四川省德陽中學校高級高一下期4月月考試題第二部分閱讀理解共兩節，滿分分)AFoundedin1990byBritishbusinessmanJamesDaunt,DauntBookshashandfuloflocationsacrossLondon,allworthavisit,buttheMarylebonebranch—inaformerEdwardianbookshop—isparticularlyappealing.Itissetinalong,lightfilledthreestoryspacewithoakbalconies(橡木陽臺)andacolouredglassSowhetheryou’reafteraguidebook,nonfiction,orsomethingescapist,youreallyloseyourselfinyourchosendestination.Openedin1972,BookmarkhasbeenCharlottetown’sindependentbookstoreofnoteformorethanfivedecades.Thelocallyownedspotisafavoritenotonlyforitsbookselection,ofcourse,butalsoforitsstrongsenseofmunity—everyonewhoshopshereisafriend.Ifyou’renotsurewhatyoureadnext,checkthebooksellerintroductionsonthewebsite,findthepersonwhosharesyourinterests,andgowiththeirpersonalizedsuggestions.Itishousedina13thcenturychurchinMaastricht,nearthesoutheasternborderwithBelgium.Openedin2014,thestorestillmaintainsthecolouredglasswindows,stonevaultedceilings,andfinewallpaintings.BoekhandelDominicanen’scollectionincludesthousandsofnewandsecondhandbooksinDutchandEnglish,andamusicdepartmentwithCDs,DVDs,andrecords.froma1920sDutchboat,thefloatingbookshopsitsalongtheRegent’sCanalandhasbroughtjoytoLondonersforoveradecade.ItlookssomuchlikeasettingfromTheWindintheWillowsthatyoumayexpectthebooksellertobeananthropomorphic(擬人化的)badger(獾)smokingapipe.Itarangeofbooks,frombrandnewreleasestooldernovels.It’sadelightfulspot,offeringseatingalongthenearbypathwherevisitorscanenjoytheirnewpurchases,oftenacpaniedbyjazzbandsperformingontherooftopoftheboat.1.WhatmakestheMarylebonebranchstandoutinallDauntBooks’branches?A.Theexcellentservice.B.Theconvenientlocation.C.Thewidecollectionofbooks.D.Thewonderfuldecorativestyle.2.Whichbookstorehasbeenoperatingforthelongestperiodoftime?第1頁/共20頁A.Bookmark.B.DauntBooksC.ontheD.BoekhandelDominicanen.3.WhatcanvisitorsdowhenvisitingontheA.Actrolesinnovels.B.Listentolivemusic.C.wonderfulmovies.D.aroundLondonbyboat.【答案】1.D2.A3.B【解析】【導語】這是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹了四家書店的情況。【1題詳解】細節理解題。根據第一段“Foundedin1990byBritishbusinessmanJamesDaunt,DauntBookshashandfuloflocationsacrossLondon,allworthavisit,buttheMarylebonebranch—inaformerEdwardianbookshop—isparticularlyappealing.Itissetinalong,lightfilledthreestoryspacewithoakbalconies(橡木陽臺)andacolouredglass年由英國商人詹姆斯·道特創立的道特圖書公司在倫敦有幾家分店，都值得一游，但馬里波恩分店——位于一家愛德華時代的舊書店里——尤其吸引人。它坐落在一個長而明亮的三層空間里，有橡木陽臺和一扇彩色玻璃窗)”可知，美妙的裝飾風格讓馬里波恩分校在所有的Daunt圖書分公司中脫穎而出。故選D。【2題詳解】細節理解題。根據第一段“Foundedin1990byBritishbusinessmanJamesDaunt,DauntBookshashandfuloflocationsacrossLondon,allworthavisit,buttheMarylebonebranch—inaformerEdwardianbookshop—isparticularlyappealing.(1990但馬里波恩分店——位于一家愛德華時代的舊書店里——尤其吸引人)”；第二段“Openedin1972,BookmarkhasbeenCharlottetown’sindependentbookstoreofnoteformorethanfivedecades.(Bookmark于1972年開業，50多年來一直是夏洛特鎮著名的獨立書店)”；第三段“Openedin2014,thestorestillmaintainsthecolouredglasswindows,stonevaultedceilings,andfinewallpaintings.(該商店于2014玻璃窗、石頭拱形天花板和精美的壁畫)”以及最后一段“froma1920sDutchboat,thefloatingbookshopsitsalongtheRegent’sCanalandhasbroughtjoytoLondonersforoveradecade.(這家漂浮書店由上世紀20)”對比可知，Bookmark歷史最久。故選A。【3題詳解】It’sadelightfulspot,offeringseatingalongthenearbypathwherevisitorscanenjoy第2頁/共20頁theirnewpurchases,oftenacpaniedbyjazzbandsperformingontherooftopoftheboat.(這是一個令人愉快的地方，沿著附近的小路提供座位，游客可以在那里享受他們新買的東西，通常伴隨著爵士樂隊在船的屋頂表演)”可知，游客在參觀水上世界時可以聽現場音樂。故選B。BRunningisasingleyethighlyeffectiveformofexercisethathasbeenembracedbypeopleofallagesforcenturies.Itrequiresnospecialequipmentexceptagoodpairofrunningshoes,makingitoneofthemostaccessiblesportsglobally.Whenyourun,numerousphysicalbenefitseintoplay.Firstly,itimproveshealth.heartpumpsmoreefficiently,increasingbloodcirculationthroughoutthebody.Thishelpsinreducingtheriskofheartdiseases,highbloodpressure,andstrokes.Secondly,runningisanexcellentwaytobuildmusclestrength,especiallyinthelegs,glutes,andcore.Asyoupushyourbodyforwardwitheachstep,thesemusclesworkinharmony,gettingstrongerovertime.Moreover,runninghassignificantmentalhealthbenefits.Itreleasesendorphins,oftenreferredtoas“feelgood”hormones,whichcanreducestress,anxietyandsymptomsofdepression.Manyrunnersalsofindthatitprovidesasenseofacplishmentandboostsselfesteem.Itgivesthemachancetosetgoals,whetherit’srunningacertaindistanceorimprovingtheirtime,andworktowardsachievingthem.However,likeanysport,runninghasitschallenges.Injuriessuchasshinsplints,kneepain,andmusclestrainscanoccur,especiallyifproperprecautionsarenottaken.Thesemaybecausedbyovertraining,incorrectrunningform,ornotgivingthebodyenoughtimetorestandrecover.preventinjuries,it’scrucialtostartslowly,graduallyincreasetheintensityanddurationofyourrunsandincorporatestrengthtrainingandstretchingintoyourroutine.Despitethechallengesrunningremainsapopularchoiceforthoseseekingahealthylifestyle.Whetherit’sforthefitness,petition,orsimplythejoyofmovement,runningawealthofrewardsforboththebodyandmind.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“cardiovascular”inthesecondparagraphprobablymean?A.Relatedtotheheartandbloodvessels.B.Relatedtothemusclesandbones.C.Relatedtothenervoussystem.D.Relatedtotherespiratorysystem.第3頁/共20頁5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTabenefitofrunningaccordingtothepassage?A.Reducingtheriskofheartdisease.B.Increasingbloodcirculation.C.Curingseriousmentalproblems.D.Buildingmusclestrength.6.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.ThePopularityofRunningB.ThePhysicalBenefitsofRunningC.Running:AGreatSportforBodyandMindD.HowtoPreventRunningInjuries7.Accordingtothepassage,howcanwepreventrunninginjuries?A.Byrunningasfastaspossiblefromthebeginning.B.Byincreasingtheintensityofrunsrapidly.C.Bytakingenoughrestanddoingstrengthtraining.D.Byonlyfocusingonrunningdistance.【答案】4.A5.C6.C7.C【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了跑步對身心健康的益處、潛在傷害及預防措施。【4題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據第二段中劃線詞后文“heartpumpsmoreefficiently,increasingbloodcirculationthroughoutthebody.Thishelpsinreducingtheriskofheartdiseases,highbloodpressure,andstrokes.(你的心臟更有效地泵血，增加全身血液循環。這有助于降低患心臟病、高血壓和中風的風險)”可知，跑步能改善心血管健康，與心臟和血管有關，劃線單詞cardiovascular意思是“與心臟和血管有關的”。故選A。【5題詳解】細節理解題。根據第二段中“heartpumpsmoreefficiently,increasingbloodcirculationthroughoutthebody.Thishelpsinreducingtheriskofheartdiseases,highbloodpressure,andstrokes.Secondly,runningisanexcellentwaytobuildmusclestrength,especiallyinthelegs,glutes,andcore.(血液循環。這有助于降低患心臟病、高血壓和中風的風險。其次，跑步是鍛煉肌肉力量的好方法，尤其是腿部、臀部和核心肌群)”以及第三段中“Itreleasesendorphins,oftenreferredtoas“feelgood”hormones,whichcanreducestress,anxietyandsymptomsofdepression.(它會釋放內啡肽，通常被稱為“感覺良好”的激第4頁/共20頁素，可以減輕壓力、焦慮和抑郁癥狀)”可知，跑步能降低患心臟病的風險、增加血液循環、鍛煉肌肉力量，雖可以減輕壓力焦慮和抑郁癥狀，但沒有提及可以治愈嚴重的精神問題。故選C。【6題詳解】主旨大意題。文章第一段介紹跑步是一項簡單且有效的運動，受到各年齡段人的喜愛；第二段介紹跑步對身體的好處；第三段介紹跑步對心理的好處；第四段介紹跑步可能帶來的挑戰及預防受傷的方法；最后一C選項“跑步：一項有益身心的運動”適合作為文章標題。故選C。【7題詳解】細節理解題。根據第四段中“preventinjuries,it’scrucialtostartslowly,graduallyincreasetheintensityanddurationofyourrunsandincorporatestrengthtrainingandstretchingintoyourroutine.(要慢慢開始，逐漸增加跑步的強度和持續時間，并將力量訓練和拉伸納入你的日常鍛煉中)”可知，通過足夠休息和進行力量訓練可以防止跑步受傷。故選C。CTheChingayParadeisagrandannualstreetparadeheldinSingapore.Amongthisyear’sheadyatmosphere,ChengSiew,a72yearold,willbeinthethickoftheaction,performingwheelchairdancing.ChengSiew’sintroductiontowheelchairdancingwasthroughhisson,Kelvinwhoisresponsibleforhisteam’sperformanceintheparade.“Iaskedmydadtotry.Hefoundmovingfastinawheelchairquitefun,”Kelvinsaid.Kelvinwasfirstexposedtothesportduringthe2014AsianParaGames,whichinfluencedhimtoteachthesport,andthenhelinkedupwithawheelchairdancegroupthatinvitespeoplewithapassionfordancing—whetherablebodiedorphysicallychallenged.Kelvinwaspassionateaboutensuringthathisdancegroupcouldbeinclusive(包容的),providingdifferentpeople—wheelchairdancers,children,youthsandseniors—theopportunitytoperformatanationallevel.Challengescameintheformofingupwithadanceroutinewhichhelpedeveryoneshowthemselves.Kelvinhadtomakeagreattofindaneffectivekindofdancethatmatchedthefastpacedmusicoftheparade.Buthedesiredtogivethedancerstheirtimeinthespotlight.Thedancedesignwillhavesometurningactionsindifferentorderssothateveryonecandisplaytheirtalentatdifferenttimes.Inthisparade,thewheelchairroadontheplasticflooringcanbechallenging.Sohewilladoptsportswheelchairstoadapttodifferenttypesofland.Whenitestowheelchairaccessibility(輪椅無障礙設施)inSingapore,Kelvinnotedthattheydohaveafullwheelchairlinkupshelteredpathway.However,thereisstillmuchtodo.Forinstance,usingawheelchairaroundashoppingmallduringpeakhourscanbea“nightmare”.Kelvinis第5頁/共20頁eagertoseemorestepswillbetakentoshapeamoreinclusivesociety.Justlikeintheparade,whereeveryonewillhaveamomenttoshowtheirmoves,heexpectseveryoneinawheelchaircanbeseenbypeopleindailylife.8.WhatgotKelvininvolvedinwheelchairdancing?A.Hisfather’sdancingexperience.B.Theinvitationfromadancegroup.C.InspirationfromtheAsianParaGames.D.ThedreamofperformingintheChingayParade.9.WhatcanwesayaboutKelvin’sdanceteam?A.Itisadiversemix.B.Itconsistsentirelyofdisabledpeople.C.Itfocusesonperformingtraditionaldances.D.ItisthefirstwheelchairdanceteaminSingapore.10.WhatwasKelvin’sconsiderationinthedancedesign?A.Providingenoughwheelchairs.B.Creatingadancesuitableforall.C.Findingappropriatedancemusic.D.Gainingasuitablepracticespace.HowdoesKelvinviewwheelchairaccessibilityinSingapore?A.It’snolongeranightmareforpeople.B.Itistherootofimperfectroaddesign.C.Itneedsmoreattentionandpromotion.D.Itdependsonthereasonablecostofwheelchair.【答案】8.C9.A10.BC【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了新加坡的Kelvin發起輪椅舞蹈團來為不同的人提供在全國范圍內表演的機會。【8題詳解】細節理解題。根據第二段“Kelvinwasfirstexposedtothesportduringthe2014AsianParaGames,whichinfluencedhimtoteachthesport,andthenhelinkedupwithawheelchairdancegroupthatinvitespeoplewithapassionfordancing—whetherablebodiedorphysicallychallenged.(Kelvin在2014年的亞洲殘疾人運動會期間第一次接觸到這項運動，這影響了他教授這項運動，然后他與一個輪椅舞蹈團聯系在一起，邀請對舞蹈有熱情的人——無論是健全的還是殘疾的)”可知，來自亞洲殘疾人運動會的靈感讓凱爾文參與到輪椅舞蹈中來。故選C。【9題詳解】Kelvinwaspassionateaboutensuringthathisdancegroupcouldbeinclusive(包容的),providingdifferentpeople—wheelchairdancers,children,youthsandseniors—theopportunitytoperformatanationallevel.(Kelvin熱衷于確保他的舞蹈團具有包容性，為不同的人——輪椅舞者、兒童、青少年和老年人——提供在全國范圍內表演的機會)”可知，開爾文的舞蹈隊是一個多元化的組合。故選A。第6頁/共20頁【10題詳解】細節理解題。根據第四段“Challengescameintheformofingupwithadanceroutinewhichhelpedeveryoneshowthemselves.Kelvinhadtomakeagreattofindaneffectivekindofdancethatmatchedthefastpacedmusicoftheparade.Buthedesiredtogivethedancerstheirtimeinthespotlight.Thedancedesignwillhavesometurningactionsindifferentorderssothateveryonecandisplaytheirtalentatdifferenttimes.(挑戰的形式是想出一個舞蹈動作，幫助每個人展示自己。開爾文不得不付出很大的努力，找到一種有效的舞蹈，以配合快節奏的音樂游行。但他希望給舞者們在聚光燈下的時間。舞蹈設計會有一些不同順序的轉身動作，讓每個人在不同的時間展現自己的才華)”可知，Kelvin在舞蹈設計中考慮了創造適合所有人的舞蹈。故選B。【題詳解】細節理解題。根據最后一段“Whenitestowheelchairaccessibility(輪椅無障礙設施)inSingapore,Kelvinnotedthattheydohaveafullwheelchairlinkupshelteredpathway.However,thereisstillmuchtodo.Forinstance,usingawheelchairaroundashoppingmallduringpeakhourscanbea“nightmare”.Kelviniseagertoseemorestepswillbetakentoshapeamoreinclusivesociety.Justlikeintheparade,whereeveryonewillhaveamomenttoshowtheirmoves,heexpectseveryoneinawheelchaircanbeseenbypeopleindailylife.(當談到新加坡的輪椅無障礙設施時，Kelvin指出，他們確實有一條完整的輪椅連接通道。然而，還有很多事情要做。例如，在高峰時段在購物中心周圍使用輪椅可能是一場“噩夢”。凱爾文渴望看到采取更多措施來塑造一個更具包容性的社會。就像在游行中，每個人都會有機會展示自己的動作一樣，他希望每個坐輪椅的人都能在日常生活中被人們看到)”可知，開爾文認為新加坡的輪椅無障礙設施需要更多的關注和推廣。故選C。DWhenAreejEIJawahri,adoctoratMassachusettsGeneralHospitalinBoston,signedthecontracttopurchasethehousespeciallydesignedtofittheneedsofmultigenerational(多代的)residents,sheknewshewantedherparents,whothenlivedinMichigan,tojoinher.“IwantedthemtobeinastatewhereIcouldhelpmanagetheirhealthcareneeds,”shesaid.“AsanonlychildfromaMiddleEasternbackground,ourcultureisallaboutfamilyunits.”ElJawahri’schoicewasnotunique.APewResearchCenteranalysisfoundthatfrom1971to2021,thenumberofpeoplelivinginmultigenerationalhouseholdsincreased,withtheshareoftheUSpopulationinthesehomesmorethandoubling,from7percentin1971to18percentin2021.“RentsinBostonaresohighthatIseelotsofmultigenerationalliving.Manyyoungpeoplemovebackinwiththeirparents,”saidConnieBrown,aglobalrealestateadviserinCharlestown.“Ihavearentalapartmentthat’s20,第7頁/共20頁000justtowalkintothedoor.”OneofBrown’sclients,BrianLashchangedspaceoverhisgaragetoanapartmentforhis92yearolddad.“Livingwithmydadforthosemonthswaswonderful,”hesaid,notingthathisfatherhassincepassedaway.watchedbasketball,baseball,andgolf,wewentoutfordinner,andIcookedforhim.ThosearethedaysIwouldneverhavehadifIhadn’tbuiltthatapartment.”Still,expertsencouragepeopletohaveanopenconversationbeforetheymoveintogether.Theyproposethatbothpartiestalkaboutwhethertherearesharedexpensesandwhoisresponsibleforwhatandthattheyputtheiragreementsinwriting.Cohabitation(同居)agreementsaremonamongfriends,buttheyareequallycrucialformultigenerationalfamilies.Puttingitinwritingatthebeginningoftheprocessenablespeopletoclarifyviewpoints,andsometimesallowsthemtodecidewhethertomoveintogetherornot.12.WhydidElJawahripurchasethespeciallydesignedhouse?A.helpcaringforherparents.B.findbettermedicalservices.C.getmorehouseholdpropertyinBoston.D.experiencecultureinamultigenerationalmunity.13.WhatdoesthePewResearchCenteranalysisshowaboutmultigenerationalliving?A.Itismainlyfavoredbytheold.B.ItispopularamongMiddleEasternindividuals.C.Itfrequentlyoccursinsinglechildfamilies.D.IthasbeemoremonintheUS.14.WhatdidBrianLashthinkofhislivingwithhisfather?A.Itprovidedfinancialsavings.B.Itinspiredhisinterestinsports.C.Itcreatedvaluablememoriesforhim.D.Itbroughtunexpectedadjustmentstodailylife.15.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Thereasonsforpeoplelivingtogether.B.Conveniencebroughtaboutbycohabitation.C.Theimportanceofmultigenerationalfamilies.D.Suggestionsonsmoothcohabitation.【答案】12.A13.D14.C15.D【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文，主要講述美國多代同堂居住現象的增長及其原因，并通過實例和專家建議探討如何實現和諧共居。【12題詳解】WhenAreejEIJawahri,adoctoratMassachusettsGeneralHospitalinBoston,signed第8頁/共20頁thecontracttopurchasethehousespeciallydesignedtofittheneedsofmultigenerational(多代的)residents,sheknewshewantedherparents,whothenlivedinMichigan,tojoinher.“IwantedthemtobeinastatewhereIcouldhelpmanagetheirhealthcareneeds,”shesaid.(當波士頓馬薩諸塞州總醫院的醫生阿雷吉·伊·賈瓦赫里簽署了購買這棟專為滿足多代同堂居民需求而設計的房子的合同時，她知道她想讓當時住在密歇根州的父母和)”可知，賈瓦赫里買這幢特別設計的房子是為了幫助照顧她的父母。故選A。【13題詳解】細節理解題。根據第二段“APewResearchCenteranalysisfoundthatfrom1971to2021,thenumberofpeoplelivinginmultigenerationalhouseholdsincreased,withtheshareoftheUSpopulationinthesehomesmorethandoubling,from7percentin1971to18percentin2021.(皮尤研究中心的一項分析發現，從1971年到2021年，生活在多代同堂家庭中的人數有所增加，美國多代同堂家庭的人口比例增加了一倍多，從1971年的7%增加到2021年的18%)”可知，皮尤研究中心的分析顯示了幾代同堂的生活在美國變得更普遍了。故選D。【14題詳解】細節理解題。根據倒數第二段““Livingwithmydadforthosemonthswaswonderful,”hesaid,notingthathisfatherhassincepassedaway.watchedbasketball,baseball,andgolf,wewentoutfordinner,andIcookedforhim.ThosearethedaysIwouldneverhavehadifIhadn’tbuiltthatapartment.”(“和父親一起生活的那幾個月)活為他創造了寶貴的回憶。故選C。【15題詳解】主旨大意題。根據最后一段“Still,expertsencouragepeopletohaveanopenconversationbeforetheymoveintogether.Theyproposethatbothpartiestalkaboutwhethertherearesharedexpensesandwhoisresponsibleforwhatandthattheyputtheiragreementsinwriting.Cohabitation(同居)agreementsaremonamongfriends,buttheyareequallycrucialformultigenerationalfamilies.Puttingitinwritingatthebeginningoftheprocessenablespeopletoclarifyviewpoints,andsometimesallowsthemtodecidewhethertomoveintogetherornot.(盡管如此，專家還是鼓勵人們在同居之前開誠布公地談一談。他們建議雙方討論是否分擔費用，誰負責哪些費用，并將協議寫成書面形式。同居協議在朋友之間很常見，但對于幾代同堂的家庭來說同樣至關重要。在這個過程的開始把它寫下來可以讓人們澄清觀點，有時可以讓他們決定是否一起搬進來)”可知，最后一段主要講了關于順利同居的建議。故選D。第二節共5小題每小題分，滿分分)第9頁/共20頁閱讀下文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Haveyoueverthoughtaboutpouringusedcookingoildownthesink?Justturnonthetapandflush(沖走)itallaway.___16___Notonlydoesthisbadhabitcauseproblemsinyourhouse,backyard,orneighborhood,butpouringsuchsubstancesdownthesinkalsocreateswidespreadproblemsfortheentirewastewatersystemandtheworkersresponsibleforitsmaintenance.Thesmoothdaytodayoperationofourwastewatercollectionandtreatmentreliesonthecooperationofpeopleto“dotherightthing”.ManywatermanagementauthoritiesacrossAustraliaareinbroadagreement:Pleasedon’tpouroilsdownthesink.Theyalladviceonfarbetteralternatives.Butthewaterindustryhasnocontroloverwhatwedointheprivacyofourhomes.____17____Whenstillhot,oilsareoftenliquidandcanbeeasilypouredaway.Butdowninthesewer(下水道)pipes,theyrapidlycoolandsolidify.___18___AccordingtoAustralia’sCorporation,itisestimatedthat30%ofsewerblockagesareduetooils.___19___Thinkabouthairandsocalled“flushablewipes”.Theycanbuildupovertime,creating“fatbergs”:horriblemassesofwipes,hair,hardenedoilsandotherwaste.Oilsactasthegluethathelpsfatbergsbuildupatchokepointsinsewersystems.Therearemoreresponsiblewaysofhandlingoilsthanjustflushingthemaway.___20___Smallamountsofcookingoilcansafelybeposted(制成堆肥).Evenjustpouringoilsintotherubbishisbetter.Butremember,youmayneedtocoolhotoilsdownbeforeputtingthemintothebin.A.Itisreallyuptous.B.Pleasedon’tdothat.C.Blockedsewersarebadforus.D.Someenginescanrunoncookingoil.E.Thisisaseriousandmonproblem.F.Cookingoilcanactuallyberecycledandusedtomakebiofuels.G.Oilsalsocausetroublebybiningwithotherflushedawaymaterials.【答案】16.B17.A18.E19.G20.F【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文，主要講述了將用過的食用油倒入下水道會帶來一系列問題，并給出了處理食用油更負責任的方法。【16題詳解】第10頁/共20頁上文“Haveyoueverthoughtaboutpouringusedcookingoildownthesink?Justturnonthetapandflushitallaway.(你有沒有想過把用過的食用油倒進下水道？只要打開水龍頭，把它們全部沖走。)”提出了一個設想，即把用過的食用油倒進下水道里然后沖走，下文“Notonlydoesthisbadhabitcauseproblemsinyourhouse,backyard,orneighborhood,butpouringsuchsubstancesdownthesinkalsocreateswidespreadproblemsfortheentirewastewatersystemandtheworkersresponsibleforitsmaintenance.(這種壞習慣不僅會給你的房子、后院或鄰居帶來問題，而且將這類物質倒入下水道還會給整個廢水系統以及負責維護該系統的工作人員帶來廣泛的問題。)”指出了這種習慣帶來的問題，由此可知，把用過的食用油倒進下水道然后沖走是一個壞習慣，B選項“請不要這樣做”符合語境。故選B。【17題詳解】根據上文“Butthewaterindustryhasnocontroloverwhatwedointheprivacyofourhomes.(但水務行業無法控制我們在家中私密空間的行為。)”可知，水務行業無法控制我們在家里的行為，所以處理用過的食用油這件事取決于我們自己。A選項“這真的取決于我們”承接上文，符合語境。故選A。【18題詳解】根據上文“Whenstillhot,oilsareoftenliquidandcanbeeasilypouredaway.Butdowninthesewerpipes,theyrapidlycoolandsolidify.(油在熱的時候通常是液體，可以很容易地倒掉。但在下水道管道里，它們會迅速冷卻并凝固。)”可知，油在下水道管道里會迅速冷卻并凝固，這是一個嚴重而普遍的問題。E選項“這是一個嚴重而普遍的問題”符合語境。故選E。【19題詳解】根據下文“Thinkabouthairandsocalled‘flushablewipes’.Theycanbuildupovertime,creating‘fatbergs’:horriblemassesofwipes,hair,hardenedoilsandotherwaste.Oilsactasthegluethathelpsfatbergsbuildupatchokepointsinsewersystems.(‘脂肪山’：可怕的濕巾、頭發、硬化的油脂和其他廢物的堆積。油脂就像膠水一樣，幫助脂肪山在下水道系統的堵塞點堆積起來。)”可知，油還會與其他被沖走的物質結合，從而造成麻煩，G選項中的also表示遞進關系，G選項“油還會與其他被沖走的物質結合，從而造成麻煩”引出下文，符合語境。故選G。【20題詳解】根據上文“Therearemoreresponsiblewaysofhandlingoilsthanjustflushingthemaway.(處理油脂的方法有很多，比僅僅把它們沖走更負責任。)和下文“Smallamountsofcookingoilcansafelybeposted.Evenjustpouringoilsintotherubbishisbetter.Butremember,youmayneedtocoolhotoilsdownbeforeputtingthemintothebin.(少量的食用油可以安全地堆肥。甚至只是把油倒進垃圾里也比沖走好。但要記住，把油放進垃圾桶第11頁/共20頁之前，你可能需要先把熱油冷卻。)”可知，本段介紹了一些處理食用油的更負責任的方法，F選項“食用油實際上可以回收并用來制造生物燃料”也是處理食用油的一種更負責任的方法，符合語境。故選F。第三部分語言知識運用共兩節，滿分分)第一節完型填空共小題每小題1分，滿分分)Isataloneinthelaboratory,staringattheblankwall.“Itdoesn’tworknomatterwhatIdo!”Ithoughtwith___21___.Ihadspentthepast10months___22___myexperimentbyslightlyadjustingmyexperimentalmethodinvariousways.Buttheresultsstillremained___23___.aprogressreportdeadlineapproaching___24___aboutmyacademicpatharose.Newtotheresearcharea,I___25___theplexresearchcontent.Besides,movingfromIndiatoGermanyandpersonal___26___,suchaslanguagebarriersandculturaladjustments,___27___mystress.Abreakthroughfinallycamewhenafriend___28___atotallydifferentmethod.Skepticalyethopeful,Igaveitatry,andsurprisingly,thesuggestionworked.Energizedbythis___29___,Ireflectedonmyjourney.Irealizedinsteadofblindlypursuingalloriginalexperiments,Ishould___30___understandingwhyIfailed.Presentingmyresultsatalargescientificconference,Iexpectedlittlefromaposteronfailedexperiments.itreceivedconsiderable___31___.Manyresearcherscameuptometodiscussit,sharingtheirownfailures.Myposterwonanawardattheconference,which___32___metoexploretheprobleminmoredetail.Eventually,Igotitpublished.Thejourneyreshapedmyapproachtoresearchandtoughenedmeasascientist.Ideveloped___33___thinkingstrategiesandmasteredexperimentaltechniques.Ihadn’tknownbeforethosefailures.Now,whenteachingstudents,I___34___thetroubleshooting(故障排除)methodandteachthemthatthereisa___35___tobelearnedinnegativeresults.21.A.depressionB.amazementC.hesitationD.astonishment22.A.sharingB.paringC.creatingD.repeating23.A.dramaticB.originalC.disappointingD.fundamental24.A.confidenceB.imaginationC.tirednessD.doubt25.A.setasideB.struggledwithC.figuredoutD.tookover26A.challengesB.growthC.developmentD.relationships27.A.increasedB.relievedC.controlledD.swept28.A.employedB.preferredC.presentedD.suspected第12頁/共20頁29.A.passionB.successC.curiosityD.sincerity30.A.getoverB.putC.focusonD.dreamof31.A.gratitudeB.apologyC.inquiryD.attention32.A.instructedB.convincedC.appointedD.encouraged33.A.sensibleB.criticalC.independentD.quick34.A.ignoreB.assessC.stressD.improve35.A.lessonB.ruleC.mannerD.routine【答案】21.A22.D23.C24.D25.B26.A27.A28.C29.B30.C31.D32.D33.B34.C35.A【解析】【導語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者曾經做實驗不斷失敗，非常沮喪。直到朋友提出了新的方法取得了成功，這也讓作者開始從消極結果中學習經驗。【21題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我沮喪地想。A.depression沮喪；B.amazement驚奇；C.hesitation猶豫；D.astonishment驚訝。根據上文“Isataloneinthelaboratory,staringattheblankwall.“Itdoesn’tworknomatterwhatIdo!”()”可知，實驗不順利，作者很沮喪。故選A。【22題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在過去的10個月里，我一直在重復我的實驗，以各種方式對我的實驗方法進行了輕微的調整。A.sharing分享；B.paring對比；C.creating創造；D.repeatingadjustingmyexperimentalmethodinvariousways”可知，作者一直重復實驗。故選D。【23題詳解】A.dramatic戲劇的；B.original起初的；C.disappointing令人失望的；D.fundamental基礎的。根據上文yet表示轉折，以及實驗失敗，可知結果仍然令人失望。故選C。【24題詳解】A.confidence自信；B.imagination想象力；C.tiredness疲憊；D.doubt懷疑。根據后文“aboutmyacademicpatharose”以及上文作者花費了10個月重復實驗還是失敗，說明開始對學術道路產生懷疑。故選D。【25題詳解】第13頁/共20頁A.setaside留出；B.struggledwithC.figuredoutD.tookovertheplexresearchcontent”以及“suchaslanguagebarriersandculturaladjustments”可知，作者在研究領域被復雜的研究內容所困擾，后文補充說明了其他挑戰。故選B。【26題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：此外，從印度搬到德國以及個人的挑戰，如語言障礙和文化適應，增加了我的壓力。A.challenges挑戰；B.growth成長；C.development發展；D.relationshipssuchaslanguagebarriersandculturaladjustments”主要是面臨的個人挑戰。故選A。【27題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：此外，從印度搬到德國以及個人的挑戰，如語言障礙和文化適應，增加了我的壓力。A.increased增加；B.relieved緩解；C.controlled控制；D.swept掃除。根據上文“suchaslanguagebarriersandculturaladjustments”可知，個人挑戰增加了作者的壓力。故選A。【28題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當一個朋友提出一個完全不同的方法時，終于有了突破。A.employed雇傭；B.preferredC.presentedD.suspectedatotallydifferentmethod”指朋友提出不同的方法，故選C。【29題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這次成功激勵了我，我反思了我旅程。A.passion激情；B.success成功；C.curiosity好奇心；D.sincerity真誠。根據上文“Skepticalyethopeful,Igaveitatry,andsurprisingly,thesuggestionworked.(我抱著懷疑和希望，嘗試了一下，令人驚訝的是，這個建議奏效了)”可知，建議讓作者取得了成功，故選B。【30題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：我意識到，與其盲目追求所有的原創實驗，我應該專注于理解我失敗的原因。A.getover克服；B.put推遲；C.focuson集中；D.dreamof夢想。根據后文“understandingwhyIfailed”可知，作者領悟到應該專注于理解自己失敗的原因。故選C。【31題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，它受到了相當大的關注。A.gratitude感激；B.apology道歉；C.inquiryD.attentionManyresearcherscameuptometodiscussit,sharingtheirownfailures.(許多研究人員來找我討論這個問題，分享他們自己的失敗經歷)”可知，得到了很多關注。故選D。【32題詳解】第14頁/共20頁考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我的海報在會議上獲獎了，它鼓勵我更詳細地探討這個問題。A.instructed指示；B.convinced說服；C.appointed任命；D.encouragedmetoexploretheprobleminmoredetail”可知，海報獲獎鼓勵作者更詳細地探討問題。故選D。【33題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我發展了批判性思維策略，掌握了實驗技巧。A.sensible理智的；B.criticalC.independentD.quicktobelearnedinnegativeresults”提到從消極結果中吸取教訓，可知發展處批判性思維策略。故選B。【34題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：現在，當我教學生的時候，我強調排除故障的方法，并告訴他們從消極的結果A.ignore忽視；B.assess評估；C.stress強調；D.improvethetroubleshootingmethod”指作者強調排除故障的方法，故選C。【35題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：現在，當我教學生的時候，我強調排除故障的方法，并告訴他們從消極的結果中吸取教訓。A.lessonB.ruleC.mannerD.routine常規。根據上文“Thejourneyreshapedmyapproachtoresearchandtoughenedmeasascientist.(這段旅程重塑了我的研究方法，磨練了我作為一名科學家的能力)”可知，作者教學生從消極的結果中吸取教訓。故選A。第二節共小題，每小題分，滿分分)語法填空AttheMuseeGuimetinParis,ChinesemusicianLiugivesasuonaperformance_____36_____(feature)theMogaoCaves(莫高窟).Formanyintheaudience,it’stheirfirsttimetohearsuona,atraditionalChineseinstrumentknown_____37_____its“loud,highpitched(高音調的)”sound.AsthefirstPhDofsuona,Liu____