1、“連詞+分詞”結構作狀語：按英語習慣，一些表示時間、地點、條件、方式、讓步等的狀語從句，若從句的主語與主句德主語一致，且從句謂語包含動詞be,那么可將從句的主語和動詞be省略。連詞有：when, while, if though, after, before, as, unless但分詞的主語與主句的主語必須為同一個，如：1. While (he was) waiting there, he saw two pretty girls come out of the building.2. Jane is a shy girl and she never speaks until _.(she

2、was spoken to)Aasking Bspoken to Cspeaking to Dtold3. Iwontgounless(Iam)invited. 4. Youmuststudyhardwhile(youare)young,oryouwillregretwhen(youare)old. 你年輕時要努力學習，不然到老了你會后悔的。5. Lookoutforcarswhen (youare)crossingthestreet. 過馬路時要注意汽車。6. While(Iwas)waiting,Iwasreadingsomeoldmagazine等的時候我在看一些舊雜志。7. Hewil

3、lworkhardwherever(heis)sentbytheparty. 無論黨把他派往哪里,他都會努力工作。8. If (the experiment is)carefully_,theexperimentwillbesuccessful A. do B. does C. done D. doing一、have/get+賓語+done，done是過去分詞作賓語補足語。1.He will have/get the computer repaired tomorrow.他明天讓人給他修電腦。2.He had/get his computer stolen the other day.前幾天他

4、的電腦被偷了。3. Jenny hopes that Mr Smith will suggest a good way to have her written English improved in a short period.4. He had his leg broken.二、get+賓語+to do sth=have +賓語+do sth意思是“讓某人去干某事”。1. Mother has me go to the shop to buy some fruit. 2. Ill get someone to finish this work for you3. Excuse me sir

5、, where is Room 301? Just a minute. Ill have Bob show you to the room.三、have +賓語+ doing sth意思是“讓某人或某物持續做某事”。1. Its cold today, we should have the fire burning all the time. 2. They had their lights burning all night long.3. He had us working day after day.狀語從句狀語說明事物發生的時間,地點,原因,目的,結果方式,條件或伴隨情況,程度等情況的

6、詞叫狀語。狀語可以由副詞, 短語以及從句來擔任。 副詞作狀語 He hardly plays golf. They are playing happily. 介詞短語作狀語 He got up at six. All the boys are in the room. 不定式(短語)作狀語 I went there to see my grandfather. 分詞(短語)作狀語 Being a poor teacher, he can't afford a car. 詞組作狀語 I shall stay another three months. 從句作狀語 By the time

7、I got there, the bus had already left狀語從句指的是在主從句中作狀語的從句，修飾主句中的動詞、形容詞或副詞等。狀語從句放在主句之前時，常用逗號分開；若放在主句之后，一般不用逗號。按其意義和作用劃分，常見的有以下幾種： 時間狀語從句 通常由從屬連詞when, whenever, as, while, before, after, till, until, as soon as, hardlywhen, no soonerthan, since, once等引導。在使用時，從句一般不用一般將來時態。若主句為一般將來時態或是含有將來的意味時，時間狀語從句常用一般現

8、在時態來代替將來，即“主將從現”。例子：I will go to the cinema as soon as I finish my homework. 我一完成 作業就去電影院。 When I grow up, I will join the army. 當我畢業了，我就要去參軍。1. when, while, as 例子：When Mother was cooking dinner, I was watching TV.(持續) I was doing my homework when the telephone rang.(短暫) He took a bath while I was p

9、laying games.(持續) He sang songs as he was taking a bath.(他一邊唱歌一邊洗澡) 2. hardlywhen, no soonerthan= as soon as 例子：We had hardly begun when we were told to stop. I had no sooner reached home than it began to rain. 3. as soon as, until 例子：We will not begin until everyone arrives. I will let you know as

10、soon as he gets to Beijng. 4. once, since 例子：I have taught English since I came here. 地點狀語從句通常由連詞where和wherever引導,從句可位于主語前,也可以位于主語后。例子： I found the book where I left them. Wherever you go, I will go with you. 地點狀語從句 地點狀語從句通常由where, wherever引導。例子：Where I live there are plenty of trees. Wherever I am

11、I will be thinking of you.Where there is a will, there is a way. Wherever there's plenty of rain and sunshine, the fields are green. Where引導地點狀語從句和定語從句的區別：例子：Go back where you come from.(狀語從句) Go back to the villager where you came from. (定語從句) 原因狀語從句 通常由because, since, as引導,其中because語氣最強,since稍

12、弱,as最弱。例子：He took off his hat because he felt hot. Because it was wet, I didn't go out for a walk. 在強調句中,引導從句只能用because,不能用since或as 。例子：It was because he was ill that he didn't go with us. Since和as引導的原因狀語從句,其原因或理由在說話人看來已經明顯,或以為聽話人熟悉,不須強調,as表示的語氣最弱,常用于日常談話。例子：As/Since he was not at home, I sp

13、oke to his brother. Since he can't answer the question, you'd better ask someone else. 目的狀語從句 通常由so that, in order that, so等詞引導,從句中通常含有may/might, can/could, will, should等情態動詞,通常主句在前,從句在后,主句和從句之間沒有逗號。例子：The teacher must speak clearly so that his students can understand well. She has bought th

14、e book in order that she can follow the TV lessons. 結果狀語從句 通常由so that, sothat, suchthat引導。例子：He had overslept, so that he was late for work. The rain was so heavy that we had to stay at home the whole day. She is such a clever girl that she always comes top in exams.= She is so clever a girl that sh

15、e always comes top in exams. 區別由so that引導的目的狀語從句和結果狀語從句。例子：She hurried, so that she she caught the bus.(結果) She got up early so that she could catch the first bus. ( 目的) 條件狀語從句 通常由if, unless, as long as(只要), in case(結果, 萬一), on condition that(如果,在條件下)等連詞引導。同樣適用于“主將從現”。例子：We will stay at home if it r

16、ains tomorrow 如果明天下雨了，我們就. 會呆在家。 He wont come here unless he is invited. 除非被邀請，否則他不會到這兒來的。 As long as you give me money, I will go with you. 我就跟你走。We will have a picnic in the park if it is fine this Sunday. I won't go with you unless you tell me the truth. if only常表示愿望或一未實現的條件,尤用于感嘆句,表 示"但

17、愿,要是就好了" 。例子：If only he arrives in time.他要是及時趕到就好了 方式狀語從句 通常由as, as if, as though引導。例子： You must do the exercises as I show you. It looks as if it's going to rain.as if, as though引導的狀語從句,多描述非現實情況,應用虛擬語氣.例子：He walked as if/though he had hurt his leg. 比較狀語從句 通常由asas, not as(so)as, than引導。例子：

18、His book is as new as mine. He is not as (so) tall as his brother is. 讓步狀語從句 通常由though, although, even if, even though, as, whether, whoever, whatever, whichever, whenever, wherever, however, no matter who(what, which, when, where, how)等引導。 引導讓步狀語從句的although, though同義,用法基本相同,前者較正式,置于句首;后者較通俗,口語化。注意，在使用時，though 或 although 不能和 but 不能用在同一個句子中，兩者只能用其一。 例子： She went there though/although it was raining. Although it's hard, I'll as引導的讓步狀語從句多