1、圣泉中學(xué)在線課堂圣泉中學(xué)在線課堂-初中英語(yǔ)初中英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)Lecturer: zhangliLecturer: zhangli導(dǎo)言導(dǎo)言 動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)是安徽中考單項(xiàng)填空的必考點(diǎn)，每年涉及動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)是安徽中考單項(xiàng)填空的必考點(diǎn)，每年涉及1212道，共考查道，共考查1212次。六大時(shí)態(tài)均有涉及，其中一般次。六大時(shí)態(tài)均有涉及，其中一般過(guò)去時(shí)過(guò)去時(shí)考查考查3 3次、次、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)考查考查3 3次、一般次、一般將來(lái)時(shí)考將來(lái)時(shí)考查查2 2次、現(xiàn)在次、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)完成時(shí)考查考查2 2次、次、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)考查考查1 1次、次、過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)考查考查1 1次。語(yǔ)境設(shè)置一般會(huì)有時(shí)間提示詞，

2、次。語(yǔ)境設(shè)置一般會(huì)有時(shí)間提示詞，但也會(huì)少量設(shè)置根據(jù)語(yǔ)境理解判斷時(shí)態(tài)的試題。但也會(huì)少量設(shè)置根據(jù)語(yǔ)境理解判斷時(shí)態(tài)的試題。判斷下面句子的時(shí)態(tài)判斷下面句子的時(shí)態(tài)1. My mother always cooks delicious food for me.2. Mrs Zhang is having an English class for the students online.3. I met my best friend in Yonghui Supermarketyesterday.4. It is going to rain next week.5. Over 300 students ha

3、ve already joined in our online class.如何確定句子時(shí)態(tài)？如何確定句子時(shí)態(tài)？上面上面6 6個(gè)句子所涉及的時(shí)態(tài)分別是：個(gè)句子所涉及的時(shí)態(tài)分別是：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)，一般將來(lái)時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)和和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。確定時(shí)態(tài)的依據(jù)：確定時(shí)態(tài)的依據(jù)：1. 1. 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)2. 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式 六大基本時(shí)態(tài)六大基本時(shí)態(tài)判斷下面句子的時(shí)態(tài)判斷下面句子的時(shí)態(tài)1. Mary seldom go outside in such hot weather.2. They went on a trip to Guiz

4、hou last week.3. The housing price in He fei will keep rising.4. Mr Wang has worked here for 10 years.5. The students were listening to class carefully at this time yesterday.6. The workers are repairing the building in the sun. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)1.1.構(gòu)成：構(gòu)成：動(dòng)詞原形或第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)動(dòng)詞原形或第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)形式（當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)時(shí)）。形式（當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)

5、時(shí)）。2.2.用法：用法：（1 1）表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。）表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。I usually get up at six in the morning. (2) 表示客觀和真理表示客觀和真理The earth goes around the sun.(3) 在時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，如果主句在時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，如果主句用一般將來(lái)時(shí)，從句就用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)（主將從現(xiàn)）用一般將來(lái)時(shí)，從句就用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)（主將從現(xiàn)）I will be happy if you _(listen) to English class carefully.3.3.時(shí)間標(biāo)

6、志詞時(shí)間標(biāo)志詞（1 1）表示頻率的副詞或短語(yǔ)：）表示頻率的副詞或短語(yǔ)：always, sometimes.usually, often, hardly, never, seldom, once a week, twice a month, three times a year等。等。（2）表示現(xiàn)在時(shí)間的副詞或短語(yǔ)：）表示現(xiàn)在時(shí)間的副詞或短語(yǔ)：now, today, on Mondays, in the morning, every day等。等。4. 基本句式結(jié)構(gòu)基本句式結(jié)構(gòu)Tom is a student. (肯定肯定)Tom isnt a student. (否定否定)Is Tom a s

7、tudent? (一般疑問(wèn)一般疑問(wèn))Mary likes playing the piano. (肯定肯定)Mary doesnt like playing the piano. (否定否定)Does Mary like playing the piano? (一般疑問(wèn)一般疑問(wèn))實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練1. John _(clean) his bedroom once a week. 2. My father always_(work) late into the night. 3. I _(do) my homework for three hours every day. 實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練4. -

8、What do you often do at weekends? -I often_ my grandparents. A. visit B. visited C. have visited D. will visit5. Kevin will give less homework to his studentsif he_ a teacher.A. becomes B. become C. become D. becoming實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練6. There are some flowers in the garden.(改為否改為否定句和一般疑問(wèn)句定句和一般疑問(wèn)句)否定：否定：_.疑問(wèn)：

9、疑問(wèn)：_.7. Fred plans to work in a charity hospital.(同上同上)否定：否定：_.疑問(wèn)：疑問(wèn)：_.一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)1.1.謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式：謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式：was/were; was/were; 實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式（規(guī)則動(dòng)詞（規(guī)則動(dòng)詞+ed; +ed; 不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞要背誦）不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞要背誦）2.2.用法：用法：表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間或某一段時(shí)間內(nèi)發(fā)生的表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間或某一段時(shí)間內(nèi)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。He invited his friends to his birthday party last Sunday.3. 時(shí)

10、間狀語(yǔ)：時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：yesterday, last week, three days ago, in1990, just now, at the age of.等等4. 基本句式結(jié)構(gòu)基本句式結(jié)構(gòu)1. I was at home yesterday. 否：否： 疑：疑：2. He worked in a car factory five years ago. 否：否： 疑：疑：1. I was at home yesterday. 否：否： I wasnt at home yesterday. 疑：疑：Were you at home yesterday?2. He worked in a car

11、 factory five years ago. 否否: He didnt work in a car factory five years ago. 疑疑: Did he work in a car factory five years ago?中考再現(xiàn)中考再現(xiàn)1.You_(promise) me to go shopping with meyesterday, so you cant break it. 2. -When did you come?-I _(come) here two days ago.3. Mary_ the door and put down her school t

12、hings. A. opens B. opened C. has opened D. is opening4. The teacher is already standing here. Do you knwo whenshe_.A. comes B. came C. is coming D. was coming中考再現(xiàn)中考再現(xiàn)1.You promised me to go shopping with meyesterday, so you cant break it. 2. -When did you come?-I came here two days ago.3. Mary B the

13、 door and put down her school things. A. opens B. opened C. has opened D. is opening4. The teacher is already standing here. Do you knwo whenshe BA. comes B. came C. is coming D. was coming短文填空短文填空 Last summer vocation, my family_(have) a trip to Inner Mongolia. We_(take) the plane there. My son_(be

14、) very excited because it wasthe first time for him to take a plane. We_(do)a lot of interesting activities there. On the first, we _(enjoy)the blue sky and the green grass. Then we_(visit) the science museum. After that, we _(eat) the traditional food of Inner Mongolia-roast mutton.The next day, we

15、_(ride) horses and _(play)with the sand at the Ringing Sand. We_(spend) the night in a Mongolian yurt. We had a wonderful time there.短文填空短文填空 Last summer vocation, my family had (have) a trip to Inner Mongolia. We took (take) the plane there. My son was (be) very excited because it wasthe first time

16、 for him to take a plane. We did (do)a lot of interesting activities there. On the first, we enjoyed (enjoy)the blue sky and the green grass. Then we visited (visit) the science museum. After that, we ate (eat) the traditional food of Inner Mongolia-roast mutton.The next day, we rode (ride) horses a

17、nd played (play)with the sand at the Ringing Sand. We spent(spend) the night in a Mongolian yurt. We had a wonderful time there.一般將來(lái)時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)1.謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式：謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式：will（shall用于第一人稱(chēng)）用于第一人稱(chēng)）+動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形; be going to+動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形2.用法用法: (1)表示表示將要將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，一般用發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，一般用will+動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形.(2)表示計(jì)劃，打算做某事，或有某種跡象表明要發(fā)生的

18、表示計(jì)劃，打算做某事，或有某種跡象表明要發(fā)生的事，一般用事，一般用be going to.I am going to work hard next term.Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm.(3) 表示位移的動(dòng)詞如：表示位移的動(dòng)詞如：go, come, leave, start, arrive,等等用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示即將發(fā)生的事。用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示即將發(fā)生的事。 Sam is leaving for Shanghai tomorrow.(4) 在以在以if, as soon as, unless等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中，等引

19、導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中，主句用一般將來(lái)時(shí)，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)（主句用一般將來(lái)時(shí)，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)（主將從現(xiàn)主將從現(xiàn)）I will go jogging in the park if it doesnt rain tomorrow.3. 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：tomorrow, next month, soon, in 10 minutes, in 2050等等 What will you be like in 20 years?4. 基本結(jié)構(gòu)基本結(jié)構(gòu)1. He is going to play tennis with Kate this afternoon.否定：否定：_.疑問(wèn)：疑問(wèn)：_.2. Pre

20、sident Obama will visit China next Monday.否定：否定：_.疑問(wèn)：疑問(wèn)：_.實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練：實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練：將下列句子變?yōu)榉穸ň浜鸵话阋蓡?wèn)句將下列句子變?yōu)榉穸ň浜鸵话阋蓡?wèn)句1. He is going to play tennis with Kate this afternoon. 否否:He isnt going to play tennis with Kate this afternoon 疑疑:Is he going to play tennis with Kate this .2. President Obama will visit China next

21、Monday.否否:President Obama wont visit China next Monday疑疑:Will President Obama visit China next Monday實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練：實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練：將下列句子變?yōu)榉穸ň浜鸵话阋蓡?wèn)句將下列句子變?yōu)榉穸ň浜鸵话阋蓡?wèn)句5. 特別拓展：特別拓展：There be 句型的一般將來(lái)時(shí)句型的一般將來(lái)時(shí)There will be.There is going to be.There_ a football match in our school next week.A. is going to have B. will have C.

22、is going D. will be實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練：實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練： I think, in the future, our life_(be) different from now. People _(not do) any hard jobs, because robots can help us. I_(have) at least two robots. One will help me do some cooking. The other one_(do) all the housework. Then I_(have) enough time to enjoy myself. Student

23、s_(not study) at school but at home. They _(have) lessons at 10:00 in the morning. There_(not be) money, because everything _(be) free. I _(travel) all over the world and _(fly) to the moon by rocket. We never know what will happen in the future, but I strongly believe it_(become) better and better.

24、 實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練：實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練： I think, in the future, our life will be (be) different from now. People wont do (not do) any hard jobs, because robots can help us. I will have (have) at least two robots. One will help me do some cooking. The other one will do (do) all the housework. Then I will have (have) enough time

25、 to enjoy myself. Students wont study (not study) at school but at home. They will have (have) lessons at 10:00 in the morning. There wont be (not be) money, because everything will be (be) free. I will travel (travel) all over the world and fly (fly) to the moon by rocket. We never know what will h

26、appen in the future, but I strongly believe it will become (become) better and better. 進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)1. 1. 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的構(gòu)成形式：謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的構(gòu)成形式：現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：am/is/are + doing(動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞在分詞)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)：過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)：was/were+doing2. 用法：用法：（1） 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：a. 表示現(xiàn)在（即說(shuō)話瞬間）表示現(xiàn)在（即說(shuō)話瞬間）正在進(jìn)行正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。 Jack is watching TV now.b. 表示表示當(dāng)前一段

27、時(shí)間當(dāng)前一段時(shí)間內(nèi)或內(nèi)或現(xiàn)階段現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或持正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或持續(xù)的狀態(tài)。續(xù)的狀態(tài)。Were studying hard this summer vocation.c. 有些動(dòng)詞如表示感覺(jué)的有些動(dòng)詞如表示感覺(jué)的感官動(dòng)詞感官動(dòng)詞（如（如: see, hear, notice.）和表示）和表示態(tài)度、情感、心理狀態(tài)態(tài)度、情感、心理狀態(tài)的詞（如：的詞（如：like, want, hope, know, agree, believe.）無(wú)進(jìn)行時(shí)。無(wú)進(jìn)行時(shí)。（2）過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)：）過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)：a. 表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻或某一時(shí)間段表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻或某一時(shí)間段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。 What we

28、re you doing at eight oclock last night?b. 在含有在含有when或或while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句中。引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句中。 What were you doing when the teacher came in?3. 3. 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：（1）現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：now, at present, these days 或暗示詞或暗示詞：look,listen, can you hear.eg:Look! The twins are helping their mother doing housework.(

29、2) 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：at this time yesterday, at that time, at 7 oclock;以以when和和while 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。eg:-What were you doing at 7 yesterday evening?- I was preparing the class.4. 基本結(jié)構(gòu)：基本結(jié)構(gòu)：實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練：實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練：將下列句子變?yōu)榉穸ň浜鸵话阋蓡?wèn)句將下列句子變?yōu)榉穸ň浜鸵话阋蓡?wèn)句1. We are having an English class now. 否定：否定：_.疑問(wèn)：疑問(wèn)：_.2. They

30、 were cleaning the classroom at this time yesterday.否定：否定：_.疑問(wèn)：疑問(wèn)：_.中考在線：中考在線：1. Look! The passenger in front of you _(play) his computer.2. Be quiet, please. The baby _(sleep) now.3. She _(chat) with her friends online at five yesterday afternoon.4. I _(watch) TV when my aunt reached my home.5. -He

31、llo! Is that Emily speaking? - Sorry, this is Jack, Emilys son. My mother_ in the kitchen.A. cooks B. cooked C. is cooking D. has cooked 6. -I called you this morning, but nobody answered it. -Oh, we_ some running in the park.A. are doing B. were doing C. have done D. did7. While the girl_, the alie

32、n got out.A. is shopping B. was shopping C. shopped D. went shopping中考在線：中考在線：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)1. 1. 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的構(gòu)成形式：謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的構(gòu)成形式：have/has + done(動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞)2. 用法：用法：（1） 表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的事或已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作對(duì)表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的事或已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。-Have you had your lunch yet?-Yes, I have. Ive just had it.(現(xiàn)在不餓了現(xiàn)在不餓了)（2）表示在過(guò)去某一時(shí)間開(kāi)始的

33、動(dòng)作一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，）表示在過(guò)去某一時(shí)間開(kāi)始的動(dòng)作一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，并且有可能繼續(xù)持續(xù)下去，常和表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連并且有可能繼續(xù)持續(xù)下去，常和表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用（用（since, for），）， I have been at this school for over ten years. How long have you studied in this school?注意：常見(jiàn)的短暫性動(dòng)詞在與注意：常見(jiàn)的短暫性動(dòng)詞在與for/since等表示段時(shí)間連等表示段時(shí)間連用時(shí)，要轉(zhuǎn)化為相應(yīng)的延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞用時(shí)，要轉(zhuǎn)化為相應(yīng)的延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞 He has become a CEO for 5 years.

34、 He has been a CEO for 5 years. 常用的非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞與延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的轉(zhuǎn)化常用的非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞與延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的轉(zhuǎn)化borrowkeep buyhave beginbe on diebe dead come/arrivebe in/hereleavebe away closebe closedopenbe open joinbe in/ be a member offall asleepbe asleep marrybe married1.The film_(begin) ten minutes ago.The film_(begin) for ten minutes.2.

35、The famous writer _(die) in 2015.The famous writer_(die) for one year.3. 3. 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：already, just, yet, before, so far, in the past/last ten years, for three days, since 1998, since+一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)4. 基本結(jié)構(gòu)：基本結(jié)構(gòu)： 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)要注意的兩點(diǎn)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)要注意的兩點(diǎn)1. have been to, have gone to, have been in的區(qū)別的區(qū)別have been to 去過(guò)某地（說(shuō)話時(shí)

36、已回來(lái)），后可接次去過(guò)某地（說(shuō)話時(shí)已回來(lái)），后可接次數(shù)數(shù)once, twice等；等；have gone to 去了某地（說(shuō)話時(shí)還沒(méi)回來(lái)）去了某地（說(shuō)話時(shí)還沒(méi)回來(lái)）have been in 在某地呆多久，常與時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用在某地呆多久，常與時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用 用用have been to, have gone to, have been in填空填空(1) My father has_ Beijing twice.(2) Mr Wang isnt here. He has_ Qingdao.(3) I have _ Hefei for ten years.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)要注意的兩點(diǎn)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)要注意的兩點(diǎn)2

37、. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的區(qū)別現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的區(qū)別(1) He _(live) here in 1992.(2) He _(live) here since 1992.區(qū)別區(qū)別1：過(guò)去時(shí)需有過(guò)去時(shí)需有明確的明確的過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，而完成時(shí)則沒(méi)有。過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，而完成時(shí)則沒(méi)有。(3) I lost my pen yesterday. (我昨天把鋼筆丟了，只表示我昨天把鋼筆丟了，只表示“丟丟”這件事，這件事，與現(xiàn)在無(wú)關(guān)與現(xiàn)在無(wú)關(guān))(4) I have lost my pen. (我把鋼筆丟了，表示過(guò)去丟的，強(qiáng)調(diào)我把鋼筆丟了，表示過(guò)去丟的，強(qiáng)調(diào)現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在還沒(méi)找到或還沒(méi)找到或現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在我沒(méi)鋼筆用了我沒(méi)鋼筆用了)區(qū)別區(qū)別2：過(guò)去時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間，而完成時(shí)則強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去發(fā)過(guò)去時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間，而完成時(shí)則強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在造成的影響或后果造成的影響或后果現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)要注意的兩點(diǎn)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)要注意的兩點(diǎn)2. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的區(qū)別現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的區(qū)別(5) We _(learn) English two years ago. (6) We have _(learn) English f