Unit5FinancialInstrumentsShortDialogsMultipleChoiceScripts&AnswersDialog1M:Idon’tknowwhythepresentationofmycheckforpaymentisrefusedbythepayingbank.W:Letmehavealook.Oh,Isee.Yourcheckiswritteninleadpencil.Itisnotacceptedbyanybank.Youshouldwriteitinink.M:Isee.Thankyouverymuch.W:Andyourcheckhasnosignaturebythewriter.Itisinvalid,Ithink.Itisafalsecheck.Areyouthenamedpayee?Wheredidyougetthecheck?Youarekidding,aren’tyou?M:Don’tgetmad,I’mkidding.Ionlywanttoknowhowmuchyou’velearntaboutacheck.Question:Whatdoyouknowaboutthecheckmentionedintheconversation?(C)譯文男：我不知為什么付款行拒絕了我的支票提示付款。女：我看看。哦，我知道了。您的支票是鉛筆填寫的。沒有哪家銀行會(huì)接受這種支票。您應(yīng)該用鋼筆填寫支票。男：我知道了。非常感謝。女：還有，您的支票沒有簽發(fā)人的簽名。這種支票是無(wú)效的。這是一張假支票。您是支票的收款人嗎？你從哪里得到的這張支票？你在開玩笑，對(duì)吧？男：別生氣，我是開玩笑的。我只是想了解有關(guān)支票你知道多少。Dialog2W:DidyouhearaboutwhathappenedtoMr.Williamslastweek?M:Yes,I’veheardit.PoorWilliams.Itisagreatlosstohim,anyway.W:Absolutely.5,000dollarsisnotasmallamountofmoney.Heshouldnothaveissuedanopencheckpayabletobearer.Anyonewhogotitwouldhavetherighttopresentitforpaymenttothepayingbank.Itisnotthepayingbank’sdutytoverifythepayee’slegalidentity.M:Hehimselfmaybetoblamefortheloss.Question:WhathappenedtoMr.Williams?(A)譯文女：您聽說了威廉姆斯先生上周的遭遇嗎？男：聽說了。可憐的威廉姆斯。對(duì)他來(lái)說這可是個(gè)很大的損失。女：確實(shí)是。5,000美元可不是一個(gè)小數(shù)目。他不該簽發(fā)普通支票給持有人。任何人得到這張支票，都可以到付款行兌現(xiàn)。付款行沒有義務(wù)去確認(rèn)收款人的身份是否合法。男：只能是他自己承擔(dān)這一損失。Dialog3W:Excuseme,ProfessorChen.Couldyoutellmesomethingaboutthespecialcrossing?Idon’tunderstandit.M:Noproblem.Thespecialcrossingisthestampofthenameofthecollectingbankonthefaceofacheck,usuallymadebythecollectingbank.Thepurposeistoinformthepayingbanktocredittheamountofthecheckonlytothenamedbank’saccount.W:Soitactsasanordertothepayingbankintheserviceofcleancollectionofsomefinancialinstruments.Thanks,ProfessorChen.I’vegotitnow.M:Youarewelcome.Question:Whatwillthepayingbankdoifthereisacheckwithaspecialcrossingonit?(B)譯文女：打擾了，陳教授。您能告訴我什么是特別劃線嗎？我不懂這個(gè)。男：沒問題。特別劃線是指蓋在支票正面的有代收行名稱的印章，通常是代收行蓋的，其目的是通知付款行把支票金額付到劃線指定的銀行賬戶。女：所以在金融工具的光票托收中，特別劃線的作用就是給付款行付款指令。多謝，陳教授。我現(xiàn)在懂了。男：不用謝。ForReference支票分普通支票（opencheck）和劃線支票（crossedcheck）。普通支票可直接到付款行提示兌現(xiàn)。劃線支票分為一般劃線支票（generalcrossing）和特別劃線支票（specialcrossing）。一般劃線支票由持票人本人提示支票并請(qǐng)銀行收款存入持票人的賬戶。特別劃線支票是在平行線中寫明具體代收銀行的名稱，表示該款項(xiàng)必須貸記到劃線指定的銀行賬戶。cleancollection光票托收，指委托銀行從國(guó)外付款人處收取支票或匯票款項(xiàng)的業(yè)務(wù)，因?yàn)橹簧婕敖鹑谄睋?jù)的收款，不涉及運(yùn)輸單據(jù)的交付，因此稱為光票托收。Dialog4M:Ifacustomerfoundhisbanker’sdraftlost,whatshouldhedo?W:Heshouldreportthelosstothedrawerbankandthedraweebankassoonaspossible.M:Willthedraftbepaidtothenamedpayeeafterthelossisnotified?W:Itdepends.Ifthedraftispresentedforpayment,thedraweebankwillverifytheidentityoftheholder.Ifheisentitledtogetthepayment,thedraftwillbepaid.Question:Whatwillthedraweebankdoafterbeinginformedofthelossofadraft?(C)譯文男：如果客戶發(fā)現(xiàn)他的銀行匯票丟失，他應(yīng)該做什么？女：他應(yīng)盡快通知出票行和受票行。男：匯票掛失后，指定的收款人是否還可以拿到付款？女：那要看情況。假如匯票提示付款，付款行會(huì)審核持票人的身份。如果他有權(quán)得到付款，付款行會(huì)付款給他。ForReferencebeentitledto有權(quán)…ShortAnswerQuestionsScripts&AnswerDialog1W:Couldyoupleasetellmehowtocalculatethedateofpaymentofanaccepteddraft?M:Noproblem.Whileausancedraftisaccepted,thedateofpaymentiscalculatedbyexcludingthedateofacceptanceandbyincludingthedateofpayment.W:Allright.Itmeansthatwewillcompletelyignorethedateofacceptanceinthecalculation.Question:Whatisthedateofpaymentifthebillispayableat30daysaftersightanditisacceptedonJuly7th?OnAugust6th.譯文女：你能告訴我怎樣計(jì)算承兌匯票的付款日期嗎？男：沒問題。假如一張遠(yuǎn)期匯票被承兌，付款日期的計(jì)算是除去承兌日，包含付款日。女：知道了。就是說我們計(jì)算時(shí)可以不把承兌日計(jì)算在內(nèi)。Dialog2M:I’mtoldthatacheckisaspecialformofbillofexchange.Wouldyoupleasetellmethedifferencebetweenthem?W:Allright.Acheckisthesameasabillofexchangeinthedefinitionasanunconditionalorderinwritingdrawnbythedrawerorwritertothedrawee,andsignedbythedrawer,requiringthedraweetopayasumcertaininmoneytoortotheorderofaspecifiedpersonortothebearer.Thedifferenceisthatthedraweeofacheckmustalwaysbeabankanditmustbepayableondemand.Andthedrawerofadraftmaybeabanker,anindividualoranentity,anditwouldbepayableondemandoratafixedordeterminablefuturetime.M:Sothereisnousancecheckortenorcheckbutusanceortenordraft.Question:Whatisthedifferencebetweenacheckandadraft?Thedifferenceisthatthedraweeofacheckmustalwaysbeabankanditmustbepayableondemand.Andthedrawerofadraftmaybeabanker,anindividualoranentity,anditwouldbepayableondemandoratafixedordeterminablefuturetime.譯文男：我聽說支票是一種特殊形式的匯票。請(qǐng)您告訴我它們兩者間的區(qū)別，好嗎？女：行。支票的定義與匯票相同的是，支票也是由出票人或簽發(fā)人開給受票人并且由出票人簽名的無(wú)條件付款命令，要求受票人將指定的金額以貨幣的形式支付給指定的收款人或持票人。其不同之處是支票的受票人必須是銀行，而且是即期付款。但匯票的受票人可以是銀行，也可以是個(gè)人或者某企業(yè)單位，付款可以是即期，也可以是遠(yuǎn)期或定期。男：因此沒有遠(yuǎn)期支票，只有遠(yuǎn)期匯票。Dialog3W:Oh,I’mpuzzledoverthedifferentbillsofexchangeandtheclassificationofalocalbillandaforeignbill.M:Well,don’tworryaboutit.Itisonlyapieceofcake,anyway.Accordingtotheplaceofdrawingandpayingofthedraft,abillmaybeclassifiedasalocalbillandaforeignbill.Ifthedrawingandpayingofthedrafttakeplaceinonecountry,itisaninlandbilloralocalbill.Ifthedrawingofthebillhappensinonecountryandthepayingoracceptinginanothercountry,itisaforeignbill.W:Allright.Now,hereisasightdraft.ThedrawerisaforeignerinGuangzhouandthedraweeisaChinesecompanyintheUnitedStateandthenamedpayeeisinJapan.Isitalocalbill?M:Absolutelynot.ItisaforeignbillbecauseboththepayeeandthedraweearenotinChina.ButifthedraftisdrawnpayableinRMB,itisahomemoneybill.IfitisdrawnpayableinUSdollars,itisaforeignmoneybill.Question:Whatisthedifferencebetweenalocalbillandaforeignbill?Ifthedrawingandpayingofthedrafttakeplaceinonecountry,itisaninlandbilloralocalbill.Ifthedrawingofthebillhappensinonecountryandthepayingoracceptinginanothercountry,itisaforeignbill.譯文女：唉，我總是搞不清各種匯票，不知道如何分辨本國(guó)匯票和外國(guó)匯票？男：好了，別急，小問題而已。根據(jù)匯票的出票地和付款地，匯票分本國(guó)匯票和外國(guó)匯票。本國(guó)匯票通常指票據(jù)的出票和付款都在同一個(gè)國(guó)家的匯票。如果匯票的出票在一個(gè)國(guó)家，付款或承兌在另一個(gè)國(guó)家，那它就是外國(guó)匯票。女：知道了。我這兒有一張即期匯票，出票人是在廣州的一個(gè)外國(guó)人，受票人是位于美國(guó)的一家中國(guó)公司，指定的收款人在日本，它是本國(guó)匯票嗎？男：絕對(duì)不是。是外國(guó)匯票，因?yàn)楦犊钊撕褪湛钊硕疾辉谥袊?guó)。但如果匯票指定用人民幣付款，它叫做本國(guó)貨幣匯票，如果匯票指定用美元付款，它是外國(guó)貨幣匯票。ListeningandSimulatingScripts&AnswersDialog1W:Well,now,whocantellwhenthepresentationforacceptanceisnecessaryindocumentarycollections?M:Letmehaveatry,Professor.I’velearntthatinthefollowingthreecasesthepresentationforacceptanceisnecessary:1)whenabillisdrawnpayableaftersight,2)whenabillstipulatesexpresslythatitmustbepresentedforacceptance,and3)whenabillisdrawnpayableinadifferentplaceotherthantheplaceofacceptance.譯文女：好了，現(xiàn)在誰(shuí)來(lái)說說在跟單托收中什么情況下需要提示承兌？男：讓我試試，教授。我知道在下面三種情況下，需要提示承兌：1）開立的匯票是見票后付款；2）匯票明確規(guī)定需要承兌；3）匯票的付款地點(diǎn)不是承兌地點(diǎn)。ForReferencedocumentarycollection（跟單托收）是指交易一方（出口商）依交易合同委托其銀行（托收行或委托行），憑一定的商業(yè)單據(jù)（物權(quán)單據(jù)、運(yùn)輸單據(jù)、發(fā)票、履約憑證及/或其他單據(jù)）及金融票據(jù)（匯票/其他付款憑證），通過交易對(duì)方（進(jìn)口商）的銀行（代收行）收取交易款項(xiàng)的結(jié)算方式。跟單托收分付款交單（documentsagainstpayment簡(jiǎn)稱D/P）和承兌交單（documentsagainstacceptance簡(jiǎn)稱D/A）。承兌交單指受票人承兌遠(yuǎn)期匯票后，代收行將提單放行給承兌人。Dialog2W:Isabillofladingafinancialdocumentasabillofexchange?Theysoundtomeasiftheyweresimilar.M:Oh,no.Youmixthemup,Ithink.Abillofladingisnotafinancialdocument,anyway.Itisacommercialdocument,adocumentoftitletogoods.Itisissuedbytheshippingcompanyorthemasterofaship.Thedocumenthasfourfunctions:1)itcontainstheclausesofthecontractforthecarriage,2)itgivesevidenceoftheshipmentofgoods,3)itmakessurethatthenamedholderofithastherighttoclaimthegoods,and4)itbecomesnegotiablewhenitismadetobesatisfiedwithsomeconditions.譯文女：提單和匯票一樣是金融票據(jù)嗎？他們聽起來(lái)似乎差不多。男：噢，不對(duì)。我想你把它們弄混了。提單當(dāng)然不是金融票據(jù)，它是商業(yè)單據(jù)，貨物的物權(quán)證明，是船運(yùn)公司或者輪船船主開出的。提單有四個(gè)基本功能：1）它包含貨物運(yùn)輸合同的條款；2)它是承運(yùn)人簽發(fā)給托運(yùn)人的貨物收據(jù)，3）它確定了指定的持有人對(duì)貨物的所有權(quán)；4）當(dāng)提單符合某些條件時(shí)，它就成為可轉(zhuǎn)讓單據(jù)。ForReferenceAbillofladingbecomesnegotiablewhenitismadetobesatisfiedwithsomeconditions.當(dāng)提單符合某些條件時(shí)，它就成為可轉(zhuǎn)讓單據(jù)。這里的條件指：1）發(fā)貨人須對(duì)提單做空白背書；2）“收貨人”一欄須填寫“ToOrder”；3）必須是清潔提單，即無(wú)任何關(guān)于貨物損壞的標(biāo)注；4）提單須注明貨物已裝船；5）全套正本提單。Dialog3M:I’mwonderingifIcouldissuesometraveler’schecksformydaughter.Sheisgoingtostudyabroad.Idon’tthinkitissafeforagirltotakesomuchcashwithher.W:Traveler’scheckiscertainlysaferthancashonalongjourney,especiallyforagirloveralongdistance.YoucangotoBankofChinaandapplyforthecheck.Itisnottroublesomeatall.M:Allright.I’mtoldthatinordertoprotectagainstfraud,customersaregenerallyaskedtosignoneachtraveler’scheckwhileissuingthechecksandtocountersignthemwhilethechecksarebeingcashedorpaid.W:Yeah.Thetwosignaturesmustbemadebythesameperson,orthepaymentwillberefusedbythebank.譯文男：我正在想是不是給我女兒開幾張旅行支票。她要去外國(guó)讀書。我覺得一個(gè)女孩子帶很多現(xiàn)金不太安全。女：路途太遠(yuǎn)時(shí)旅行支票肯定比現(xiàn)金安全，尤其是女孩子走這么遠(yuǎn)的路程。您可以去中國(guó)銀行申請(qǐng)旅行支票。一點(diǎn)也不麻煩。男：好吧。我聽說為了防止詐騙，銀行要求客戶在開立支票時(shí)要在旅行支票上簽字，在兌現(xiàn)支票或付款時(shí)還要復(fù)簽。女：是。兩個(gè)簽名必須是同一個(gè)人的簽名，否則銀行會(huì)拒絕付款。IIILongConversationsConversation1BillsDiscountingScripts&AnswersW:BankofChina.MayIhelpyou?M:Yes.I’dliketogetsomeinformationaboutbilldiscounting.Couldyoupleasedomeafavor?W:Noproblem,sir.Weoffertheserviceofdiscountingbillsiftheyaresatisfiedwiththerules.Wouldyoupleasetellmethetypeofyourbill?M:Itisverykindofyou,Madam.Mybillisausancedraftpayableat90daysaftersightforRMB6,000yuan.Ithasbeenacceptedbythedraweeandhisbank.OriginallyIdidn’tthinkwe’dhavetodiscountit,butIneedcashatthemomentbecauseoftheshortageofworkingcapital.Youknowthefinancialcrisisnow.CanIdiscountitwithyourbank?W:Well,yourbillisabanker’sacceptanceaccordingtowhatyousay.Wecandiscountsuchbillsataprimediscountrateiftheacceptingbankhasasoundcreditstanding.Couldyoupleasepresentyourbillnow?IthinkI’dbetterhavealookandmakecertainoftheinformationofthebillandtheacceptingbank.M:OK,hereyouare.W:Oh,yes,itisausancedraft.Thedraweeisajoint-venturecompanyinGuangzhouandtheacceptanceismadeonJuly21,2009.Well,payableat90daysaftersight,sotheexpirydateisOctober19,2009.Thepresentationforpaymentoftheacceptancewillbemadein43daysfromnow.Thedrawee’sbankisBankofChina.Allright,sir,Ithinkitcanbediscountedwithoutrecourse.Thecreditstandingoftheacceptingbankandthecreditworthinessofthedraweearebeyondquestion.M:Wonderful.Muchthanks,Madam.Whatisthediscountrate?W:Thecurrentdiscountrateis8%perannum.M:8%perannum.HowmuchcanIgetforthediscounting?W:Letmesee.Well,6,000times(8%over360)times43,wecanget57.33yuan.Thatistheamountyoushouldpaytoourbankfortheservice.Andtheamountyoucangetis5,942.67yuan.M:Verygood.CanIgetthemoneynow?W:Yeah,ofcourse.PleaseshowmeyouraccountnumberandyourIDcardorpassport.Themoneywillbecreditedtoyouraccountrightaway.ForReference無(wú)追索權(quán)貼現(xiàn)（discountabillwithoutrecourse）指銀行按貼現(xiàn)率貼現(xiàn)票據(jù)，并且承擔(dān)全部可能的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。有追索權(quán)的貼現(xiàn)（discountabillwithrecourse）指銀行按貼現(xiàn)率貼現(xiàn)票據(jù)但不承擔(dān)任何可能的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。如果票據(jù)到期提示付款遭到拒絕，銀行會(huì)立即對(duì)前持票人提出追索，要求前持票人償還貨款并支付利息等一切費(fèi)用。譯文女：中國(guó)銀行。請(qǐng)問需要為您做些什么？男：哦。我想了解關(guān)于票據(jù)貼現(xiàn)的事宜。您能幫幫忙嗎？女：當(dāng)然可以，先生。只要票據(jù)符合規(guī)定，我們可以提供貼現(xiàn)服務(wù)。您能告訴我您的票據(jù)是什么類型的嗎？男：那就太感謝了，女士。這是一張見票后第90天付款的遠(yuǎn)期匯票，金額為人民幣6,000元。受票人和他的銀行已經(jīng)承兌了匯票。本來(lái)我沒打算貼現(xiàn)的，但目前我因運(yùn)營(yíng)資金短缺急需現(xiàn)金周轉(zhuǎn)。您知道現(xiàn)在的金融危機(jī)。我可以在您的銀行貼現(xiàn)嗎？女：哦，按您的說法，這張匯票是銀行承兌匯票。只要承兌行的資信良好，我們可以以優(yōu)惠貼現(xiàn)率貼現(xiàn)這種匯票。請(qǐng)把匯票給我看看，好嗎？我想我最好看看票據(jù)，確認(rèn)它的相關(guān)信息以及承兌行的情況。男：行，這是匯票。女：啊，對(duì)，這是一張遠(yuǎn)期匯票。受票人是一家廣州的合資公司，承兌時(shí)間是2009年7月21日。哦，見票后90天付款，所以到期日是2009年10月19日。從現(xiàn)在算起，承兌的提示付款應(yīng)該是第43天。受票人的銀行是中國(guó)銀行。行啊，先生，我認(rèn)為可以無(wú)追索貼現(xiàn)此票據(jù)。承兌銀行的資信和受票人的信用都沒有問題。男：太好了。非常感謝，女士。貼現(xiàn)率是多少？女：當(dāng)前的年貼現(xiàn)率是8%。男：8%。那么貼現(xiàn)后我可以拿到多少錢？女：我算算。嗯，6,000×（8%÷360）×43，結(jié)果是57.33元。這是您付給我們銀行的貼現(xiàn)費(fèi)用。您可以拿到5,942.67元。男：很好。可以馬上拿到錢嗎？女：當(dāng)然可以。請(qǐng)出示您的賬號(hào)以及身份證或護(hù)照。我們可以立刻把錢付到您的賬戶。Lecture1Banker’sAcceptanceScripts&AnswersHello,myboysandgirls.Todaywe’llstudybanker’sacceptance.Banker’sacceptanceisaveryoldformofcommercialcredit.Throughitsacceptance,abankaddsitsgoodreputationandcreditworthinesstobills,therebymakingthebillsmuchmorereliableandmarketablethanitwouldotherwisebe.Themechanicsoftheoperationtypicallyworkasfollows:SupposethatanAmericanexportersellswheattoaGermanimporter.ThetermsofthesalescontractstipulatethattheGermanimporterwillpayforthewheat90daysaftertheshipmenthasbeeneffectedandboththeimporterandhisbankshouldmakeanacceptancewhenthedraftandrequiredshippingdocumentsarepresented.Foravarietyofreasons,however,theAmericanfirmmaywantitsmoneynow,andnotwanttowaitforthe90days.Ifso,hemaydrawausancedraftpaya