1、精選優質文檔-傾情為你奉上定語從句講解與練習一、定語從句的概念在復合句中，修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句。被修飾的名詞或代詞叫先行詞，定語從句一般放在先行詞的后面。二、定語從句的關系詞引導定語從句的關系詞有關系代詞和關系副詞，常見的關系代詞包括that，which，who（賓格whom，所有格whose）等，關系副詞包括where，when，why等。關系代詞和關系副詞放在先行詞及定語從句之間起連接作用，同時又作定語從句的重要成分。三、定語從句的分類根據定語從句與先行詞的關系，定語從句可分為限制性定語從句及非限制性定語從句。限制性定語從句緊跟先行詞，主句與從句不用逗號分開，從句不可省去，非

2、限制性定語從句主句與從句之間有逗號分開，起補充說明作用，如省去，意思仍完整。四、關系代詞的用法 1.that既可以用于指人，也可以用于指物。在從句中作主語或賓語，作主語時不可省略，作賓語可省略。例如： Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.瑪麗喜歡輕柔的音樂。（that作主語） The coat（that）I put on the desk is blue.我放在桌子上的那件外套是藍色的。（that作賓語） 2.which用于指物，在句中作主語或賓語，作主語不可省略，作賓語可省略。例如： The building which stands near

3、 the train station is a supermarket.位于火車站附近的那座大樓是一家超市。（作主語） The film（which）we saw last night was wonderful.我們昨天晚上看的那部電影很好看。（作賓語） 3.who，whom用于指人，who用作主語，whom用作賓語。在口語中，有時可用who代替whom，也可省略。例如： The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.經常在英語方面幫助我的那個女孩是英國人。（作主語） Who is the teacher（whom）L

4、i Ming is talking to？正在與李明談話的老師是誰？（作賓語）注意：（1）當定語從句中含有介詞，介詞放在句末時，who，that，which可省略，但介詞在關系代詞前時，只能用“介詞+which/whom”結構。例如： This is the house in which we lived last year.這是我們去年居住的房子。 Please tell me from whom you borrowed the English novel.請告訴我你從誰那借的這本英文小說。（2）含有介詞的固定動詞詞組中，介詞不可前置，只能放在原來的位置上。例如： This is the

5、person whom you are looking for.這就是你要找的那個人。（3）that作介詞的賓語時，介詞不能放它的前面，只能放在從句中動詞的后面。例如： The city that she lives in is very far away.她居住的城市非常遠。（4）關系詞只能用that的情況： a.先行詞被序數詞或形容詞最高級所修飾，或本身是序數詞、基數詞、形容詞最高級時，只能用that，而不用which.例如： He was the first person that passed the exam.他是第一個通過考試的人。 b.被修飾的先行詞為all，any，much，m

6、any，everything，anything，none，the one等不定代詞時，只能用that，而不用which.例如： Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop？你在商店里有什么東西要買嗎？ c.先行詞被the only，the very，the same，the last，little，few等詞修飾時，只能用that，而不用which.例如： This is the same bike that I lost.這就是我丟的那輛自行車。 d.先行詞里同時含有人或物時，只能用that，而不用which.例如： I can re

7、member well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room.我能清楚記得我在那個房間所見到的人和一些照片。 e.以who或which引導的特殊疑問句，為避免重復，只能用that.例如： Who is the girl that is crying？正在哭泣的那個女孩是誰？ f.主句是there be結構，修飾主語的定語從句用that，而不用which.例如： There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom.桌子上那本書是湯姆的。（5）關系詞只能用which，而不用that的情況

8、： a.先行詞為that，those時，用which，而不用that.例如： Whats that which is under the desk？在桌子底下的那些東西是什么？ b.關系代詞前有介詞時，一般用which，而不用that.例如： This is the room in which he lives.這是他居住的房間。 c.引導非限制性定語從句，用which，而不用that.例如： Tom came back，which made us happy.湯姆回來了，這使我們很高興。五、關系副詞的用法（1）when指時間，其先行詞表示時間，在句中作時間狀語。例如： This was th

9、e time when he arrived.這是他到達的時間。（2）where指地點，其先行詞表示地點，在句中作地點狀語。例如： This is place where he works.這是他工作的地點。（3）why指原因，其先行詞是原因，起原因狀語作用。例如： Nobody knows the reason why he is often late for school.沒人知道他為什么上學總遲到。定語從句練習題（附參考答案及解析）1.The place _interested me most was the Childrens Palace.A. Which B. where C. w

10、hat D. in which2.Do you know the man _?A. whom I spoke B. to who spoke C. I spoke to D. that I spoke3.This is the hotel _last month.A. which they stayed B. at that they stayedC. where they stayed at D. where they stayed4.Do you know the year _the Chinese Communist Party was founded?A. which B. that

11、C. when D. on which5.That is the day _Ill never forget.A. which B. on which C. in which D. when6.The factory _well visit next week is not far from here.A. where B. to which C. which D. in which7.Great changes have taken place since then in the factory _we are working.A. where B. that C. which D. the

12、re8.This is one of the best films _.A. that have been shown this year B. that have shownC. that has been shown this year D. that you talked9.Can you lend me the book _the other day?A. about which you talked B. which you talkedC. about that you talked D. that you talked10.The pen _he is writing is mi

13、ne.A. with which B. in which C. on which D. by which11.They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of _sat a small boy.A. whom B. who C. which D. that12.The engineer _my father works is about 50 years old.A. to whom B. on whom C. with which D. with whom13.It there anyone in your class _family is in the co

14、untry?A. who B. whos C. which D. whose14.Im interested in _you have said.A. all that B. all what C. that D. which15.I want to use the same dictionary _was used yesterday.A. which B. who C. what D. as16.He isnt such a man _he used to be.A. who B. whom C. that D. as17.He is good at English, _we all kn

15、ow.A. that B. as C. whom D. what18.Li Ming, _to the concert enjoyed it very much.A. I went with B. with whom I went C. with who I went D.I went with him19.I dont like _ as you read.A. the novels B. the such novels C. such novels D. same novels20.He talked a lot about things and persons _they remembe

16、red in the school.A. which B. that C. whom D. what21.The letter is from my sister, _is working inBeijing.A. which B. that C. whom D. who22.In our factory there are 2,000 workers, two thirds of _are women.A. them B. which C. whom D. who23.Youre the only person _Ive ever met _could do it.A. who;/ B./;

17、 whom C. whom;/ D./; who24.I lost a book, _I cant remember now.A. whose title B. its title C. the title of it D. the title of that25.Last summer we visited the West Lake, _Hangzhou is famous in the world.A. for which B. for that C. in which D. what26.I have bought such a watch _ was advertised on TV

18、.A. that B. which C. as D. it27.I can never forget the day _ we worked together and the day _ we spent together.A. when; which B. which; when C. what; that D. on which; when28.The way _he looks at problems is wrong.A. which B. whose C. what D./29.This is the reason _he didnt come to the meeting.A. i

19、n which B. with which C. that D. for which30.This machine, _for many years, is still working perfectly.A. after which I have looked B. which I have looked afterC. that I have looked after D. I have looked after31.The reason _he didnt come was _he was ill.A. why; that B.that;why C. for that;that D.fo

20、r which;what32.He is working hard, _will make him pass the final exam.A.that B.which C.for which D.who33.That is not the way _I do it.A./ B.which C.for which D.with which34.I have two grammars, _are of great use.A. all of which B. either of which C. both of that D. both of which35.I want to use the

21、same tools _used in your factory a few days ago.A. as was B. which was C. as were D. which36.My neigh bours used to give me a hand in time of trouble, _ was very kind of them.A. who B. which C. that D. it37.This is the magazine _ I copied the paragraph.A. that B. which C. from that D. from which38.H

22、e is not such a man _ would leave his work half done.A. that B. which C. who D. as39. You can depend on whatever promise _ he makes.A. / B. why C. when D. whose40. Smoking, _ is a bad habit, is, however, popular.A. that B. which C. it D. though41. - Did you ask the guard _ happened?- Yes, he told me

23、 all _ he knew.A. what; that B. what; what C. which; which D. that; that42. I shall never forget those years _ I lived on the farm withthe farmers, _ has a great effect on my life.A. when; who B. that; which C. which; that D. when; which43. The number of the people who _ cars _ increasing.A. owns; a

24、re B. owns; is C. own; is D. own; are44. During the days _, he worked as a servant at the Browns.A. followed B. following C. to follow D. that followed45. Is oxygen the only gas _ helps fire burn?A. that B. / C. which D. it46. The clever boy made a hole in the wall, _ he could see _ was going on ins

25、ide house.A. which; what B. through which; what C. through that; what D. what; that47. Is _ some German friends visited last week?A. this school B. this the school C. this school one D. this school where48. John got beaten in the game, _ had been expected.A. as B. that C. what D. who49. I have bough

26、t two ballpens, _ writes well.A. none of them B. neither of them C. neither of which D. none of which50. All that can be eaten _ eaten up.A. are being B. has been C. had been D. have been參考答案及解析1. A. which用作關系代詞，在定語從句中作主語。2C. 和誰講話”要說speak to sb.本題全句應為Do you know the man whom I spoke to.。whom是關系代詞，作介

27、詞to的賓語，可以省略。3. D. where是關系副詞，表示地點，在定語從句中作地點狀語。4. C. when是關系副詞，表示時間，在定語從句中作時間狀語。5A. which是關系代詞，在從句中作forget的賓語。其他幾個答案都不能作賓語。6C.解析同第5題。7. A.解析見第3題。8. A.本句話的先行詞應該是films,因此，關系代詞that是負數概念，其謂語動詞應用復述的被動語態have been shown。如果句中的one前面使用了定冠詞the，則the one應該視為先行詞。9. A. “談到某事物”應說talk about sth.。about是介詞，其后要用which作賓語

28、，不能用that。10. A. with which是介詞+關系代詞結構,常用來引導定語從句.with有用的意思,介詞之后只能用which,不能用that. with which在定語從句中作狀語,即he is writing with a pen.11. C. in front of which即in front of a farmhouse. In front of which在從句中作狀語.12. D. with whom引導定語從句.with whom放在從句中即為:my father works with the engineer.13. D. whose引導定語從句,在從句中作主語

29、family的定語.14. A. that引導定語從句,因為先行詞是all,所以只能選用that引導.15. D. the same.as是固定用法, as引導定語從句時,可以作主語,賓語或表語.在本句話中,as作從句的主語.16. D. such as是固定用法,as引導定語從句時,可以作主語,賓語或表語.在本題中,as作表語.17. B. as作關系代詞可以單獨用來引導非限制性定語從句。這時as所指代的不是主句中某個名詞，而往往指代整個主句的含義。as在從句中可以作主語、賓語。從句可放在主句后，也可置于主句前。在本句中,as作賓語.18. B. Li Ming enjoyed it ver

30、y much是主句,with whom I went to the concert是定語從句.with whom放在從句中為:I went to the concert with Li Ming.19. C. as引導定語從句時通常構成suchas或the sameas固定搭配，其中such和same修飾其后的名詞，as為關系代詞，指代其前的名詞引導定語從句。as在從句中可以作主語、表語或賓語。Such修飾單數名詞時,要用such a.,本題中such books, such直接修飾復數名詞.20. B. things和persons是先行詞.當定語從句要修飾的先行詞是既表示人,又表示物的名詞

31、時,其關系代詞要用that.21. D. who引導非限制性定語從句,who作從句的主語.22. C. two thirds of whom即:two thirds of the 2,000 workers.23. D.先行詞person后有兩個定語從句,第一個從句省略了關系代詞whom.因為, whom作從句中met的賓語,可以省略.第二個從句who could do it.who在從句中作主語,不可省略.24. A. whose title引導非限制性定語從句,whose title也可以說成the title of which25. A. for which引導定語從句,使用介詞for,

32、是來自于從句中的固定短語be famous for 以.而聞名.26. C.當先行詞被such修飾時,引導定語從句的關系代詞要用as. As在本從句中作主語.27. A.兩個先行詞the day都是表示時間的名詞,但第一個空白處要填的關系詞在從句中作狀語,因此要用關系副詞when.第二個空白處要填的關系詞在從句中作動詞spent的賓語,因此要用關系代詞which或that來引導定語從句.28. D.在way、distance、direction等詞后的定語從句中，常用that來代替“in (或其他介詞)+which”、when或where，而that常可省略。29. D. for which在定語從句中作原因狀語,可用why來替代.30. B. which I have looked after構成一個非限制性定語從句.31. A. The reason why was that.已成為一種固定句型，這一句中的why和that不能隨意換位，也不能將that改成because，盡管that這個詞在譯文中可能有“因為”的含義。32.