形容詞、副詞比較級大多數(shù)形容詞（性質(zhì)形容詞）和副詞有比較級和最高級的變化，即原級、比較級和最高級，用來表示事物的等級差別。原級即形容詞的原形，比較級和最高級有規(guī)則變化和不規(guī)則變化兩種。1）規(guī)則變化構(gòu)成法 一般單音節(jié)詞末尾加-er，-est原級：tall（高的 great（巨大的）比較級：taller greater最高級：tallest greatest以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾的單音詞和少數(shù)以- le結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞只加-r，-st原級：nice（好的） large（大的） able（有能力的）比較級：nicer larger abler最高級nicest largest ablest以一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾的閉音節(jié)單音節(jié)詞，雙寫結(jié)尾的輔音字母，再加-er，-est原級：big（大的） hot（熱的）比較級：bigger hotter最高級：biggest hottest以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞，改y為i，再加-er，-est原級：easy（容易的） busy（忙的）比較級：easier busier最高級：easiest busiest少數(shù)以-er，-ow結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞未尾加-er，-est原級：clever（聰明的） narrow（窄的）比較級：cleverer narrower最高級：cleverest narrowest其他雙音節(jié)詞和多音節(jié)詞，在前面加more，most來構(gòu)成比較級和最高級。原級：important（重要的） easily（容易地）比較級：more important more easily最高級：most important most easily2）不規(guī)則變化原級：good（好的） bad（壞的） 比較級：better worse最高級：best worst副詞：1) 時(shí)間和頻度副詞: now, then, often, always, usually, early, today, lately, next, last, already, generally, frequently, seldom, ever, never ,yet ,soon ,too, immediately, hardly, finally, shortly, before, ago, sometimes, yesterday. 2) 地點(diǎn)副詞: here, there, everywhere, anywhere, in, out, inside, outside, above, below, down, back, forward, home, upstairs, downstairs, across, along, round , around, near, off, past, up, away, on. 3) 方式副詞: carefully, properly, anxiously, suddenly, normally, fast, well, calmly, politely, proudly, softly, warmly 4) 程度副詞: much ,little, very, rather, so, too, still, quite, perfectly, enough, extremely, entirely, almost, slightly. 5) 疑問副詞: how, when, where, why. 6) 關(guān)系副詞: when, where, why. 7) 連接副詞: how, when, where, why, whether.Asas的一般用法：其基本意思為“與一樣”，其中的第一個(gè)as為副詞，其后通常接形容詞或副詞(用原級)，第二個(gè)as可用作介詞(后接名詞或代詞)或連詞(后接從句)。使用時(shí)應(yīng)注意以下幾點(diǎn)。如：(1) 在否定句中，第一個(gè) as 也可換成 so。如：He doesnt study as so hard as his brother. 他學(xué)習(xí)不如他弟弟努力。(2) 在該結(jié)構(gòu)的兩個(gè)as之間通常接形容詞或副詞的原級，但若涉及數(shù)量或程度，可用“as much+不可數(shù)名詞+as”和“as many+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+as”。如：Youve made as many mistakes as I have. 你犯的錯(cuò)誤和我犯的一樣多。I havent got as much money as I thought. 我不像原來想像的有那么多錢。其間接形容詞時(shí)，有時(shí)該形容詞還可修飾另一名詞，但這個(gè)名詞應(yīng)帶有不定冠詞(注意詞序)。如：She is as good a teacher as her mother. 她和她媽媽一樣是位好老師。也可說。如：She is a teacher as good as her mother.但不說。如：She is as a good teacher as her mother. / They are as good teachers as us.“as + 形容詞或副詞原級 + as” 意為“和一樣”，表示同級的比較，但要注意第一個(gè) as 為副詞，第二個(gè) as 為連詞。根據(jù)比較對象和性質(zhì)的不同又可以把此種結(jié)構(gòu)分為三種：（一）“ as as 結(jié)構(gòu)”用于表示不同人或物同一性質(zhì)的比較，意為“和一樣 。例如The tree is as tall as the building(is) 這棵樹和那棟樓一樣高。（二）“ as as 結(jié)構(gòu)”用于表示同一個(gè)人或物不同性質(zhì)的比較，意為“既又” 。例如：This swimming pool is as wide as it is long.這個(gè)游泳池寬度和長度相等。比較級的幾種主要句法1、問人的句法：（要用形容詞比較級）陳述句：SuHai is older than SuYang. 一般疑問句：Is Su Hai older than Su Yang? 特殊疑問句：Who is older than SuYang? 選擇性的特殊疑問句：Who is older, Su Hai or Su Yang?2、問物的句法：（要用形容詞比較級） 陳述句：His ruler is longer than her ruler. 一般疑問句：Is his ruler longer than her ruler? 特殊疑問句：Whose ruler is longer than her ruler? 選擇性的特殊疑問句: Whose ruler is longer, his or hers?3、問動作的句法：（要用副詞比較級） 陳述句：Mike jumps higher than Ben. 一般疑問句：Does Mike jump higher than Ben? 特殊疑問句：Who jumps higher than Ben? 選擇性的特殊疑問句: Who jumps higher, Mike or Ben? 比較級句子中涉及到的人稱代詞和物主代詞的用法1、主格和賓格（原句） Mike is stronger than Nancy.（改一改）He is stronger than