1、物權法(中英雙語逐條對照版)中華人民共和國物權法 Property Law of the Peoples Republic of China20_ 年 3 月 16日第十屆全國人民代表大會第五次會議通過 20_ 年 3月 16 日公布 20_年 10 月 1 日起施行(Adopted at the Fifth Session of the Tenth National Peoples Congress on March 16, 20_)目 錄 Contents第一編 總 那么 Part One General Provisions第一章 根本原那么 Chapter I Basic Princi

2、ples第一條為了維護國家根本經濟制度，維護社會市場經濟秩序，明確物的歸屬，發揮物的效用，保護權利人的物權，根據憲法，制定本法。Article 1 This Law is enacted in accordance with the Constitution for the purpose of upholding the basic economic system of the State, maintaining the order of the socialist market economy, defining the attribution of things, giving pla

3、y to the usefulness of things and protecting the property right of obligees.第二條因物的歸屬和利用而產生的民事關系，適用本法。Article 2 This Law shall be applicable to civil relationships stemming from attribution and use of things.本法所稱物，包括不動產和動產。法律規定權利作為物權客體的，按照其規定。For the purposes of this Law, things include the immovable

4、s and the movables.Where laws stipulate that rights are taken as objects of the property right, the provisions of such laws shall prevail.本法所稱物權，是指權利人依法對特定的物享有直接支配和排他的權利，包括所有權、用益物權和擔保物權。The property right mentioned in this Law means the e_clusive right enjoyed by the obligee to directly dominate a g

5、iven thing according to law, which consists of the right of ownership, the usufruct and the security interest on property.第三條國家在社會初級階段，堅持公有制為主體、多種所有制經濟共同開展的根本經濟制度。Article 3 In the primary stage of socialism, the State upholds the basic economic system under which public ownership is dominant and the

6、 economic sectors of diverse forms of ownership develop side by side.國家穩固和開展公有制經濟，鼓勵、支持和引導非公有制經濟的開展。The State consolidates and develops the public sectors of the economy, and encourages, supports and guides to the development of the non-public sectors of the economy.國家實行社會市場經濟，保障一切市場主體的平等法律地位和開展權利。T

7、he State maintains a socialist market economy and guarantees the equal legal status and the right to development of all the mainstays of the market.第四條國家、集體、私人的物權和其他權利人的物權受法律保護，任何單位和個人不得進犯。Article 4 The property right of the State, the collectives, the individual persons and other obligees are prote

8、cted by law, and no units or individuals shall encroach on it.第五條物權的種類和內容，由法律規定。Article 5 The categories and contents of the property right shall be stipulated by law.第六條不動產物權的設立、變更、轉讓和消滅，應當按照法律規定登記。動產物權的設立和轉讓，應當按照法律規定交付。Article 6 The creation, alteration, transfer or e_tinction of the property righ

9、t of the immovables shall be registered in accordance with the provisions of law.The property right of the movables shall be created or transferred upon delivery in accordance with the provisions of law.第七條物權的獲得和行使，應當遵守法律，尊重社會公德，不得損害公共利益和別人合法權益。Article 7 The law shall be observed and social ethics s

10、hall be respected in acquiring or e_ercising the property right and public interests and the lawful rights and interests of another person shall not be jeopardized.第八條其他相關法律對物權另有特別規定的，按照其規定。Article 8 Where other laws specially provide for the property right otherwise, the provisions there shall prev

11、ail.第二章 物權的設立、變更、轉讓和消滅 Chapter II Creation, Alteration, Transfer and E_tinction of the Property Right第一節 不動產登記 Section 1 Registration of the Immovables第九條不動產物權的設立、變更、轉讓和消滅，經依法登記，發生效力；未經登記，不發生效力，但法律另有規定的除外。Article 9 The creation, alteration, transfer or e_tinction of the property right shall bee vali

12、d upon registration according to law; otherwise it shall not bee valid, unless otherwise provided for by law.依法屬于國家所有的自然資，所有權可以不登記。Registration of ownership of all the natural resources which are owned by the State in accordance with law may be dispensed with.第十條不動產登記，由不動產所在地的登記機構辦理。Article 10 Regis

13、tration of the immovables shall be handled by the registration authority at the place where they are located.國家對不動產實行統一登記制度。統一登記的范圍、登記機構和登記方法，由法律、行政法規規定。The State practices a unified system of registration with respect to the immovables.The scope of unified registration, the registration authority a

14、nd the measures for registration shall be stipulated by law and administrative regulations.第十一條當事人申請登記，應當根據不同登記事項提供權屬證明和不動產界址、面積等必要材料。Article 11 To apply for registration, the party concerned shall, on the basis of the different matters for registration, submit the certificate of the attribution of

15、right and the necessary materials on boundary and the area of the immovables, etc.第十二條登記機構應當履行以下職責：Article 12 The registration authority shall perform the following duties:一查驗申請人提供的權屬證明和其他必要材料； (1) to e_amine the certificate of the attribution of right and the other necessary materials submitted by

16、the applicant;二就有關登記事項詢問申請人； (2) to inquire of the applicant about the matters for registration;三如實、及時登記有關事項； (3) to register the relevant matters truthfully and in a timely manner; and四法律、行政法規規定的其他職責。(4) to perform the other duties provided for by laws and administrative regulations.申請登記的不動產的有關情況需要

17、進一步證明的，登記機構可以要求申請人補充材料，必要時可以實地查看。Where further certification of the condition of the immovables, the registration of which is applied for, is needed, the registration authority may require the applicant to supplement the materials and may, when necessary, check them on the spot.第十三條登記機構不得有以下行為：Artic

18、le 13 The registration authority shall not do any of the following:一要求對不動產進展評估； (1) demanding evaluation of the immovables;二以年檢等名義進展重復登記； (2) making repeated registration in the name of annual inspection, etc.; or三超出登記職責范圍的其他行為。(3) doing other things beyond the limits of its duty for registration.第十

19、四條不動產物權的設立、變更、轉讓和消滅，按照法律規定應當登記的，自記載于不動產登記簿時發生效力。Article 14 Where the creation, alteration, transfer and e_tinction of the property right of the immovables are required to be registered according to the provisions of law, they shall bee valid as of the time when they are entered in the register of th

20、e immovables.第十五條當事人之間訂立有關設立、變更、轉讓和消滅不動產物權的合同，除法律另有規定或者合同另有約定外，自合同成立時生效；未辦理物權登記的，不影響合同效力。Article 15 The contract made between the parties concerned on the creation, alteration, transfer or e_tinction of the property right of the immovables shall bee valid as of the time when the contract is conclude

21、d, unless otherwise provided for by law or agreed upon in the contract; and where the property right is not registered, it shall not affect the validity of the contract.第十六條不動產登記簿是物權歸屬和內容的根據。不動產登記簿由登記機構管理。Article 16 The register of the immovables provides the basis for the attribution and contents o

22、f the property right.The register of the immovables shall be kept by the registration authority.第十七條不動產權屬證書是權利人享有該不動產物權的證明。不動產權屬證書記載的事項，應當與不動產登記簿一致；記載不一致的，除有證據證明不動產登記簿確有錯誤外，以不動產登記簿為準。Article 17 The right attribution certificate of the immovables is the proof that the obligee is entitled to the prope

23、rty right of the said immovables.The items recorded in the right attribution certificate of the immovables shall be consistent with what is recorded in the register of the immovables; and in case of inconsistencies, what is recorded in the register of the immovables shall be taken as the standard un

24、less there is evidence to prove that there are errors in what is recorded in the register of the immovables.第十八條權利人、利害關系人可以申請查詢、復制登記資料，登記機構應當提供。Article 18 The obligee or the interested party may apply for consulting and duplicating the registered information, and the registration authority shall pro

25、vide such materials accordingly.第十九條權利人、利害關系人認為不動產登記簿記載的事項錯誤的，可以申請更正登記。不動產登記簿記載的權利人書面同意更正或者有證據證明登記確有錯誤的，登記機構應當予以更正。Article 19 Where the obligee or the interested party believes that there are errors in what is recorded in the register of the immovables, he may apply for correction.Where the obligee

26、recorded in the register of the immovables agrees in written form to make corrections or there is evidence to prove that there are definitely errors in the registration, the registration authority shall make corrections accordingly.不動產登記簿記載的權利人不同意更正的，利害關系人可以申請異議登記。登記機構予以異議登記的，申請人在異議登記之日起十五日內不起訴，異議登記

27、失效。異議登記不當，造成權利人損害的，權利人可以向申請人懇求損害賠償。Where the obligee recorded in the register of the immovables disagrees on making corrections, the interested party may apply for the registration of disagreement.Where the registration authority registers the disagreement, the applicant in question fails to file a

28、lawsuit within 15 days from the date the disagreement is registered, such a registration shall bee invalid.If damages are caused to the obligee due to inappropriate registration of disagreement, the obligee may request the applicant to make pensation.第二十條當事人簽訂買賣房屋或者其他不動產物權的協議，為保障將來實現物權，按照約定可以向登記機構申請

29、預告登記。預告登記后，未經預告登記的權利人同意，處分該不動產的，不發生物權效力。Article 20 When the party concerned intends to sign an agreement on the purchase or sale of a house or other property right of immovables, he may, in accordance with what is agreed upon, apply to the registration authority in advance for registration, in order

30、 to ensure the realization of his property right in future.Where after the registration is made in advance, such immovables are disposed of without the consent of the obligee who is recorded in the registration in advance, the property right of such immovables shall be invalid.預告登記后，債權消滅或者自可以進展不動產登記

31、之日起三個月內未申請登記的，預告登記失效。Where after the registration is made in advance, the creditors rights e_tinguish or no application for registration of the immovables is made within three months from the date when such registration can be made, the registration made in advance shall bee invalid.第二十一條當事人提供虛假材料申請

32、登記，給別人造成損害的，應當承當賠償責任。Article 21 Where the party concerned submits false materials when applying for registration, thus causing damages to another person, he shall be liable for pensation.因登記錯誤，給別人造成損害的，登記機構應當承當賠償責任。登記機構賠償后，可以向造成登記錯誤的人追償。Where damages are caused to another person due to the errors ma

33、de in registration, the registration authority shall be liable for pensation.After making the pensation, the said authority may have recourse to the person who makes the errors in registration.第二十二條不動產登記費按件收取，不得按照不動產的面積、體積或者價款的比例收取。詳細收費標準由國務院有關部門會同價格主管部門規定。Article 22 Charges for registration of the

34、immovables shall be collected piece by piece and shall not be collected on the basis of the areas or sizes of the immovables or in proportion to the purchase prices.The specific rates for the charges shall be prescribed by relevant department under the State Council together with the department of p

35、ricing.第二節 動產交付 Section 2 Delivery of the Movables第二十三條動產物權的設立和轉讓，自交付時發生效力，但法律另有規定的除外。Article 23 The creation or transfer of the property right of the movables shall bee valid as of the time of their delivery, unless otherwise provided for by law.第二十四條船舶、航空器和機動車等物權的設立、變更、轉讓和消滅，未經登記，不得對抗好心第三人。Article

36、 24 Before registration, the creation, alteration, transfer or e_tinction of the property right of the vessels, aircraft, motor vehicles, etc.shall not be used against a bona fide third party.第二十五條動產物權設立和轉讓前，權利人已經依法占有該動產的，物權自法律行為生效時發生效力。Article 25 Where an obligee has already possessed the movables

37、according to law prior to the creation or transfer of the property right of such movables, the property right shall bee valid as of the time when such legal act bees effective.第二十六條動產物權設立和轉讓前，第三人依法占有該動產的，負有交付義務的人可以通過轉讓懇求第三人返復原物的權利代替交付。Article 26 Where a third party has taken possession of the movabl

38、es according to law prior to the creation or transfer of the property right of the said movables, the person who is obligated to deliver the movables may do so, instead, through transferring the right of requesting the third party to return the original movables.第二十七條動產物權轉讓時，雙方又約定由出讓人繼續占有該動產的，物權自該約定

39、生效時發生效力。Article 27 Where both parties agree that the transferor continues to possess the movables while the property right of such movables is being transferred, the said property right shall be valid as of the time when the said agreement bees effective.第三節 其他規定 Section 3 Other Provisions第二十八條因人民法院

40、、仲裁委員會的法律文書或者人民政府的征收決定等，導致物權設立、變更、轉讓或者消滅的，自法律文書或者人民政府的征收決定等生效時發生效力。Article 28 Where the property right is created, altered or transferred or e_tinguishes in accordance with the legal document of a peoples court or an arbitration mittee or a decision made by a peoples government on e_propriation, etc

41、., such creation, alteration, transfer and e_tinction shall bee valid as of the time when the said document or decision es into effect.第二十九條因繼承或者受遺贈獲得物權的，自繼承或者受遺贈開場時發生效力。Article 29 Where the property right is obtained through inheritance or acceptance of legacy, such property right shall bee valid a

42、s of the time of inheritance or acceptance of legacy.第三十條因合法建造、撤除房屋等事實行為設立或者消滅物權的，自事實行為成就時發生效力。Article 30 Where the property right is created or e_tinguishes due to such factual acts as lawful construction and demolition of houses, such property right shall bee valid as of the time when the factual

43、acts are achieved.第三十一條按照本法第二十八條至第三十條規定享有不動產物權的，處分該物權時，按照法律規定需要辦理登記的，未經登記，不發生物權效力。Article 31 Where a person enjoys the property right over the immovables in accordance with the provisions of Articles 28 through 30 of this Law, and registration is required according to the provisions of laws, when su

44、ch property right is disposed of, the property right shall be invalid if no registration is made.第三章 物權的保護 Chapter III Protection of the Property Right第三十二條物權受到損害的，權利人可以通過和解、調解、仲裁、訴訟等途徑解決。Article 32 Where the property right is encroached on, the obligee may have the matter settled by means of concil

45、iation, mediation, arbitration or litigation.第 三十三條因物權的歸屬、內容發生爭議的，利害關系人可以懇求確認權利。Article 33 Where a dispute arises over the attribution or contents of the property right, the interested parties may request confirmation of their right.第三十四條無權占有不動產或者動產的，權利人可以懇求返復原物。Article 34 Where a person takes posse

46、ssion of the immovables or movables without the right to do so, the obligee may request return of the original immovables or movables.第三十五條妨害物權或者可能妨害物權的，權利人可以懇求排除妨害或者消除危險。Article 35 Where the property right is impaired or is likely to be impaired, the obligee may request removal of such impairment o

47、r elimination of the potential danger.第三十六條造成不動產或者動產毀損的，權利人可以懇求修理、重作、更換或者恢復原狀。Article 36 Where the immovables or movables are damaged or destroyed, the obligee may request repairs, reconstruction or remaking, replacement or restoration to their original state.第三十七條損害物權，造成權利人損害的，權利人可以懇求損害賠償，也可以懇求承當其他

48、民事責任。Article 37 Where the infringement of the property right causes damages to an obligee, the obligee may request pensation for the damages and may also request the infringing party to assume other civil liabilities.第三十八條本章規定的物權保護方式，可以單獨適用，也可以根據權利被損害的情形合并適用。Article 38 The forms for protection of th

49、e property right as provided for in this Chapter may be applied separately and may also be applied otherwise, depending on the circumstances of infringement.損害物權，除承當民事責任外，違背行政管理規定的，依法承當行政責任；構成犯罪的，依法追究刑事責任。Apart from bearing civil liability for infringement on the property right, a person who, in add

50、ition, violates the administrative provisions shall bear administrative liability according to law; and if a crime is constituted, he shall be investigated for criminal liability according to law.第二編 所有權 Part Two Ownership第四章 一般規定 Chapter IV General Stipulations第三十九條所有權人對自己的不動產或者動產，依法享有占有、使用、收益和處分的權

51、利。Article 39 Owners of immovables or movables shall be entitled to possess, use, benefit from and dispose of the immovables or movables according to law.第四十條所有權人有權在自己的不動產或者動產上設立用益物權和擔保物權。用益物權人、擔保物權人行使權利，不得損害所有權人的權益。Article 40 On their own immovables or movables, owners shall have the right to create

52、 usufruct and security interest.In e_ercising their rights, the usufructuaries or guarantors shall not impair the rights and interests of the owners.第四十一條法律規定專屬于國家所有的不動產和動產，任何單位和個人不能獲得所有權。Article 41 No units or individuals shall be allowed to acquire ownership of the immovables and movables which ar

53、e e_clusively owned by the State as are provided for by law.第四十二條為了公共利益的需要，按照法律規定的權限和程序可以征搜集體所有的土地和單位、個人的房屋及其他不動產。Article 42 For public interests, land owned by the collectives, and the houses and other immovables of units and individuals may be e_propriated within the limits of power and in pliance

54、 with the procedures provided for by law.征搜集體所有的土地，應當依法足額支付土地補償費、安置補助費、地上附著物和青苗的補償費等費用，安排被征地農民的社會保障費用，保障被征地農民的生活，維護被征地農民的合法權益。Where land owned by the collective is e_propriated, such fees as pensations for the land e_propriated, subsidies for resettlement and pensations for the attachments and the y

55、oung crops on land shall be paid in full according to law, and the premiums for social insurance of the farmers whose land is e_propriated shall be arranged in order to guarantee their daily lives and safeguard their lawful rights and interests.征收單位、個人的房屋及其他不動產，應當依法給予拆遷補償，維護被征收人的合法權益；征收個人住宅的，還應當保障被征

56、收人的居住條件。Where houses and other immovables of units or individuals are e_propriated, pensations for their resettlement shall be paid according to law, and their lawful rights and interests shall be protected; and where the housings of individuals are e_propriated, their living conditions shall be gua

57、ranteed.任何單位和個人不得貪污、挪用、私分、截留、拖欠征收補償費等費用。No units or individuals shall embezzle, misappropriate, privately divide, withhold or default on payment of such fees as the pensations for e_propriation.第四十三條國家對耕地實行特殊保護，嚴格限制農用地轉為建立用地，控制建立用地總量。不得違背法律規定的權限和程序征搜集體所有的土地。Article 43 The State provides cultivated l

58、and with special protection through strictly restricting the transformation of the farmland into land for construction and keeping under control the total amount of land used for construction.No land owned by the collectives shall be e_propriated in violation of the limits of power and in pliance with the procedures as provided for by law.第四十四條因搶險、救災等緊急需要，按照法律規定的權限和程序可以征用單位、個人的不動產或者動產。被征用的不動產或者動產使用后，應當返還被征用人。單位、個人的不動產或者動產被征用或者征用后毀損、滅失的，應當給予補償。Article 44 In order to meet such urgen