專題09環境與生態保護（解析版）

InsideIndia'sfirstheatstrokeemergency

InoneofthelargesthospitalsinIndia'scapital,Delhi,aphysiciansayshehasneverseenanythinglikethis

before.nThisisanunprecedentedheatwave.Inmy13yearsofworkinghere,Idon'tremembersigningadeath

certificateforheatstroke.Thisyear,I'vesignedseveral/saysAjayChauhanoftheRamManoharLohiaHospital

(RMLH).

Delhihasbeenreelingunderaprolongedheatwave,withdailytemperaturescrossing40°CsinceMay,

peakingatnearly50°C.Humidityandhotwindsexacerbatetheheat,compoundedbywatershortagesandpower

outagesduetosoaringdemand.

Aheatstroke,themostsevereheatillness,isidentifiedbythreekeysigns:exposuretohighheatandhumidity,

acorebodytemperatureof40.5°Corhigher,andmentalchangeslikemildconfusionorimpairedconsciousness.

AttheRMLHclinic,possiblythefirstofitskindinIndia,theefforttosaveheatstrokepatientsunderscores

thechallengeposedbyrapidclimateandhealthemergencies.

AlloverIndia,peoplearefallingsickduetotheheat.Anewnationwidesurveyofferssomestartlinginsights

intohowheatwaveshurtpeopleandcrippleproductivity.ltshowedthat45%ofthehouseholdscontactedreported

atleastonemembergettingsickfromtheheatlastmonth.

Somethree-fburthsofIndia*sworkersworkinheat-exposedjobslikeconstructionandmining.Thisbecomes

worseduringheatwavesastherearefewersafeandproductiveworkhoursduringtheday.

【譯文欣賞】

印度首個中暑急診室內部情況

在印度首都德里最大的醫院之一，一位醫生表示他以前從未見過這樣的情況。”這是一場前所未有的

熱浪。我已經在這里工作了13年，我不記得曾為中暑患者開具過死亡證明。但今年，我已經開具了好幾

份。”拉姆?馬諾哈爾?洛希亞醫院（RMLH）的阿賈伊?喬漢說道。

德里正遭受持續的熱浪襲擊。自5月份以來，每天的氣溫都在40攝氏度以上，最高氣溫接近50攝氏

度。濕度和熱風加劇了炎熱，需求激增又引發了缺水和停電問題，可謂雪上加霜。

中暑是最嚴重的高溫病，可通過三個關鍵表征來判斷：暴露在高溫高濕的環境中，核心體溫達到40.5

攝氏度或更高，以及精神狀態的改變，比如出現輕度意識混亂或意識障礙。

RMLH中暑急救室可能是印度首家此類診所，病房中搶救中暑患者的努力，凸顯了驟變的氣候和健康

緊急情況所帶來的挑戰。

在印度各地，人們都在因高溫而生病。一項新的全國性調查揭示了熱浪是如何傷害民眾并削弱生產力

的，事實十分驚人。調查顯示，有45%的受訪家庭表示，家中至少有一名成員在上個月因為高溫生病。

印度約3/4的工人從事建筑和采礦等暴露在高溫環境下的工作。熱浪滾滾讓情況惡化，因為在白天可

以安全高效工作的時間變少了。

【詞匯積累】

1.inside[insaid]prep.一探究竟，內部揭種

2.heatstroke[hi:tstrook]n.中暑

3.physician[fi'zijbn]n.醫師，內科醫師；撫慰者

4.unprecedented[An'pres^dentid]adj.史無前例的

5.prolonged[pro'logd]adj.持續的，長期的

6.exacerbate[ig'zsessr^eit]v.加劇，惡化（負向增強）

7.humidity[hju:'midnti]n.[氣象]濕度；濕氣

8.impaired[im'pcrd]adj.受損的；v.損害（impair的過去式和過去分詞）

9.underscore[Andsr'skor]n.下劃線；v.強調，凸顯

10.pose[pouz]v.擺姿勢；造成，引發

11.fallsick[fblsik]v.（因突發因素）患病

12.startling[startslig]adj.令人震驚的

13.cripple['knpsl]v.嚴重削弱（至無法使用）

14.mining['mainig]n.礦業；采礦

【長難句分析】

原句

Aheatstroke,themostsevereheatillness,isidentifiedbythreekeysigns:exposuretohighheatandhumidity,a

corebodytemperatureof40.5°Corhigher,andmentalchangeslikemildconfusionorimpairedconsciousness.

譯文

中暑是最嚴重的高溫病，可通過三個關鍵表征來判斷：暴露在高溫高濕的環境中，核心體溫達到40.5攝氏

度或更高，以及精神狀態的改變，比如出現輕度意識混亂或意識障礙。

分析

+一[主句：Aheatstrokeisidentifiedbythreekeysigns]

+一[同位語：themostsevereheatillness]

+一[名詞短語：exposuretohighheatandhumidity]

+-[名詞短語：acorebodytemperatureof40.5°Corhigher]

+一[名詞短語：mentalchangeslikemildconfusionorimpairedconsciousness]

+一[介詞短語：likemildconfusionorimpairedconsciousness]

(-)

(2024?江西贛州?二模)GreenHaven

HeighteningEnvironmentalAwarenessAboutGreenHaven...

?VisitGreenHaventolearnhowtocareabouttheenvironmentandbroadenyourknowledgeandunderstandingof

conservationefforts.

?Ourpurposeistoshowcasewhatothershavedonetohelpconservetheenvironmentandhoweveryonecanalso

dohis/herpart.

?Webelievethateveryonecanachievethisthroughhands-onactivities.

HowGreenHavenisfunforeveryone!

ToensurethatGreenHavenneverlosesitsappealforvisitorsofallages,theinformativeaudio-visual

displaysandinteractiveactivities-housedindifferentboothsandzones-arereplacedonamonthlybasis.

GreenHavenMembershipSignuptobecomeamemberofGreenHaven!

Receiveyourmembershipcardonthespotandshowyourcardandyoucan:

□get20%offtheadmissionfee

□receivediscountsatBooth3andtheGreenCafenextdoor

GeneralinformationOpeninghours:1p.m.to6p.m.(MondaytoFriday)9a.m.to9p.m.(Saturday)

Address:1MapleRoad,Singapore123456

Admissionfee:$10(foranyoneovertheageof12)$5(forchildrenaged5to12)

1.WhichofthefollowingistrueaboutGreenHaven?

A.Itmakesvisitorsawareofvirtualactivities.

B.Itraisesawarenessofenvironmentalissues.

C.Itcanhelpusequippedwithaninquiringmind.

D.Itreplacessomedisplaysandactivitiesonceaweek.

2.WhatwillyouenjoyifyouareamemberofGreenHaven?

A.Discountsatallofitsbooths.B.AfreevisittoGreenHaven.

C.Admissionticketdiscounts.D.Freeadmissionforkidsaged5.

3.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?

A.TodrawvisitorstoGreenHaven.

B.ToattractvisitorstotheGreenCafe.

C.TohelpvisitorsgetaroundGreenHaven.

D.ToshowvisitorswhatGreenHavenlookslike.

【答案速查】1.B2.C3.A

【語篇解讀】這是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹GreenHaven并號召人們注冊成為GreenHaven的會員。

1.細節理解題。由標題中“HeighteningEnvironmentalAwareness（提高環境意識）”以及AboutGreenHaven...

中“Ourpurposeistoshowcasewhatothershavedonetohelpconservetheenvironmentandhoweveryonecanalso

dohis/herpart.（我們的目的是展示其他人在保護環境方面所做的工作，以及每個人如何也能盡自己的一份力

量。）”可知，GreenHaven提高人們對環境問題的認識。故選B項。

2.細節理解題。由GreenHavenMembership中“Receiveyourmembershipcardonthespotandshowyourcard

andyoucan:□get20%offtheadmissionfee□receivediscountsatBooth3andtheGreenCafenextdoor（當場領

取您的會員卡并出示您的卡，您可以：門票可享受八折優惠；在3號展位和隔壁的綠色咖啡館享受折扣）”

可知，如果你是GreenHaven的會員，你可以享受門票折扣。故選C項。

3.推理判斷題o由AboutGreenHaven...中"VisitGreenHaventolearnhowtocareabouttheenvironmentand

broadenyourknowledgeandunderstandingofconservationefforts.（參觀GreenHaven,了角星如何關心環境，并

拓寬您對保護工作的知識和理解。廠以及上下文可知，文章主要介紹GreenHaven,其目的是為了吸引游客

拜訪GreenHaveno故選A項。

?。1@。?I

原句

Ourpurposeistoshowcasewhatothershavedonetohelpconservetheenvironmentandhoweveryonecan

alsodohis/herpart.

譯文

我們的目的是展示其他人在保護環境方面所做的工作，以及每個人如何也能盡自己的一份力量。

分析

+--[主句：Ourpurposeistoshowcasewhatothershavedonetohelpconservetheenvironmentandhow

everyonecanalsodohis/herpart]

I

+--[不定式短語：toshowcase]

I

+??[賓語從句:whatothershavedonetohelpconservetheenvironmentandhoweveryonecan

alsodohis/herpart]

1.heightenv.提高2.environmentaladj.環境的

3.awarenessn.意識4.conservationn.保護

5.broadenv.拓寬6.appealn.吸引力

7.audio-visualadj.視聽的8.membershipn.會員資格

9.admissionn.入場10.discountn.折扣

（二）

（2024?福建泉州?三模）LeeHuiLingwasexposedtoenvironmentalandsocialissuesatayoungage.Bom

intoafamilyofartists,shewasimpressedbytheenvironmentalsubjectsofhermother'sartworksandthus

developedapasionfortheenvironment."Asachild,wouldworryabouttheozonelayer（臭氧層）expanding,

rubbishpollution,andanimalsgoingextinct.Veryserioustopicsforalittlegirl!^^

AftergraduatingfromtheSarahLawrenceCollegeinNewYorkandmovingbacktoMalaysia,HuiLing's

concerasfortheenvironmentgrew.ShesetupaGreenpeaceMalaysiaonlinecommunityonvarioussocialmedia

platforms.ThiswasinstrumentalintheeventualsettingupoftheMalaysianofficein2017.

HuiLinghelpedtoorganiseandleadatmeet-ups,aswellasrunworkshopsandtraining.Anartistand

educator,HuiLingorganisedparticipatoryartprojectsinlinewithGreenpeaceMalaysiacampaignson

deforestation,plasticpollutionandconsumerism.OneofthemwastheWingsofParadiseproject,wheresheleda

teamof30youthvolunteersincreatinga64-meterlongmural（壁畫），showingtheessenceofthebrightlycoloured

feathers,crazydancesandfantasticbehavioursofbirdsofparadise（天堂鳥）.Theprojectaimedtoremindthe

publicoftheconstantthreattothisIndonesianwildlife,andinspirepeopletoacttoprotectit.

"Environmentalactivismhastaughtmethatdoinggoodisnotasprint,butamarathon,andweneedtomake

ourselvestougherandstrongertokeepgoingthroughthedifficulttimes,9,HuiLingsaid."Thereisarayofhopein

theyouthactivismofthelastfewyears.Theyouthsoftodayarewellorganisedandpassionateinexpressingtheir

desireforpositivechangeandagreenandsustainablefutureforsaidHuiLing.

4.WhatdoweknowaboutLeeHuiLing?

A.Shegrewupinafamilyofeducators.

B.ShejoinedGreenpeaceoutofcuriosity.

C.Shestudiedenvironmentalscienceincollege.

D.Shewasenvironmentallyawaresincechildhood.

5.Whatis"WingsofParadise^intendedfor?

A.Beautifyinglocalcitystreets.

B.Furtheringresearchesonthelocalwildlife.

C.Preservingthebeautyofbirdsofparadise.

D.Trainingyoungartistsofbirdpaintings.

6.WhatisHuiLing'sopiniononenvironmentalactivism?

A.Itisalong-termcommitment.

B.Itlacksinvolvementfromtheyouth.

C.Itisareflectionofsocialwell-being.

D.Itallowsfreeexpressionsaboutfuture.

7.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.JourneytotheWild

B.ArtforChange

C.TheFoundingofGreenpeaceMalaysia

D.AGreenandSustainableFuture

【答案速查】4.D5.C6.A7.B

【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了李慧玲因家庭藝術熏陶自小關注環境問題，后創立綠色和

平組織馬來西亞分支，通過環保藝術項目如“天堂之翼”壁畫，激發公眾保護意識，認為環保行動需持之以恒，

并贊揚了當下青年的積極環保行動。

4.細節理解題。根據第一段的"LeeHuiLingwasexposedtoenvironmentalandsocialissuesatayoungage.

Bomintoafamilyofartists,shewasimpressedbytheenvironmentalsubjectsofhermother'sartworksandthus

developedapassionfortheenvironment.（LeeHuiLing在很小的時候就接觸到了環境和社會問題。她出生在一

個藝術家家庭，對母親藝術作品中的環境主題印象深刻，因此對環境產生了熱情）”可知，李慧玲自小就接

觸到了環境和社會問題，出生在一個藝術家家庭，她母親作品中的環保主題給她留下了深刻印象，因此對

環境產生了熱情。故選D。

5.細節理解題。根據第三段的"OneofthemwastheWingsofParadiseproject,wheresheledateamof30youth

volunteersincreatinga64-meterlongmural,showingtheessenceofthebrightlycolouredfeathers,crazydances

andfantasticbehavioursofbirdsofparadise.Theprojectaimedtoremindthepublicoftheconstantthreattothis

Indonesianwildlife,andinspirepeopletoacttoprotectit.（其中之一是"天堂之翼”項目，她帶領一個由30名青年

志愿者組成的團隊創作了一幅64米長的壁畫，展示了天堂鳥色彩鮮艷的羽毛、瘋狂的舞蹈和奇妙的行為的

精髓。該項目旨在提醒公眾這種印尼野生動物面臨的持續威脅，并激勵人們采取行動保護它）”可知，“Wings

ofParadise”項目旨在通過壁畫展示天堂鳥的美，以此提醒公眾這種印尼野生動物所面臨的持續威脅，并激勵

人們采取行動保護它們。故選C。

6.推理判斷題o根據最后——段HuiLing說的話“Environmentalactivismhastaughtmethatdoinggoodisnota

sprint,butamarathon,andweneedtomakeourselvestougherandstrongertokeepgoingthroughthedifficult

times.（環保行動主義教會了我，行善不是短跑，而是馬拉松，我們需要讓自己變得更堅強、更堅強，才能繼

續度過困難時期廣可知，這句話直接表明了她的觀點，環保就像馬拉松，是一個需要堅持的過程。由此可

推知，環保行動是一項長期的承諾，需要持久的努力和堅韌不拔的精神。故選A。

7.主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是最后一段的“"Environmentalactivismhastaughtmethatdoinggoodisnota

sprint,butamarathon,andweneedtomakeourselvestougherandstrongertokeepgoingthroughthedifficult

times,5,HuiLingsaid."Thereisarayofhopeintheyouthactivismofthelastfewyears.Theyouthsoftodayare

wellorganisedandpassionateinexpressingtheirdesireforpositivechangeandagreenandsustainablefuturefor

all."saidHuiLing.（惠玲說：“環保行動主義教會了我，行善不是短跑，而是馬拉松，我們需要讓自己變得更

堅強、更堅強，才能繼續度過困難時期。惠玲說：“過去幾年的青年行動主義有一線希望。今天的青年組

織嚴密，充滿激情，表達了他們對積極變革和人人享有綠色可持續未來的渴望。"）”可知，文本主要講述了

李慧玲如何從一個自小對環境有意識的孩子成長為一名通過藝術推動環保活動的社會活動家，特別是通過

“WingsofParadise”這樣的藝術項目來引起公眾對環境問題的關注并激發變革。所以“藝術促進變革”適合作

本文的標題。故選B。

原句

OneofthemwastheWingsofParadiseproject,wheresheledateamof30youthvolunteersincreatinga

64-meterlongmural,showingtheessenceofthebrightlycolouredfeathers,crazydancesandfantastic

behavioursofbirdsofparadise.

譯文

其中之一是“天堂之翼”項目，她帶領一個由30名青年志愿者組成的團隊創作了一幅64米長的壁畫，展

示了天堂鳥色彩鮮艷的羽毛、瘋狂的舞蹈和奇妙的行為的精髓。

分析

+一[主句：OneofthemwastheWingsofParadiseproject]

I

+--[定語從句：wheresheledateamof30youthvolunteersincreatinga64-meterlongmural]

II

j+-[介詞短語：increatinga64-meterlongmural]

I

+一[分詞短語：showingtheessenceofthebrightlycolouredfeathers,crazydancesandfantastic

behavioursofbirdsofparadise]

I

+--[賓語：theessenceofthebrightlycolouredfeathers,crazydancesandfantastic

behavioursofbirdsofparadise]

1.exposev.暴露2.issuen.問題

3.ozonelayern.臭氧層4.extinctadj.滅絕的

5.concernn.關心，擔憂6.instrumentaladj.有幫助的

7.eventualadj.最終的8.consumerismn.消費主義

9.essencen.本質，精髓lO.activismn.激進主義，行動主義

（三）

（2024-山東?三模）WhenChui-LianLeeandValentinaGomezstartedontheiracademicjourneysastextile

（織物）developingandmarketingmajorsattheFashionInstituteofTechnology,theywereeagertolearnmore

abouttheclothingindustry.Someofthethingstheyendeduplearningshockedthem.Theyfoundoutthatroughly

11milliontonsoftextilewasteendupinlandfilleachyear,andthechemicalsandgasesthatemergeduring

decompositionpollutetheearth.

Everysingleclassthattheyjoined,they5dgothroughtheimpactsandit'dbelike,"Okay,cottonhasthis

largeofawaterfootprintandpeopleareturningtoorganiccotton,butthafsnotreallyasolutionbecauseofthese

reasons.^^Or“Peoplearelookingatrecycledpolyester（滌綸）butthafsnotgreatbecauseitstillreleases

microplastics.Aseverysolutiontheylearnedaboutcamewithdrawbacks,theybothwoundupfeelingreally

frustrated.

Itwasn'tuntilthetwojoinedaclassontheapplicationofbiotechnologytothemanufacturingofclothing

thattheyrealizedtherecouldbeamoreenvironmentallyfriendlyoptionforthefashionindustry.LeeandGomez

learnedthattheycouldusespeciallyengineeredproteinstocreateafiberthatavoidsplasticsanddegrades（分解）

naturally,andthentheideaforWerewoolwasbom."Bychanginghowwearecreatingthefibersthatmakeupour

clothing,wecanchangetheentirelifecycleofourclothingandtheirend-of-lifeimpactsontheenvironment,

avoidingpollutionfromplastics,9,Leeexplains.

Theearly-stagebiotechcompanyfocusingondevelopingbiodegradablefibersforthetextileindustry

initiallystartedasaresearchprojectthatinvolvedmanysleeplessnightsinthelab.AfterwinningtheHM

GlobalChangeAwardin2020,theprojectlaunchedintoacompany.Overfouryearsand4.5milliondollarsin

fundinglater,Werewoolnowhas12employeesandhasbegunworkingwithbrandstodevelopclothingoutoftheir

protein-basedfibers,withthehopeoflaunchingproductsin2025.By2030,125,000tonsoffiberisexpectedto

enterthemarket,whichisabout390millionshirts.

“Ourgoalhasalwaysbeentomakethefashionindustryfriendlytonature,"saysLee.

8.WhatsurprisedLeeandGomezwhentheylearnedabouttheclothingindustry?

A.Awiderangeoftextilesareproducedeveryyear.

B.Therearemanypoisonouschemicalsinclothing.

C.Clothingindustrybringsharmtotheenvironment.

D.Thetextilewasteisquitedifficulttobreakdown.

9.Whyareorganiccottonandrecycledpolyestermentioned?

A.Topresentfeaturesoforganicclothing.

B.Tointroducemethodsofrecyclingtextilewaste.

C.Toshowthey5renotgoodoptionsforsustainability.

D.Toexplainitisessentialtoreducethewaterfootprint.

10.WhatcanwelearnaboutWerewoolaccordingtothepassage?

A.Ithasabrightprospect.B.Itfundsresearchontextilewaste.

C.Itprovestobehighlyprofitable.D.Itpioneersinplasticsdecomposition.

11.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.WerewoolMakesFashionGreen

B.BreakthroughsinAppliedBiotechnology

C.LeeandGomez5sAcademicJourneys

D.NewProtein-basedFibersHittheMarket

【答案速查】8.C9.C10.A11.A

【語篇解讀】本文為一篇說明文，講述了Chui-LianLee和ValentinaGomez創立了Werewool公司，它致力

于開發可生物降解的纖維，使時尚更環保。

8.細節理解題。根據文章第一段“Someofthethingstheyendeduplearningshockedthem.Theyfoundoutthat

roughly11milliontonsoftextilewasteendupinlandfilleachyear,andthechemicalsandgasesthatemerge

duringdecompositionpollutetheearth.（他們最終學到的一些東西震驚了他們。他們發現，每年大約有1100萬

噸紡織垃圾被填埋，在分解過程中產生的化學物質和氣體污染了地球）”可知，當Lee和Gomez知道服裝業

給環境帶來危害時，他們很驚訝。故選C。

9.推理判斷題。根據文章第二段“Everysingleclassthattheyjoined,they5dgothroughtheimpactsandifdbelike,

“Okay,cottonhasthislargeofawaterfootprintandpeopleareturningtoorganiccotton,butthat'snotreallya

solutionbecauseofthesereasons.^^Or“Peoplearelookingatrecycledpolyester（滌綸）butthat'snotgreatbecause

itstillreleasesmicroplastics.^^Aseverysolutiontheylearnedaboutcamewithdrawbacks,theybothwoundup

feelingreallyfrustrated.（他們參加的每一堂課，都會經歷這些影響，他們會說，“好吧，棉花有這么大的水足

跡，人們正在轉向有機棉花，但由于這些原因，這并不是一個真正的解決方案。”或者“人們正在考慮回收聚

酯，但這并不好，因為它仍然會釋放微塑料。”因為他們了解的每個解決方案都有缺點，所以他們都感到非

常沮喪。）”可知，文章提到有機棉花和回收聚酯是為了證明它們不是可持續發展的好選擇。故選C。

10.推理判斷題o根據文章第三段“LeeandGomezlearnedthattheycouldusespeciallyengineeredproteinsto

createafiberthatavoidsplasticsanddegrades（分解）naturally,andthentheideaforWerewoolwasborn."By

changinghowwearecreatingthefibersthatmakeupourclothing,wecanchangetheentirelifecycleofour

clothingandtheirend-of^lifeimpactsontheenvironment,avoidingpollutionfromplastics,9,Leeexplains.（李和戈

麥斯了解到，他們可以使用特殊工程蛋白來制造一種纖維，這種纖維可以避免塑料，并且可以自然降解，

于是，Werewool誕生了。李解釋說:“通過改變我們制造服裝纖維的方式，我們可以改變服裝的整個生命周

期以及它們的壽命結束對環境的影響，避免塑料污染。可知，Werewool前景廣闊。故選A。

11.主旨大意題。根據文章全文尤其是第三段“LeeandGomezlearnedthattheycouldusespeciallyengineered

proteinstocreateafiberthatavoidsplasticsanddegrades（分解）naturally,andthentheideaforWerewoolwas

bom.（李和戈麥斯了解到，他們可以使用特殊工程蛋白來制造一種纖維，這種纖維可以避免塑料，并且可以

自然降解，于是，Werewool誕生了。）“可知，本文主要講述了Chui-LianLee和ValentinaGomez創立了

Werewool公司，它致力于開發可生物降解的纖維，使時尚更環保。A選項“Werewool讓時尚更環保”適合作

為本文標題。故選A。

?。1@。?I

原句

LeeandGomezlearnedthattheycouldusespeciallyengineeredproteinstocreateafiberthatavoidsplastics

anddegrades（分解）naturally,andthentheideaforWerewoolwasborn.

譯文

李和戈麥斯了解到，他們可以使用特殊工程蛋白來制造一種纖維，這種纖維可以避免塑料，并且可以自

然降解，于是，Werewool誕生了。

分析

+一[主句：LeeandGomezlearned]

I

+--[賓語從句：thattheycouldusespeciallyengineeredproteinstocreateafiberthatavoidsplasticsand

degradesnaturally]

I

+--[主語:they]

+一[謂語：couldusespeciallyengineeredproteinstocreateafiber]

十--[定語從句：thatavoidsplasticsanddegradesnaturally]

+--[并歹U句：andthentheideaforWerewoolwasbom]

亙1歸前］稟

1.textilen.織物2.marketingn.營銷

3.landfilln.垃圾填埋場4.decompositionn.分解

5.footprintn.足跡，影響6.drawbackn.缺點

7.biotechnologyn.生物技術8.engineeredadj.設計的，改良的

9.biodegradableadj.可生物降解的10.launchv.啟動，推出

（四）

（2024?甘肅酒泉?三模）AnandMalligavad,knownasthe“LakeMan“inIndia,isamechanicalengineer

fromBengaluru.Hehasspenthislifestudyingancienttechniquesforkeepinglakesclean.Malligavadhas

successfullyrestored（恢復）manylakes,coveringatotalsurfaceareaof800acres.Theselakesnowhold106

milliongallonsofwater,andthegroundwaterlevelinthoseregionshasincreasedbyeightfeet.

Itwasin2017,andhewasoutforawalkwithcolleagueswhenhefellintoasmelly,dirtylake.Thenthe

verynextday,heaskedhiscompanyiftheywouldfundtherestorationofthe36-acrelake.However,theywere

uncertainwhetherMalligavadcoulddothis.Determinedtosucceed,Malligavadtookituponhimselftostudythe

historyofthelakeandfamiliarizehimselfwithvariouslakerestorationmethods.Fourmonthslater,Malligavad

receivedfundingfromhiscompany,whichenabledhimtostartworkingonthisprojectinthecityofBengaluru.

Withtheaidofhundredsofvolunteers,theyremovedthewasteandopenedthechannel.Malligavadthen

adoptedtheancientCholamethodtobuildmudwallsthatchanneltheextrarainwaterintothelakesforagricultural

use.Ittookthemjust45daysandthentheywaitedfbrtherains.Sixmonthslater,whentherainyseasoncame,he

wasoutboatingonafresh,cleanlake."WhenIsawthelake,Ifeltyounger,andIwantedtojumpintoit,“

Malligavadsaid.

Sincethisfirstwin,Malligavadhasnotstopped.Hehascreatedanon-profitorganizationcalledTheLake

ReviversCollective.<6A111haveisasenseofurgencythatifwedon'trepairthedamagewe'vealreadycaused,he

said,"It'sgoingtoendbadlyforallofus.WatershortageisamajorprobleminBengaluru,Watertankers（水罐車）

mustdriveintomeetthepopulation'sneeds."Hismethodshelptosolvetheproblem,andevenattractwildlife.

12.WhyisMalligavadcalledthe"LakeMan"inIndia?

A.Hehascreatedthenewestwaysofcleaninguplakes.

B.Helivesbyfishinginmanylakes.

C.Heisdevotedtorestoringlakes.

D.Heisgoodatboatingonlakes.

13.HowdidMalligavadrespondtohiscompany'sdoubt?

A.Byintroducingthehistoryofthelaketothepublic.

B.Bydoingresearchintothelaketowinsupport.

C.Bydiscontinuingtherestorationproject.

D.Byseekinghelpfromothercompanies.

14.HowcanwebestdescribetheapproachappliedinBengaluru?

A.Challenginganddissatisfying.

B.Traditionalbutuseless.

C.Practicalandfruitful.

D.Creativebutcostly.

15.WhatinspiredMalligavadtostartthenon-profitorganization?

A.Aseriouslackofwaterresources.

B.Hispassionforwildlifeprotection.

C.Thewishtoattractpublicattention.

D.Hisdesiretohelppurchasewatertankers.

【答案速查】12.C13.B14.C15.A

【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了印度“湖人”AnandMalligavad如何運用古老技法成功恢復湖

泊，解決水資源短缺問題，并創立非營利組織推動更多湖泊修復工作。

12.細節理解題。根據第一段的"Malligavadhassuccessfullyrestored（恢復）manylakes,coveringatotalsurface

areaof800acres.（馬利加瓦德成功修復了許多湖泊，總面積達800英畝）”可知，馬利加瓦德在印度被稱為“湖

人”是因為他致力于修復湖泊。故選C。

13.細節理解題。根據第二段的“Determinedtosucceed,Malligavadtookituponhimselftostudythehistoiyof

thelakeandfamiliarizehimselfwithvariouslakerestorationmethods.（決心取得成功的馬利加瓦德親自研究了

湖泊的歷史，熟悉了各種湖泊修復方法）”可知，馬利加瓦德是親自研究了湖泊的歷史，熟悉了各種湖泊修復

方法來回應公司的質疑的。故選B。

14.推理判斷題。根據第三段的“Sixmonthslater,whentherainyseasoncame,hewasoutboatingonafresh,

cleanlake."WhenIsawthelake,Ifeltyounger,andIwantedtojumpintoit,“Malligavadsaid.（六個月后，雨季來

臨，他在一個新鮮干凈的湖面上劃船。“當我看到這個湖時，我覺得自己更年輕了，我想跳進去，”馬利加瓦

德說丫'可推知，在班加羅爾應用的方法是務實而富有成果的。故選C。

15.細節理解題。根據最后一段的"WatershortageisamajorprobleminBengaluru.Watertankers（水罐車）must

driveintomeetthepopulation'sneeds」缺水是班加羅爾的一個主要問題，水罐車必須駛入以滿足人口的需

求）”可知，水資源嚴重缺乏激發了馬利加瓦德創辦這個非營利組織。故選A。

原句

Determinedtosucceed,Malligavadtookituponhimselftostudythehistoryofthelakeandfamiliarizehimself

withvariouslakerestorationmethods.

譯文

決心取得成功的馬利加瓦德親自研究了湖泊的歷史，熟悉了各種湖泊修復方法。

分析

+--[狀語：Determinedtosucceed]

I

+-[主句:Malligavadtookituponhimselftostudythehistoryofthelakeandfamiliarizehimselfwith

variouslakerestorationmethods]

I

[主語:Malligavad]

+一[謂語：tookituponhimself]

I

+一[不定式短語：tostudythehistoryofthelakeandfamiliarizehimselfwithvariouslake

restorationmethods]

I

+--[并列動詞:tostudy]

II

|+-[賓語：thehistoryofthelake]

I

[并列動詞：familiarizehimself]

+一[賓語：withvariouslakerestorationmethods]

1.surfacearean.表面積2.groundwatern.地下水

3.restorationn.修復4.uncertainadj.不確定的

5.familiarizev.使熟悉6.volunteern.志愿者

7.channeln.渠道8.ancientadj.古老的

9.agriculturaladj.農業的lO.non-profitadj.非營利的

（五）

（2024?廣西河池?模擬預測）SavetheEarthfromDecliningBiodiversity

Plantsandanimalsdependoneachotherforsurvival.Findoutwhythisbiodiversityissoimportantandhow

youcanhelp.

Skiptheselfie（自拍照）.Ridingelephants,holdingmonkeys,andtakingphotoswithlittlelionmightseem

firn,buttheseanimalsmighthavebeencaughtfromthewildandaren'tbeingproperlycaredfor.Avoidthese

activitiesonvacationunlessyouknowthegroupistrustworthyandnottreatinganimalscruelly.16

Standupforscaryanimals.Somepeopleareafraidofanimalslikewolves,sharks,andbatsandtrytoharm

them.17Becausetheykeeptheirhabitatshealthy.Sotelleveryonehowamazingtheyare.

Badplants.18Theycandestroynativespeciesandshakeupthewholeecosystem.Youcanhelp.

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