1、中醫(yī)常用詞匯01  中醫(yī)常用詞匯Terms Commonly Used in TCM中國醫(yī)藥學Traditional Chinese Medicine治未病prevention of disease中醫(yī)基礎(chǔ)理論Basic theory of traditional Chinese medicine臟腑zang-organs and fu-organs, viscera臨床經(jīng)驗clinical experience功能活動functional activities辨證論治treatment based on syndrome differentiation形神統(tǒng)一unity of th

2、e body and spirit本草materia medica, herbs陰陽失調(diào)imbalance of yin and yang中藥Chinese materia medica, Chinese medicinal herbs條達舒暢free development四氣五味four properties and five tastes延年益壽prolonging life, promising longevity針灸acupuncture and moxibustion, acumox養(yǎng)生防病cultivating health to prevent disease各家學說theor

3、ies of different schools正氣healthy qi, vital qi汗法diaphoresis, sweating therapy病邪pathogenic factor下法purgative therapy, purgation整體觀念concept of holism吐法emetic therapy, vomiting therapy疾病的本質(zhì)與現(xiàn)象nature and manifestations of disease補土派school of invigorating the earth陰陽的相對平衡relative balance between yin and

4、yang病因?qū)W說etiology疾病的發(fā)生與發(fā)展occurrence and development of disease養(yǎng)生health-cultivation, 同病異治treating the same disease with different therapies醫(yī)療實踐medical practice異病同治treating different diseases with the same therapy治療原則therapeutic principles五臟five zang-organs, five zang-viscera寒涼藥物herbs of cold and cool

5、nature, cold-natured herbs六腑six fu-organs, six fu-viscera滋陰降火nourishing yin to lower/reduce fire經(jīng)絡(luò)系統(tǒng)system of meridians and collaterals滋水涵木enriching water to nourish wood余熱未盡incomplete abatement of heat瘀血致瀉disease caused by blood stasis有機整體organic wholeness/integrity先天之精congenital essence表里關(guān)系exterio

6、r and interior relation形與神俱inseparability of the body and spirit開竅opening into開胃promoting appetite自然現(xiàn)象natural phenomena脈象pulse conditions, pulse pattern哲學概念philosophical concept邪正關(guān)系states of pathogenic factors and healthy qi對立統(tǒng)一unity of opposites發(fā)熱惡寒fever and aversion to cold相互消長mutual waning and wa

7、xing頭身疼痛headache and body pain相互轉(zhuǎn)化mutual transformation久痢脫肛proctoptosis due to prolonged dysentery陰陽屬性nature of yin and yang養(yǎng)陰清熱nourishing yin and clearing away heat相互聯(lián)系interrelation清肺熱clear away lung-heat相互制約mutual restraint, mutual restriction/interaction濕邪犯肺pathogenic dampness invading the lung動態(tài)

8、平衡dynamic equilibrium清熱瀉火clearing away heat and reducing fire陰平陽秘yin and yang in equilibrium腠理muscular interstices, striae, interstitial space陰陽的互根互用interdependence of yin and yang水濕停滯retention of water and dampness, water retention相互依存interdependence癃閉retention of urine陰陽離絕separation of yin and yan

9、g氣血運行circulation/flow of qi and blood相反相成opposite and supplementary to each陰陽轉(zhuǎn)化transformation between yin and yang生理功能physiological functions陽消陰長yang waning and yin waxing病理變化pathological changes陰勝則陽病predominance of yin leading to disorder of yang臨床診斷clinical diagnosis陰勝則陽病an excess of yin leads to

10、deficiency of yang陽勝生外熱exuberance of yang leading to exterior heat陽勝則熱predominance of yang generating heat陽中求陰obtaining yang from yin寒極生熱extreme cold generating heat絕對偏盛absolute predominance熱極生寒extreme heat generating cold陽虛則寒yang deficiency leading to cold陽損及陰impairment of yang involving yin陰陽俱損sim

11、ultaneous consumption of yin and yang陰液不足insufficiency of yin-fluid陰陽兩虛simultaneous deficiency of both yin and yang病機總綱general principle of pathogenesis陽虛發(fā)熱fever due to yang deficiency病機pathomechanism, pathological mechanism陰陽自和natural harmony between yin and yang陰陽勝復alternative predominance of yin

12、and yang木乘土the wood over-restrains the earth虛寒證deficiency-cold syndrome木火刑金wood-fire impairs the metal扶陽退陰strengthening yang to reduce yin金水相生generation between the metal and water祛風散寒expelling/eliminating wind to dispersing cold生克制化interrelationship between generation and restriction消導積滯promoting d

13、igestion and removing food retention制則生化restriction ensuring generation潛陽熄風suppressing yang to quench wind母病及子disease of the mother-organ affecting the child-organ五行學說theory of five elements傳變transmission of disease, progress of disease運動變化motion and variation子病犯母disease of the child-organ affecting

14、 the mother-organ正邪相爭struggle/combat between healthy qi and pathogenic factors肝腎精血不足insufficiency of liver and kidney essence and blood相生相克mutual generation and restriction肝陽上亢hyperactivity of liver yang生我，我生to be generated and to generate心肝血虛asthenia / deficiency of heart and liver blood克我，我克to be

15、restricted and to restrict心肝火旺exuberance of heart and liver fire生中有制restriction within generation心火亢盛hyperactivity/exuberance of heart fire克中有生generation within restriction滋腎養(yǎng)肝nourishing the kidney and liver木曰曲直wood is characterized by growing freely and peripherally方位配五行correspondence of the direct

16、ions to the five elements火曰炎上fire is characterized by flaming up溫腎健脾warming the kidney and strengthening the spleen土爰稼穡earth is characterized by cultivation and reaping腎陽式微declination of kidney yang金曰從革metal is characterized by change脾陽不振inactivation of spleen yang病緩起gradual onset of disease脾胃虛弱hypo

17、function/weakness of the spleen and stomach肝陰不足insufficiency of liver yin地道不通menopause相乘相侮over-restriction and reverse restriction平肝和胃soothing the liver and harmonizing the stomach水濕停聚retention of water-dampness水火不濟discordance between water and fire腎陰不足insufficiency of kidney yin藏象學說theory of viscer

18、al manifestations心腎不交disharmony between the heart and kidney奇恒之腑extraordinary fu-organs宣通水道dredging water passage水谷精微cereal nutrients, essence of water and food通調(diào)水道dredging and regulating water passage傳化水谷transmission and transformation of food行氣利水a(chǎn)ctivating qi to excrete water貯藏精氣storage of essence

19、水液停滯retention of fluid治療效果curative / therapeutic effect后天之本postnatal / acquired base of life藏而不瀉storage without excretion調(diào)暢氣機regulating qi activity瀉而不藏excretion without storage肝氣上逆upward flow of liver qi表熱里寒exterior heat and interior cold水曰潤下water is characterized by moistening and downward flowing肝

20、旺脾虛hyperfunction of the liver and weakness of the spleen脾主運化the spleen governing transportation and transformation大肉陷下obvious emaciation and muscular atrophy, extreme emaciation肝氣郁結(jié)stagnation of liver qi面色紅潤ruddy complexion, rosy cheeks膽虛證gallbladder deficiency syndrome膽虛不得眠insomnia due to gallbladd

21、er asthenia腐熟水谷digesting food導便法laxation食欲不振poor appetite跌打損傷traumatic injury脘腹脹悶epigastric distension and depression動靜結(jié)合integration of motion and quietness/stillness噯氣酸腐eructation with fetid odor定喘relieving asthma泌別清濁separating the clear from the turbid心主血脈the heart controlling blood and vessels食物殘渣residue of food心氣充沛abundance of heart qi大腸主傳導the large intestine governing transmission and transportation防御外邪入侵preventing the invasion of exogenous pathogenic factor癃閉dysuria, retention of urine, anuria and dysuria 血液充盈plenty of blood面黃肌瘦emacia