1、大學(xué)英語六級聽力破題指導(dǎo)：短對話與長對話聽力概況在四、六級考試中,聽力部分從2006年6月起由過去20%的比例上升為35%,有消息稱, 國家四六級出題委員會即將在2012年左右全面推行計算機四六級考試。其中，聽力部分將 到70%的內(nèi)容。六級聽力題目構(gòu)成與比例小對話：8%選擇題共8道對話，每題長約1分鐘長對話：7%選擇題共2段對話，每段長約3分鐘聽力短文：10%選擇題 共3篇文章，每篇長約3分鐘復(fù)合式聽寫:10%聽寫填空填8個單詞和三句話，放音三遍，共計8分鐘聽力位于考試的卷二部分，共占全卷35%。07年六級考試改革后，聽力考試的對話部分 在以往單一短對話的基礎(chǔ)上增加了長對話的內(nèi)容。具屮短對話部

2、分由原來的10題減至8題; 長對話有兩篇，每篇題量在3至4題一共7題;不過對話部分題日總數(shù)保持不變，還是15 個。新增的長對話持續(xù)時間約6分鐘，說話者的語速約為150-170詞/分鐘。該部分共15 題，每題計1分，共15分。總的來說，題目的總量增加了，做題時間增加了，本身對學(xué)生是否能夠長時間的集屮聽力注意力就增加了考驗。 關(guān)于六級短對話除了和四級相同的一些視聽反向原則（即聽到的單詞和短語要慎選）和同義詞替換原則 （即準(zhǔn)確答案經(jīng)常是原文的同義詞語的替換）z外，六級的小對話在出題方向上出現(xiàn)過一些明 顯的特點，總結(jié)如下：教授要求嚴(yán)格：例如布置作業(yè)很多、考試不容易過，上課要求準(zhǔn)時、講屎難度高等等;20

3、02年6月第9題：m: erh-erhlooks likeclark doesn，t start on timer m going to be a little today.late for class i hope pro.w: are you kidding? you can set your watch by the time he starts his class.q: what can be inferred about pro. clark?a) he wants his students to be on time for class.b) he doesn，t allow hi

4、s students to tell jokes in class.c) he is always punctual for his class.d) he rarely notices which students are late解析：男生說：可能我得遲到一會兒了，我希望clark教授今天沒有準(zhǔn)點開課。女生回 答：開玩笑吧，他每次開始上課（時間都很準(zhǔn)，以至于）你都町以對你的表。因此答案選c.2003年1月第6題w: professor smith, i really need the credits to graduate this summer.m: here at this schoo

5、l the credits are earned, not given.q: what do we 1 earn from the conversation?a) the man thinks the woman can earn the credits.b) the woman i s beggi ng the man to 1et her pass the exam.c) the woman has to attend a summer course to graduate.d) the woman is going to graduate from summer school.解析：女牛

6、說：教授，我需要這些學(xué)分才能暑假順利畢業(yè)。教授回答：這個學(xué)校的學(xué)分 是掙來的而不是給的。因此答案選b.另外：作業(yè)總是很重的負(fù)擔(dān)，需要了解的是，作業(yè)包括各種各樣的assignment > homework 以及 reading list02003年6月第8題m: mr. smith, our history professor, announced we would be doing two papers and three exams this semes ter. i won der how i'm going to pull through when two other co

7、urses have similar requirementsw: well, can，t you drop one course and pick it up next semester?q: what does the woman suggest the man do?a) do the assignments towards the end of the semester.b) quit the history course and choose another one insteadc) drop one course and do it next semester.d) take c

8、ourses with a 1ighter work!oad解析：男生抱怨道我們的歷史老師smith宣稱這個學(xué)期我們耍搞定兩份論文三次考試。 可是別的課程也有類似的耍求，我都不知道我該怎么去應(yīng)付了。女生建議道那你為什么不退 一門課呢?下學(xué)期再選也不遲啊。因此答案選c。預(yù)訂難以成功：房間、交通或演出的票、商品等都很難訂到或買到。m: i wonder whether it would be possible to change this double room to two single rooms.w: sorry, sir. all the single rooms are occupied

9、. but if you like, i can check with imperial hotel to see if they have any.q: what's the woman going to do for the man?a) let him move to a room with two single beds.b) check to see if there are any vacancies in her hotel.c) try to help him find rooms in another hotel.d) show him the way to impe

10、rial hotel.解析：中男生說：我不知道能不能把這個雙人間換成兩個單人間。女生回答：對不起先 牛，所有的單人間都訂滿了。如果你想耍的話，我可以給你查查帝國飯店看看它們有沒有。 因此答案選c。女生更愛學(xué)習(xí)、男生更愛娛樂：2000年1月第1題w: it's a pity you missed the concert yesterday evening. it was wonderful.m: i didn，t want to miss the football game well, i'm not a classical music fan anywa）q: what do

11、we learn from the conversation?a）the man was sorry to miss the football game.b）the man attended the concert, but didn't like it.c）the man was sorry that he didn，t attend the concert.d）the man is more interested in football than in classical music.解析：中男生說：你錯過了昨天晚上的音樂會真可惜。它很棒的。男生回答：我不想錯 過足球賽啊，況且我不

12、是一個古典音樂迷。因此答案選d。另外，交通工具容易遲到，邀約對方容易遭到拒絕（吃飯的邀請容易成功），事故中人不 會死亡1佃是生還等特色規(guī)律都可以在題冃中找到大量的佐證。關(guān)于六級長對話單就長對話而言,長對話作為八級聽力改革后的新題型體現(xiàn)了命題組對于考試改革的訴 求強調(diào)在實際環(huán)境屮的語言運用能力。涉及到的對話場景內(nèi)容非常廣泛，從校園生活到 生活屮的各種場景。學(xué)生可以通過抓住“信號詞”來判斷具體場景。經(jīng)常涉及到的場景有: 旅游（飛機，機場，出行準(zhǔn)備等），校園，工作面試，訪談等。例題：2008年12刀第一篇長對話22. a organixing protests c acting as its spo

13、kesman.b. recruiting members d saving endangered animals>23. a. antianimal-abuse demonstrations b anti-nuclear campaignsc. surveying the atlantic ocean floor d. removing industrial waste-24. a by harassing them c. by taking legal action.b. by appealing to the public d. by resorting to force.25. a

14、. doubtful b. reserved c indifferent. d supportive聽力原文：w: right, wel 1, in the studio this morning, for our interview spot is peter wilson（人名，重要）.peter works for green peace （特殊表達(dá),文章主題詞）.so, peter, wel com cm: thanks a lot. it's good to be here.w: great! now, peter, perhaps you can tel 1 us some

15、thing about green peace and your job there.（寒暄，為了迷惑考生，此處進(jìn)入正題）m: sure. well, v 11 start by telling you roughly what green peace is all about. i actually work in london for the green peace organization（人物職業(yè),22 題考點 1）. we've been going for a few decades and we，re a non-violent, non-political organi

16、zation we，re involved in anti-nuclear activity, conservation and protection of animals and protection and support of our eco-system. v m the action organizer and arrange any protests.（人物職業(yè)重復(fù)，22題考點。視聽基木一致原則。）w: right! a pretty important role. peter. what sort of protest would you organize?m: well, re

17、ce ntly we've bee n invo lved in anti - rm clear campaigns （問答關(guān)系， 23 題考點。視聽一致原則。）1, personally arranged for the demonstration against radioactive waste dumping in the atlantic ocean we've got a few smal1 green peace boats that we harass （特殊詞匯,首次出現(xiàn),24 題考點 2） the dumping ship with.w: say? hold

18、 on, petei thought you said your organization was non-violent what do you mean by "harass"?（重復(fù)核心詞，也是問題所在。問答關(guān)系。）m: wei 1, we circle round and round the ships and get in the way when they try to clump the drums of nuclear waste in the sea.（針對問題 harass 的具體|h|答，24 題 考點。）we talk to the men and

19、try to change, you know, yell at them to stop we generally make ourselves as much of a nuisanee as possible-m: well, people may think differently of your methods, but there's no doubt you' re doing a great job.（轉(zhuǎn)折詞 but+態(tài)度判斷詞 great, 25 題考點 4）, keep it up and good luck （繼續(xù)態(tài)度判斷）.and thanks for

20、talking with us.w: thanks for having me.q22 what is the man's chief responsibility in the green peace organization?q23. what has green peace been involved in recently?q24 how does green peace try to stop people from dumping nuclear waste? q25. what is the woman，s attitude towards the green peace

21、's campaigns? keys: abad 解析：做題的時候一定要和短文一樣對題冃的出題位置有明確的把握，位置感很重耍。-般而言，對話時，開頭的客套以及問候與結(jié)尾的道別結(jié)束語很少出題，而對話中段往往才 是重點。另外，本段長對話使用到了視聽基本一致的原則。24題的考法是長對話中最典型 的一種，就是針對動作行為進(jìn)行發(fā)問，考點在于考生需要聽明白人物發(fā)出的動作是什么，原 文的動詞harass和選項的harass是一摸一樣，屬于最簡單的考法，而幾原文重復(fù)兩次，因 此考牛對此即便是不知道harass是什么意思也能選對。25題的考法是一貫的長對話結(jié)尾題, 往往以態(tài)度判斷和結(jié)論作為考察對象，此題選項均為態(tài)度詞，很容易判斷，另外，注意到選 項呈現(xiàn)“三負(fù)一正”的格局，因此答案是顯然的。木段長對話的幾個特色詞匯也需要注意: harass指“騷擾”，綠色和平組織采取“和平騷擾”的方式，影響那些傾倒核廢料（dumping nuclear waste）的人們，而沒有采取訴諸武力（resorting force