1、語法 Grammar名詞名詞 n. 一概述 名詞是表示人、地方、事物或籠統概念稱號的詞，可以說名詞是萬物之稱號。它們可以是： 人的名字 Li Ming, Tom 地方稱號 China, London 職業稱謂 teacher, doctor 物品稱號 pencil, dictionary 行為稱號 study, invention 籠統概念 history, grammar 二名詞的分類二名詞的分類專有名詞 &普通名詞可數名詞 &不可數名詞1專有名詞專有名詞 主要指人名、地名及某些類人和事物專有的稱號。主要指人名、地名及某些類人和事物專有的稱號。如：如：Mary，America

2、ns, English，May, Saturday, Easter Gone with the Wind 2普通名詞普通名詞 除專有名詞外，其它都屬于普通名詞。除專有名詞外，其它都屬于普通名詞。如：如： boy，classroom，book, bag, aunt, family, juice, milk, age, childhood分類：專有名詞分類：專有名詞 or 普通名詞普通名詞？Saturday, tea, Zhanghua, rain, West Lake，enemy, computer, beauty, Mrs. Green weather, peace, ice-cream, R

3、ussians, Journey to the West 1.可數名詞 countable noun可以分清個體，以數目來計算的，有復數方式。如：book, girl, ruler, room, apple, box, bus, watch, day, zoo2.不可數名詞 uncountable noun不可以分清個體，不能以數目來計算，只需單數方式。如: water, milk, coffee, tea, rice, bread, work,study, love 分類：可數名詞分類：可數名詞 or 不可數名詞不可數名詞？boy, knife, peace, potato, wind, t

4、omato, hero, music, pleasure, map, radio, technology, desk, egg當然，也有特殊的哦！當然，也有特殊的哦！1.既可以當可數名詞又可以當不可數名詞：既可以當可數名詞又可以當不可數名詞： 可數可數 不可數不可數glass papertime orangeadvice tiniron 玻璃杯，眼鏡玻璃杯，眼鏡玻璃玻璃報紙，試卷報紙，試卷紙張紙張次數，時代次數，時代時間時間橙，橘子橙，橘子橙汁，橙色橙汁，橙色勸告勸告; 建議建議 通知，公函，音訊通知，公函，音訊錫錫 罐頭罐頭鐵鐵 熨斗熨斗 在中文是可數，英文卻不可數：在中文是可數，英文卻不可

5、數：如：如： money ，cloth ，bread ， hair ，meat， furniture， rice ，news 因此，平常因此，平常要多積累要多積累哦！哦！可數名詞的復數方式可數名詞的復數方式 1.規那么變化：規那么變化：普通情況普通情況 在詞尾加在詞尾加-s：deskdesks ；daydays； girlgirls 以以s, x, ch, sh結尾的詞結尾的詞 在詞尾加在詞尾加-es： bus buses； boxboxes； watchwatches以輔音字母加以輔音字母加y結尾的詞結尾的詞 變變y為為I再加再加-es： familyfamilies factoryfact

6、ories partyparties 以以f或或fe 結尾的詞結尾的詞 變變f或或fe為為v再加再加-es: knifeknives; lifelives; wifewives; halfhalves Important !Lets practice!I. 寫出以下名詞的復數方式： house _ 2. village _ 3. map _ 4. orange _ 5. bag _ 7. dish _ 8. family _ 9. boy _ 10. monkey _ 11. box _ 12. knife _ 13. class _ 14. factory _ 15. leaf_ 16. d

7、ictionary _ 17. watch _housesvillagesmapsorangesbagsdishesfamiliesboysmonkeysboxesknivesclassesfactoriesleavesdictionarieswatches2.不規那么變化：不規那么變化：1以以o結尾加結尾加-es： potatopotatoes tomatotomatoes heroheroes Negro Negroes2)字母字母a變變e: manmen, womanwomen, FrenchmanFrenchmen, policeman-policemen3)字母字母oo變變ee:to

8、othteeth, footfeet, goosegeese但：但：German Germans human humans4)單復數同形：單復數同形：sheepsheep, deerdeer, fishfishChinese-Chinese, Japanese Japanesecattle cattle5)其他：其他：childchildren, mousemice,medium media, basis bases不同國籍的人的復數方式：不同國籍的人的復數方式：1加-s:Australian Australians Russian RussiansItalian Italians Greek

9、 GreeksAmerican Americans Indian IndiansCanadian Canadians German Germans2)變a為e：Englishman EnglishmenFrenchman Frenchmen3單復數同形：Chinese Chinese Japanese JapaneseSwiss Swiss Exercises!1. match _ 2. man _ 3. German _ 4. tomato _5. policeman _ 6. kilo _ 7. human _ 8. potato _ 9. Chinese _ 10. shelf _11.

10、 Japanese _ 12. American_13. life _ 14. tooth _15. wife _ 16. foot _ 17. knife _ 18. sheep _19. half _ 20.key_matchesmenGermanstomatoespolicemenkiloshumanspotatoesChineseshelvesJapaneseAmericanslivesteethwivesfeetknivessheephalveskeys3.3.合成名詞的復數方式：合成名詞的復數方式： 有主體時，主體變為復數有主體時，主體變為復數 father-in-law fath

11、ers-in-law ( father-in-law fathers-in-law (岳父，公公岳父，公公無主體時，結尾加無主體時，結尾加“ s “ s grown-up grown-ups grown-up grown-ups 成年人成年人 go-between go-betweens go-between go-betweens 媒介者媒介者; ;中間人中間人 假設其中有假設其中有manman或者或者womanwoman，那么兩個都要變復數，那么兩個都要變復數 woman doctor women doctors woman doctor women doctors man doctor

12、men doctors man doctor men doctorsCan you try?把以下名詞變復數方式：looker-on woman singer sister-in-law man cookpasser-by housewifebride-to-be woman doctorschoolroomlookers-onwomen singerssisters-in-lawmen cookspassers-byhousewivesbrides-to-bewomen doctorsschoolrooms名詞 n.Period 2 1、orange_ 2、class_ 3、text _ 4

13、、monkey_ 5、piano_ 6、child_ 7、shelf _ 8、bed_ 9、country_ 10、family_ 11、toy _ 12、foot _ 13、Japanese_14、radio_ 15、photo_ 16. army_ 17.cattle_ 18.Australian_Brainstorm!orangesclassestextsmonkeyspianoschildrenshelvesbedscountriesfamiliestoysfeetJapaneseradiosphotosarmiescattleAustraliansLets learn more!不可

14、數名詞的量的表達：不可數名詞的量的表達：可以加上一個表示數量的修飾詞來表示它的數量可以加上一個表示數量的修飾詞來表示它的數量,如如:a piece of, a cup of, a bag of, a glass of, a kilo of一張紙一張紙 a piece of paper三張紙三張紙 three pieces of paper 一包大米一包大米 a bag of rice十包大米十包大米 ten bags of rice*可數名詞也可以這樣表達量可數名詞也可以這樣表達量,但要用復數方式：但要用復數方式：a box of books five bags of applesten ki

15、los of oranges也就是短語里面可數名詞要變復數的都變復數哦！常用量詞總結常用量詞總結a glass of 一玻璃杯 a cup of 一杯a bottle of 一瓶 a bag of 一包，一袋a box of 一盒；一箱 a piece of 一張(一片,塊)a kilo of 一公斤；一千克a basket of 一籃 a pair of 一對，一雙，一副a group of 一群，一隊，一組Lets try!1、三杯水 2、五杯茶 3、一公斤米4、二十箱書5、三籃子蔬菜 6、八雙鞋子7、十杯牛奶 8、五塊肉 9、一副眼鏡 three glasses of waterfive

16、 cups of teaa kilo of ricetwenty boxes of booksthree baskets of vegetableseight pairs of shoesten glasses of milkfive pieces of meata pair of glasses名詞一切格：1) 普通情況加普通情況加 -s：childrens books 兒童圖書兒童圖書 todays paper 今天的報紙今天的報紙(2) 帶詞尾帶詞尾-s的復數名詞只加的復數名詞只加 ()：girls school 女子學校女子學校 the Smiths car 史密斯家的小汽車史密斯家的

17、小汽車3留意以下情況：留意以下情況：Toms and Jims rooms 湯姆和吉姆湯姆和吉姆(各自各自)的房間的房間Tom and Jims room 湯姆和吉姆湯姆和吉姆(共同共同)的房間的房間一一.用名詞一切格填空：用名詞一切格填空：1.They are going to their _ home.(grandparents)2.The _ shoes are behind the door.( boy)3.This shop sells _ clothes only. ( men)4.Those are my _ cars. ( friends)5.We are cleaning t

18、he _ stables. (horses)Exercisesgrandparentsboysmensfriendshorses6. Do you know where this _ handbag is ? ( lady)7. Many of my _ houses were robbed. ( neighbours)8.The _ uniforms are red. ( player)9.These are the _ toys. ( children)ladysneighboursplayerschildrens1. _ room is next to their parents. A.

19、 Kates and Joans B. Kates and Joan C. Kate and Joans D. Kate and Joan2.June 1 is _. A. childrens day B. childrens Day C. Childrens Day D. Childrens day 3. - Whose room is this? - Its _. A. Li Ming B. Li Mings C. Li Mings D. Li Mings 4.The woman over there is _ mother.A. Julia and Shelleys B. Julias

20、and ShelleysC. Julia and Shelley D. Julias and Shelley 二二.選擇填空：選擇填空：+ English is spoken by many people in the world. + 主語+ This is a pencil-box. 表語+ I like English, but I like Chinese better. 賓語+ Our English teacher is drinking water. 定語+ Mr. Black, our teacher, is from England. 同位語+ I am going to s

21、ee a film this evening. 狀語+ Miss Wang is considered a good teacher. 補語+ 主語，表語，賓語，定語，同位語，狀語，補語Exercises P331.主語2.表語3.狀語4.同位語5.賓語Review：一.變復數： 1. Chinese _ 2. shelf _ 3. Russian _ 4. American_ 5. life _ 6. tooth _7. deer _ 8. piano_9.mouse_ 10.goose_11.hero_ 12.Swiss_ChineseshelvesRussiansAmericansliv

22、esteethdeerpianosmicegeeseheroesSwiss一玻璃杯一茶杯一瓶一包，一袋一盒；一箱一張(一片,塊)一公斤；一千克一籃子一對，一雙，一副一群，一隊，一組a glass of二、常用量詞總結二、常用量詞總結a cup ofa bottle ofa bag ofa box ofa piece ofa kilo ofa basket ofa pair ofa group of1. Today is September 10th. Its _ Day. A. Teacher B. Teachers C. Teachers D. Teacher 2. This is _ ba

23、ll. Its not _ . A. the boys, girls B. the boys, the girls C. the boy, the girl D. boys, girls 3. This year, _ is on May 9th. A. my mothers brithday B. my mothers brithday C. my mothers brithday D. my motherss brithday4. These are _ books. Li Lin bought some at the Sun Bookstore and Jill bought some

24、at the Blue Sky Bookstore. A. Li Lins and Jill B. Li Lin and Jills C. Li Lins and Jill D. Li Lins and Jills 三、名詞一切格三、名詞一切格動詞動詞 v.語法語法 Grammar一、概述 動詞是表示動作或形狀的詞。如： help，see，go，come, run, fly,look, seem, get, become,can,may動詞的根本方式1.動詞原形2.第三人稱單數3.如今分詞4.過去式和過去分詞Important！第三人稱單數第三人稱單數:1在動詞原形后加-s runruns 2

25、以ch, sh, s, o, x結尾的動詞后加-es teachteacheswashwashesgogoes passpasses 3以輔音字母+y結尾的動詞，先將y變為i，再加-es trytries fly flies過去式與過去分詞規那么變化過去式與過去分詞規那么變化 1.在動詞原形后加-ed; 詞尾有e的加-d. work-workedlike-liked2.以輔音字母+y結尾的動詞，先將y變為i再加-ed carry-carriedstudy-studied3以重讀閉音節一個輔音字母結尾的動詞，先雙寫再加-ed stop-stoppedrob-robbedExercises按要求寫

26、出動詞的方式:1.wash2.match3.stop4.make5.read6.play7.watch8.guess第三人稱單數第三人稱單數如今分詞如今分詞過去式過去式過去分詞過去分詞原形原形washeswashing washedwashedmatchesmatching matched matchedstopsstoppingstoppedstoppedmakesmakingmademadereadsreadingreadreadplaysplayingplayedplayedwatches watching watched watchedguessesguessing guessedgu

27、essed 9.study10.finish11.go12.snow13.carry14.teach15.do16.say原形原形第三人稱單數第三人稱單數如今分詞如今分詞過去式過去式過去分詞過去分詞studiesstudied studiedstudyingfinishes finishing finished finishedgoesgoingwentgonesnows snowing snowed snowedcarries carrying carriedcarriedteaches teachingtaughttaughtdoesdoingdiddonesayssayingsaidsa

28、id動詞Period 2&3Lets review what we learned yesterday! 1.destroy2.catch3.dance4.worry5.get6.wash7.sing8e原形原形第三人稱單數第三人稱單數如今分詞如今分詞過去式過去式過去分詞過去分詞 destroysdestroyeddestroyingcatchescatchingcaughtcaughtdancesdancingdanceddancedworrysworryingworriedworriedgetsgettinggotgotwashes washing washedwashedsing

29、ssingingsangsungcomescoming camecomedestroyed動詞的時態動詞的時態普通如今時普通如今時普經過去時普經過去時普通未來時普通未來時如今完成時如今完成時如今進展時如今進展時過去進展時過去未來時過去完成時1、普通如今時的標志詞： every時間狀語如every day,on Sundays, at the weekend, often, always, sometimes, usually，沒標志等。如：She does her homework every day. My father usually goes to work by bus.2、普經過去時

30、的標志詞： yesterday; “in + 過去年、月份，last短語；ago短語；just now, once(從前)。如：I went to see a film yesterday. She worked in that factory last year.用適當的動詞方式填空：用適當的動詞方式填空：Exercises 1. There _ a telephone call for you just now. (be)2. People usually _ (eat) dinner in the evening . 3. His sister always_(go) to school

31、 at 7:00 a.m . 4.Tom and Mary _ (come) to China last month. 5.Jenny and Danny sometimes_(play) games in the afternoon . 6.Mike _(not go) to bed until 12 oclock last night.waseatgoescameplaydidnt go7.My mother _ (not do) housework yesterday.8. She _(not visit) her aunt two days ago. 9. There _ (be) n

32、o one here a moment ago. 10. Lin Tao _ (like) his new sweater .11. There _( be not) any hospitals in my hometown (家鄉家鄉) in 1940.12. Where _you_(have)lunch every day? didnt dodidnt visitwaslikeswerent dohave3、 普通未來時的標志詞：tomorrow(morning); next 時間狀語；soon; “in+一段時間；“in + 未來年、月份；before longMary will go

33、shopping tomorrow.Jane is going to travel abroad in two days.4、 如今進展時的標志詞：now; these days; look(at); listen(to)等Look! The cat is chasing the mouse.My sister is doing her homework now.Exercises !1.He _(come)back in a week.2.She_(be)a conductor of a train soon.3.Listen! She_(sing )in the classroom.4.

34、Li Ming _(be)ten years old next year.5.Look!The boy over there_(play) a model plane.6.China _(become)a modern and strong country before long.will comewill beis singingwill beis playingwill become7.We often_(buy)books and things like that in the shop. 8.I _leavein a minute. I _finishall my work befor

35、e I _ leave.9.-What are you doing? -I_(do) my homework.10. The day after tomorrow they _(watch) a volleyball match.11.They _(hold) a birthday party this Sunday.12._you _(work) hard from now on?buywill leavewill finishleaveam doingwill watchwill holdWill work5、如今完成時的標志詞：already; yet; just; ever; neve

36、r; “for +一段時間，“since短語或從句等I have already spent all of my money. We have seen that film before. Exercises !I already (see) the film. I_ (see) it last week.2. he (finish) his work today? Not yet. 3. you (be) to Hong Kong? Yes, I _ (be) there twice.4.My father just (come) back from work. He is tired no

37、w.5. Wheres Li Ming? He (go) to the teachers office.haveseenHasfinishedHavebeenhave beenhascomehas gonesaw6. I (work) here since I (move) here in 2019.7. So far I (make) quite a few friends here.8. How long the Wangs (stay) here ? For two weeks.have workedmovedhave madehavestayedRemember?What have w

38、e learned?Lets review again!1、普通如今時的標志詞： every時間狀語如every day,on Sunday, at the weekend, often, always, sometimes, usually，沒標志等。如：She does her homework every day. My father usually goes to work by bus.2、普經過去時的標志詞： yesterday; “in + 過去年、月份，last短語；ago短語；just now, once(從前)。如：I went to see a film yesterda

39、y. She worked in that factory last year.3、 普通未來時的標志詞：tomorrow(morning); next 時間狀語；soon; “in+一段時間；“in + 未來年、月份；before longMary will go shopping tomorrow.Jane is going to travel abroad in two days.4、 如今進展時的標志詞：now; these days; look(at); listen(to)等Look! The cat is chasing the mouse.My sister is doing

40、her homework now.5、如今完成時的標志詞：already; yet; just; ever; never; “for +一段時間，“since短語或從句等I have already spent all of my money. We have seen that film before. Come on! Try again!Exercises 用動詞的適當方式填空：用動詞的適當方式填空：1. Tom _ (not listen) to the radio every morning. 2. I _ (come) to see you again before long. 3. _ your uncle _ (have) a meeting last Friday? 4. How many classes _ you _ (have) every day? 5. Its seven in the evening, Toms family _ (watch) TV. 6. Listen! Who _singin the next room? doesnt listenwill comeDidhavedohaveare watchingis singing7.