1、新一代信息技術及其對制造業發展的影響New Generation of Information Technology and Its Impacts on Manufacturing Industry楊善林Yang Shanlin合肥工業大學Hefei University of Technology一、新一一代信息技術術發展的的基本特征BasicCharacteristicsoftheNew GenerationofInformationTechnology二、新一一代信息息技術對對制造業業發展的影響ImpactsoftheNew GenerationofInformationTechnol

2、ogy on ManufacturingIndustry三、互聯網時時代的制制造工程程管理科科學問題題ScientificProblemsofManufacturingEngineeringManagement In theInternetEra提綱綱近年來，“新一一代信息息技術”這一概概念被提提出并廣廣泛使用用。而新新一代信信息技術術并不僅僅僅是芯芯片技術術、通信信網絡技技術、數數據挖掘掘、人工工智能、虛擬現現實等單單一信息息技術自自身的縱縱向升級級，更主主要的是是信息技技術與產產業的融融合，從從而推動動的信息息服務平平臺和產產業的整整體代際際變遷。Inrecentyears, thecon

3、cept of newgenerationinformationtechnologyhasbeenproposedandwidely used. Andthenew generationofinformationtechnologyisnotjusta vertical upgradeofchiptechnology,communicationnetwork technology, DM,AI,VRandothersingleinformationtechnologyitself. Butmore importantistheintegrationdevelopmentofinformatio

4、ntechnologyandindustries,andthuspromote awholeintergenerationalchange of theinformationservice platform andindustries.信息技術術的發展可可以劃分分為三個個階段，第一階階段以上上世紀80年代開始始廣泛使使用的以以大型機機、中型型機、小小型機和和啞終端端為標志志，這被被認為是是第一代代信息技技術平臺臺。而上世紀80年代代中期到到本世紀紀初，隨著個個人計算算機和通通過網絡絡連接的的分散式式服務器器的普及及，則標標志著第第二代信信息技術術平臺階階段。Thedevelopmentofin

5、formationtechnology canbedivided intothreestages.Asa symbol,the first stagebeganwith theextensiveusingoflarge, mediumandsmall-sizedmachineanddumbterminalsin1980s, which is consideredasthe first generationofinformationtechnologyplatform.And fromthe mid-80soflastcentury to thebeginningofthiscentury,wi

6、th thepopularity of personal computersanddecentralizedservers connectedviathe network, theinformationtechnology hasentered thesecond-generationplatform.近十年來來，物聯網、云計算、大數據據、移動動互聯網網和社交交網絡等等新興信信息技術術快速發發展，形形成了新新一代的的信息技技術平臺臺架構。Overthepastdecade, Internet of things,cloudcomputing,bigdata,mobile Internet,so

7、cialnetworkingandotheremerginginformationtechnologieshaveshownarapiddevelopment,forming anewgeneration ofinformationtechnology platform architecture.新一代信息技術術發展的的熱點不僅僅是信息息領域各個個分支技技術的縱向發展展，而更更重要的的是指信信息技術術橫向滲透透融合到到制造、服務等等其他行業業，信息息技術研研究的主主要方向向將從產產品技術術轉向服服務技術術。以信信息化和和工業化化深度融融合為主主要目標標的“互互聯網+”是新新一代信信息技術術的集

8、中中體現。Thefocusofthe newgeneration of information technologyisnotonly theverticalupgradingofthevariousbranchesofinformationtechnology,butmore importantly thehorizontalintegrationwith manufacturing,serviceandotherindustries.Themain research directionofinformationtechnology willshiftfrom producttechnolo

9、gytoservice technology.TheInternet+aimingatthe integrationofinformatizationandindustrializationistheembodimentofthenewgenerationofinformationtechnology.參考：李國杰杰，新一代代信息技技術發展展新趨勢勢，人民民日報，2015年8月2日。總體來說，新新一代信息技術術，新在網絡互聯聯的移動動化和泛泛在化、信息處處理的集集中化和和大數據據化、信信息服務務的智能能化和個性化。Ingeneral,thenew of thenewgenerationofin

10、formationtechnology referstothemobile andubiquitous networkinteraction, thecentralizedandbig data-basedinformationprocessing,and theintelligentandpersonalized information service.網絡互聯聯的移動動化和泛泛在化Mobileand ubiquitousnetworkinteraction近年來，超寬帶帶、低延延時、高高密度、高可靠靠、高可可信的無無線通信信技術的的快速發發展使得得移動互互聯網快快速普及及，基于于移動互互聯

11、網的的移動應應用服務務成為互互聯網應應用的主主要形式式，移動動互聯網網用戶規規模已超超過桌面面計算機機用戶。Inrecentyears, therapiddevelopmentofwirelesscommunicationtechnologies, withultrawideband,low latency, highdensity,highreliabilityandhighcredibility,has promoted therapidpopularizationofmobileInternet.Mobile applicationsandservicesbasedonmobileInt

12、ernethave becomethemain formofInternetbasedapplications.ThescaleofmobileInternetusershave exceededthedesktop computer users.未來隨著計算算成本的的逐漸降降低和計計算能力力的快速速提升以以及基于于軟件的的服務，泛在的的網絡服服務將無無處不在在，成為為實現更更廣泛的的物與物物、人與與物、人與人人之間交交互連接的重重要載體體。Infuture,withthegradualreductionofcomputationalcostsandtherapidincreaseincomp

13、utingpower,aswellasthesoftwarebasedservices,ubiquitousnetwork services willbeeverywhere.They willbecomeimportantcarrierstoachieve theinteractionofthingsand things,peopleandthings, andpeopleand people.信息處理理的集中中化和大大數據化Centralizedandbig data-basedinformationprocessing云計算技技術的快快速發展展，使得得分散的的服務器器能夠集集中在云云計算

14、中中心，基基于虛擬擬化技術術統一調調度存儲儲和計算算資源，從而提高高信息服務務效率，更高效效地滿足足動態變變化的信信息服務務需求。With therapiddevelopmentofcloudcomputingtechnology,the distributedserverscanconcentrateincloudcomputingcenter.Thedispatchofstorageandcomputingresourcescanbeaunifiedscheduling based on virtualization technology,thusimprovingtheefficienc

15、yofinformationservice,andbetter satisfyingthedynamic information servicedemands.計算機輸入輸出出和存儲儲芯片技技術的革革命性發發展，使使得集中中式信息息處理的的成本不不斷降低低，信息息處理效效率大幅幅提升。電子商商務、互互聯網金金融和社社交網絡絡的普及及和應用用，讓越越來越多多的消費費者成為為了大數數據的生生產者，數據量量呈現爆爆發式增增長，而而信息技技術與傳傳統產業業的加速速融合又又不斷推推動基于于大數據據的產品品和服務務創新。With therevolutionary development of comput

16、er input andoutputand memorychip technology, thecost of centralized information processingisreduced,the efficiencyofinformationprocessingisgreatly improved.Withpopularizationandapplicationofelectroniccommerce,InternetFinancialandsocial networks,moreandmoreconsumersarebecomingbigdataproducers. Theamo

17、untofdatashowing explosivegrowth.Theacceleratedintegrationofinformationtechnologiesandtraditionalindustries continuetopromotethebigdatabasedproductandservice innovation.信息服務務的智能能化和個性化Intelligentandpersonalized informationservice新興信息息技術正正在加速速人工智智能朝著著縱深方方向發展展，自然然語言理理解、機機器感知知、情感感計算、深度學學習等人人工智能能技術不不斷應用用

18、于人類類生產生生活的諸諸多領域域，推動動智能機機器人、自動駕駕駛汽車車和智慧慧城市等等相關產產業的快快速發展展，不斷斷提升信信息服務務的智能能化和個個性化水水平。Theemerginginformationtechnology isacceleratingthe developmentindepthofartificial intelligence.AItechnologies includingnaturallanguageunderstanding,machineperception,affectivecomputingand deeplearninghavebeen appliedtom

19、any areas ofproductionandhumanlife.Itfurtherpromote therapiddevelopmentofintelligentrobots, automaticdrivingcars,smartcityandotherrelatedindustries,thusconstantlyimprovingtheintelligence andpersonalizedlevelofinformationservices.虛擬現實（Virtual Reality,VR）技術基基于多源源信息融融合和先先進的計計算機仿仿真，創創建和體體驗虛擬擬世界，將對工工業設計計

20、、電子子商務、游戲娛娛樂、醫醫療培訓訓、航空空航天等等諸多領領域帶來來深刻影影響，創創新信息息服務的的提供方方式。Basedonmulti-sourceinformationfusion andadvancedcomputersimulation,virtualreality(VR) technologycancreateand experiencethe virtualworld.VRwillhavea profound impactontheindustrialdesign, e-commerce, entertainment, medicaltraining, aerospaceando

21、therfields,promotingtheinnovation of information serviceprovision.1.系統技術術的縱深深化與融融合化Verticaldeepeningandfusionwithindustriesofsystemtechnology2.功能實現現的泛在在化與集集中化Ubiquityandcentralizationoffunctionalimplementation3.信息處理理的分散散化與云云集化Decentralizationandcloud-centralizationofinformationprocessing4.信息服務務的個性性化

22、與共共性化Individualizationandgeneralizationofinformationservices 在“網前時代”，由于科學技術的發展和各類自然資源及人造資源的利用，已經形成了相應的產品設計與生產方式、服務提供與交易方式、經濟組織與發展方式。互聯網與大數據作為一類新的人造資源加入到經濟發展過程中，必然引起產業發展的重大變革。 In the era of “pre-Internet”, owing to the development of science and technology and the utilization of various nature and ma

23、n-made resources, relevant products designing and manufacturing patterns, service delivering and dealing ways, and the economic organization and development paradigm have already formed. As a new type of resource, Internet and big data integrating into the economic development processes will definit

24、ely trigger significant revolutions to the development of industries. 對產品構造造的影響TheImpact on theproductstructure在產品技技術方面面，互聯聯網與大大數據資資源不斷斷融入到到傳統產產品中，成為產產品的一一個關鍵鍵零部件件，使產產品逐步步成為智智能產品品和互聯聯化的智智能終端端。它能能夠提升升產品的的效能價價值，拓拓展產品品的應用用范圍。融入互聯聯網與大大數據資資源的制造業發展ThedevelopmentofmanufacturingindustryintegratingInternetan

25、dbigdataresourcesWith respecttothe producttechnology,Internetand bigdata resourcesaresteadilyintegratedinto traditional products andbecomethe keypartsofproducts,making theproductsturn intointelligentand connectedterminals. It canpromote theproductsutilityandvalueand alsoextend theapplicationsrangeof

26、the products.智能網聯汽車的的新技術術架構對產品全生生命周期期過程的的影響Theimpact on theproductlifecycle在產品研發發、生產產、使用用、維護護、維修修和再制制造方面面，互聯網網與大數數據資源源深度滲滲透到產產品全生生命周期期過程中中，能夠夠形成眾眾智設計計和智能能制造，能夠提高高產品設設計的創創新能力力和產品品生產及及維護的的智能化化水平，降低制造過程風險險。With respecttothe R&D,production,usage, maintenance,repairing, andre-manufacturing of products,In

27、ternetandbig dataresources permeatingintotheproductlifecyclecan formthe crowd-intelligencedesigningand intelligent manufacturing, so as to enhancethe innovationabilityonproduct designingandthe intelligencelevelofproductsmanufacturing andmaintenance,and at thesame timelowerthe riskinthe manufacturing

28、process.例如，在汽車車產品全全生命周周期過程程中，互聯聯網與大大數據提提供了全新的的技術手手段以及及海量數數據，改變了了人們對對產品全全生命周周期各階階段的關關注重點點。Forexample,inthe automobileproductlifecycleprocess,Internetand bigdata providenew technologicalmeansand massivedata,thuschangingpeoplesfocuses on eachstages of productlifecycle process.對制造資源源組織方方式的影響Theimpact on

29、 theorganizationmanner of manufacturingresources在制造資資源的組組織方式式方面，互聯網網與大數數據資源源廣泛應應用于供供應商、銷售商商和協作作商的協協同過程程中，能能夠形成成全球化化網絡制制造，優化價值值鏈和價價值網絡絡，使之之能夠更更快地發發現市場場需求，更好地地在全球球組織制制造資源源，顯著著提高制造造業的資源利利用效率率。With respecttotheorganization mannerofmanufacturingresources, Internet andbigdataresourcesare widelyapplied in

30、thecollaboration processamongthe suppliers, manufacturers, andcontractors,whichcan formglobal networkmanufacturing,and optimize thevaluechainsand value networks.Thus,themarketing demandscan be recognizedmorequickly,themanufacturingresourcescan be finelyorganizedworldwide,andthe resourcesutilizationc

31、anbesignificantlyenhanced.波音707（Boeing707）2% 90%上個世紀紀50年代，著名的波音707客機，只只有大約約百分之之二的零零部件是是在國外外生產的的。目前，波波音787客機工程程量中90%都是由全全球各地地的四十多個合作伙伴伴共同完完成的。波音787（Boeing787）對制造業務務模式的的影響Theimpact on themanufacturing businessmodel在業務模模式創新新方面，互聯網網與大數數據資源源能夠加加速制造造業服務務化進程程。有遠見的制制造商已已經將各各類服務務納入銷銷售范圍，用用基于產產品的服服務銷售售模式取取代原有

32、有的產品品銷售模模式，使使得產品品與服務務之間的的界限越越來越模模糊。With respecttothe business model innovation, Internet andbigdataresourcescanaccelerate themanufacturing industryservitisation process. Far-sighted manufacturershaveincludedvarious services as thesale scope,andreplacetheproductsaleswith servicesales, makingthebounda

33、rybetweenproductsandservicesmoreandmorevague.利用互聯網與大數據據資源創造全新新產品服務一站式服務遠程服務預防式服務新型服務來源：波特.哈佛商業評論, 2015.UsingInternetandbig dataresources to createnewservicesOne-stopserviceRemoteservicePreventive serviceNew-typeservice總之，充充分利用互聯網與與大數據據這一新新的戰略略性人造造資源，不不斷提高高產品的的智能化化水平、研發與與生產過過程的開開放式創創新水平平和基于于產品的的服務化化水

34、平，并能重重構制造造資源組組合，優優化制造造業生態態系統。Inall, makingfull useofInternetandbig dataresources canconstantly improvethe intelligencelevelofproducts,the openinnovationlevelofR&Dand productionprocess,and theservitization level based on products.Furthermore,itcan reconstruct themanufacturing resourcecombinationandop

35、timizethe ecosystemofmanufacturing industry.綜上所述述，互聯聯網與大大數據資資源已經成為為現代制造造業創新新不可或缺缺的重要要組成部部分，極極其深刻刻地影響響著制造造業的發發展戰略略和經營營模式。在激烈烈的國際際競爭中中，互聯網與與大數據據資源正在推動動著制造造業的持持續創新新，高效地滿足日益益多元化的的客戶需需求。Inconclusion,Internetandbig dataresources havebecome asignificantpartofmodernmanufacturingindustryinnovation,anddeeply

36、influencethedevelopmentstrategyand business model of manufacturingindustry. In thefierceinternationalcompetitions, Internet andbigdataresourcesare promotingthecontinuousinnovationofmanufacturing industry andthus effectively satisfyincreasingly diversified customersdemands.互聯網與大數據據技術等等新興信信息技術術的快速速發展，

37、深刻地影影響著制制造工程程管理過程程，改變變了制造過程中人人與人、人與組組織、人人與資源源等交互方式式。TherapiddevelopmentofInternetandbigdataandotheremerginginformationtechnologies, profoundlyaffects theprocess of manufacturingengineeringmanagement.Itchangestheinteractivemode of peopleandpeople,peopleand organization,aswell as peopleandresources in

38、themanufacturing process.呈現出制造過過程協同同化、制制造方式式個性化化、制造造資源全全球化、制造數數據多元元化、制制造產品品服務化化等特點點，使企業業組織形態態、運營營決策模模式、協協同制造造方式和和制造生生產模式式等方面發生生了重大大變革，從而也也帶來了了很多新新的管理理科學問問題。Itshowsmany newcharacteristics, includingmanufacturingprocess collaboration,manufacturing methodspersonalization,manufacturing resource globaliz

39、ation, manufacturingdatadiversity,andmanufacturingproductservice-oriented.Thus,itbringsthegreattransformationsofenterpriseorganizationform,operation decision model,collaborative manufacturingmethods andmanufacturing productionmode.Italso bringsmany newmanagement scienceresearchissues.創業者應應該充分分利用互互聯網

40、資資源開展展創新創業業活動，在創新新創業過過程中既既要打破破互聯網網僅僅是是一類技技術系統統或應用用平臺的的思維束束縛，又又要克服服急躁情情緒，下下足功夫夫去融合合線上線線下資源源，開發新新產品，創新商商業模式式，推進進基于互聯聯網資源源的創新新創業活活動。Entrepreneursshouldmakefull useofInternetresourcestocarryout innovationactivities.Intheprocessofinnovationandentrepreneurship,theyshouldbesure to think outsidetheboxofIaaT

41、andIaaP.Also,theyshouldovercomeimpatience, makegreateffortstointegrateonline andoffline resources,developnewproduct,and promotebusinessmodelinnovation.企業應該該基于互互聯網的的資源觀觀重新思思考原有有的生產產經營方方式，分分析企業業面臨的內部條件和競爭環境境，結合合自身的的優勢，加快基基于互聯聯網資源源的技術術創新、商業模模式創新新和服務務體系創創新，不不斷優化化基于互互聯網資資源的企企業發展展戰略。Enterprisesshouldrethi

42、nktheoriginalproductionandmanagementmode based on Internet resourceview.Technologicalinnovation,businessmodelinnovation andservice systeminnovation of enterprises basedontheInternetresourcesshould be accelerated,byanalyzingtheinternalcondition andthecompetitionenvironment,and combiningwith itsadvant

43、ages.Thus,thedevelopmentstrategies of enterprises based on Internetresourcecanbeconstantlyoptimized.政府應該該基于互互聯網的的資源觀觀，充分分認識互互聯網資資源對經經濟社會會發展影影響的基基本規律律，制定定更加精精準的公公共政策策，促進進互聯網網資源與與經濟社社會的融融合發展展，實現現經濟發發展的轉轉型升級級。BasedontheInternetresourceview,governmentshouldfullyunderstandthebasiclawoftheimpactofInternet

44、resourceontheeconomicandsocialdevelopment.Theintegrated development of Internet resource andeconomy &societycanbepromoted, by formulating moreaccuratepublic policies,thus realizingthetransformationandupgrading of economyand society.例如：1.互聯網時代制造造生態系系統的演演變與重重構理論(Evolutionandreconstructiontheoryofmanuf

45、acturingecosysteminthe eraofInternet)2.互聯網時代制造造過程的的價值創創造與服服務化理論(Valuecreationand servicetheory of manufacturingprocessintheera ofInternet)3.互聯網時代制造造單元的的自組織織與集成成理論(Self-organizationand integration theoryofmanufacturing units in theeraofInternet)4.互聯網時代制造造過程的的智能運運作管理理論論(Intelligentoperationalmanagemen

46、ttheoryofmanufacturingprocess in theeraofInternet)5.互聯網時代制造造信息系系統開放放結構與與智能決策理論論(Openstructureofmanufacturinginformationsystemand intelligent decision theoryintheera of Internet)互聯網時時代制造造生態系統統的演變與與重構理論論科學問題1互聯網與大數據據環境下下，產品形態向數數字化和和服務化化延伸，產品與與服務的的要素不不斷拓展展，制造造資源的的組織方方式不斷斷演化。IntheenvironmentofInternetan

47、dbigdata,productshave graduallybecomedigitalandservice-oriented.The factorsofproductsand servicehavebeencontinuouslyextendedand theorganizationalmode of manufacturingresources hasconstantly evolved.Scientific problem1:Evolutionand reconstruction theoryofmanufacturingecosystemintheera of Internet改變了企

48、業與與企業、企業與與用戶、用戶與與用戶間間的交互方式式，從而而擴展了傳統制造造業的產業邊界界，形成成了基于于價值網網絡的新型制造造生態系統統，并與與其所在在的經濟濟生態、社會生生態和自自然生態態構成了了多層次次生態系系統結構構。Theseresultinthe changeofinteractionmannerbetweenenterprises,enterprise andcustomer,and customers,and furtherextendedtheindustrialboundaryoftraditionalmanufacturingindustry.Inthis situat

49、ion,the value networkbasednewmanufacturing ecosystemisformed,andthemulti-hierarchicalecosystemstructureisconstructedcombinedwith theeconomic,social,andnaturalecology.分析制造造系統的新新型生態態要素及及其行為模式式，建立層次次化制造造生態系統統結構，并并揭示制制造系統統結構與演演化機制制，在此基基礎上重重構制造造生態系系統與企業價值值理論，從而在在系統層面為互互聯網與與大數據據環境下制造工程管理理提供基基礎理論論支撐。Itisne

50、cessarytoanalyzethenew ecologicalfactors andbehaviorpatterns,toestablishamulti-levelecosystemstructure,andtorevealthesystem structureandevolution mechanismofthemanufacturingsystem. Then, themanufacturing ecosystemandenterprise value theoryarerestructured,whichprovidesthetheoreticalfoundationsupport

51、inthesystemlevel.互聯網時時代制造造過程的價價值創造與服務化理理論科學問題2互聯網和和大數據據技術不不僅加速速了制造造企業由由傳統的的產品化化思維向向服務化化思維的的轉變，而且把把制造服服務化的的內涵進進一步深深入，推推動了制制造模式式和商業業模式創創新。Internetandbigdata haveacceleratedthe movement of traditional productthoughttoservice-oriented thoughtinthemanufacturing enterprises,deepenedtheconnotationofservice

52、-orientedmanufacturing,andpromptedthe innovationofmanufacturingandbusinessmodes.Scientific problem2: Value creation andservice theoryofmanufacturing processintheera of Internet制造企業利用用互聯網網和大數數據技術術打通線線上數據據分析和和線下智智能生產產過程，利用社社會化制制造資源源和智慧慧資源，聚合客客戶需求求、擴展展創新要素素，提高資源源利用效效率，并并以制造服服務的形形式參與與全球化制制造過程程，從而而實現企企業價

53、值值創造。ManufacturingenterprisesuseInternetandbigdata to integrateonlinedataanalysisandofflineintelligentproduction process, socialmanufacturing andwisdomresources to aggregatecustomerrequirementsand expandinnovation sourcessoastoimprovetheutilizationofresources.Also theenterprisesdependontheirpreponde

54、rant resourcestoglobalmanufacturingprocess to implementtheirvaluecreation.研究互聯網與與大數據據環境下制造服務資源源管理方法和服服務資源間的的制造服服務價值值網絡協協同機制制，在此此基礎上進一步步研究制制造服務模式式設計與與評價方方法的關關鍵技術術問題，豐富和擴展制造造服務化理論。Itisnecessarytostudythemanufacturing serviceresourcesmanagementmethodsofintheInternetand bigdata environment,andthe manufa

55、cturingservice value networkcoordinationmechanisms among serviceresources.Then thekeytechnicalproblemsofservicemodeldesignand evaluationmethods canbefurther studied, which canenrichthemanufacturingservicizationtheory.互聯網時時代制造造單元的自組織與與集成理論論科學問題3互聯網與大數據據環境下的制造往往涉及及跨部門門、跨行行業、跨跨地區的的多個參參與主體體，需要要構建全全球化制制造

56、網絡絡，實現現異地設設計和制制造資源源的協同同。IntheenvironmentofInternetandbigdata,manufacturingisgenerallyassociatedwith multiple participantsacrossdepartments, industries, andregions,andneedsthe constructionofglobalmanufacturingnetwork to carry outdistributeddesignand thecollaboration of manufacturingresources.Scientif

57、ic problem3:Self-organizationandintegrationtheory of manufacturingunitsintheera of Internet制造單元以虛虛擬化的的方式實實現全球球制造資資源的廣廣泛互聯聯，形成成一個信信息系統統與物理理系統交交織、內內外部制制造功能能單元融融合的立立體化可可重組網網絡。制造企業通過過集成不不同企業業的多種種層次的的制造功功能單元元完成制制造任務務，從而而保證全全球制造造資源的的靈活組組織。Manufacturingunitsarevirtualizedtomakeglobalmanufacturingresourcesi

58、nterconnectedtoforma stereoscopicandreconstructednetwork in which information systemisintegrated withphysicalsystem andinternalandexternalfunctionalunitsofmanufacturing areaggregated.Manufacturing enterpriseshaveperformedmanufacturingtasksbytheintegrationofmulti-hierarchical functionalunitsofmanufac

59、turingsoastoguaranteethe flexible organizationofglobalmanufacturingresources.分析互聯網與與大數據據環境下制造單元的自自組織行行為特征征，研究制制造單元的網網絡自組組織方式式和跨層層次集成成方式，建立制造造單元的基基本組織織和協同同方式，形成互互聯網與與大數據據環境下制造單元的自自組織與與集成方法法，從而創新新和發展制造造組織理論論。Itisnecessarytoanalyzetheself-organizingbehaviorcharacteristics, to study thenetworkself organ

60、izationandcross-levelintegrationmethods,andtoestablish thebasicorganizationandcooperativemodesofmanufacturing units.Thus,theselforganizationand integration theoryofmanufacturing units canbeformed, which is theinnovationandthe developmentofthemanufacturingorganizationtheories.互聯網時時代制造造過程的智能運運作管理理理論科學