Unit4HistoryandTraditions

Period3DiscoveringUsefulStructure過去分詞做賓語和賓補(bǔ)教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)【教材分析】這一教學(xué)階段主要涉及語法：過去分詞用作定語和賓語補(bǔ)語。【教學(xué)目標(biāo)】1.引導(dǎo)學(xué)生復(fù)習(xí)過去分詞作為定語和客觀補(bǔ)語的基本用法。2.引導(dǎo)學(xué)生靈活運(yùn)用過去分詞作為定語和客觀補(bǔ)語的一些特殊情況。3.增強(qiáng)學(xué)生對語法學(xué)習(xí)的興趣。【教學(xué)重難點(diǎn)】1.幫助學(xué)生理解過去分詞作為定語和客觀補(bǔ)語的功能。2.指導(dǎo)學(xué)生使用過去分詞作為定語和客觀補(bǔ)語寫論文。【教學(xué)過程】Step1:Reviewingthepast,onecanunderstandthenew.Analyzeunderlinedphrasesandsummarizemonusageofpastparticiples.1.(教材P41)Theyhadcastlesbuilt(build)allaroundEngland,andmadechangestothelegalsystem．2.(教材P42)Theyusethesameflag,known(know)astheUnionJack，．．．3.(教材P42)JudyandIhadourcarparked(park)inanundergroundcarparknearTrafalgarSquare,wherewecouldgetourcarbatterycharged(charge)．monpoints:fthepastparticipleusedasattributiveandobjectiveplement.Step2:Themeaningofthepastparticipleasanattributive.1.Thepastparticipleoftransitiveverbsservesasanattributive,indicatingpassivityinvoice;Intermsoftime,itoftenindicatesthatanactionhasoccurredorbeenpleted,andsometimesitdoesnotindicatetemporality.2.Thepastparticipleofintransitiveverbsservesasanattributive,whichdoesnotindicatepassivemeaning,butonlyemphasizesthepletionoftheaction.Step3：Thepositionofthepastparticipleasanattributive.1.Ingeneral,asinglepastparticipleisusedasaprepositionalmodifier,whichisplacedbeforethemodifiedword.【ExamTip】Somepastparticiplescanalsobeusedasattributiveafterthenountheymodifywhentheyrepresentaspecificmeaning.2.Whenapastparticiplephraseisusedasanattributive,itisoftenusedasapostpositiveattributive,meaningitisplacedafterthemodifiedword,anditsfunctionisequivalenttoanattributiveclause.3．過去分詞與現(xiàn)在分詞作定語的區(qū)別意義形式語態(tài)時態(tài)過去分詞被動完成現(xiàn)在分詞主動進(jìn)行4．Thedifferencebetweenthepassivevoiceofpastparticipleandpresentparticiple,thepassivevoiceofinfinitiveverb,andtheuseofattributive.意義形式語態(tài)時態(tài)done被動完成beingdone被動進(jìn)行tobedone被動尚未發(fā)生Step4:Themonsituationwherepastparticiplesserveasobjectplements.1.Thepastparticipleisusedfortheverbkeepinthetablestate,Theword'leave'isfollowedbyanobjectplement.2.Thepastparticipleisusedasanobjectplementafterthecausativeverbshave/getandmake.(1)“have/get＋賓語＋過去分詞”表示“讓別人做某事”。Hewantstohave/gethiseyesexaminedtomorrow．他明天想去檢查眼睛。(2)在“make＋賓語＋過去分詞”這種結(jié)構(gòu)中，過去分詞表示結(jié)果。TheymanagedtomakethemselvesunderstoodbyusingverysimpleEnglish．他們用很淺易的英語來設(shè)法使自己被理解。感官動詞see,hear,notice,observe,watch,feel,find等后，可用過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語。Whenwesawtheroadblockedwithsnow,wedecidedtospendtheholidayathome．當(dāng)我們看到道路被雪封住后，我們決定在家過假期。Thenextmorningpeoplefoundtheworldoutsidetheirhousespletelychanged．第二天早上，人們發(fā)現(xiàn)他們房子外面的世界全變了樣。表示“意愿；命令”的動詞，如like,want,wish,expect,order等可用過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語。Themanagerorderedtheworkfinishedattheendofthisweek．經(jīng)理要求在本周末完成這項(xiàng)工作。過去分詞用在“with＋賓語＋賓補(bǔ)”這一結(jié)構(gòu)中，過去分詞與賓語之間是動賓關(guān)系。Witheveryproblemsettled,hebegantothinkofajourney．每一個問題解決后，他開始考慮旅行。Step5:Thedifferencebetweenusingnonfiniteverbsasobjectplements.1．感官動詞(短語)see,watch,observe,lookat,notice,hear,listento,feel等的賓語補(bǔ)足語主要有三種形式，試比較(以hear為例)：IheardhersinginganEnglishsongwhenIpassedbyherroomyesterday．昨天經(jīng)過她房間時，我聽見她正在唱一首英文歌。(主動、正在進(jìn)行)IheardhersinganEnglishsongjustnow．剛才我聽見她唱了一首英文歌。(主動、完成)TolearnEnglishwell,weshouldfindopportunitiestohearEnglishspokenasmuchaspossible．為了學(xué)好英語，我們應(yīng)該盡可能多地聽英語。(被動、無時間性)2．使役動詞make,have,get,keep后加復(fù)合賓語的比較：Theshockingnewsmademerealizewhatterribleproblemswewouldface．這令人震驚的消息使我意識到我們將面臨多么可怕的問題。Hespokeslowlyandclearlysothathecouldmakehimselfunderstood．他說得又慢又清楚以便使自己被理解。Motherhadmegototheshopandbuysomesalt．媽媽讓我去商店買些食鹽。Hehaduslaughingallthroughthemeal．整頓飯下來他讓我們笑個不停。Myeldersisterhadherwalletstolenonabuslastmonth．上個月，我姐姐的錢包在公共汽車上被偷了。Hegotmetoposttheletterforhim．他讓我替他寄信