1、精選優質文檔-傾情為你奉上生物信息學常用詞語英漢對照表專心-專注-專業核酸nucleic acid核苷酸nucleotide堿基對base pair蛋白質protein酶enzyme糖sugar脂類lipid配體ligand器官organ組織tissue細胞cells亞細胞subcellular細胞壁cell wall細胞膜cell membrane細胞質cytoplasm細胞核nucleus細胞器cell organelle葉綠體chloroplasts線粒體mitochondrion液泡vacuole染色體chromosome肽peptide序列sequence結構structure-螺旋

2、alpha helix-折疊片beta sheet-轉角beta turn無規卷曲random coil結構域domain亞基subunit二硫鍵disulfide bond功能function數據data數據庫database鏈接link基因gene基因組genome轉錄transcription翻譯translation逆轉錄reverse transcription生物信息學bioinformatics親水hydrophilic疏水hydrophobic氨基酸amino acids極性氨基酸polar amino acids堿性氨基酸basic amino acids酸性氨基酸acidi

3、c amino acids信號肽signal peptide酶切enzyme digestion限制性內切酶restriction enzyme密碼子codon啟動子promoter外顯子exon內含子intron預測predict提交submit對齊alignment文件file保存save編輯edit另存為save as復制copy粘貼paste剪切cut刪除delete插入insert替換replace查找search反向互補鏈reverse complementary chain單鏈single strand雙鏈double strand分子量molecular weight植物pla

4、nt真菌fungus病毒viruses細菌bacteria哺乳動物mammal脊椎動物vertebrate無脊椎動物invertebrate昆蟲insect雙子葉植物dicot單子葉植物monocot編碼區codon sequence/cds非翻譯區untranslation region/utr注釋annotation保守區組塊block保守conservation一致consensus覆蓋率coverage期望值expect value/e volue測序sequencing表達序列標簽express sequence tag/est過濾filter格式format空位gap空位罰分gap penalty同源性homology相同性identity最大似然法maximum likelihood最大簡約法maximum parsimony模序motif兩序列聯配pair-wise sequence alignment多序列聯配multiple sequence alignment鄰接法neighbor-joining開放閱讀框open read frame/orf直系同源orthology并系同源paralogy相似百分率similarity