1、MASCIS Impactor, NYU Impactor)脊髓損傷模型打擊器是設(shè)計(jì)用來(lái)為大小鼠施加可重復(fù)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)脊椎撞擊。已經(jīng)開(kāi)發(fā)應(yīng)用超過(guò)十年，它是嚙齒類(lèi)動(dòng)物脊髓損傷模型的一部分，已經(jīng)有超過(guò)100 個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)室在使用它。另外，最近超過(guò)50%的關(guān)于脊髓損傷研究文獻(xiàn)使用的是MASCIS撞擊 器 。 大 部 分 儀 器 的 建 議 操 作 程 序 是 源 自 于MulticenterAnimalSpinal CordInjuryStudy(MASCIS)模型和實(shí)際工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)。現(xiàn)有 MASCIS撞擊器現(xiàn)在是它的第三代產(chǎn)品，與以前的產(chǎn)品相比已經(jīng)有很多方面的改進(jìn)提高。現(xiàn)有兩個(gè)型號(hào)的撞擊器。電腦版撞擊器可以記錄數(shù)

2、據(jù)。同時(shí)也可以使用基本版撞擊器(The Rutgers Impactor) 僅進(jìn)行撞擊，不記錄數(shù)據(jù)。電腦版撞擊器可以精確測(cè)量一個(gè)10 克的小棒的運(yùn)動(dòng)情況， 這個(gè)小棒從12.5mm ，25mm ，50mm高處落到術(shù)后暴露的脊髓T9-10 處。另外設(shè)備還可以測(cè)量撞擊位置脊柱的運(yùn)動(dòng)。顯示墜落小棒的軌跡，并測(cè)量撞擊速度（ImpV ），脊髓壓縮距離（Cd），脊髓壓縮時(shí)間(Ct)，脊髓壓縮率(Cr)。這些撞擊參數(shù)本身是相關(guān)的，同時(shí)與其它的脊髓損傷數(shù)值如組織Na，K 濃度，運(yùn)動(dòng)恢復(fù) locomotor recovery(BBB 評(píng)分 )也是相關(guān)的 . MICFORCE米力光國(guó)際 CO.LTDThe MASC

3、IS Impactor is a device designed to deliver graded reproducible spinal cord contusions in rats. Developed over ten years ago, the Impactor is part of a well-defined rodent spinal cord injury model that is used in over 100 laboratories around the world. In addition, more than 50% of recent publicatio

4、ns on spinal cord injury research used the MASCIS Impactor. Most of the recommended procedures for the Impactor are based on experience with the model and work done by the Multicenter Animal Spinal Cord Injury Study (MASCIS).The Impactor is now in its third generation with many improvements over pre

5、vious models. It is available in a model with data recording capability (description and picture links) which requires a Pentium computer. It is also available in a basic model (The Rutgers Impactor) which only does the impact, not the recording of data.Clamping systems are available for both rat an

6、d mouse.A clamping system is necessary for theRutgers basic model and serves as a functional enhancement for the MASCISmodel. (description and picture .) When using a clamping system with the MASCIS model, a CS-tie device also is needed.The MASCIS Impactor, formerly called the NYU Impactor, was deve

7、loped in 1991 by Drs. John Gruner, Carl Mason, and Wise Young. It is now used in laboratories throughout the world in their spinal cord injury studies. The device precisely measures the movement of a 10-gram rod dropped 12.5, 25.0, or 50.0 mm onto the T9-10 spinal cord exposed by laminectomy. In add

8、ition, the device measures movement of the spinal column at the impact site, displays the trajectory of the falling rod, and measures the impact velocity (ImpV), cord compression distance (Cd), cord compression time (Ct), and cord compression rate (Cr). These impact parameters correlate with each ot

9、her and spinal cord lesion volumes (estimated from tissue Na and K concentrations) and locomotor recovery (BBB scores).1: Serial changes in bladder, locomotion, and levels of neurotrophic factors in rats with spinal cord contusion.Hyun JK, Lee YI, Son YJ, Park JS.Department of Rehabilitation Medicin

10、e, Dankook University, Cheonan, Korea.rhhyundankook.ac.kr2: A re-assessment of minocycline as a neuroprotective agent in a rat spinal cord contusion model. Pinzon A, Marcillo A, Quintana A, Stamler S, Bunge MB, Bramlett HM, Dietrich WD.Brain Res. 2008 Dec 3;1243:146-51. Epub 2008 Sep 24.3 :The role

11、of cation-dependent chloride transporters in neuropathic pain following spinal cord injury. Cramer SW, Baggott C, Cain J, Tilghman J, Allcock B, Miranpuri G, Rajpal S, Sun D, Resnick D. Mol Pain. 2008 Sep 17;4:36.4: Novel combination strategies to repair the injured mammalian spinal cord. Bunge MB.J

12、 Spinal Cord Med. 2008;31(3):262-9. Review.5: A re-assessment of erythropoietin as a neuroprotective agent following rat spinal cord compression or contusion injury.Pinzon A, Marcillo A, Pabon D, Bramlett HM, Bunge MB, Dietrich WD. Exp Neurol. 2008 Sep;213(1):129-36. Epub 2008 Jul 14.6: B1 and TRPV-

13、1 receptor genes and their relationship to hyperalgesia following spinal cord injury.DomBourian MG, Turner NA, Gerovac TA, Vemuganti R, Miranpuri GS, TV, Resnick DK.Spine. 2006 Nov 15;31(24):2778-82.reyenü K, Satriotomo I, Miletic7:Endothelial cell loss is not a major cause of neuronal and glia

14、l cell death following contusion injury ofthespinal cord.Casella GT, Bunge MB, Wood PM.Exp Neurol. 2006 Nov;202(1):8-20. Epub 2006 Jul 26.8:Recoveryof functionfollowinggraftingof humanbone marrow-derivedstromalcells into the injuredspinal cord.HimesBT, NeuhuberB, ColemanC, KushnerR, SwangerSA, Kopen

15、GC, WagnerJ, ShumskyJS,Fischer I.9: Mechanical and cold allodynia in a rat spinal cord contusion model. Yoon YW, Dong H, Arends JJ, Jacquin MF.Somatosens Mot Res. 2004 Mar;21(1):25-31.10: Spinal cord contusion models.Young W.Prog Brain Res. 2002;137:231-55. Review.出師表兩漢：諸葛亮先帝創(chuàng)業(yè)未半而中道崩殂， 今天下三分， 益州疲弊，

16、此誠(chéng)危急存亡之秋也。然侍衛(wèi)之臣不懈于內(nèi)，忠志之士忘身于外者，蓋追先帝之殊遇，欲報(bào)之于陛下也。誠(chéng)宜開(kāi)張圣聽(tīng)，以光先帝遺德，恢弘志士之氣，不宜妄自菲薄，引喻失義，以塞忠諫之路也。宮中府中，俱為一體；陟罰臧否，不宜異同。若有作奸犯科及為忠善者，宜付有司論其刑賞，以昭陛下平明之理；不宜偏私，使內(nèi)外異法也。侍中、侍郎郭攸之、費(fèi)祎、董允等，此皆良實(shí)，志慮忠純，是以先帝簡(jiǎn)拔以遺陛下：愚以為宮中之事，事無(wú)大小，悉以咨之，然后施行，必能裨補(bǔ)闕漏，有所廣益。將軍向?qū)櫍孕惺缇瑫詴耻娛拢囉糜谖羧眨鹊鄯Q(chēng)之曰愚以為營(yíng)中之事，悉以咨之，必能使行陣和睦，優(yōu)劣得所。“能 ”，是以眾議舉寵為督：親賢臣，遠(yuǎn)小人，此先漢所以興隆也； 親小人， 遠(yuǎn)賢臣，此后漢所以?xún)A頹也。 先帝在時(shí)，每與臣論此事， 未嘗不嘆息痛恨于桓、 靈也。侍中、尚書(shū)、長(zhǎng)史、參軍，此悉貞良死節(jié)之臣，愿陛下親之、信之，則漢室之隆，可計(jì)日而待也。臣本布衣，躬耕于南陽(yáng)，茍全性命于亂世，不求聞達(dá)于諸侯。先帝不以臣卑鄙，猥自枉屈，三顧臣于草廬之中，咨臣以當(dāng)世之事，由是感激，遂許先帝以驅(qū)馳。后值