第1頁/共1頁2025北京高三一模英語匯編閱讀理解C篇一、閱讀理解（2025北京西城高三一模）Recently,IattendedapublictalkbysomeonewhoseviewsI“knew”Iwouldoppose.Andyet,Iwent.Ilistened,askedquestions,andgavemytime.Whilemycorevaluesweren’ttransformedinthosetwohours,Ilearnedsomethingandleftwithadeeperappreciationforthecomplexityofotherperspectives.Inthisweeknightactivity,Iwasactivelytryingtotackle“beliefism,”adivisivephenomenoninwhichsurroundingyourselfwithpeoplewhoshareyourviewsleadstodiscriminationagainstthosewhodisagree.Inthisway,beliefismdeepensdivisionandreinforcespolarization—buildingwallsinsteadofbridges.Indeed,beliefismiswidespreadinmodernsociety.Asignificantpartoftheproblemoriginatesfromthefactthatweliveinaworldthatisbothphysicallyandvirtuallydivided.Werarelyinteractwithpeoplefromotherwalksoflife.Socialmediaalgorithmsstokethefiresofdivision,lockingusintoechochambersthatreinforceourpreexistingbeliefsandshutdowndebate.Ultimately,wheremanyforcesaredrivingusapart,wemustthink—whatcanwedotounpackdivisionandrestoreconnection?Wecanbeginbytryingtounderstandthepsychologyofbeliefism,whichatitscoreisaformofbias—amentalshortcutinwhichwecategorisepeopleaccordingtosinglecharacteristicsorgeneralisingassumptions.Indeed,inaworldthatisinfinitelycomplex,ourmindsusethesebiasestosimplifyandmakesenseoftheworld.Thethingis,whenweseeothersonlythroughtheperspectiveoftheirpoliticalorsocialbeliefs,wereduceandflattenthemtoasingledimension.Further,whenpeoplefeeltheyaredismissedordisregardedonlyfortheirbeliefs,theyareleftfeelingisolatedandmisunderstood.Secondly,wecanunderstandthetendencyforbeliefismaspartofourevolutionary(進化的)desiretoestablishacommunityorgroup.Theproblemisthatwhilethisinstinct(本能)mayhaveonceservedevolutionarypurposes,today,itblocksmeaningfuldialogueandcooperation.Indeed,researchshowsthatovercomingbeliefismhasbenefits.Whenwewelcomeavarietyofideasandperspectives,weareabletoovercomegroup-thinkandmakebetterdecisionsandjudgements.What’smore,lessbeliefistpeoplearegenerallyhappier,havingstronger,morefulfillingrelationshipsandbroaderhorizons.Luckily,thereareanumberofrelevant,research-backedpsychologicaltechniquesthathelpbuildtoleranceandbreakbias.Wemightexerciseindividuation,seeingpeopleasdiverse-sidedindividualsandbreakingawayfromreductivewaysofthinking.Wecanpracticeperspective-taking,buildingempathy(同理心)bysteppingintosomeoneelse’sshoesandtryingtoseetheworldthroughtheireyes.Ultimately,thewayforwardisnotthroughdivisions,butthrougharecognitionofoursharedhumanity.Remindyourselfthateachpersonexistsattheintersectionofmanyidentities,experiences,andbeliefs.Challengeyourselftopracticeempathy,andrememberthatnooneiswhollydefinedbytheworstthingtheyhavesaidordone.1．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“stoke”inParagraph3probablymean?A．Fuel. B．Keep. C．Put. D．Contain.2．Whatcanweknowaboutbeliefismfromthepassage?A．Socialmediaalgorithmsmainlycontributetoitswidespread.B．Humanevolutionprovesitsharminestablishinggroup-think.C．Itreflectsoursimplifiedwayofunderstandingthesurroundingworld.D．Itleadsustomakeassumptionsaboutothers’politicalorsocialbeliefs.3．Whichofthefollowingwouldbemosteffectiveinfightingbeliefism?A．Facilitatinginteractionsbetweenpeoplefromdifferentcommunities.B．Creatingalistofacceptablebeliefsforeachcommunitytofollow.C．Askingpeopletowriteabouttheirexperiencesofbeingisolated.D．Stressingconflictinsteadofcooperationbetweendifferentbeliefs.4．Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．BeyondUsandThem B．TheRootsofBeliefismC．TheHarmofSocialDivision D．AttheCrossroadofFaith（2025北京東城高三一模）Anyonewithinsomniaknowstheimpatienceandfrustrationthataccompaniessleeplessness.Youlongforabuttonthatcouldinstantlydampenallthatmentalactivity.Theideaofamentalswitchisnotfar-fetched.Mostneuroscientistsnowagreethatourwakefulnessiscoordinatedbyatinybundleofneurons(一小束神經元)knownasthe“locuscoeruleus”(LC),Latinfor“bluedot”.Itisaliteraldescription:theneuronsinthelocuscoeruleushavethebluecolourfromtheproductionofaparticularneurotransmitter,callednorepinephrine.Norepinephrineraisesthechancethataneuronwill“fire”withanelectriccurrent.Whentheybecomeactive,cellsinthelocuscoeruleuspassbundlesofthisneurotransmitteralongtheirprojectionstootherregionsofthebrain-enhancingthecommunicationbetweentheneuronsinthatarea.Thereareslightdifferencesintheprocess.Dependingonthetypesofreceptorstheyhave,someneuronsaremoresensitivetosmalleramountsofnorepinephrine,whileothersonlyrespondtohigherthresholds.Thismeansthat,asthelocuscoeruleusactivityrises,itwillstarttoaffectsomebrainareasmorethanothers,whichcanhavedramaticeffectsonthingslikeourfocus,concentrationandcreativity.Giventhebluedot’srole,itmakessensethatitwouldbequietestatnightduringsleep.Itisnotentirelysilent,however,butfiresoccasionally-andrecentresearchbyAnitaLüthiattheUniversityofLausannesuggeststhatthisactivitymaydeterminethequalityofoursleeps.Acrossthenight,wealternatebetweendifferentsleepstages.Thereis“rapideyemovement”(REM)sleep,whichisassociatedwithvividdreamingandisthoughttobecrucialforprocessingandconsolidatingmemories.Muchofourrest,however,isspentinnon-REM(NREM)sleep,duringwhichthebrainmayengageinadeepclean,clearingawaycellularwaste.Measuringbrainactivityindozingmice,AnitafoundNREMsleepwasassociatedwithtemporaryburstsoflocuscoeruleusactivityevery50seconds.Asaresult,theanimalwasmoresensitivetooutsidestimuli,likenoises-withoutfullywaking.“It’sgeneratingthisstateofenhancedvigilance(警覺),”Anitasays.“Itreallygivesyouthisideathatwakefulnesscanbegradedinthebrain.”ThebeginningofREMsleepwasalmostalwaysassociatedwithlowlocuscoeruleusactivity.“ThattransitiontoREMsleephastobeverywellcontrolled,”saysAnita,“becauseinREMsleep,wehaveatonia.”That’sthetemporaryparalysis(麻痹)ofourbody,whichpreventsusfromphysicallyactingoutourdreams.Anitaemphasisesthatherexperimentswereconductedinmice,sowestillneedtoconfirmthatthebluedotplaysasimilarroleinhumansleep.Ifso,shesuspectsthatalteredlocuscoeruleusactivitycouldbeimplicatedinconditions—suchasanxiety—thatmaycontributetodisorderedsleep.Shefoundthatexposingherlaboratorymicetomildsourcesofstress—suchasknockingontheircage—raisedthebluedot’sactivityandincreasedtheirvigilancethroughoutthenight,resultinginfragmentedsleep.5．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“they”inParagraph2referto?A．Neurons. B．Electriccurrents.C．Projections. D．Neurotransmitters.6．Accordingtothepassage,whatistheroleoftheLC?A．Producingreceptors. B．Preservingcellsensitivity.C．Monitoringbrainactivity. D．Improvingneuralconnectivity.7．WhichofthefollowingmayAnitaLüthiagreewith?A．Thebluedotfiresregularlyatnight.B．StresshasanimpactontheLCactivity.C．LowLCactivitycanhelpcleancellularwaste.D．Atoniaresultsfromsuddenburstsofbrainactivity.8．Whatmightbethenextstepoftheresearch?A．Gradingthewakefulnessofhumanbrains.B．Unlockingthemechanismofsleepdisorder.C．Assessingthefunctionofthebluedotonhumans.D．IdentifyingapproachestoalteringtheLCactivity.（2025北京朝陽高三一模）Whenpeopleviewphotographsoffrighteningspiders,scientistsusuallyobserveincreasedelectricalactivitydeepintheirbrain,inaregioncalledtheperiaqueductalgray(PAG).TheobviousconclusionisthatthePAGcontrolsfight-or-flightresponsesinthreateningsituations.Butwhatifbrainsdon’thavededicatedcircuitsforfightingandflighting?Isthreatdetectionreallyaprimarymodeofthebrainwithitsownneuralcircuitry(神經回路)?Thisideaoffight-or-flightcircuitsoriginatesfromthe“triunebrain”modeldividingbrainsintotheso-calledlizardbrain,includingthePAG,forsurvivalfunctions,the“limbicsystem”foremotions,andthe“neocortex”forhigher-orderreasoning.Ifyouknowanythingaboutevolution,youmightknowthatsomethingisspurious.Theonlyanimalonthisplanetwithalizardbrainisalizard.Also,there’snounifiedlimbic“system”orthe“neocortex”foremotionsorrationality(理性)respectively.Sowheredoesthisleavethefight-or-flightstory?Recently,changesinPAGactivityhavebeenobservedinnonthreateningtasks,suchasreadingafascinatingarticleaboutthebrain.ThePAGhasalsobeenprovedtoregulatebodilysystemscontinuously.Incidentally,thisexplainswhyantianxietymedicationsmanageanxietydisorderswithouthealingthem.Theytargetbraincircuitsthataren’tdedicatedtoanxietyorfight-or-flightbutthatsimplyregulatethebody.Researchesonthebrain’spowersalsocastnewlightonourunderstandings.Indailylife,individualsmightfeelliketheyperceiveandreacttovariousstimuliaseitherthreateningorsafe.Actually,thebrain,usingpastexperiences,skillfullypredictsandformulatesactionplansinanticipationofeventsbeforestimulioccur.Thebrain’spreparatorymechanism,metabolically(新陳代謝地)expensive,involvescomplicatedneuronalactivitiesforsustainingmultiplepredictionsandcorrespondingactionplansoverextendedperiods.Buttheexperiencesinfight-or-flightresponsescraftedbyyourbraindon’trevealhowitworks.Moreover,yourbrain,whichdoesmuchmorethanavoidthreats,handlesacomplexsocialworldfullofuncertainty.That’sarecipeforstress.Andwhatisstress?Itreflectsenergypreparationforanticipatedchallenges.Yourbrainoftenmakessenseofmetaboliccostofuncertainty,ifitdragsonforlongenough,asanxiety,butthat’snotamust.Peopleseekuncertaintyout—anditspositivecousin,novelty—whentheytrynewfoodsorlearnnewskills.Uncertaintyiscommon,butthesedays,withsocialmediaandround-the-clocknewscoverage,itsometimesbombardsusandleavesusanxiousandexhausted.Butthesefeelingsdon’temergefromfight-or-flightcircuits.Theymayjustmean,inaneverchangingandonlypartlypredictableworld,thatyou’redoingsomethinghard.9．TheauthorasksthequestionsinParagraph1to________.A．evaluateastatement B．justifyanassumptionC．challengeanargument D．introduceanewconcept10．Whichdoestheunderlinedword“spurious”inParagraph2probablymean?A．Rare. B．Wrong. C．Limited. D．Unexpected.11．Whatcanweinferfromthispassage?A．Huntingfornoveltyreducesstressandanxiety.B．MedicinetargetingPAGcuresanxietydisorders.C．Uncertaintyisaproductofmodernmediaandnewscycles.D．The“FightorFlight”ideaoverlooksthebrain’spredictivepower.（2025北京石景山高三一模）ResearchersfromtheNeuroMindInstitutehavedevelopedanewsystemthatusespredator(捕食者)robotstochase(追逐)larval(幼體的)zebrafishinanopenwater.Thisinnovativeapproachishelpingscientistsstudyhowtheyoungfishrapidlylearnandadaptinreal-worldconditions.Larvalzebrafishareavaluabletoolforneuroscientistsbecausetheirtransparencyenableseasystudyofthebrainandbehaviour.However,it’sbeendifficultforscientiststostudylearninginthesedevelopingvertebrates(脊椎動物)—animportantpartofunderstandinghowthebrainworks.Previousresearchfoundyoungzebrafishcouldlearnsimpleassociations.Butthistypeoflearninghappensslowlyandoftenunreliably,anditwasstillunclearwhetherdays-oldzebrafishcanlearnfastenoughtousetheirmemoryinnaturalsituations,likerecognizingandavoidingnewpredators.Theresearchersthoughtthattraditionalwaysoftestinglearninginlarvalzebrafishinthelab,wheretheconditionswerefarfromwhatthefishwouldencounterinthewild,mightnotbeeffectiveforuncoveringhowthefishlearn.Tomodelareal-lifesituation,theresearchersusedsmallroboticcylinders(圓柱體),withsomeprogrammedtoshowpredator-likecharacteristics.Theresearcherscreatedthedynamics:theyfirstplacedarobotthatstayedstillwithafree-swimmingzebrafish;aftertherobotchasedthefishforaminute,thefishbeganavoidingtherobot’sareaformorethananhour—abigchangefromthenon-avoidantbehaviourbeforethechaseexperience.Whenasecondrobotwasintroducedthatdidnotchasethefish,thezebrafishonlyavoidedthechasingrobot,showingthattheycoulddistinguishbetweenathreatandanon-threat.Usingthissystem,theresearchersmadeanunexpecteddiscoverythatnotonlycouldlarvalzebrafishlearnextremelyquicklyinamorenaturalcontext,buttheycouldalsodosojustfivedaysafterbeginningtheirlivesassinglecells.Thiswasparticularlysurprisinggiventhefactthatadevelopingzebrafishlarvacontainsjustonepercentorsooftheneurons(神經元)initsadultform.Thefindingssuggestthatsomeessentiallearningabilities,likerecognizingpredators,emergeearlyinlifeandarecriticalforsurvival.Furtherbrainimagingrevealsthatdifferentregionsofthezebrafishbrainareinvolvedinthisrapidlearning:thehindbrain,aregioncontrollingessentialfunctions,respondstotheapproachingpredator;theforebrain,aregionassociatedwithlearningandplanning,encodesthepresenceofthepredatorrobot;andthehabenula,anotherbrainarea,signalsavoidanceoutcomes.Alltheseregionsarenecessaryforlearning,andsilencinganyofthemremovestheabilityofthefishtolearn.Itisbelievedthatthenewworkcouldofferinsightsintohowotherbrainsprocessreal-worldthreats.12．Whydidtheresearchersdevelopanewsystemwithlarvalzebrafish?A．Toobservetheirhuntingbehaviours. B．Toidentifytheirsimpleassociations.C．Toexaminetheirbraincharacteristics. D．Touncovertheirlearninginnaturalsettings.13．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“dynamics”inParagraph4probablymean?A．Interaction. B．Function. C．Structure. D．Standard.14．Whatcanwelearnaboutlarvalzebrafish?A．Theycandistinguishbetweenrobotsandfish.B．Theylearnfastthroughamulti-regionalbrainnetwork.C．Theydeveloplearningabilitieswhenreachingadulthood.D．Theycanrecognisepredatorswithmuchneuronsneeded.15．Whatwilltheauthormostprobablydiscussintheparagraphthatfollows?A．Explainingtherobotdesignusedintheexperiment.B．Exploringdangerprocessinginotherspecies’brains.C．Analysingtheconnectionbetweenlearningandplanning.D．Describingzebrafishbehavioursindifferentsurroundings.（2025北京房山高三一模）Untilafewweeksago,Ireliedonrestauranthygiene(衛生)ratingswhendecidingwheretodine.TheUK’sFoodStandardsAgencyassignsscoresfrom0to5,with0indicatingurgentimprovementisneeded.Theseratingswereareliablepredictorforthosewhoarecarefulaboutfood.However,arecentreportrevealedthatsomebusinessesmisrepresenttheirhygienescores,postinga5whentheirratingsareaslowas0.Whencheatingbehaviorslikethisaresuccessful,theytendtospread,aspeopleoftencopybehaviorsassociatedwithsuccess.Overtime,thiscandamagethesharedsignalsonwhichsocietydepends.Researchinbiologyandsociologyprovidesinsightsintothisphenomenon.Inthenaturalworld,animalssignalinformationtootherorganisms.Forexample,dogsbaretheirteethtowarnofpossibleattacks,andmalereddeerroartoindicatetheirsize.However,someanimalscheat.Atypeofbird’schickscopythesoundsofotherbirds’youngtocheatadultbirdsintofeedingthem.Thisdishonestbehaviorevolvedbecauseitworks,similartohowcheatingcanspreadinhumansociety.Amonghumans,technologicaladvancementshaveincreasedthewayswecanmisrepresentourintentionsandidentities.Thisincludes“catfishing”indigitalinteractions,whereindividualsmasktheirtrueidentitiestocheatothersonline.Generativeartificialintelligenceisfurtherincreasingtheseopportunities.SociologistsinabookdescribehowAIcanbeusedtocheatpeopleinhostileinteractions,eveninwars.Forexample,voiceeditingcanallowindividualstoposeasseniormilitaryofficialsorchildreninneedofmoney.Inthedigitalage,anyonecanassumeanyidentity.Fortunately,humanshavefoundwaystosolvetrustissues.Wearegoodatidentifyingwhoistrustworthyovertime.Welearntorecognizepatternsofbehaviorindicativeofcheating.Justascheatingtactics(手法)spread,sodothetechnologiesfordetectingthem,suchaspasswords,faceorvoicerecognition,andnewtechnologiestopreventdeepfakes(深度偽造).Peoplearealsoskilledatdevelopingnormsthatimposecostsoncheaters.Lawshavebeencreatedtofineorimprisonthoseguiltyofimpersonation.WhilewearestillintheearlystagesofdevelopingeffectiverulesaroundAI,theawarenessofthedangersthesetoolsposeisastepinourdefense.Whatmattersforkeepingtrustisthereliabilityofthesignalsweuseincommunication.Whetherit’shygienescoresortrickemails,weneedamechanismtodeterminereliability.Thisisachievedthrougheffectivepolicing—punishingthosewhoproveuntrustworthy—andeducatingourselvestoavoidunreliablepeople,places,andthings.Ifwecantrustthathygieneratingsarereliable,wecanusethemtoguideourbehavior.16．WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph1?A．Restaurantbusinessesarecompetitive.B．Sharedsignalscanbeadrivingforceinsuccess.C．Cheatingbehaviorscanharmtrustwithinsociety.D．Ratingsystemsaredevelopedwithscientificmethods.17．Whatistheauthor’sviewontechnologicaladvancements?A．Objective. B．Doubtful. C．Optimistic. D．Pessimistic.18．Itisimpliedinthispassagethatweshould_______.A．adoptstricterlegalpunishmentfordeepfakesB．prioritizeofficialrulesoverindividualawarenessC．increaserelianceontechnologicalsolutionstodetectdishonestyD．combinelegalmeasureswithpublicawarenesstoreducedistrust（2025北京門頭溝高三一模）OnethingaboutAIthatworriesmorepeoplethananyotheristhatitmighttaketheirlivelihoodaway.Butexpertsaredividedastowhetherthetechnologywillbringusalifeofleisureoralifeofpressure.Asever,thetruthprobablyliessomewhereinthemiddle.AIwon’ttakeourjobs,butitwillchangethem.SomeBritisheconomistsassumedthatrobotswouldtakeourjobsandourworkingweekwoulddecreaseto15hoursby2030.In2013,MichaelOsborneattheUniversityofOxfordlookedat702typesofworkandrankedthemaccordingtohoweasyitwouldbetoautomatethem.HefoundthataboutunderhalfofalljobsintheUScouldworkablybedonebymachineswithintwodecades.Thelistincludesjobssuchastelemarketersandlibrarytechnicians.Notfarbehindwerelessobviouslysusceptiblejobs,includingmodelsandcooks,threatenedrespectivelybydigitalavatarsandrobochefs.Theleastvulnerableincludedmentalhealthworkersandteachersofyoungchildren.Ingeneral,jobsthatperformedbetterrequiredstrongsocialinteractionandcreativeability.However,othersfindthatlistoverblown.ApaperfortheOECDclubin2016suggestedthatAIwouldnotbeabletodoallthetasksassociatedwithallthesejobs,particularlythoserequiringhumaninteraction,andonlyabout9percentofjobsarefullyautomatable.Moreover,pastexperienceshowsthatjobstendtoevolve(演變，進化)aroundautomation.“Successfulinnovationsarethosethatcomplementratherthanoccupyus,”saysBenShneiderman,fromtheUniversityofMaryland.“Technologiesaremosteffectivewhentheirdesignsamplifyhumanabilities.Theycouldhelpussolveproblems,communicatewidelyorcreateart,”saysShneiderman.“Robotscouldbealiberatingforcebytakingawayroutinework,”saysTomWatson,whosestudyonAI’sdevelopmentinemploymentconcludesthatAIcouldcreateasmanyjobsasitdestroys.Heis,however,concernedtheincreasingofautomationhasledtotheriseininequalityandimbalanceinpower.“We’vegottobecarefulthatbigcorporationsandemployersdon’taccumulateallthebenefitswhileordinaryworkersarelefttolumpthenegatives,”hesays.Howcanweadapt?Theanswermightsimplybetoupdateoursocialframeworkstoreflectthenewrealityofwork.AnotherproposalisanAItaxoncompaniesthataresavingmoneybyreplacingworkerswithalgorithms.Ultimatelywe,notAI,areinchargeofourowndestiny.“Therewillbeunfairnessanddisruptions,”saysWatson.“Butthequestionis:isfuturehuman-centered?Isayitis.”19．Whatdoestheword“susceptible”underlinedinParagraph2probablymean?A．Workable. B．Predictable. C．Replaceable. D．Reliable20．WhatcanwelearnfromBenShneiderman’swords?A．Technologiescanalwayspromotejobs.B．Successfulautomationhelpsevolveourjobs.C．Fullyautomatablejobsrequirehumaninteraction.D．Effectiveinnovationsarethosethatcanoccupyus.21．WhatcanwelearnfromAI’sdevelopmentinemployment?A．Itcanhelpfreelaboursfromroutinework.B．Itmakesbigcorporationsbearmostnegatives.C．Itwillfinallyleadtoincredibleinequalityinjobs.D．Itdestroysoccupationsfasterthanitprovidesthem.22．What’stheauthor’spurposeofwritingthelastparagraph?A．Tooffersolutionstomentionedproblems. B．Tonotethefutureofrelativeresearches.C．Toreveallimitsofexistingperspectives. D．Tosumupargumentsfrombothsides（2025北京豐臺高三一模）DuringWWII,mathematicianAlanTuringgatheredateamoflogicexpertstodecodeenemymessages,akeysteptowardvictory.Iftherewasonebranchofmathematicswhichcouldbesaidtheywereusingsystematically,itwassymboliclogic.However,thecurriculumdesignsthatmethodicallydevelopstudents’symboliclogicabilitiesarerelativelyrare.Symboliclogicisaformofmathematicsthatletsuscheckwhethercertainconclusionscorrectlyfollowfromasetoffacts.Consideralibrarybook-theftcase.Ifasuspectwasn’tinthelibraryonthedaythethefthappened,theycan’tbethethief.Ifpresent,theymayormaynotbe.Beinginthelibrarydoesn’tmeantheystolethebook.Symboliclogicturnsthiskindofargumentintoalgebra(代數學),readilyshared,solvedandgeneralizedforsolvingmysteries.Forcareerssuchaselectricalengineeringandcomputerscience,thevalueofsymboliclogicisundeniable.Thefundamentalbuildingblocksofmoderndigitalcomputersarecircuitsrepresenting“AND”and“OR”,whicharecommoninsymboliclogic.Almosteverycomputerprogramcontainssimilar“if-then-else”logicalconditions.Professionalprogrammersmustroutinelywriteandtroubleshootsuchstatements.Butsymboliclogicisnotsolelylimitedtotechnicalfields.RutgersUniversitymathematicianGrayWengerarguesthatteachingresponsiblecitizenshiprequiresprovidingstudentswithmathematicalreasoningskills.Forexample,consideradebateoverastudyfindingthatmostadultswithouthigh-schoolcertificatesearnless.Aresponsiblecitizenmustthinkthroughtheimplicationsalongthelinesofthebook-theftcaseexampleabove.Nocertificatelikelymeanslowerincome,butlowincomedoesn’tmeannocertificate.Traininginsymboliclogicmakesthesesortsofreasoningssinkintotheircognitiveprocessesandbecomesecondnaturetocitizens.Inaddition,symboliclogicequipsindividualstocounterfalseclaimsbydistinguishingbetweenseparateincidentsandsystematicevidence.Themosteffectivestrategyforthisliesinpreventiveeducation—teachingpeopletorecognizefaultyreasoningatitssource.Consider,forinstance,someglobal-warmingdoubtersuseonedayofcoldweatherasproofthatglobalwarmingisahoax(騙局).Butalogicalthinkercanquicklyspotthatweatherisshort-term,whileclimateislong-termchange.Somedoubttheneedforaseparatesymboliclogiccourse,believingotherclassescandothejob.Inwritingcourses,forexample,studentslearnhowtospotillogicalarguments,andelementaryproofsarecoveredintrigonometry(三角學).Muchcanbegainedbyteachingpeoplelogicalthinkingwithoutusinganysymbols.Butonlysymboliclogicensureslogicalstrictness.Apiecemealapproachisn’tenough;afull-semestercourseisneededforcomprehensivelearning.Symboliclogicisessentialforintellectualdevelopment.Byintegratingsymboliclogicintoeducationalframeworks,weequipfuturegenerationswiththeintellectualtoolstonavigatecomplexchallenges.Trainingforitmustbeincludedinthecurriculumandcannotbelefttochance.23．Accordingtothepassage,symboliclogiccanplayaprimaryrolewhen________.A．achefiscreatinganewrecipebycombiningdifferentmaterialsB．astudentisdecidingwhichclubtojoinbasedonpersonalinterestsC．adoctorisidentifyingone’sillnessbyusingsignsandtestfindingsD．ajournalistiswritingafeaturearticlebyinterviewinglocalpeople24．Whatdoesthephrase“secondnature”underlinedinParagraph4probablymean?A．Aroutinepractice. B．Anautomaticability.C．Anessentialtool. D．Anecessaryquality.25．Fromthepassage,welearnthatsymboliclogic________.A．tellsthedifferencebetweenseparateincidentsB．ismainlyappliedinsolvingmathematicalpuzzlesC．questionsthebasicprinciplesofmoderncomputersD．enablespeopletodetectandchallengefalsearguments26．Theauthormayagreethatcurrentsymboliclogiceducationis________.A．unsatisfyingforthelackofsymboliclogiccoursesB．problematicandignoreslogicalreasoningpracticeC．acceptableifalternativecoursesareavailableD．manageableandwillimprovenaturally（2025北京順義高三一模）TheGreatTitisoneofthemostfamiliarbirdspeciesinEuropeandAsia—andoneofthemostinteresting.Thespeciesshowsacognitive(認知的)capacitythatisamazingforaslightbirdweighingonly18grams.Itproducesfalsealarmstoscareotherbirdsoffseedfeedersandknocksonkitchenwindowstogetfeedersrefilled.OncoldwinterdaysGreatTitsdrumonbeehives,whereuponthebeeswillcomewalkingout,easyvictimforthehungrybirds.Incombinationwiththebird’sbroadfoodpreferences,itsclevernesshasresultedinanunusualresponsetourbanization.By“unusual,”ImeanthatGreatTitsnotonlygetbybutthrive.Urbanization,whichinvolveslanddevelopment,isanincreasingproblemforwildanimalstheworldover.Stressorssuchaspollution,noise,artifi