,harmony,garbageclassification(垃圾分類),etc.11.節(jié)約與循環(huán)利用Recycle&Reusereduce,recycle,reuse,circulate(循環(huán)),renewable(可更新的、可再生的),economize(節(jié)約),eco-friendly(環(huán)境友好的),low-carbon,alternativeenergy(新能源),environmental-friendly,environmentally-aware,etc.Step2單句填空1.Weshouldpaymoreattentiontotherarewildanimalsthatare___________(endanger).2.Theworld's________(resource)arefinite(有限的).3.Thelevelof________(pollute)intheriverwasfalling.4.Lifeintheforesthasbecomeastrugglefor_______(survive).5.Weshouldpayattentiontotheobvious_____________(disappear)ofcommondolphinsfromthewesternMediterraneaninrecentyears.6.Vietnamissufferingfromfood________(short).7.Suchadietiswidelybelievedtooffer__________(protect)againstanumberofcancers.8.Accurate____________(measure)isveryimportantinscience.9.Theydiscussedthestatistical___________(significant)oftheresults.10.__________(poison)chemicalscangetintothewatersupplyanddoharmtoourhealth.Step2單句填空1.Weshouldpaymoreattentiontotherarewildanimalsthatare___________(endanger).2.Theworld's________(resource)arefinite(有限的).3.Thelevelof________(pollute)intheriverwasfalling.4.Lifeintheforesthasbecomeastrugglefor_______(survive).5.Weshouldpayattentiontotheobvious_____________(disappear)ofcommondolphinsfromthewesternMediterraneaninrecentyears.pollutionendangereddisappearanceresourcessurvival考點：詞形變化考點：名詞復(fù)數(shù)考點：詞形變化考點：詞形變化考點：形容詞修飾名詞6.Vietnamissufferingfromfood________(short).7.Suchadietiswidelybelievedtooffer__________(protect)againstanumberofcancers.8.Accurate____________(measure)isveryimportantinscience.9.Theydiscussedthestatistical___________(significant)oftheresults.10.__________(poison)tectionshortagemeasurementsignificancePoisonous

考點：名詞修飾名詞考點：詞形變化考點：詞形變化考點：詞形變化考點：詞形變化1.這次展覽的主題是環(huán)境保護。（2016年全國II卷）2.如今，隨著經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展，許多城市面臨著嚴(yán)重的環(huán)境問題，這對人們的健康十分有害。3.該是我們?nèi)祟惒扇∵m當(dāng)?shù)拇胧﹣砭S護生態(tài)平衡的時候了。4.更重要的是，每個公民都應(yīng)該意識到問題的嚴(yán)重性，共同努力保護我們的環(huán)境。5.眾所周知，因為各種原因越來越多的動物處于極大的危險中。Step3句子翻譯1.這次展覽的主題是環(huán)境保護。（2016年全國II卷）Thethemeoftheshowisenvironmentalprotection.

2.如今，隨著經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展，許多城市面臨著嚴(yán)重的環(huán)境問題，這對人們的健康十分有害。2.Nowadays,withthedevelopmentofeconomy,manycitiesarefacedwithseriousenvironmentalproblems,whichdogreatharmtopeople’shealth.Step3句子翻譯3.該是我們?nèi)祟惒扇∵m當(dāng)?shù)拇胧﹣砭S護生態(tài)平衡的時候了。Itishightimethatwehumanbeingstook/shouldtakepropermeasurestokeepthebalanceofnature.

4.更重要的是，每個公民都應(yīng)該意識到問題的嚴(yán)重性，共同努力保護我們的環(huán)境。Moreimportantly,everycitizenshouldrealizetheseriousnessoftheproblemandmake

jointeffortstoprotectourenvironment.5.眾所周知，因為各種原因越來越多的動物處于極大的危險中。Asisknown,anincreasingnumberofanimalsareingreatdangerforvariousreasons.

Step4：SummaryNature(Man&Nature)NaturalResourcesDisastersRespectReuseRecycleRescueReserveReduceAnimals&PlantsEnvironment閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。（2021年全國甲卷英語試題）PortLympneReserve,whichrunsabreeding(繁育)programme,haswelcomedthearrivalofarareblackrhinocalf(犀牛幼崽).WhenthetinycreaturearrivedonJanuary31,shebecamethe40thblackrhinotobebornatthereserve.AndofficialsatPortLympneweredelightedwiththenewarrival,especiallyasblackrhinosareknownforbeingdifficulttobreedincaptivity(圈養(yǎng)).PaulBeer,headofrhinosectionatPortLympne,said:“Obviouslywe'reallabsolutelydelightedtowelcomeanothercalftoourblackrhinofamily.She'shealthy,strongandalreadyeagertoplayandexplore.Hermother,Solio,isafirst-timemumandsheisdoingafantasticjob.It'sstillalittletoocoldforthemtogooutintotheopen,butassoonastheweatherwarmsup,Ihavenodoubtthatthelittleonewillbeoutandaboutexploringandplayingeveryday.”Step5

HomeworkTheadorablefemalecalfisthesecondblackrhinobornthisyearatthereserve,butitistooearlytotellifthecalveswillmakegoodcandidatestobereturnedtoprotectedareasofthewild.ThefirstrhinotobebornatPortLympnearrivedonJanuary5tofirst-timemotherKisimaandweighedabout32kg.Hismother,grandmotherandgreatgrandmotherwereallbornatthereserveandstilllivethere.AccordingtotheWorldWildlifeFund,theglobalblackrhinopopulationhasdroppedaslowas5500,givingtherhinosa“criticallyendang