1、Unit 5 The power of nature 考綱知識預覽考綱知識預覽熟記單詞1. (n.)火山火山2. (vi.) (指火山指火山)爆發，突然發生爆發，突然發生3. (n.) 颶風，風暴颶風，風暴4. (vt.) 任命，委派任命，委派5. (vt.) 評估，評價，估計評估，評價，估計6. (adj.) 不幸的不幸的7. (adj.) 絕對的，完全的絕對的，完全的volcano erupthurricaneappointevaluateunfortunate absolute 考綱知識預覽考綱知識預覽8. (adj.) 奇異的，難以置信的奇異的，難以置信的9. (adj.& n

2、) 潛在的，可能潛在的，可能的；潛在性，可能性的；潛在性，可能性10. (v.) 給給深刻的印象深刻的印象11. (adj.) 珍貴的，貴重的珍貴的，貴重的12. (vt.& n) 適合，使適宜；套適合，使適宜；套裝，一套外衣裝，一套外衣fantastic potential impress precious suit 考綱知識預覽考綱知識預覽13. (n.) 努力努力14. (v.) 減輕減輕(痛苦等痛苦等)15. (vi.) 顫抖，搖晃，搖動顫抖，搖晃，搖動16. (n.) 焦慮，擔心，渴望焦慮，擔心，渴望17. (n.&v.) 驚慌驚慌18. (n.) 勇氣，膽量勇氣，膽

3、量19. (adj.) 多種多樣的，不同的多種多樣的，不同的effort relievetrembleanxiety panic courage diverse 考綱知識預覽考綱知識預覽20. (adj.) 唯一的唯一的21. (v.) 咽，吞咽，吞22. (vt.) 保證，擔保保證，擔保uniqueswallowguarantee 考綱知識預覽考綱知識預覽翻譯詞組1火山噴發火山噴發2自然的力量自然的力量 3科學儀器科學儀器4當地的人當地的人5收集信息收集信息6與與比較比較7燒毀燒毀the eruption of a volcanothe natural powerscientific equ

4、ipmentthe local peoplecollect informationcompare.with.burn to the ground考綱知識預覽考綱知識預覽8熟睡熟睡9注意注意10努力努力11前往前往12熱愛熱愛13對對感到驚異感到驚異14.茂密的森林茂密的森林15自然保護區自然保護區16全世界全世界fast asleeptake notice ofmake an effortmake ones way(to.)be enthusiastic aboutbe amazed atthick forestnature reserveall over the world考綱知識預覽考綱知

5、識預覽背誦句型I was about to go back to sleep when suddenly my bedroom became as bright as day.我剛要再睡，突然我的臥室亮如白晝。我剛要再睡，突然我的臥室亮如白晝。例句仿寫例句仿寫I was about to leave when she came.我正要走時，突然她來了。我正要走時，突然她來了。巧學活用巧學活用點擊進入點擊進入名師一線講壇名師一線講壇1. appoint vt.任命；委派任命；委派(1)appoint sb.as/to be.任命某人為任命某人為appoint sb.to do sth.委派某人做

6、某事委派某人做某事appoint sth.(for sth.)(為某事為某事)確定確定(日期、日期、場所等場所等)(2)appointment n任命；約會任命；約會make an appointment with sb.與某人約會與某人約會keep/break an appointment守守/違約違約名師一線講壇名師一線講壇1完成句子完成句子(1)_ shall we _(選派誰擔任主選派誰擔任主席席)?(2)We must _(指定指定一個人當秘書一個人當秘書)(3)_(規定的開會的時間規定的開會的時間)was 10 30.名師一線講壇名師一線講壇(4)I _ (和老朋友約會和老朋友約會

7、)this Sunday.答案答案：(1)Who；appoint as chairperson(2)appoint someone to act as secretary(3)The time appointed for the meeting(4)have an appointment with my old friend名師一線講壇名師一線講壇2. suit n一套外衣；套裝一套外衣；套裝vt.適合；適合；使適宜使適宜(1)suit sth.to sth.使某物適合于另一事物使某物適合于另一事物(2)be suited for/to.適合適合(3)be suitable for sb./s

8、th.適合于某人適合于某人/某物某物be suitable to do sth.適合做某事適合做某事名師一線講壇名師一線講壇suit，match，fit(1)suit多指合乎需要、口味、性多指合乎需要、口味、性格、條件、地位、場合等。格、條件、地位、場合等。(2)match多指色調、形狀、性質多指色調、形狀、性質等方面的搭配。等方面的搭配。(3)fit多指大小、形狀的合適。多指大小、形狀的合適。比較網站比較網站名師一線講壇名師一線講壇2完成句子完成句子(1)Does the climate _(適合你適合你)?(2)He and his wife _(十分般配十分般配)名師一線講壇名師一線講壇

9、(3)The house _(不大適合大家庭居住不大適合大家庭居住)答案答案：(1)suit you(2)are well suited to each other(3)is not really suitable for a large family名師一線講壇名師一線講壇3用用suit/fit/match填空填空(1)If you want to go by bus，that _ me fine.(2)I try the dress on but it doesnt _.It is too small.(3)The Peoples Great Hall and the Historical

10、 Museum _ the Tiananmen beautifully.答案答案：(1)suits(2)fit(3)match名師一線講壇名師一線講壇3. anxious adj.憂慮的；不安的憂慮的；不安的(1)be anxious about/for sb./sth.對某人對某人/某事感到憂慮某事感到憂慮be anxious to do sth.渴望做某事渴望做某事be anxious(for sb.)to do sth.渴望渴望(某人某人)做某事做某事(2)anxiety n憂慮；擔心；渴望憂慮；擔心；渴望with anxiety焦慮地焦慮地anxiously adv.焦慮地；不安地焦慮

11、地；不安地名師一線講壇名師一線講壇4完成句子完成句子(1)_(我非常我非常擔心擔心)my sons health.(2)She _(渴望他們全部都離開她的房間渴望他們全部都離開她的房間)名師一線講壇名師一線講壇(3)We waited for news _(越來越焦急越來越焦急)答案答案：(1)Im very anxious about(2)was anxious for them all to leave her room(3)with a growing sense of anxiety名師一線講壇名師一線講壇4. panic vi.& vt.(panicked，panicked)

12、(使人或動物使人或動物)受驚受驚 n驚慌；恐慌驚慌；恐慌panic over/about/at因因而恐慌而恐慌panic o doing sth.使某人驚慌地做使某人驚慌地做get into a panicbe thrown into a panic使陷入驚慌狀態使陷入驚慌狀態be seized with a panic驚慌失措驚慌失措in panic驚慌失措地驚慌失措地名師一線講壇名師一線講壇5.完成句子完成句子(1)The crowd _(對對感到驚慌感到驚慌)the sound of the guns.(2)She _(十分驚十分驚慌慌)when she thought sh

13、ed lost the tickets.名師一線講壇名師一線講壇(3)Shoppers fled the street _(驚慌失措地驚慌失措地)after two bombs exploded in central London.答案答案：(1)panicked at(2)got into a real panic(3)in panic名師一線講壇名師一線講壇5. absolute adj.確鑿的，絕對的確鑿的，絕對的(1)an absolute fact 確鑿的事實確鑿的事實absolute independence完全獨立完全獨立(2)absolutely 可用于回答問題或用作評可用于回

14、答問題或用作評語，意為語，意為“正是，當然正是，當然”相當于相當于of course，另外另外by all means，rather也有類似的用法。也有類似的用法。(3)表示表示“完全，徹底的完全，徹底的”的詞還有的詞還有complete，entire，thorough，pure，full，perfect等。等。名師一線講壇名師一線講壇6完成句子完成句子(1)I have _(絕對絕對相信相信)in my English teacher.(2)It was _(絕對漂亮的景絕對漂亮的景象象)that you would never forget.名師一線講壇名師一線講壇(3)Do you ag

15、ree?Oh，_(當然同意當然同意)!答案答案：(1)absolute trust(2)an absolutely beautiful scene(3)absolutely名師一線講壇名師一線講壇6. burn to the ground全部焚毀全部焚毀burn.to death燒死燒死burn up燒起來，旺起來；燒掉；燒毀燒起來，旺起來；燒掉；燒毀burn down把把燒毀，燒成平地；漸燒毀，燒成平地；漸漸燒完，火力減弱漸燒完，火力減弱burn off燒掉某物，消耗掉燒掉某物，消耗掉burn out燒光，燒完燒光，燒完burn oneself out精力耗盡精力耗盡名師一線講壇名師一線講壇

16、7完成句子完成句子(1)The building _(被徹底焚毀被徹底焚毀了了)last night.(2)The room grew colder _(隨著爐火逐隨著爐火逐漸減弱漸減弱)名師一線講壇名師一線講壇(3)If he doesnt stop working so hard，_(他就會累垮的他就會累垮的)(4)In the accident，two of the workers _(被燒死被燒死)名師一線講壇名師一線講壇(5)The building was _(焚毀焚毀)and only ashes were left.答案答案：(1)was burnt to the ground

17、(2)as the fire burnt down(3)hell burn himself out(4)were burnt to death(5)burnt down名師一線講壇名師一線講壇7. make ones way前往前往feel ones way摸索著前進摸索著前進fight/push ones way推擠著前行推擠著前行lose ones way迷路迷路force ones way out擠出去；沖出去擠出去；沖出去push ones way in擠進去擠進去名師一線講壇名師一線講壇8完成句子完成句子(1)Look！Many children _(正往海灘走去正往海灘走去)(2)

18、Without experience in it，we _(只能摸索著前進只能摸索著前進)(3)We _(推擠著穿過森林推擠著穿過森林)名師一線講壇名師一線講壇(4)The child _(在在城里迷路了城里迷路了)and cried loudly in the street.答案答案：(1)are making their way to the beach(2)have to feel our way(3)fought our way through the forest(4)lost his way in the city名師一線講壇名師一線講壇8. Having collected an

19、d evaluated the information，I help other scientists to predict where lava from the volcano will flow next and how fast.收集和評估這些信息之后，我就幫助其收集和評估這些信息之后，我就幫助其他科學家一起預測熔巖接著將往何處流，流他科學家一起預測熔巖接著將往何處流，流速是多少。速是多少。名師一線講壇名師一線講壇Having collected and evaluated.是現在是現在分詞的完成式在句中作狀語，表明從句動作分詞的完成式在句中作狀語，表明從句動作發生在主句動作之前。發生

20、在主句動作之前。(1)作狀語的分詞所表示的動作是句子作狀語的分詞所表示的動作是句子謂語動詞的一部分，可以表示時間、原因、謂語動詞的一部分，可以表示時間、原因、方式、伴隨或結果等，通常用逗號與句子隔方式、伴隨或結果等，通常用逗號與句子隔開。其邏輯主語通常要與句子的主語保持一開。其邏輯主語通常要與句子的主語保持一致，即句子的主語就是動詞致，即句子的主語就是動詞ing的動作執行的動作執行者，邏輯主語與句子主語之間存在著主動關者，邏輯主語與句子主語之間存在著主動關系是決定用現在分詞的一個重要尺度。系是決定用現在分詞的一個重要尺度。名師一線講壇名師一線講壇(2)過去分詞作狀語同現在分詞作狀語過去分詞作狀

21、語同現在分詞作狀語時一樣，其邏輯上的主語就是主句的主語，時一樣，其邏輯上的主語就是主句的主語，但不同的是，過去分詞與主語之間存在被動但不同的是，過去分詞與主語之間存在被動關系，但有時無被動意味，只是表示一種狀關系，但有時無被動意味，只是表示一種狀態或動作的完成，而現在分詞與主語之間存態或動作的完成，而現在分詞與主語之間存在著主動關系。在著主動關系。名師一線講壇名師一線講壇Admitting what she said，I still think she hasnt tried her best.盡管承認她所說的話，但我仍然認為她盡管承認她所說的話，但我仍然認為她沒有盡她最大的努力。沒有盡她最大

22、的努力。Having answered the teachers questions，she sat down and felt much more relaxed.回答老師的問題后，她坐下來，感到輕回答老師的問題后，她坐下來，感到輕松多了。松多了。名師一線講壇名師一線講壇Not having received a reply，he decided to write again.沒收到回信，他決定再寫一封。沒收到回信，他決定再寫一封。United，we stand；divided，we fall.團結一致，我們就會成功；各自為政，團結一致，我們就會成功；各自為政，我們就會失敗。我們就會失敗。名

23、師一線講壇名師一線講壇9完成句子完成句子(1)_(由于不由于不知道他的地址知道他的地址)，I cant write to him.(2)_(從窗戶從窗戶望出去望出去)，I saw students playing there.(3)The young man，_(make)several attempts to beat the world record in high jumping，decided to have another try.名師一線講壇名師一線講壇(4)About 30 men lifted a school bus to save a pregnant woman _(st

24、rike)by the bus，_(make)it possible for the baby to be born before the woman died of her injury on August 15,2008.答案答案：(1)Not knowing his address(2)Looking out of the window(3)having made(4)struck；making名師一線講壇名師一線講壇9. The other two climbed down into the crater to collect some lava for later study，but

25、 this being my first experience，I stayed at the top and watched them.另外兩人攀下火山口去收集供日后研究另外兩人攀下火山口去收集供日后研究用的巖漿，我是第一次經歷這樣的事，所以用的巖漿，我是第一次經歷這樣的事，所以留在山頂上觀察他們。留在山頂上觀察他們。名師一線講壇名師一線講壇此處此處this being.在句中充當狀語，是獨在句中充當狀語，是獨立主格結構。立主格結構。(1)獨立主格結構在句法上獨立于句子獨立主格結構在句法上獨立于句子主體之外，跟主句沒有任何句法聯系，但在主體之外，跟主句沒有任何句法聯系，但在意義上卻與主句緊密

26、聯系在一起，共同構成意義上卻與主句緊密聯系在一起，共同構成一個完整的語義環境；獨立主格結構沒有主一個完整的語義環境；獨立主格結構沒有主語和謂語，只有邏輯上的主語；獨立主格結語和謂語，只有邏輯上的主語；獨立主格結構可置于句首、句尾，用逗號與主句隔開。構可置于句首、句尾，用逗號與主句隔開。名師一線講壇名師一線講壇(2)獨立主格結構可分為兩部分：一部獨立主格結構可分為兩部分：一部分是名詞或代詞分是名詞或代詞(主格主格)，起著邏輯主語的作，起著邏輯主語的作用；另一部分由形容詞、副詞、名詞、分用；另一部分由形容詞、副詞、名詞、分詞、不定式、介詞短語等構成，表示前面名詞、不定式、介詞短語等構成，表示前面名

27、詞或代詞的狀態、狀況或動作。詞或代詞的狀態、狀況或動作。名師一線講壇名師一線講壇10完成句子完成句子(1)_(向導領向導領著路著路)，we had no trouble getting out of the forest.(2)_(如果天如果天氣允許的話氣允許的話)，we will go on an outing to the beach tomorrow.(3)He left the office，_(眼里含著淚水眼里含著淚水)名師一線講壇名師一線講壇(4)_(信號發出了信號發出了)，the train started.答案答案：(1)The guide leading the way(2)

28、Weather permitting(3)tears in eyes(4)The signal given專題突破錦囊專題突破錦囊 細節理解細節理解(5)(5)準確性準確性近年高考更多傾向于將題目信息與原文近年高考更多傾向于將題目信息與原文細節信息進行語義轉換，考生未注意到轉換細節信息進行語義轉換，考生未注意到轉換的準確性，常將細節的范圍、程度、語義色的準確性，常將細節的范圍、程度、語義色彩等改變，從而導致錯誤。所以，考生越細彩等改變，從而導致錯誤。所以，考生越細心越好。心越好。突破語法填空突破語法填空專題突破錦囊專題突破錦囊The wellmannered Englishman at tab

29、le holds and keeps his knife in his right hand，his fork in the left，cuts his meats and presses his vegetables into his fork.The wellmannered American first cuts up all his meat，then places his knife down on the right of his plate，takes his fork in his right hand and with his fork lifts the food to t

30、he mouth.He will have coffee halfway through his dinner before the pudding.The Englishman drinks his專題突破錦囊專題突破錦囊coffee after the dinner.And，of course，Americans are coffeedrinkers rather than teadrinkers.The Englishman would be shocked at the Americans idea of how tea should be made.專題突破錦囊專題突破錦囊A wel

31、lmannered American_.Aholds his knife in his right hand all the time at tableBdoesnt use a knife during his mealsCplaces his knife down on the right of his handDuses his knife only once during his dinner專題突破錦囊專題突破錦囊【解析解析】此題多數錯選此題多數錯選C，而正確答，而正確答案為案為D。對照原文可知，。對照原文可知，C錯在忽略了錯在忽略了on the right of his hand與

32、與on the right of his plate的的區別，依據區別，依據place his knife down.，刀不可，刀不可能是放在手上的，錯在雖重視了左與右，但能是放在手上的，錯在雖重視了左與右，但忽略了忽略了plate與與hand的細微區別。的細微區別。【答案答案】D專題突破錦囊專題突破錦囊完成下列閱讀理解。完成下列閱讀理解。Tom was one of the brightest boys in the year，with supportive parents.But when he was 15，he suddenly stopped trying.He left schoo

33、l at 16 with only two scores for secondary school subjects.One of the reasons that made it cool for him not to care was the power of his peer(同齡人同齡人)group.技巧演練技巧演練專題突破錦囊專題突破錦囊The lack of right male(男性的男性的)role models in many of their livesat home and particularly in the school environment(環境環境)means

34、 that their peers are the only people they have to judge themselves against.專題突破錦囊專題突破錦囊They dont see men succeeding in society so it doesnt occur to them that they could make something of themselves.Without male teachers as a role model，the effect of peer actions and street culture(文化文化)is allpower

35、ful.Boys want to be part of a club.However，schools can provide the environment for change，and provide the right role models for them.Teachers need to be trained to stop that but not in front of a childs peers.You have to do it one to one，because that is when you see the real child.專題突破錦囊專題突破錦囊Its po

36、intless sending a child home if he or she has done wrong.They see it as a welcome day off to watch television or play computer games.Instead，schools should have special unit where a child who has done wrong goes for the day and gets advice about his problemssomewhere he can work away from his peers

37、and go home after the other children.專題突破錦囊專題突破錦囊【文章大意文章大意】通過通過Tom事件引出文章事件引出文章中心內容，孩子們非常看重同齡人對自己的中心內容，孩子們非常看重同齡人對自己的評價和認可，產生了一種盲從心理，針對這評價和認可，產生了一種盲從心理，針對這種情況學校和老師應采取一些措施來改變這種情況學校和老師應采取一些措施來改變這種狀況。種狀況。專題突破錦囊專題突破錦囊1Why did Tom give up studying?AHe disliked his teachers.BHis parents no longer supported

38、 him.CIts cool for boys of his age not to care about studies.DThere were too many subjects in his secondary school.專題突破錦囊專題突破錦囊解析解析：選選C。事實細節題。根據第一段事實細節題。根據第一段“One of the reasons that made it cool for him not to care was the power of his peer(同同齡人齡人)group.”可知選可知選C。專題突破錦囊專題突破錦囊2What seems to have a ba

39、d effect on students like Tom?APeer groups.BA special unit.CThe student judges. DThe home environment.解析解析：選選A。推理判斷題。根據第一、推理判斷題。根據第一、二段綜合推理可知二段綜合推理可知peer groups(同齡人群同齡人群)有有很大的影響，故選很大的影響，故選A。專題突破錦囊專題突破錦囊3What should schools do to help the problem schoolboys?AWait for their change patiently.BTrain lea

40、ders of their peer groups.CStop the development of street culture.DGive them lessons in a separate area.專題突破錦囊專題突破錦囊解析解析：選選D。推理判斷題。根據第三段推理判斷題。根據第三段第四句第四句“However，schools can provide the environment for change，and provide the right role models for them.”可知。而可知。而A、B未提到，且未提到，且C項內容中項內容中street culture與原文

41、與原文不符，故選不符，故選D。專題突破錦囊專題突破錦囊4A teachers work is most effective with a schoolboy when he _.Ais with the boy aloneBteaches the boy a lessonCsends the boy home as punishmentDworks together with another teacher專題突破錦囊專題突破錦囊解析解析：選選A。事實細節題。根據第三段事實細節題。根據第三段最后一句最后一句“You have to do it one to one，because that i

42、s when you see the real child.”尤其是此句中尤其是此句中one to one，可知選，可知選A。專題突破錦囊專題突破錦囊寫作導與練寫作導與練 “ “三步法三步法”寫好申請信寫好申請信申請信是一種為得到某種機會或某些東申請信是一種為得到某種機會或某些東西，如申請得到獎學金、求學、申請出國簽西，如申請得到獎學金、求學、申請出國簽證、找工作等，而撰寫的商務信函。一封格證、找工作等，而撰寫的商務信函。一封格式正確、語言得體、高質量的申請信往往是式正確、語言得體、高質量的申請信往往是成功申請的敲門磚。下面，就讓我們一同看成功申請的敲門磚。下面，就讓我們一同看一下如何使用一下

43、如何使用“三步法三步法”寫好英文申請信。寫好英文申請信。專題突破錦囊專題突破錦囊第一步，寫好引言部分第一步，寫好引言部分(Introductory part)，直奔申請主題。在申請信的開頭要，直奔申請主題。在申請信的開頭要寫清你要申請的內容。此部分要注意語言誠寫清你要申請的內容。此部分要注意語言誠摯友好。如：摯友好。如：1In reply/answer to your advertisement in todays newspaper，I respectfully offer myself for the post.專題突破錦囊專題突破錦囊2I wish to apply for admiss

44、ion to your department as a graduate.第二步，詳寫正文部分第二步，詳寫正文部分(Body part)，突，突出個人優勢。在這部分里，你要列舉出你提出個人優勢。在這部分里，你要列舉出你提出這一申請自身所具備的資格，包括個人所出這一申請自身所具備的資格，包括個人所接受的與此申請相關的訓練或教育科目、工接受的與此申請相關的訓練或教育科目、工作經驗、特殊技能等，以及能突出你與眾不作經驗、特殊技能等，以及能突出你與眾不同的品質的信息。如：同的品質的信息。如：專題突破錦囊專題突破錦囊1For the past three years，I have been in the

45、 office of the XX Trading Co.，where I have been an accountant.I am able to take dictation in English and translate it rapidly into Chinese.2I am sure that my honesty，carefulness，patience，commitment and extensive knowledge will produce an excellent job performance.專題突破錦囊專題突破錦囊第三步，寫好結尾部分第三步，寫好結尾部分(Closing part)，提供聯系方式。申請信的結尾處要給出你的提供聯系方式。申請信的結尾處要給出你的聯系方式、希望參加面試的時間，并視