1、School of Continuing Education大學英語第一冊網絡課程大學英語第一冊網絡課程By School of Foreign Languages2011Unit 2 Sailing Round The World EnterMenuPre-readingWhile-readingPost-readingBackgroundinformationVocabularyPhrasesTextProper namesExercisesBACK 1. About Sir Francis Chichester Born in Devon, Britain, in 1901, Sir F

2、rancis Chichester was a British adventure. As a young man, he went to New Zealand, where he worked as a miner, salesman and land agent. After returning to England in 1929, he made a solo flight to Australia in a biplane. Two years later, in 1931, he piloted the first east-west flight over the Tasman

3、 Sea between New Zealand and Australia. He then planned to fly round the world, but the plane was severely damaged in an accident in Japan.BACK After World War II he founded a business in London. Taking up ocean sailing in 1953, he won the first solo transatlantic race in 1960 by sailing the “Gipsy

4、Moth II” from Plymouth to New York city in 40 days. On August 27, 1966, he set off to sail round the world alone in the “Gipsy Moth IV”. He finished his great voyage on May 28, 1967. Then he sailed on to Greenwich, where he was knighted by Queen Elizabeth II. He died in 1972, leaving behind two book

5、s he had written: The Lonely Sea and Sky and the Gipsy Moth Circle the World.BACK 2.Knights and knighthood Knights were the highest class of fighting men in Europe during the Middle Ages. There were other classes of fighting men, such as the lowly foot soldiers. But the knights, who fought on horseb

6、ack, were the aristocrats of the battlefield. The great heroes of the time, both in story and in fact, were knights.BACK By the year 1500 the time of the knight as fighting man was over. Hired foot soldiers replaced the mounted knights. But knighthood did not die out altogether. Today in Great Brita

7、in, knighthood is an honorary award given to out standing people in recognition of some remarkable work they have done. A man with the rank of knight is called “Sir” (prefixed to his whole name or given name, but not to his surname alone), and his wife, “Lady”. A woman with the same rank is called “

8、Dame”. 1. single-handed done by one person without help from others (used either as an adverb or as an adjective)單獨的e.g. In the end he had to man the ship single-handed.The job can not be done single-handed. 2. adventure an exciting and/or dangerous journey or activity; strange or unusual happening冒

9、險（活動）e.g. Every journey outside the house is an adventure to the baby.Have you read the Adventures of Tom Sawyer?BACKHOMENew words3. solo single-handed(單獨的)e.g. I made my first solo flight. 我第一次作了單人飛行。4. transatlantic crossing the Atlantic Ocean(橫渡大西洋的)e.g. transatlantic flights 橫渡大西洋的飛行BACK HOMENew

10、 words5. lung part of the body with which one breathes(肺)補充：補充：心：heart肝：liver腸：intestines 腎：kidney 胃：stomach 6.cancer 癌癥e.g. The doctors are making an attempt to prevent cancer cells spreading. 醫生們試圖阻止癌細胞擴散。 BACKHOMENew words7. determined with ones mind firmly made up(下定決心的)e.g. Government is determ

11、ined to further the reform.She is a determined woman and has brought up her children single-handed.8.determine 決定e.g. She determined to go that very afternoon.她決定就在那天下午走。9. determination 決心 e.g. My father was a man of determination.我父親是一個果斷的人。 HOMENew words10. retire1) give up ones job because of ol

12、d age(退休) e.g. Professors usually retire at 60 in China.2) go away; withdraw(撤退) e.g. Each side retired 15 miles from the frontier.3) go to bed(睡覺)e.g. The writer usually retires at midnight.BACKHOMENew words11. voyage(n.) sea journey(航海)e.g. The first space shuttle voyage was devoted entirely to as

13、tronomy.(v.) go on a sea journey(海上航行)e.g. The seaman has almost voyaged around the world.BACKHOMENew words12. route way from one place to another(路線)e.g. This is the shortest route from Boston to New York.這是從波士頓到紐約的最短路線 。13. clipper 快速帆船14.crew group of people who work together on a ship or aeropla

14、ne. (全體船員)注釋注釋:集體名詞，無單復數集體名詞，無單復數e.g. The ships crew struck.這艘船的船員罷工了 BACKHOMENew words15. steer make (esp. a boat or road vehicle) go in a particular direction(為掌舵)e.g. He steered his boat into the harbor.他將船駛進港內。16. device sth. made for a special purpose( 裝置) e.g. The television receiver is an ele

15、ctronic device. 電視接收器是一種電子裝置。17. Steering device 操舵裝置 BACKHOMENew words18. damage(vt.) cause harm toe.g. Hurricane Andrew damaged thousands of homes.(n.) harm; losse.g. Hurricane Andrew did great damage to the crops.19.gale very strong wind(大風)e.g. Trees were blown down in the gale. 樹被大風刮倒。BACK HOME

16、New words20. cover pass over or travel (a certain distance)(行過)一段距離e.g. The travelers covered 400 miles a day by car. They covered three states in two days.21. previously before以前e.g. We planned previously to visit the Museum, but we simply do not have the time.22. previous 以前的e.g. I remember you me

17、ntioned the same thing on a previous occasion. 我記得你在以前某個時候提及過同一件事情。 BACKHOMENew words23. attempt(n.) effort to do sth嘗試 e.g. A true friend will make every attempt to help you.(vt.) try to do sth試圖去做 e.g. He attempted to win her love by sending her expensive gifts.24. dissuade prevent (sb.) from doin

18、g sth. by reasoning勸阻e.g. I dissuaded him from rushing in to submit his resignation. 我勸他不要急急忙忙遞交辭職書。 BACKHOMENew words25.treacherous more dangerous than it seems暗藏危險的e.g. He was cruel, treacherous and unscrupulous.他殘忍、奸詐、不擇手段。26.cape 海角 e.g. Cape of Good Hope好望角（非洲西南端的非常著名的岬角 ）Cape Horn: a steep hea

19、dland at the south of Horn Island, Chile, generally considered the southernmost point of South America. All the water between South America and the Antarctic Ocean is squeezed through this narrow, shallow gap. Sometimes, the waves there may be as high as 50 feet.BACKHOMENew words27.rough ( of weathe

20、r or the sea) stormy, not calm(氣候)有暴風雨的e.g. The ship sailed in rough seas. 這船在波濤洶涌的海面行駛。28.fortunately luckily幸運地 e.g. Fortunately, the fire was discovered soon after it had started.幸好火勢剛起就立即被發現了。29. fortunate 幸運的 e.g. It is fortunate that we can all meet tomorrow. 我們明天都能見面了,真是幸運。 BACKHOMENew words3

21、0. contact(vt.) get in touch with聯系 e.g. Do you contact your old classmates often?(n.) state of touching or communication接觸 e.g. Many people are afraid of contacts with AIDS patients.31. nearby not far off (used either as an adjective or an adverb)在附近e.g. At a nearby table people were talking loudly

22、.BACKHOMENew words32.following next; to be mentioned immediately 接著的；下列的e.g. They were married in 1978 and had a daughter the following year. 他們于一九七八年結婚,第二年就生了個女兒。33. waken (vi.) stop sleeping醒來e.g. He wakened at the first ray of daylight. (vt.) wake up sb. 叫醒某人e.g. The alarm bell wakened him out of

23、 a sound sleep. BACKHOMENew wordsg34.nightmare terrible dream噩夢e.g. In his nightmares they burned his house. 在他的噩夢中,他們燒了他的房子。35. drag pull along with great effort拖，拉 He grabbed her and dragged her away.他抓住她,把她拖走了。36. sinister 兇惡的e.g. a sinister smile奸笑BACK HOMENew words 37. knight(n.) 爵士(v.)封為爵士e.g.

24、 The king knighted the soldier for his valor.國王因那位軍人英勇而封他為爵士。38. sword 劍，刀 e.g. Do you believe that the pen is mightier than the sword? 你相信筆桿的威力大于武力嗎? BACKHOMENew words39. accomplish finish successfully（完成）e.g. They didnt accomplish the purpose desired.他們沒有達到預期的目的。40. conquer defeat; overcome征服e.g.

25、More and more people have come to realize that we must not “conquer” nature, but we should make good use of it , instead.41. undoubtedly certainly無疑地e.g. That is undoubtedly true.那無疑是真的。BACK39 BACK40,41 HOMENew words42. moreover in addition; furthermore此外e.g. He is undoubtedly not an ideal husband.

26、He smokes and drinks. Moreover, he is lazy.43.human of or concerning people人們e.g. This meat is not fit for human consumption.這種肉不適合人食用。44. being a living thing, esp. a person生物e.g. Has anybody ever seen any beings from outer space? 有人見到過外星人嗎? BACKHOMENew words1.set out begin a course of action 著手，開始

27、e.g. He set out to paint the whole house but finished only the front part. 他開始著手粉刷整幢房子,可是只完成了前面的部分。2. give up stop having or doing; abandon hope for sth. or the attempt to do sth.放棄e.g. We should not give up halfway.BACKHOMEPhrases and expressions3.be determined to (do) have a strong will to (do)決心(

28、做)e.g. She is determined to finish law school.她決意在法學院讀到畢業。4.(all) by oneself (completely) alone孤獨地e.g. The little boy went out by himself. 小男孩獨自一人出去了。5. in spite of regardless of盡管e.g. The headmaster decided to hire this young man in spite of the fact that he had had no teaching experience at all.BA

29、CKHOMEPhrases and expressions6. by far by a large degree (usually used to modify a superlative or comparative degree adjectives or adverb).得多 e.g. This is by far the better of the two.7. turn over (cause to) reverse in position by bringing the bottom to the top or vice versa(使)翻倒e.g. The lamp was tu

30、rned over, and that was what started the fire.8. can not help can not keep oneself from 禁不住e.g. He can not help laughing.HOMEPhrases and expressionsBACK1.Francis Chichester 弗朗西斯奇切斯特2.Gipsy Moth 吉普賽莫斯3.Sydney 悉尼4.Cape Horn 合恩角（智利）5.London 倫敦6.Elizabeth 伊麗莎白7.Drake 德雷克HOMEProper NamesHOMEWhile reading

31、 activity: TextTextChinese versionEffective Writing Skills UNIT 2TEXT At sixty-five Francis Chichester set out to sail single-handed round the world. This is the story of that adventure.Sailing Round the World Before he sailed round the world single-handed, Francis Chichester had already surprised h

32、is friends several times. He had tried to fly round the world but failed. That was in 1931.BACKHOMEtext The years passed. He gave up flying and began sailing. He enjoyed it greatly. Chichester was already 58 years old when he won the first solo transatlantic sailing race. His old dream of going roun

33、d the world came back, but this time he would sail. His friends and doctors did not think he could do it, as he had lung cancer. But Chichester was determined to carry out his plan. In August, 1963, at the age of nearly sixty-five, an age when many men retire, he began the greatest voyage of his lif

34、e. Soon, he was away in this new 16-metre boat, GipsyMoth.BACKHOMEtext Chichester followed the route of the great nineteenth century clipper ships. But the clippers had had plenty of crew. Chicheater did it all by himself, even after the main steering device had been damaged by gales. Chichester cov

35、ered 14, 100 miles before stopping in Sydney, Australia. This was more than twice the distance anyone had previously sailed alone. BACK HOMEtext He arrived in Australia on 12 December, just 107 days out from England. He received a warm welcome from the Australians and from his family who had flown t

36、here to meet him. On shore, Chichester could not walk without help. Everybody said the same thing: he had done enough; he must not go any further. But he did not listen.BACK HOMEtext After resting in Sydney for a few weeks, Chichester set off once more in spite of his friends attempts to dissuade hi

37、m. The second half of his voyage was by far the more dangerous part, during which he sailed round the t r e a c h e r o u s C a p e H o r n .BACKHOMEtext On 29 January he left Australia. The mext night, the blackest he had ever known, the sea became so rough that the boat almost turned over. Food, c

38、lothes, and broken glass were all mixed together. Fortunately, bed and went to sleep. When he woke up, the sea had become calm the nearest person he could contact by radio, unless there was a ship nearby, Wild be on an island 885 miles away.BACKHOMEtext After succeeding in sailing round Cape Horn, C

39、hichester sent the following radio message to London: I feel as if I had wakened from a nightmare. Wild horses could not drag me down to Cape Horn and that sinister Southern Ocean again.BACKHOMEtext Just before 9 oclock on Sunday evening 28 May, 1967, he aeeived back in England, where a quarter of a

40、 million people were waiting to welcome him. Queeh Elizabeth II knighted him with the very sword that Queen Elizabeth I had sailed round the world for the first time. The whole voyage from England and back had covered 28, 500 miles. It had taken him nine months , of which the sailing time was 226 da

41、ys. He had done what he wanted to accomplish. BACKHOMEtext Like many other adventurers, Chichester had experienced fear and conquered it. In doing so, he had undoubtedly learnt something about himself. Moreover, in the modern age when human beings depend so much on machines, he had given men through

42、out the world new pride. HOMEtext第二單元第二單元65歲的弗朗西斯奇切斯特打算單獨進行一次環球航行，這就是那次冒險的故事。環球航行環球航行弗朗西斯奇切斯特在獨自駕船環球航行之前，已有好幾次讓他的朋友們感到吃驚了。他曾試圖作環球飛行，但沒有成功。那是在1931年。BACKHOMEChinese Version 好多年過去了，他放棄了飛行，開始航海。他領略到航海的巨大樂趣。奇切斯特在首屆橫渡大西洋單人航海比賽中奪魁時，已經58歲。他周游世界的宿愿又被喚起，不過這一次他是要駕船環游。由于他患有肺癌，朋友們和醫生們都認為他不該去，但奇切斯特決意實施自己的計劃。1966年

43、8月，在他年近65歲的時候許多人在這個年齡已經退休他開始了一生中最了不起的一次航海。不久，他就駕著那艘16米長的新船吉普賽莫思號啟程出海了。BACKHOMEChinese Version 奇切斯特沿著19世紀大型三桅帆船的航線航行。不過，三桅帆船擁有眾多船員，而奇切斯特卻是獨自揚帆破浪，即使在主要轉舵裝置被大風刮壞之后仍是這樣。奇切斯特一直航行了14，100英里，到了澳大利亞的悉尼港才停船靠岸。這段航程比以往單人駕舟航海的最遠航程還多一倍。BACKHOMEChinese Version 他于12月12日抵達澳大利亞，這一天正是他離開英國的第107天。他受到澳大利亞人和乘飛機專程前去迎接他的家人

44、們的熱烈歡迎。奇切斯特上岸后，得由人攙扶才能行走。大家眾口一詞，說他已航行得夠遠了，不要再繼續向前航行了。但他卻置若罔聞。在悉尼休息了幾周之后，他不顧朋友的多方勸阻，再次揚帆出航。BACKHOMEChinese Version 在悉尼休息了幾周之后，他不顧朋友的多方勸阻，再次揚帆出航。這后半段航程更為艱險，在此期間，他繞過了險情四伏的合恩角。 BACKHOMEChinese Version 1月29日他駛離澳大利亞。第二天夜晚這是他所經歷過的最黑暗的一個夜晚海面上波濤洶涌，小船幾乎被風浪掀翻。食物、衣服還有碎玻璃，全都混雜在一起了。幸好小船受到的損壞還不算太嚴重。奇切斯特鎮靜地鉆進被窩，睡著了

45、。等他醒來時，大海又恢復了平靜。然而，他仍禁不住想到，要是果真有什么意外，他能借無線電聯系上的人，最近的也要在885英里以外的島上，除非附近哪兒有條輪船。BACKHOMEChinese Version 成功地繞過合恩角以后，奇切斯特便通過無線電給倫敦發去如下的電文：“我覺得好象剛從惡夢中醒來。就是野馬也休想再把我拖回到合恩角和那兇險莫測的南大洋去了。”BACKHOMEChinese Version 1967年5月28日，星期天，晚上將近9點，他回到了英國。有25萬人等在那兒歡迎他。女王伊麗莎白二世手持寶劍刺封他為爵士。大約在400年前，伊麗莎白一世也曾手持同一把寶劍，把爵位賜予完成首次環球航行

46、的弗朗西斯德雷克爵士。從英國出發，又回到英國，整個航程長達28，500英里。奇切斯特一共花了九個月的時間，其中實際航行時間為226天。他終于完成了他想完成的偉業。BACKHOMEChinese Version 像許多別的冒險家一樣，奇切斯特產生過恐懼而又戰勝了恐懼。在這一過程中，他無疑對自身有了一些了解。此外，在當今這個人類如此依賴機器的時代，他將新的自豪感賦予了全世界的人們。BACKHOMEChinese VersionContraction: reducing (簡化）簡化）clauses to phrases or words In the text of the unit, there

47、 are sentences such as:-Chichester covered 14,000 miles before stopping in Sydney, Australia. _(= before he stopped in Sydney, Australia)-After resting in Sydney for a few weeks, Chichester set off once more in spite of his friends attempts to dissuade him. (= After he had returned in Sydney ) In th

48、ese sentences, gerundial phrases (動名詞短語）are used instead of clauses. Besides gerundial phrases, infinitives（不定式), participial phrases（分詞短語）, or prepositional phrases（介詞短語）can also be used to replace（替換）clauses. HOMEEffective Writing SkillsBACKHOMEBACKVocabulary Ex. 4Completing sentences Ex. 6Word bu

49、ilding Ex. 7Fill in blanks Ex. 5ExercisesCloze Ex. 13Translation Ex. 14Completing table Ex.8Structure Ex. 9,10,11,12Choose the definition from column B that best matches each italicized word or phrase in column A.HOME1.determined to carry out his plan a. besides2.covered 14,000 miles b. persuade not

50、 to do sth.3.dissuade him c. traveled4.fortunately d. not far away5.damage to the boat e. having a strong will6.contact the nearest person f. overcome7.a ship nearby g. harm8.what he wanted to accomplish h. luckily9.conquer fear i. get in touch with10. moreover j. succeed in doing BACKHOMEBACK1. Tho

51、ugh she is nearly 65, Mary doesnt want to_.retire2. Freezing weather did much _to the orange tree.damageattemptattemptaccomplishaccomplishdamagedamagecontactcontactretireretireby farby farturn overturn overgive upgive up be determinedbe determinedconquerconquernearbynearbymore overmore overall by on

52、eselfall by oneselfHOMEBACKattemptattemptaccomplishaccomplishdamagedamagecontactcontactretireretireby farby farturn overturn overgive upgive up be determinedbe determinedconquerconquernearbynearbymore overmore overall by oneselfall by oneself3. Ill _you by telephone when I hear anything new.contact4

53、. The boy _ his fear of the dark and walked alone in the woods at night.conqueredHOMEBACKattemptattemptaccomplishaccomplishdamagedamagecontactcontactretireretireby farby farturn overturn overgive upgive up be determinedbe determinedconquerconquernearbynearbymore overmore overall by oneselfall by one

54、self5. He _ his seat on the bus to an old woman standing _.gave up; nearby6. Do you believe that a 15-year-old girl has translated this English story into Chinese _.all by herselfHOMEBACKattemptattemptaccomplishaccomplishdamagedamagecontactcontactretireretireby farby farturn overturn overgive upgive

55、 up be determinedbe determinedconquerconquernearbynearbymore overmore overall by oneselfall by oneself7. He made a new _ to solve the problem, but failed again.attempt8. He is a man of great ability. I am sure that a lot will be _ if he is elected chairman of the student union.accomplishedHOMEBACKat

56、temptattemptaccomplishaccomplishdamagedamagecontactcontactretireretireby farby farturn overturn overgive upgive up be determinedbe determinedconquerconquernearbynearbymore overmore overall by oneselfall by oneself9. Jack arrived an hour late for the meeting. _, he didnt even apologize or give any ex

57、planation.moreover10. He says you are _ the best candidate (候選人）.by farHOMEBACKattemptattemptaccomplishaccomplishdamagedamagecontactcontactretireretireby farby farturn overturn overgive upgive up be determinedbe determinedconquerconquernearbynearbymore overmore overall by oneselfall by oneself11. In

58、 those days the Portuguese were trying to reach India by sailing round Africa, but Columbus _ to prove that India could be reached by sailing west.was determined 12. The boat _, throwing the boys into the water.turned overHOMEBACKCompleting sentences Ex. 6 Complete the following sentences, using the

59、 words given in brackets.1. I that it was a mistake to let him go. (cant help) I cant help thinking that it was a mistake to let him go.2. After drinking heavily at the New Years Eve party, the next morning with a painful headache. After drinking heavily at the New Years Eve party, I was wakened the

60、 next morning with a painful headache.HOMEBACKCompleting sentences Ex. 6 Complete the following sentences, using the words given in brackets.3. His classmates tried to swimming across the lake, but he did not listen. (dissuade) His classmates tried to dissuaded him from swimming across the lake, but