1、Unit 23 賓語從句Warming upI want to be a teacher.What did she say?She saidshe wanted to be a teacher.“I want to be a teacher.”She saidshe wanted to be a teacher.Im going to do my homework.What did he say?He said he was going to do his homework.“I am going to do my homework.”He saidhe was going to do his

2、 homework.We can fly!What did they say?They said (that) they could fly.I am hard-working.She said she was hard-working.I am running.She said she was running.We are swimming.They said they were swimming.I am playing the trumpet.He said he was playing the trumpet.I can fly in the sky.She said she coul

3、d fly in the sky.I like to draw pictures.He said I want to sing.She said He is funny.They said He is smart.She said He has a cold.She said Tom is swimming in the sea.Ben said 直接引語和間接引語(一) 直接引語和間接引語的定義直接引述別人的原話, 叫做直接引語; 用自己話轉述別人的話, 叫做間接引語。間接引語一般構成賓語從句。直接引語必須放在引號內, 間接引語則不用引號。Grammar focusEg: She said,

4、“ I am tired.” （直接引語）She said (that) she was tired. （間接引語）（二）直接引語改間接引語1. 直接引語改為間接引語時, 要將引語部分變成賓語從句外, 從句應該保持陳述句語序。Eg: She said that he could play the piano.He asked where he would go tomorrow.2.直接引語改為間接引語時,還必須對直接引語中的人稱、時態、指示代詞、時間狀語、地點狀語等進行改變。（1）人稱的變化I am hard-working every day.He said he was hard-wor

5、king every day.（2）代詞的變化This is my guitar.He said that was his guitar.（3）指示代詞、時間狀語、地點狀語、動詞等等的變化;根據意義進行相應的變化。1. He said, “These books are mine.” He said that those books were his. 2. She said,” I am doing my homework now.She said that she was doing her homework then.3. I said,” I will come here tomorr

6、ow.”I said that I would go there tomorrow.時間狀語直接引語間接引語nowthentodaythat daythis week (month)that week (month）yesterdaythe day beforethe day before yesterdaytwo days beforelast week (year)the week (year) beforethree days agothree days beforetomorrowthe next daythe day after tomorrowtwo days laternext

7、week (year)the next week (year)直接引語間接引語地點狀語herethere指示代詞thisthatthesethose動詞comego（4）時態的變化I dont like cleaning the room.-He said he didnt like cleaning the room.She said:” I am going to Shantou.”-She said that she was going to Shantou.They said:” We will visit our teacher.”-They said that they would

8、 visit their teacher.1）主句是一般現在時當間接引語的主句是一般現在時，后面的賓語從句可以根據實際情況用不同的時態。Eg: He says that he will visit Shanghai one day.She tells that Tom didnt finish his homework on time yesterday.2）主句是一般過去式直接引語變為間接引語時,通常受轉述動詞said, asked等的影響。當間接引語的主句是一般過去式，后面的賓語從句應該用相應的過去時態（一般過去式、過去進行時、過去將來時、過去完成時等），即在原來從句的時態的基礎上，在時間

9、上向前推一個時態。間接引語直接引語一般現在時一般過去式現在進行時過去進行時現在完成時過去完成時一般過去式過去完成時過去完成時過去完成時（不變）一般將來時過去將來時cancouldmaymightEg: She said, “ I am a student.” - She said she was a student.He said: “ I am doing my homework now. ” - He said he was doing his homework then.They said : “ We will take part in the match next week.” -

10、They said they would take part in the match the next week.Lucy said: “ I finished the work.” - Lucy said she had finished the work.3）間接引語表示客觀真理的情況當間接引語轉述的是客觀真理或是為了表示引述的狀態和情況到現在仍然是事實時，無論主句是什么時態，賓語從句（間接引語）都應該用一般現在時。Eg: He said, “ Light travels much faster than sound.” - He said that light travels much

11、 faster than sound.His mother said to me, “ He is a good boy.” - His mother said to me that he is a good boy.1）陳述句的間接引語引導詞陳述句由直接引語變間接引語,通常由that引導,可以省略。 “I want the blue one.” he told us. He told us that he wanted the blue one.（5）間接引語（賓語從句）的引導詞She said to me, “You cant settle anything now.” She told

12、me that I couldnt settle anything then. 2） 疑問句的間接引語引導詞 直接引語如果是疑問句,變成間接引語后,叫做間接疑問句。間接疑問句為陳述句語序。 引述動詞常用ask, wonder, want to know, inquire。間接疑問句一般有三種： 一般疑問句由直接引語變為間接引語時, 由whether或if 引導，中文意思是 “是否”。 “Has he ever worked in Shanghai?”Jim asked. Jim asked whether/if he had ever worked in Shanghai特殊疑問句由直接引語變

13、為間接引語時, 仍由原來的疑問詞引導。 Eg: “Which room do you live in?” He asked me which room I lived in. “What do you think of the film?” She asked. She asked her friend what she thought of the film. 選擇疑問句由直接引語變為間接引語時, 由whether/if or引導。如： eg: “Is it your bike or Toms? Mum asked. Mum asked whether/if it was my bike o

14、r Toms.“Does your sister like blue dresses or green ones?” Kate asked.Kate asked whether/if my sister liked blue dresses or green ones.3） 祈使句的間接引語 當祈使句變為間接引語時,間接祈使句的引述動詞常用tell, ask, order, beg, request, order等，而把直接祈使句變成帶to的不定式短語。 eg: Jack said, “Please come to my house tomorrow, Mary.” Jack asked Ma

15、ry to go to his house the next day. The teacher said to the students, “Dont talk.” The teacher told the students not to talk. 1. Tony said, “I can play the violin.” Tony said _2. Tanya said, “Carol is studying Japanese.” Tanya said_3. They said, “Were going to Sams house.” They said_he could play th

16、e violin.Carol was studying Japanese.they were going to Sams house.直接引語變為間接引語4. Susan said, “Im very hungry.” Susan said_5. She said,”You can do better in science.” She said_6. He said, “I have to get up early.” He said_7. They said, “We will go to the beach tomorrow.” They said_ _she was very hungr

17、y.I could do better in science.he had to get up early.they would go to the beach tomorrow.Tom says, “ I am late for class.” Tom said _ _ late for class.2. Amy says, “ I am going to have a party for you .” Amy said _ _ going to have a party for me .3. The boy says,“ I will go home after school.” The

18、boy said _ _ go home after school.4. Jack says, “My father is a doctor.” Jack said _ father _ a doctor.5. The girl says, “I can speak English.” The girl said she _ speak English.Exercises:he wasshe washe wouldhis was could1. “Li Lei is reading a book,” Peter said to LucyPeter told Lucy that Li Lei w

19、as reading a book. Exercises2. “We will have a football match ,”he told his mother.3. “They go to school everyday except Saturday and Sunday ,”the boy said.The boy said they went to school everyday except Saturday and Sunday.He told his mother they would have a football match tomorrow.4. Cousin Sue

20、said, “Im sorry I didnt have time to come over and visit last Saturday.” Cousin Sue said she was sorry she hadnt had time to come over and visit the previous Saturday.【運用】完成下列直接引語和間接引語的轉換練習, 每空一詞。1. Lily said, “Ill go shopping with my mother.”Lily said (that) _ _ go shopping with _ mother.she wouldh

21、er2. She asked me if I was interested in computer games. She asked, “_ _ interested in computer games?”3. Mr King said to Lucy, “Please open the window.”Mr King _ Lucy _ _ the window.to openAre youtoldI play sports every day.Lets play a memory game!What did he/she say?I work very hard.Im very friend

22、ly.Im very funny.I can sing very well.I like to play basketball a lot. Oral practiceYou are hard-workingMy teacher said I was hard-working.You are good at English.My teacher said I was good at English.You can do better in math.My teacher said I could do better in math.You are lazy.My teacher said I

23、was lazy.練習坊1. math teacher, could, said, I, my, better, do My math teacher said I could do better. 2. my party, would, Lily, she, on, night, said, come, Friday, to Lily said she would come to my party on Friday night. Exercise 連詞成句3. Thailand, next summer holiday, she, Denis, visit, told, would, me Denis told me she would visit Thailand next summer holiday.4. hard-working, I, the, was, English,