Unit1BusinessKaleidoscope1Workinpairs.talkaboutbusinessactivitiesshowninthepicturesbelow.aThispictureshowsasceneinasupermarket.Asoneofmodernretailoutlets,thesupermarketplaysanimportantroleintheretailingbusiness.Thispictureshowsanassemblylineinacarfactory.Car-makingisoneofthemostimportantsectorsofthemanufacturingbusiness.Thispictureshowsthatahotelreceptionistisreceivingguests.Hotelreceptionisavitalpartofhotelservice.Thispictureshowsacabinattendantprovidingdrinkstopassengers.Airtransportationprovidestheserviceoftransportingpassengersand/orcargousingaircrafts,suchasairplanes.Thispictureshowsaharvestergatheringgraininthefields.Farmingreferstograingrowing,livestockraisingandhorticulture.Farmingisaprimaryindustry.

Thispictureshowsabankinoperation.Bankisconcernedwiththebusinessofprovidingfinancialservicestoconsumersandbusinesses.Thispictureshowsaconstructionsite.Buildingandconstructionrefertotheprocessofaddingastructuretorealproperty.Itisasecondaryindustry.Thispictureshowsarealestateagency.Realestaterentalisconcernedwithrentingorleasingrealestateandprovidingrelatedservices.2Businessactivityinvolvesproducingandsellinggoodsandservices.Accordingtowhattheyproduce,businessescanbeclassifiedintogoods-producing,service-providingoracombinationofboth.egbakeryshoefactorytravelagencybank3Workinpairs.discusswhattypeofbusinessyouthinkthefollowingcompaniesareengagedinWal-MartStoresInc.(brandedaswalmart)isanAmericanpubliccorporationthatisengagedintheretailingbusiness.Itrunsachainoflarge,discountdepartmentstores.Itistheworld’slargestpubliccorporationbyrevenue,accordingtothe2008FortuneGlobal500.McDonald’sCorporationistheworld’slargestchainofhamburgerfastfoodrestaurants.LenovoGroupLimitedisamultinationaltechnologycorporationthatdevelops,manufacturesandmarketsdesktopandlaptoppersonalcomputers,workstations,servers,storagedrivers,ITmanagementsoftwareandrelatedservices.AirChinaistheonlyairlinecompanywhichcarriesthenationalflag.AirChinatakestheresponsibilityofspecialplanetaskforChinesenationalleadersvisitingabroad,andforeignleadersandgovernmentalleadersvisitingChina,whichdemonstratestheexclusivestatusasthenationalflagcarrier.ItbecameamemberofStarAllianceinDecember2007anditleadsdomesticcounterpartsinpassengerandfreightairtransportandrelatedservices.Chery

Auromobileisanautomobilemanufacturer.ItisthelargestindependentChineseautomanufacturerandoneofthefastestgrowingautomakersintheworld.HolidayInnisabrandofhotelswithintheInter-ContinentalHotelsGroupWordsandexpressionstertiary

英

['t???(?)r?]

美

['t???'?ri]

n.第三紀；第三修道會會員；第三級教士adj.第三的；第三位的；三代的tertiarysector

第三產業部門;第三產業;tertiaryeducation高等教育，大學教育engage

英

[?n'ge?d?;en-]

美

[?n'ɡed?]

vt.吸引，占用；使參加；雇傭；使訂婚；預定vi.從事；答應Ihaveneverengagedindrugtrafficking.我從來沒有從事過販毒。Theytriedtoengagehiminconversation.他們試圖使他加入談話。Shefoundithardtoengagewithofficelife.她發現難以融入辦公室生活。complicate

英

['k?mpl?ke?t]

美

['kɑmpl?ket]

vt.使復雜化；使惡化；使卷入Whatcomplicatestheissueistheburdenofhistory.使問題復雜化是歷史的重負。I

think

that

isbecause

we

unnecessarily

complicate

it.

我想這是因為我們不必要地將生活復雜化了。

wholesale

英

['h??lse?l]

美

['holsel]

批發的；大規模的Warehouseclubsallowmemberstobuygoodsatwholesaleprices.倉儲式會所允許會員以批發價購買商品。wholesalemarket批發市場wholesaleprice批發價格wholesalebusiness批發業務，批發生意wholesaletrade批發貿易Hedoes

wholesale

business,while

his

brother

is

engagedin

retail

business.

他經營批發生意，

他弟弟則經營零售生意。define

英

[d?'fa?n]

美

[d?'fa?n]

vt.定義；使明確；規定This

word

ishardto

define.

此詞難下定義。attempt

英

[?'tem(p)t]

美

[?'t?mpt]n.企圖，試圖；攻擊vt.企圖，試圖；嘗試attempttodosomething努力...；試圖...He

gaveup

the

attempt

in

despair.

他在絕望中放棄了這種嘗試。inturn

輪流，依次We

will

examine

eachof

these

methods

in

turn.

我們將按照順序依次分析這些方法。institutional

英

[?nst?'tju??(?)n(?)l]

美

[,?nst?'tu??nl]

adj.制度的；制度上的institutionalfactor

制度因素;體制因素

Institutionalinnovations

制度創新

namely

英

['ne?ml?]

美

['nemli]

adv.也就是；即是；換句話說efficient

英

[?'f??(?)nt]

美

[?'f??nt]

adj.有效率的；有能力的；生效的energyefficient節能efficientproduction有效生產efficientmarket有效市場But

howcan

we

be

more

efficient?

可是我們怎么才能更有效率呢？charity

英

['t??r?t?]

美

['t??r?ti]

n.慈善；施舍；慈善團體；寬容；施舍物charityevent

慈善賽;慈善事件;慈善活動;慈悲賽charityschool

慈善學校;貧民學校charityinstitution

慈善機構charitysale義賣Hemadesubstantialdonationstocharity.他做了大量的慈善捐贈。Herhusbandisunemployedandthefamilydependsoncharity.她的丈夫失業了，全家靠救濟度日。minimization

[,m?n?m?'ze??n]

n.減到最小限度；估到最低額；輕視costminimization

成本極小化;成本最小化;lossminimization

損失極小化;損失最小化Wehadabouttenhours'warning,sowewereabletominimizetheeffectsoftheflood.由于在十小時前發出了警報，我們能夠把水災的破壞減至最低程度。

expenditure

英

[?k'spend?t??;ek-]

美

[?k'sp?nd?t??]

n.支出，花費；經費，消費額capitalexpenditure

資本支出;資本開支;非經常開支;基建費用Nonbusinessexpenditure

營業外支出totalexpenditure

總支出;總開支;支出合計financialexpenditure

財政支出Annualexpenditure

年度支出;

raw

英

[r??]

美

[r?]

adj.生的；未加工的；陰冷的；刺痛的Weimportrawmaterialsandenergyandexportmainlyindustrialproducts.我們進口原材料和能源，主要出口工業產品。...apopulardishmadeofrawfish.…由生魚做的一道很受歡迎的菜肴。mining

英

['ma?n??]

美

['ma?n??]

n.礦業；采礦miningownership

采礦權...traditionalindustriessuchascoalminingandsteelmaking.…像采煤和煉鋼這樣的傳統工業。assemble

英

[?'semb(?)l]

美

[?'s?mbl]

vt.集合，聚集；裝配；收集vi.集合，聚集Therewasn'tevenaconvenientplaceforstudentstoassemblebetweenclasses.甚至沒有一個學生們課間集合的方便的地方。assembleline作業的裝配線Thecaptain

called

the

men

to

assemble.隊長命令部隊集合。invisible

英

[?n'v?z?b(?)l]

美

[?n'v?z?bl]

adj.無形的，看不見的；Invisiblehand

看不見的手;無形之手

Translation1Businessreferstotheactivitiesofproducing,purchasingandsellinggoodsandservices.2Thiscompanyismainlyengagedincarselling.3Are