PAGEPAGE1SectionⅤProjectFast-readingTrue(T)orFalse(F)．1．TheMingImperialTombsarelocatedinBeijingandNanjing.(T)2．TheMingTombhadagreateffectontheQingTombs.(T)3.ThegovernmenthasnotgivenseriousattentiontotheprotectionoftheMingandQingTombs.(F)SummaryImperialTombsTheMingandQingImperialTombsareamongthemostextraordinarycultural1.remainstobefoundanywhere.Theseworld-famoussitesareequaltothepyramidsin2.Egypt.Any3.visitortoChinashouldtrytoincludetheMingandQingTombsaspartofhisorhertour.ThemostpopularsitesoftheImperialTombsofChinaaretheMingTombs,mostofwhichcanbefound50kilometresnorth-westofBeijinginaplacecalledShisanling.TheQingTombsare4.apparentlyinfluencedbytheMingTombs,especiallyin5.termsofarchitectureandthe6.waytheyareplacedamongthe7.surroundingmountainsandvalleys.8．PreservingtheMingandQingTombshasbeengivenseriousattentionin9.recentdecades,the10.governmenthasstrengthenedregulationtoprotectthesehistoricsites.Ⅰ.高頻單詞A．依據(jù)所給詞性和漢語意思寫出單詞1．royaladj. 王室的，皇家的2．upperadj. 上邊的，上部的3．fragrantadj. 芳香的，芳香的4．brickn. 磚頭，磚塊5．civiliann. 平民6．registervt.&vi. 登記，注冊n. 登記表，注冊簿7．fragileadj. 易損的；易碎的；脆弱的8．stewardn. 管家；乘務員，服務員B．用所給單詞的適當形式填空9．Wedecoratedournewhousewithvariouslightsanditlooksbrilliantespeciallyintheevening.Thedecorationofthehousetookmonthstocomplete.(decoration)10．Itbecameapparentthatthecarhadanaccident,butfortunatelyshemanagedtoclimboutofthecar,apparentlyunhurt.(apparent)11．Therearestrictrulesregulatingtheuseofchemicalsinfood,butthecompanyisn'tstrictinenforcinghealthandsafetyregulations.(regulation)12．Travellingabroadwasaverystressfulexperience.Motherwarnedmetobemorecareful.Shesaidshecouldn'tstressenoughtheneedforsafety.(stress)13．LastweektheywenttoStLouistoexplore,buttheyhadnomapstoassistthem.Luckilyalocalfarmercametotheirassistance.(assistance)Ⅱ.重點短語1．preparefor 打算2．beequalto 與……相媲美；勝任3．a(chǎn)ttheheartof 在……的中心4．intermsof 在……方面；從……方面來說5．takeup 占據(jù)；起先從事6．mostimportantofall 最重要的是Ⅲ.經(jīng)典句型[句型展示]At_the_upper_end_of_the_Sacred_Way_is_Changling,_thelargestoftheMingTombs.在圣道的頂端是長陵，明朝最大的陵墓。[典例背誦]InalecturehallofauniversityinEnglandsataprofessor.在英格蘭一所高校的講堂里坐著一位教授。

1.decorationn．裝飾，裝潢；(復數(shù))裝飾品；勛章；獎章[教材原句]ManyofthedecorationsaremadefromafragranttypeofwoodnativetoChina,andtheflooriscoveredwith‘gold’bricks.全部的木質飾品都是用一種中國自產(chǎn)的香木制成的，地面鋪的是一種稱為“金磚”的優(yōu)質磚。①Whenwilltheyfinishthedecorationofthebathroom?他們什么時候才能把盥洗室裝飾好？②Theyareputtingupdecorationsforthefestival.他們在為節(jié)日布置裝飾品。decoratev． 裝飾，裝潢decorate...with 用……裝飾……③Thehallwasdecoratedwithflowers.大廳里裝飾著花朵。[即境活用1]Wewant________thewindow________flowers.A．decorate;with B．decorate;inC．todecorate;with D．todecorate;use解析：選C。decorate...with...“用……來裝飾”；wanttodo...“想要做……”。2．a(chǎn)pparentadj.明顯的，自不待言的；表面上的；未必真實的[教材原句]ItisapparentthattheQingTombsareinfluencedbytheMingTombs,especiallyintermsofarchitectureandthewaytheyareplacedamongthesurroundingmountainsandvalleys.尤其從陵墓的建筑風格以及它們被建于山間及河谷的方式來看，很明顯清朝的陵墓受到了明朝陵墓的影響。①Heseemstobeincalmfacingtheaccident,butthiscalmnessismoreapparentthanreal.面臨著這個事故，他看起來很鎮(zhèn)靜，但他的安靜只是表面上的，而不是真實的安靜。②Certainproblemswereapparentfromthebeginning.某些問題從一起先就是自不待言的。Itisapparentthat... ……是明顯的fornoapparentreason 不知什么緣由apparentlyadv. 明顯地③Itwasapparentthatshewasgoingtodie.很明顯，她快要死了。④Sheturnedtofacehim,herangerapparentlygone.她轉過身面對著他，似乎怒氣已經(jīng)消退了。[即境活用2]The________causeofhisillnesswasexcessivedrinking,buttherealcausewashisdeepgriefathiswife'sdeath.A．a(chǎn)pparent B．obviousC．clear D．distinct解析：選A。句意：表面上他生病的緣由是過度飲酒，但實際緣由是喪妻之痛。apparent“明顯的，表面上的”；obvious“明顯的”；clear“明白的，清晰的”；distinct“清晰的，明確的”。3．stress[教材原句]Inaddition,gettingthesehistoricsitesrecognizedbytherestoftheworldishelpfulforpreservingandrepairingthem,asitstressestoeveryonetheirextremeimportanceandvalue.另外，使這些歷史遺址得到國際認可有助于愛護和修復它們，因為這向世人強調了它們極大的重要性和珍貴價值。(1)vt.強調；重讀①I'djustliketostresstheimportanceofpolitenessinthisjob.我只想強調在這項工作中禮貌的重要性。②Itmustbestressedthatthisdiseaseisveryrare.必需著重指出，這種病特別罕見。(2)n.強調；重讀；重音；壓力③Anewreviewbasedonaresearchshowsthatacutestressaffectsthewaythebrainconsiderstheadvantagesanddisadvantages.一項新的探討表明，壓力太大會影響到大腦考慮利弊的思維方式。lay/putgreatstresson＝stress 強調beunderstress/sufferfromstress 在壓力下/受到壓力beunderthestressof 為……所迫，為……所驅使stressmark 重音符號④Manyschoolslay/putstressonforeignlanguageeducation.很多學校重視外語教化。⑤Heisunderstressbecausehisfamilywaspoor.他因家庭貧困而感到有壓力。[即境活用3]Thecompanyplacestoomuch________oncostandnotenoughonquality,sotheproductsdon'tsellwell.A．strengthen B．stretchC．stress D．force解析：選C。句意：這家公司對成本強調太多，而對質量重視不夠，因此產(chǎn)品賣得不好。placestresson“強調”。4．a(chǎn)ssistancen．[U]幫助，救濟，幫助，支持[教材原句]Thisishelpingbringneededattention,assistanceandmoneyforprotectingtheMingandQingTombs.這有助于獲得必要的關注、認可和資金來愛護明清陵墓。eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(assistancewithsth.,assistanceindoingsth.,assistancetodosth.)) 幫助(做)某事beofassistance 幫助(忙)cometosb.'sassistance 幫助某人withtheassistanceofsb./sth. 在某人/某物的幫助下①CanIbeofanyassistance?我能幫上忙嗎？②Iwaitedpatientlyhopingthatsomeonewouldcometomyassistance.我耐性地等著，希望有人會來幫我。③Hecanwalkonlywiththeassistanceofawalkingstick.他只能靠拐杖走路。assistvt.&vi. 幫助；幫助；救濟eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(assistsb.withsth.,assistsb.indoingsth.,assistsb.todosth.)) 幫某人做某事④Weaskedhimtoassistusindesigninganewbridge.我們請他幫我們設計一座新橋。[即境活用4]Ateamofnurses________thedoctor________performingtheoperation.A．helped;to B．helped;withC．a(chǎn)ssisted;in D．a(chǎn)ssisted;with解析：選C。句意：一組護士幫助那位醫(yī)生做手術。assistsb.indoingsth.“幫助某人做某事”，也可說成helpsb.(to)dosth.或helpsb.withsth.。5．beequalto(doing)sth.與……相等；能勝任(做)某事[教材原句]Theseworld-famoussitesareequaltothepyramidsinEgypt.這些著名遐邇的遺址可以與埃及的金字塔相媲美。①Apoundisroughlyequalto500grams.1磅約等于500克。②I'msureBarbala'squiteequaltothetask.我確信巴巴拉完全有實力擔當這項任務。③Heisn'tequaltomeetingourdemands.他不太合乎我們的要求。beequalin 在……方面相同feelequalto 能勝任，有實力去做bewithoutequal 無比，無敵④Thetwotownsareroughlyequalinsize.兩個城鎮(zhèn)的規(guī)模大致相同。⑤HispaintingsarewithoutequalintheWesternworld.他的畫在西方世界數(shù)一數(shù)二。[即境活用5]Idonotfeelequalto________herthetruth.A．tell B．toldC．telling D．beingtold解析：選C。考查be/feelequalto的用法。句意：我自己沒有志氣告知她真相。be/feelequaltodoing意為“有(做)……的實力/志氣，能勝任(做)……”。6．intermsof在……方面，從……方面來說①Intermsoflanguagedevelopment,later-bornslearnalotfromtheireldersiblings.就語言的發(fā)展而言，后來誕生的孩子會從哥哥姐姐那里學到很多東西。②Intermsofmoneywe'requiterich,butnotintermsofhappiness.就錢這方面來說我們很富有，但論及華蜜就不然了。cometotermswithsb. 與某人和解；妥協(xié)；讓步beongood/badtermswith 與……關系很好(壞)inthelong(short)term 從長遠(眼前)來看inone'sterms 在某人看來onequalterms 在同等的條件下③Thecountryisverypoorandithastocometotermswiththeneighbouringcountries.這個國家很窮，它必需與鄰國和解。④Thecompany'sprospectslookgoodinthelongterm.公司的前景看來不錯。[即境活用6]—ForeigntradehasbeendevelopingveryfastinGuangdong.—Yes.GuangdongisChina'slargestprovince________foreigntradevolume.A．intermsof B．inspiteofC．incaseof D．infavorof解析：選A。句意：“廣東的外貿(mào)發(fā)展特別快速。”“是啊。從外貿(mào)總額的角度來看，廣東是中國最大的省。”intermsof“從……的角度”；inspiteof“盡管”；incaseof“萬一”；infavorof“贊成，支持”。At_the_upper_end_of_the_Sacred_Way_is_Changling,_thelargestoftheMingTombs.在圣道的頂端是長陵，明朝最大的陵墓。(1)本句為倒裝句，其結構為“介詞短語＋連系動詞＋主語”。正常語序為：Changling,thelargestoftheMingTombs,isattheupperendoftheSacredWay.(2)在英語中，當“介詞短語/形容詞/分詞”提到連系動詞前面時，句子要求采納全部倒裝。構成“介詞短語/形容詞/分詞＋連系動詞＋主語”結構(倒裝語序)。①Infrontofourhouseisabeautifulgarden.我們房子的前面是一個漂亮的花園。②Gonearethedayswhenwelivedapoorlife.我們過貧困生活的日子一去不復返了。③Sittinginthefrontaretheleadersoftheschool.坐在前面的是學校的領導。④PresentatthemeetingwereProfessorWhite,ProfessorSmithandmanyotherguests.出席會議的有懷特教授、史密斯教授以及很多其他的客人。⑤Writtenontheblackboardarethenamesofthosewhowerelateyesterday.黑板上寫著昨天遲到的人的姓名。[即境活用]①Distinguishedguestsandfriends,welcometoourschool.________theceremonyofthe50thAnniversarythismorningareouralumni(校友)fromhomeandabroad.A．Attend B．ToattendC．Attending D．Havingattended解析：選C。考查全部倒裝。后句中句子主語過長，故將表語部分提前，以維持句子結構平衡。正常語序為：Ouralumni(校友)fromhomeandabroadareattendingtheceremonyofthe50thAnniversarythismorning.②(2010·重慶高考)AtthemeetingplaceoftheYangtzeRiverandtheJialingRiver________，oneofthetenlargestcitiesinChina.A．liesChongqing B．ChongqingliesC．doeslieChongqing D．doesChongqinglie解析：選A。考查倒裝。表示方位的介詞短語AtthemeetingplaceoftheYangtzeRiverandtheJialingRiver位于句首，故此處應當用全部倒裝。Ⅰ.單詞拼法1．TheRococodecoration(裝飾方式)insidethepalaceisdelightful.2．Heranxietywasapparent(自不待言的)toeveryone.3．Thedamaskrose(大馬士革薔薇)isextremelyfragrant(芳香的)．4．Hewasdrawingupareportwiththeassistance(幫助)ofexperts.5．Howmanystudentshaveregistered(登記)forEnglishclasses?6．Therearetoomanyrulesandregulations(條例)governingsmallbusinesses.7．Theword‘machine’isstressed(重讀)onthesecondsyllable.8．Thecountry'sfragile(脆弱的)economyisthreatenedbythecontinueddrought.9．Themonkeysliveintheupper(上部的)branches.10．Thecompanyadopteddifferentlevelsofthemanagementpyramid(金字塔式體系)．Ⅱ.完成句子1．他在會議上強調了接受良好教化的重要性。Hestressed_the_importance_ofacceptingagoodeducationatthemeeting.2．他始終在兒子的幫助下經(jīng)營這家公司。He'sbeenrunningthecompanywith_the_assistance_ofhisson.3．他稀里糊涂地突然就走了。Suddenly,for_no_apparent_reason,_hewalkedaway.4．我們用彩燈來裝飾圣誕樹。WedecoratedtheChristmastreewithcolourfullights.5．她的學問貧乏，不能勝任這樣一份工作。Herknowledgeispoor;sheisn't_equal_tosuchatask.Ⅲ.單項填空1．Jack'sroomalwayshasthedustysmellofanapartmentwhosewindowsare________opened.A．rarely B．generallyC．a(chǎn)pparently D．frequently解析：選A。考查副詞辨析。句意：杰克的房間總是有一種因為窗戶很少打開的那種積滿塵土的味道。rarely“很少地”；generally“通常地”；apparently“明顯地”；frequently“常常地”。由句意知A項正確。2．________achievement,lastweek'sministerialmeetingoftheWTOhereearnedalow,thoughnotfailing,grade.A．Intermsof B．IncaseofC．Asaresultof D．Infaceof解析：選A。intermsof“就……而言，從……方面來說”；incaseof“以防”；asaresultof“由于”；infaceof“面對”。3．Inmyopinion,nosearchenginecan________Baiduinsearchscopeandspeed.A．compete B．equalC．win D．suit解析：選B。句意：依我看，沒有一個搜尋引擎在搜尋范圍和速度上能趕上百度。compete“競爭”，是不及物動詞，后須加介詞with；win多指“贏得競賽、獎金等”；suit“適合”；equal可作及物動詞，意為“與……相同或相等”，符合句意。4．Todaywomen________44%oftheworkforce,andnearlyhalfthemotherswithchildrenareengagedinpaidworkinBritain.A．buildup B．sendupC．takeup D．makeup解析：選D。考查短語辨析。buildup“加大，加強，增多”；sendup“放射”；takeup“占據(jù)；從事；拿起”；makeup“占……比例；組成；編造；湊數(shù)”。依據(jù)句子的意思，應選D。5．(2010·湖南高考)Listeningtoloudmusicatrockconcerts________causedhearinglossinsometeenagers.A．is B．a(chǎn)reC．has D．have解析：選C。考查語態(tài)和主謂一樣。該句是一個含有主謂賓的主動句，其中的主語和賓語均為動名詞短語。當動名詞短語作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。故選C項。6．Outsidetheschool________manycivilians,tooanxioustoknowtheresultsofthevote.A．stands B．standingC．stand D．isstanding解析：選C。考查倒裝和主謂一樣。題干是一個完全倒裝句，主語是manycivilians，謂語動詞用復數(shù)，所以選C。7．Ourparentswilllay________ontheimportanceofstudyassoonastheyfinduswatchingTV.A．urge B．a(chǎn)ttentionC．a(chǎn)dvice D．stress解析：選D。考查名詞辨析。句意：我們的父母一見我們看電視就強調學習的重要性。laystresson意為“強調……，重視……”，是固定搭配，符合題意。urge“督促”；attention“留意”；advice“建議”。8．Thestreetswere________flagsonNationalDay.A．decoratedwith B．decoratedonC．decoratedin D．decoratedby解析：選A。bedecoratedwith“被……所裝飾”。9．It'sverydifficultto________theeffectsofthenewlegislationjustyet.A．find B．judgeC．a(chǎn)ssess D．a(chǎn)ssist解析：選C。句意：現(xiàn)在還難以評價新法令的效果。assess“評價，評定”，符合句意。find“找到”；judge“推斷”；assist“幫助”。10．(2011·江西高考)Shehasalreadytriedherbest.Pleasedon'tbetoo________aboutherjob.A．special B．responsibleC．unusual D．particular解析：選D。考查固定搭配。句意：她已經(jīng)盡了最大的努力，請不要對她的工作太挑剔了。beparticularabout“對……挑剔”。Ⅳ.閱讀理解Manytrafficjamsleavedriverspuzzledastheyfinallyreachtheendofatailbacktofindnovisiblecausefortheirdelay.Now,ateamofmathematicianshavefoundtheanswerbydevelopingamodeltoshowhowmajordelaysoccuronourroads,withnoobviouscause.Themodelshowedthatadriver,slowingdownbelowacriticalspeed(臨界速率)whenreactingtounexpectedevents,forcesthecarbehindtoslowdownfurtherandthenextcarbacktoreduceitsspeedstillfurther.Theresultofthisisthatseveralmilesback,carswouldfinallycometoastop,withdriversunawareofthereasonfortheirdelay.Themodelpredictsthatthisisaverytypicalsituationonabusyhighway(above15vehiclesperkm).Thejammovesbackwardsthroughthetrafficcreatingaso-called“backwardtravellingwave”，whichdriversmayencountermanymilesupstream,severalminutesafteritwascaused.Driversandpolicy-makershavenotpreviouslyknownwhyjamslikethisoccur,thoughmanyhaveputitdowntothesheervolumeoftraffic.Whilethisclearlyplaysapartinthisnewtheory,themainissueisaroundthesmoothnessoftrafficflow.Accordingtothemodel,heavytrafficwillnotautomaticallyleadtojamsbutcanbesmooth-flowing.Thismodeltakesintoaccountthetimedelayindrivers'reactions,whichleadstodrivers'brakingmoreheavilythanwouldhavebeennecessaryiftheyhadidentifiedandreactedtoaproblemaheadasecondearlier.Whenadrivertapsthebrake,thetrafficmaycometoafullstandstillseveralmilesbehind.Itreallymattershowhardadriverbrakes—aslightbrakingfromadriverwhohasidentifiedaproblemearlywillallowthetrafficflowtoremainsmooth.Heavierbraking,usuallycausedbyadriverreactinglatetoaproblem,canaffecttrafficflowformanymiles.eq\x(語篇解讀：很多司機對交通堵塞感到很迷惑，一些數(shù)學家找到了造成交通堵塞的緣由。)1．Fromthepassage,welearnthat________.A．thenewtheorylacksevidenceandisnotconvincingB．drivingatlowspeedleadstotrafficjamsC．manydriversdon'tknowhowtodealwithunexpectedeventsD．driversareoftenunawareofthereasonwhyatrafficjamhappens解析：選D。細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。文章第一句中的“theyfinallyreachtheendofatailbacktofindnovisiblecausefortheirdelay”以及其次段中的“withdriversunawareofthereasonfortheirdelay”可知答案。2．WhichofthefollowingisNOTincludedinthenewtheory?A．Thetrafficspeed. B．Thewidthofroads.C．Thevolumeoftraffic. D．Thereactiontime.解析：選B。細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。通讀全文可知該理論沒有涉及道路寬度的信息。3．Trafficjamscanbeavoidedwhen________.A．mathematiciansdevelopamodelB．driversreacttoproblemsearlyC．thereisa“backwardtravellingwave”D．thereisavisiblecauseofthedelay解析：選B。推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三、四段的內(nèi)容可知，假如司機早發(fā)覺問題，提前剎車，剎車就不至于太猛，就不會影響后面的車輛，交通堵塞即可避開。4．Theunderlinedword“this”inthethirdparagraphrefersto________.A．the“backwardtravellingwave”B．thesmoothnessoftrafficflowC．thevolumeoftrafficD．themodeldevelopedbyateamofmathematicians解析：選C。代詞指代題。依據(jù)第三段第一句中的“thoughmanyhaveputitdowntothesheervolumeoftraffic”可推知答案。5．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．AnewmodeldevelopedbymathematiciansB．ThemysteryoftrafficjamssolvedbymathematiciansC．TrafficjamscausedbyslowreactingdriversD．Impactsofheavybraking解析：選B。主旨大意題。第一段中的“Now,ateamofmathematicianshavefoundtheanswerbydevelopingamodeltoshowhowmajordelaysoccuronourroads,withnoobviouscause.”為文章的主題句，所以B項為短文的最佳標題。Ⅴ.選做題任務型閱讀IcelandhasthehighestbirthrateinEurope,thehighestdivorcerate,andthehighestpercentageofwomenworkingoutsidethehome.Suchstatisticsareoftenevidenceofanunhappy,troublesomesociety,withloadsofchildren,brokenhomesandabsentmothers.ButIcelandistheexception—itscitizensareapparentlythehappiestintheworld.NewrankingsfromtheUnitedNationsrateIcelandasthebestcountryintheworldinwhichtolive.Perhapsthecountry'sgeographiclocationcontributestoIcelanders'happiness.LocatedinthemiddleoftheNorthAtlantic,withGreenlandasitsnearestneighbor,Icelandisfreefromthetaboosthatcausesomuchsufferingelsewhere.Forinstance,peoplewhodivorcearenotlookeddownuponbythesociety.Ic