1、必修 4Un it 3 A taste of En glish humour李仕才、閱讀理解If you thi nk that running maratho ns will help you live a long and healthy lifenew research may come as a shock. According to a recent scientific study , people who do a very strenuous workoutare as likely todie as people who do no exercise at all.Scien

2、tists in Denmark have been studying over 1, 000 joggers and non-joggers for12 years. The death rates from the sample group in dicate that people who jog at amoderate pace two or three times a week for less tha n two and a half hours in totalare least likely to die. The best speed to jog at was found

3、 to be about 5 miles per hour. The research suggests thatpeople who jog more tha n three times a week or athigher speeds of over 7 mph die at the same rate as non-joggers. The scientiststhinkthat this is because stre nu ous exercise causes structural cha nges to the heart andarteries（ 動(dòng)脈）.Over time

4、, this can cause serious injuries.Peter Schnohr , a researcher in Copenhagen,said，“ If your goal is to decreaserisk of death and improve life expectancy, jogging a few times a week at a moderatepace is a good strategy. Anything more is not just unnecessary , and it maybe harmful. ”The implicatio ns

5、of this are that moderate forms of exercise such as tai chiyoga and brisk walk ing may be better for us tha n “ iron man events , triathl ons andIong-distanee running and cycling. According to Jacob Louis Marott , another researcher involved in the study，“ Youdon t actually have to do that much to h

6、ave a good impact on your health. And perh aps you shouldnt actually do toomuch ”.I.The underlined word “strenuous ” in Paragraph l is closest in meaning toA. hardB.regularC. practicalD.flexible2._The author prese nts some figures in Paragraph 2to_.A. suggest givi ng up joggi ngB.show risks of doing

7、sportsC. provide supportive evide neeD.in troduce the research process, why is too much exercise harmful3.Accord ing to the scientistsA. It may injure the heart and arteries.B. It can make the body tired out.C. It will bring much pressure.D. It con sumes too much en ergy.4.What can be in ferred from

8、 the text?A. No exercise at all is the best choice.B. More exercise means a healthier life.C. Maratho ns runners are least likely to die.D. Proper exercise con tributes to good health.【文章大意】本文主要講述了做運(yùn)動(dòng)過多或過少都對(duì)身體有害，只有做適量的運(yùn)動(dòng)才對(duì)身體有益。1.A【解析】考查詞義推測(cè)。hard 耗費(fèi)體力的；regular 有規(guī)律的；practical 實(shí)際的；flexible靈活的。由第一段最后一句A

9、ccordingto a recent scientificstudy， people who doa very strenuous workout are as likelyto die as people who do no exercise at all. ”可知，一點(diǎn)不做運(yùn)動(dòng)的人和非常艱苦鍛煉的人都極有可能死，故應(yīng)選A。2-C【解析舄查推理判斷。第二段所舉的例子主要是為了證明第一段最后一句沁1僱現(xiàn)張rttMBSstudy, peo砌粘社o do a ve守SEremwus workout are as likely die as people do no exercise al al?

10、7,故在第二段舉一些數(shù)字壬要是提供有力的證擔(dān)，故慮選亡。3. A【解析】考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。由第二段倒數(shù)第二句The scientiststhink that this is becausestrenuous exercise causes structural changes to the heart and arteries（ 動(dòng)脈）.”可知，做過多的運(yùn)動(dòng)有害是因?yàn)樗赡軅π呐K和動(dòng)脈，故應(yīng)選Ao4. D【解析】考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段可知，做運(yùn)動(dòng)過多或過少都對(duì)身體有害，只有做適量的運(yùn)動(dòng)才對(duì)身體有益，故應(yīng)選D。二、完形填空Whe n I was youn g, like you, I had a

11、 dream. But my dream was nt like that of an1 kid. Itwas to be thebest tennisplayer2 simplythe bestfemaleonein the world._3_, i1 had a familyen couragi ng meto follow my dream.I lear nedhow importa ntit is to 4a dream and to dream big.My fightbegan when1 was threeand I have nttake n a _5_ sin ce.But

12、too often, most wome n are not supported or are _6_ from choos ing theirpath. I hope it could be changed. For me, it was a _7_ of resilienee（堅(jiān)忍）. WhatA. It may injure the heart and arteries.B. It can make the body tired out.others marked as _8_ about me my race, my gen der I accepted as fuel for mys

13、uccess. I n ever let anything or anyone _9_ me. I cgn trolled my future.When it comes to equal pay, it frustrates me _10_ I know first-ha ndthat gender differences exist. I would 11 want my daughter to be paid less than my son for the same work. Wome nhave to _12_ many barriers to success. One istha

14、t we are con sta ntly _13_ we are not men. People call me one of the“worldsgreatest female athletes ” . Why dont they say LeBron is one of the worlds best male athletes? We should n ever letthis go _14_. We should be judged by our achieveme nts but not _15_.For everyth ing I have achieved, I am _16_

15、 tohave experie need the highs andlows that come _17_ success. I hope my story will be a(n)_18_ for womento fight for their dreams. We must _19_ to dream big, and in doing so, we en able the n ext gen eratio n of wome n tobe _20_ in their pursuit.【文章大意】本文是一篇記敘文。作者以自己的事為例呼吁全體女性勇敢追求成功，為爭(zhēng)取性別平等而不懈努力。1.

16、A.ambitious B . excellentC. average D . energetic答案與解析：C 根據(jù)第一段第三句It was to be the best tennis player”以及倒數(shù)第二段People call me. Why dont they say LeBron is one of the worlds best male athletes ? ”可知，此處指作者說自己小時(shí)候的理想與普通孩子的是不同的，故選 average 普通的，一般的”。ambitious 有野心的，有雄心的”；excellent優(yōu)秀的”；en ergetic 精力充沛的”。2. A.in

17、stead of B. regardless ofC. other thanD . more than答案與解析：A 結(jié)合本文主旨以及倒數(shù)第二段中的People call me one of theworlds greatest female athletes . Whydont they say LeBron is one of the worlds best male athletes ? ”可知，作者希望男女平等，所以作者在此強(qiáng)調(diào)的是自己的理想是做 世界上最好的網(wǎng)球運(yùn)動(dòng)員，而不是最好的女網(wǎng)球運(yùn)動(dòng)員。in stead of “而不是”；regardlessof 不管，不顧”；other t

18、han 除了”； more than 多于，超出”。3. A.Hopefully B. FortunatelyC. Obviously D . Generally答案與解析：B幸運(yùn)的是(Fortunately)，作者有鼓勵(lì)她追尋自己的夢(mèng)想的家人。此處亦與第三段中的But too often , most women are not supported.”形成對(duì)比。hopefully有希望地”；obviously 明顯地”；gen erally 普遍地”。4. A.make up B . set up答案與解析： D 根據(jù)下文中的“ My fight began when. ”“ fightfo

19、r their dreams”可知，這里指作者知道了為夢(mèng)想而努力是多么重要。push for “為而努力，力爭(zhēng)”。makeup “編造，構(gòu)成”；set up “設(shè)立，建立”；care for “照顧”。5 A.riskB leaveCbreak D chance答案與解析：C作者從三歲時(shí)就開始為理想奮斗，自此一直從未間斷。break “暫停，中斷”，符合語境。6A.defendedB excusedCdiscouragedD dismissed答案與解析：C但是通常，大多數(shù)女性不被支持，或者被阻止去選擇自己的道路。discourage “阻止，阻撓”，符合語境。 defend “保衛(wèi)，保護(hù)”；

20、 excuse “同意免除” ； dismiss“去除，摒除”。7 A.thought B questionCmoment D bonus答案與解析： B 作者希望這種境況可以改變，在作者看來，這是有關(guān)“堅(jiān)忍”的問題(question)。thought “想法”；moment時(shí)刻”；bonus “意外收獲，獎(jiǎng)金”。8A.disadvantagesB concernsCqualifications D personalities答案與解析：A根據(jù)下文中的“ my race, my gender ”“ | accepted as fuel for mysuccess ”可知，此處指被別人列為作者的

21、劣勢(shì)(disadva ntages)的東西，比如她的種族，她的性別，作者將它們視為追求成功的動(dòng)力。 concern “擔(dān)憂” ； qualification “資格”； personality“個(gè)性”。9 A.ignoreB attackCcomfort D limit答案與解析：D根據(jù)下文中的“ I controlled my future.”可知，作者從不讓任何事或任何人來限制自己，而是自己主宰自己的未來。 limit “限制”，符合語境。10A.although B becauseC unless D if答案與解析： B 當(dāng)談起同工同酬問題時(shí)， 作者感到懊惱， 因?yàn)樗约河H身體驗(yàn)到性別

22、差 異的存C care for Dpush for在。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，前后句之間是因果關(guān)系，且前面是果，后面是因。故用because。11A.ever B evenC never D just答案與解析： C 根據(jù)語境可知， 作者永遠(yuǎn)不希望看到干了同樣的工作， 女兒得到的報(bào)酬 卻比兒子的少。 never “從不，絕不”。12 A.break downB take afterC lay asideD put away答案與解析：A為了獲取成功，女性不得不打破許多障礙。 break down “打破，消除”， 符合語境。take after “追趕，跟蹤”；lay aside “留存?zhèn)溆茫?放

23、在一邊”；putaway “猛吃，積蓄，把收起來”。13 A.informedB remindedC assuredD criticized答案與解析：B其中一個(gè)障礙就是總有人提醒我們不是男性。remi nd “提醒，使想起”，符合語境。 inform “通知，告知”； assure “使確信”； criticize “批判”。14A.unchallengedB unpunishedC uncompleted D uncontrolled答案與解析： A 根據(jù)語境可知， 作者在此想表達(dá)的是女性不能對(duì)此置之不理， 而要敢于 質(zhì)疑。unchallenged “不被懷疑的，完全接受的，沒有異議的”，

24、符合語境。unpunished “未 受懲罰的”；uncompleted “未完成的” ； uncontrolled “未受控制的，不加約束的”。15A.appearanceB positionC backgroundD gender答案與解析： D 對(duì)我們的評(píng)價(jià)應(yīng)該依據(jù)我們的成就而不是我們的性別。 gender “性別” ， 符合語境。appearanee “外貌”；position “職位”；background “出身背景，學(xué)歷”。16A.superiorB gratefulC indifferentD preferable答案與解析：B作者從心底里感謝已經(jīng)經(jīng)歷過的伴隨成功而來的起起伏伏

25、。grateful “感激的，表示感謝的”，符合語境。 superior “更好的，占優(yōu)勢(shì)”； indifferent “不感興趣，漠不關(guān)心”； preferable “更可取的，更合適的”。17 A.withB throughC from D beyond答案與解析： A 參見上題解析。 with “和，隨著”，符合語境。18 A.intention B inspirationC solution Dexpectation答案與解析： B 作者希望她的故事可以激勵(lì)女性為她們的夢(mèng)想而奮斗。 inspiration “鼓 舞人心的人 （或事物 ），使人產(chǎn)生動(dòng)機(jī)的人 （或事物）”，符合語境。 in

26、tention “意圖”； solution “解決方法”； expectation “期待”。19 A.pauseBagreeC . promise D . continue答案與解析：D女性必須繼續(xù)心懷遠(yuǎn)大的理想，這樣做的話，我們就給予下一代女性力量，給予她們追求成功的勇氣。下文中的the next generation”是暗示。continue 繼續(xù)”，符合語境。20. A.expert B . enthusiasticC. brave D . lear ned答案與解析：C參見上題解析。expert 內(nèi)行的，經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富的”；enthusiastic熱情的”；brave 勇敢的”；lear

27、ned 有學(xué)問的，博學(xué)的”。三、七選五A garden that s just right for youHave you ever visited a garde n that seemed just right for you, where theatmosphere of the garde n appeared to total more tha n the sum（總禾口） of its parts?1_. But it does n t happe n by accide nt. It starts with look ing in side yourself and un der

28、sta nding who you are withrespect to the n atural world and how you approach the garde ning process. 2Some people may think that a garde n is no more tha n pla nts, flowers, patter nsand masses of color. Others are concerned about using gardening methods that require less water and fewer fertilizers

29、（月肥料）.3 .However, there are a nu mber ofother reasons that might explain why you want to garden. One of them comes from our earliest years. Recall（回憶）your childhood memoriesOur model of what a garden should be often goes back to childhood. Grandma srose garden and Dad s vegetable garden might be goo

30、d or bad, but that s not what s importa nt.4 howbeing in those garde ns made us feel. If you d liketo build a powerful bond with your garde n, start by tak ing some time to recall the garde ns of your youth.5. Then go outside and work out a pla n to tran slateyour childhood memories into your grow n

31、-up garde n. Have fun.A. Know why you garde nB. Find a good place for your own garde nC. It s our experienee of the garden that mattersD. It s delightful to see so many beautiful flowersE. Still others may simply enjoy being outdoors and close to pla ntsF. You can produce that kind of magical qualit

32、y in your own garde n, tooG. For each of those garde ns, write dow n the stron gest memory you have【語篇解讀】本文屬于說明文，美麗的花園能給我們帶來美好的視覺享受，文章中給出了兩個(gè)自己建設(shè)花園的具體建議。1.F【解析】考查上下文的銜接。根據(jù)文章首句及下文的But it doesn t happen byaccident 可知，這里是在講你是否曾去過一個(gè)花園.但是它不是偶然發(fā)生的。故 F 項(xiàng)You can produce that kind of magical quality in your o

33、wn garden, too 符合語境。2A解析考查子標(biāo)題o根據(jù)下文中的”迅number of other reasons that might explain why you want to gar&n”可知，本段的主題應(yīng)與你想要種植花園的原因有關(guān)故選A項(xiàng)。3.E【解析】考查上下文的銜接。根據(jù)上文的 Somepeople may think.和Othersare con cerned about.可知此處表達(dá)的是人們種植花園的不同原因，而E 項(xiàng)中的Still others may simply enjoy.與上下文銜接自然，故選E 項(xiàng)。4. C【解析】考查上下文的銜接。根據(jù)上文的.but t

34、hat s notwhat s important 和下文中的how bei ng in those garde ns made us feel可知此處講的應(yīng)是什么是重要的，故 C 項(xiàng)符合語境。5. G【解析】考查上下文的銜接。上文的the garde ns of your youth 以及下文的yourchildhood memories 與 G 項(xiàng)中的 those garde ns 和the stron gestmemory youhave 相呼應(yīng)，故選 G 項(xiàng)。四、短文語法填空With the developme nt of moder n society and high tech n

35、o logy, childre n wear moreand more beautiful and fashi on able clothes. More childre n 1 _(allow) to choose theirfavorite clothes, which is 2 relatively new trend. Many years ago, children had tosuffer the whims(突發(fā)奇想)of adults as far as clothes were concerned. Like 3_(adult)clothes, children s clothes followed fashions as well. About 120 years 4_, boys inEurope and America wore white ankle-length dresses, just like their sisters, untilthey 5_(reach) the age of five. Older boys from wealthy 6_ (family) were then dressedin pretty velvet(絲絨)suits 7 lace collars. Their hair was grown to sho