語言學導論知到課后答案智慧樹章節(jié)測試答案2025年春濰坊學院第一章單元測試

Whichofthefollowingpropertyoflanguageenableslanguageuserstoovercomethebarrierscausedbytimeandplace,duetothisfeatureoflanguage,speakersofalanguagearefreetotalkaboutanythinginanysituation?（）

A:Transferability

B:Duality.

C:Displacement

D:Arbitrariness

答案:Transferability

Dualityisoneofthecharacteristicsofhumanlanguage.ItreferstothefactthatLanguagehastwolevelsofstructures:thesystemofsoundsandthesystemofmeanings.（）

A:錯B:對

答案:對Theinformativefunctionispredominantlythemajorroleoflanguage,itisalsocalled_________functionintheframeworkoffunctionalgrammar.（）

A:textual

B:prescriptive

C:ideational

D:descriptive

答案:ideational

AccordingtoF.deSaussure,_____referstotheabstractlinguisticsystemsharedbyallthemembersofaspeechcommunity.（）

A:Performance

B:Langue

C:Parole

D:Language

答案:Langue

Langueisrelativelystableandsystematicwhileparoleissubjecttopersonalandsituationalconstraints.（）

A:對B:錯

答案:對_____isrealizedbymoodandmodality.（）

A:Informativefunction

B:Performativefunction

C:Interpersonalfunction

D:Recreationalfunction

答案:Interpersonalfunction

WhichofthefollowingstatementsistrueofJacobson’sframeworkoflanguagefunctions?（）

A:Theconativefunctionistoclearupintentions,wordsandmeanings

B:Theemotivefunctionistoconveymessageandinformation

C:Thereferentialfunctionistoindulgeinlanguageforitsownsake

D:Thephaticfunctionistoestablishcommunionwithothers

答案:Thephaticfunctionistoestablishcommunionwithothers

Onomatopoeicwordscanshowthearbitrarynatureoflanguage.（）

A:對B:錯

答案:錯Competenceandperformancereferrespectivelytoalanguageuser’sunderlyingknowledgeaboutthesystemofrulesandtheactualuseoflanguageinconcretesituations.（）

A:錯B:對

答案:對Arbitrarinessoflanguagemakesitpotentiallycreative,andconventionalityoflanguagemakesalanguagebepassedfromgenerationtogeneration.Asaforeignlanguagelearner,thelatterisimportantforus.（）

A:對B:錯

答案:對

第二章單元測試

Oftheconsonants/p/,/t/,/k/,/f/,/m/,/z/and/g/,whichhasthefeaturesofvoicelessandvelar?（）

A:/p/

B:/k/

C:/t/

D:/g/

答案:/k/

Asoundwhichiscapableofdistinguishingonewordoroneshapeofwordfromanotherinagivenlanguageisa_______.（）

A:allophone

B:phone

C:phoneme

答案:phoneme

WhichofthefollowingCANNOTbeconsideredasminimalpair?（）

A:/s/-/θ/

B:/p/-/b/

C:/a?/-/??/

答案:/s/-/θ/

_______isoneofthesuprasegmentalfeatures.（）

A:Voicing

B:Tone

C:Deletion

D:Stop

答案:Tone

ClassificationofEnglishspeechsoundsintermsofmannerofarticulationinvolvesthefollowingEXCEPT_______.（）

A:Affricates

B:Lateral

C:fricatives

D:Bilabial

答案:Bilabial

Anaspiratedp,anunaspiratedpandanunreleasedpare_______ofthepphoneme.（）

A:analogues

B:Allophones

C:tagmemes

D:morphemes

答案:Allophones

Conventionallya_______isputinslashes.（）

A:allophone

B:morpheme

C:phoneme

D:phone

答案:phoneme

Whichoneisdifferentfromtheothersaccordingtomannersofarticulation?（）

A:[w]

B:[f]

C:[z]

D:[v]

答案:[w]

Whichoneisdifferentfromtheothersaccordingtoplacesofarticulation?（）

A:[n]

B:[p]

C:[m]

D:[b]

答案:[n]

Whichofthefollowingisthecorrectdescriptionof[v]?（）

A:voicedlabiodentalstop

B:voicedlabiodentalfricative

C:voicelesslabiodentalstop

D:voicelesslabiodentalfricative

答案:voicedlabiodentalfricative

第三章單元測試

Intermsof______,wordscanbedividedintoclosed-classwordsandopen-classwords.（）

A:meaning

B:membership

C:variability

D:quality

答案:membership

Wordslikepronouns,prepositions,conjunctions,articlesare______items.（）

A:neitheropen-classnorclosed-class

B:closed-class

C:open-class

答案:closed-class

Boundmorphemesdonotinclude.（）

A:Words

B:Suffixes

C:Roots

D:Prefixes

答案:Words

______referstothewayinwhichaparticularverbchangesfortense,person,ornumber.（）

A:Inflection

B:Derivation

C:Affixation

D:Conjugation

答案:Inflection

Whichtwotermscanbestdescribethefollowingpairsofwords:table—tables,day＋break—daybreak.（）

A:inflectionandderivation

B:compoundandderivation

C:inflectionandcompound

答案:inflectionandcompound

Whichofthefollowingwordsareformedbyblending?（）

A:Television

B:Smog

C:Bunch

D:Girlfriend

答案:Smog

Aprefixisanaffixwhichappears______.（）

A:inthemiddleofthestem

B:afterthestem

C:belowthestem

D:beforethestem

答案:beforethestem

Nouns,verbs,adjectivesandmanyadverbsarecontentwords.（）

A:錯B:對

答案:對Pronouns,prepositions,conjunctionsandarticlesareallopenclassitems.（）

A:錯B:對

答案:錯Freemorphememayconstitutewordsbythemselves.（）

A:錯B:對

答案:對

第四章單元測試

_______refertotherelationshipthatlinguisticunitshavewithotherunitsbecausetheymayoccurtogetherinasentence.（）

A:Paradigmaticrelations

B:Syntagmaticrelations

C:Paratacticrelations

D:Hypotacticrelations

答案:Syntagmaticrelations

Thephrase“ontheshelf”belongsto_______construction.（）

A:exocentric

B:endocentric

C:Coordinate

D:Subordinate

答案:exocentric

______referstoconstructionwhereoneclauseiscoordinatedorconjoinedwithanother.（）

A:Conjoining

B:Government

C:Embedding

D:Concord

答案:Conjoining

ICanalysiscanbeusedtoanalyzeallkindsofambiguousstructures.（）

A:錯B:對

答案:錯__________isconcernedwiththeinternalorganizationofwords.（）

A:Semantics

B:Morphology

C:Syntax

D:Pragmatics

答案:Syntax

TransformationalGenerativeGrammarwasintroducedby_______in1957.（）

A:L·Bloomfield

B:F·Saussure

C:N·Chomsky

D:M·A·K·Halliday

答案:N·Chomsky

Predicationanalysisisawaytoanalyze_______meaning.（）

A:sentence

B:phrase

C:word

D:phoneme

答案:sentence

Asentenceisconsidered_______whenitdoesnotconformtothegrammaticalknowledgeinthemindofnativespeakers.（）

A:wrong

B:right

C:grammatical

D:ungrammatical

答案:wrong

Phrasestructurerulesallowustobetterunderstand_______.（）

A:howpeopleproduceandrecognizepossiblesentences

B:alloftheotheranswers

C:whatconstitutesthegrammaticalityofstringsofwords

D:howwordsandphrasesformsentences

答案:alloftheotheranswers

Phrasestructureruleshave

properties.（）

A:RecursiveB:socialC:functionalD:grammatical

答案:Recursive

第五章單元測試

“Weshallknowawordbythecompanyitkeeps.”Thisstatementrepresents___.（）

A:theconceptualistview

B:contexutalism

C:behaviorism

D:thenamingtheory

答案:contexutalism

_______isawayinwhichthemeaningofawordcanbedissectedintomeaningcomponents,calledsemanticfeatures.（）

A:Componentialanalysis

B:Phonemicanalysis

C:Grammaticalanalysis

D:Predicationanalysis

答案:Componentialanalysis

Thegrammaticalityofasentenceisgovernedby_______.（）

A:semanticrules

B:selectionalrestrictions

C:grammaticalrules

D:semanticfeatures

答案:grammaticalrules

Wordswhichhavedifferentmeaningsbutarewrittendifferentlyandsoundalikearecalledhyponyms.（）

A:錯B:對

答案:錯Inasentenserelationofhyponymy,asuperordinateentailsallhyponyms.（）

A:錯B:對

答案:對Incomponentialanalysis,_______beanalyzedintoHUMAN,ADULTandMALE.（）

A:man

B:woman

C:girl

D:boy

答案:man

Componentialanalysisisawaytoanalyze_______meaning.（）

A:word

B:sentence

C:phoneme

D:phrase

答案:word

Therelationshipbetween“flower”and“rose”is_______.（）

A:hyponymy

B:homonymy

C:superordinate

D:relationalopposites

答案:hyponymy

Synonymyisthetechnicalnameforthesamenessrelation.（）

A:錯B:對

答案:對Converseoppositesarepairsofwordsthatexhibitthereveralofarelationshipbetweenthetwoitems.（）

A:錯B:對

答案:對

第六章單元測試

Promising,undertaking,vowingarethemosttypicalofthe_______.（）

A:expressives

B:declarations

C:directives

D:commissives

答案:commissives

Whatessentiallydistinguishessemanticsandpragmaticsiswhetherinthestudyofmeaning_________isconsidereD.（）

A:reference

B:speechact

C:practicalusage

D:context

答案:context

Asentenceisa_________concept,andthemeaningofasentenceisoftenstudiedinisolation.（）

A:mental

B:grammatical

C:pragmatic

D:conceptual

答案:grammatical

Whichofthefollowingistrue?（）

A:Utterancesusuallydonottaketheformofsentences.

B:Allutterancescanberestoredtocompletesentences.

C:Someutterancescannotberestoredtocompletesentences.

D:Noutterancescantaketheformofsentences.

答案:Someutterancescannotberestoredtocompletesentences.

AccordingtoSearle,theillocutionarypointoftherepresentativeis______.（）

A:tocommitthespeakertosomefuturecourseofaction

B:toexpressthefeelingsorattitudetowardsanexistingstateofaffairs

C:tocommitthespeakertosomething’sbeingthecase

D:togetthehearertodosomething

答案:tocommitthespeakertosomething’sbeingthecase

Alltheactsthatbelongtothesamecategorysharethesamepurpose,buttheydiffer_________.（）

A:intheirillocutionaryacts

B:Ibntheirintentionsexpressed

C:intheireffectbroughtabout

D:intheirstrengthorforce

答案:intheirstrengthorforce

_________isadvancedbyPaulGrice.（）

A:TheGeneralPrincipleofUniversalGrammar

B:PolitenessPrinciple

C:CooperativePrinciple

D:AdjacencyPrinciple

答案:CooperativePrinciple

Pragmaticstreatsthemeaningoflanguageassomethingintrinsicandinherent.（）

A:對B:錯

答案:錯Itwouldbeimpossibletogiveanadequatedescriptionofmeaningifthecontextoflanguageusewasleftunconsidered.（）

A:對B:錯

答案:對Whatessentiallydistinguishessemanticsandpragmaticsiswhetherinthestudyofmeaningthecontextofuseisconsidered.（）

A:對B:錯

答案:對

第七章單元測試

isdefinedasanyregionallyorsociallydefinablehumangroupidentifiedbysharedlinguisticsystem.（）

A:Aspeechcommunity

B:Asociety

C:Acountry

D:Arace

答案:Aspeechcommunity

_______isacasualuseoflanguagethatconsistsofexpressivebutnonstandardvocabulary,typicallyofaibitrary,flashyandoftenephemeralcoinagesandfiguresofspeech.（）

A:Languagetaboo

B:Addressterms

C:Registervariety

D:Slang

答案:Slang

Inaspeechcommunitypeoplehavesomethingincommon_______--alanguageoraparticularvarietyoflanguageandrulesfor