專題02閱讀理解之主旨要義題

目錄

01模擬基礎練

【題型一】閱讀理解之主旨要義--文章標題題（最新模擬）

【題型二】閱讀理解之主旨要義一文章大意題（最新模擬）

【題型三】閱讀理解之主旨要義-一段落大意題（最新模擬）

02重難創新練（閱讀理解創新題）

03真題實戰練

【說明】因為是二輪復習，所以為了保持語篇的完整性，沒有對語篇進行刪減，對細節理

解題進行了藍色標注。

㈤1

聞其礎傳

題型一閱讀理解之主旨要義一文章標題題

1.（2025?四川省綿陽市涪城區綿陽中學二模）

Gobble,gobble,grabyourturkeybaster,ifsThanksgiving.CanadianThanksgiving,thatis.ThoughtheUS

versiontakesplaceonthefourthThursdayofNovember,CanadacelebratesonthesecondMondayofOctober,

whichthisyearfallsonOctober14.Formoreinsightsintothisannualgreatfeast,wereachedouttoAndrew

McIntosh,seniorsubjecteditorwiththeCanadianEncyclopedia.

Naturally,wefirsthadtoaddressaquestionoftenaskedbyAmericans-whydoesCanadacelebrate

ThanksgivinginOctoberinsteadofNovember?Historically,hesays,ThanksgivinginCanadahasgenerallybeen

aboutcelebratingthefallharvestandgivingthanksforthefooditprovidesbeforethecoldseasonsetsin."Winter

comesalotearlierinCanada,soourfallharvesthappensearlier,too,"hesays.

""CanadianThanksgivingwassetasthesecondMondayinOctober,whentheweatherisstillamenableto

outdooractivities,in1957.^^Butthecountrywascelebratinglongbeforethat.ThefirstofficialThanksgiving

holidaytookplacein1879,andinthefollowingyears,itdidn'talwayshappeninOctober.atTheexactdatefor

eachyearwasdeterminedannuallybyParliament,whichalsoassignedaunifyingthemeeachyear——itoften

centeredaroundcelebratingthemonarchy,saysMcIntosh.

Interestingly,henotestheholidayoccurredaslateintheyearasDecember6andevencoincidedwith

AmericanThanksgivingafewtimes.Asforthepresentday,someCanadians-includingthiswriter'sextended

family-opttohosttheirThanksgivingmealthedaybeforetheofficialMondayholiday,allowingthosewho

droveorflewinforthelongweekendtimetojourneybackhomeandnothavetotakeanextradayoffwork.

4.WhydoesCanadacelebrateThanksgivinginOctoberinsteadofNovember?

A.BecauseCanadianswanttofollowthehistoricalconvention.

B.Becausewintercomesearlier.

C.BecauseCanadiansareaccustomedtoit.

D.Becausecoldweathercomesslower.

5.Whichbestexplainstheunderlinedwordinthethirdparagraph?

A.Adaptable.B.Suitable.C.Affordable.D.Imaginable.

6.WhydosomeCanadianshosttheirThanksgivingmealinadvance?

A.Becauseitiseconomicalforthemtodoso.

B.Becausetheyareextremelyhomesick.

C.Becausetheywanttoearnmoremoney.

D.Becausetheycangobacktoworkintime.

7.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.ThanksgivinginAmerica.

B.TheDifferencesofThanksgivinginUSAandCanada.

C.ThanksgivinginCanada.

D?TheOriginsofThanksgivinginAmericaandCanada.

【答案】4.B5.B6.D7.C

【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了加拿大感恩節的慶祝時間、歷史背景以及現代慶祝方式。

4.細節理解題。根據文章第二段中"WintercomesalotearlierinCanada,soourfallharvesthappensearlier,

too.（加拿大的冬天來得更早，所以我們的秋季收獲也來得更早。）”可知，加拿大在10月慶祝感恩節是因為

冬天來得更早，秋季收獲也相應提前。故選B。

5.詞句猜測題。根據上文“WintercomesalotearlierinCanada,soourfallharvesthappensearlier,too.（加拿大

的冬天來得更早，所以我們的秋季收獲也來得更早。）”可知，加拿大冬天來得更早，秋季收獲也相應提

前。由此可知，加拿大將感恩節定為十月的第二個星期一，那時天氣仍然適合戶外活動。amenable在這里

的意思是“適合的，適宜的”。因此，選項B“Suitable（適合的）”是最佳解釋。故選B。

6.細節理解題。根據文章最后一段中“someCanadians一includingthiswriter'sextendedfamily一optto

hosttheirThanksgivingmealthedaybeforetheofficialMondayholiday,allowingthosewhodroveorflewinfor

thelongweekendtimetojourneybackhomeandnothavetotakeanextradayoffwork.（一些力口拿大人，包括這

位作家的親戚，選擇在正式的周一假期前一天舉辦感恩節宴會，這樣那些開車或飛來度過長周末的人就有

時間回家，而不必額外請一天假。）”可知，有些加拿大人提前舉辦感恩節宴會是為了能夠及時回去工作。

故選D。

7.主旨大意題。文章主要介紹了加拿大感恩節的慶祝時間、歷史由來以及一些現代習俗。因此，最合適

的標題是“加拿大的感恩節”。故選C。

2.（2025?黑龍江省大慶市高三第二次教學質量檢測）

SincewolveswasputontheEndangeredSpeciesList,thepredators（捕食者）haveslowlyreturnedtomore

oftheirhabitats.Butineveryplacewherewolvesrecovered,heateddebatesfollowed-abouttheirnumbers,

huntingandtrappingrights.However,Minnesotaisanexception.SomeofthetechniquesusedbyMinnesotansto

avoidconflictsmayneedtobeadoptedinotherstatesifthepredatorscontinuetoreturn.

MinnesotaistheonlyplaceintheUnitedStatestoneverkillallitswolves.Morethan2,700wolveslivein

Minnesota.ThewolfpopulationinMinnesotahasbeenremarkablystable,bouncingbetween2,400and3,000.

Thafswellabovetheoriginalrecoverygoalof1,400.Therelativelyfixedpopulationshowsthatwolveshave

likelyalreadyspreadtoeverypartofthestatethathasenoughfoodtosupportthemandisfarenoughfrommen.

Despitesuchhighnumbers,wolvesattackcattle,turkeysandotheranimalsonlessthan2%oflivestock（牲

畜）operationsinMinnesota.Aswolfnumbershaveremainedstablefornearlythreedecades,sohavethose

conflicts.Farmownershavehadmixedresultsusingvariousmethodstoscarewolvesaway.Themostadopted

methodcomesfromafarmontheborderofVoyageursNationalPark,wherewolfresearchersarebuildinga6-

foot-highfencearoundtheproperty.Earlyresultsshowthatwildwolvesdon'tseemtotrytojumpfencesforfood.

However,therearestillmanyunansweredquestions,butmostimportantlytowildlifemanagers,exactly

whatdoesahealthywolfpopulationdofortheecosystem?Togettheanswer,researchershavecometoMinnesota

tolearnabouthowwolvesbehaveandsurvive.NowwithGPSandtrackingcameras,researchersaregettingtheir

firstdetailedlookathowthesecretivepredatorsliveallyearround.

32.WhatcanwelearnaboutMinnesota?

A.Itneverkillsanyofthewolvesthere.

B.Itprovidesidealhabitatsforthewolves.

C.Itavoidsdisturbingnormalwolfactivities.

D.Itsucceedsinhandlinghuman-wolfco-existence.

33.Whatdoesthestabilityofwolfpopulationindicate?

A.WolvesinMinnesotahaveadaptedtotheenvironmentthere.

B.TheEndangeredSpeciesListiseffectiveandwellcarriedout.

C.Theoriginalrecoverygoalistoolowandneedstobeadjusted.

D.Wolvesarewidelydistributedanddistantfromhumansociety.

34.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofbuildingfences?

A.Traditional.B.Rewarding.C.Economical.D.Thoughtful.

35.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.ConflictswithWolvesResolvedHarmoniously.

B.WolfPopulationRecoveredunderProtection.

C.LivestockAttackedLessbyWildWolves.

D.HeatedDebateArousedbyWolfAttacks.

【答案】32.D33.A34.B35.A

【解析】本文是一篇說明文，主要探討了灰狼作為瀕危物種受到保護后，如何在明尼蘇達州實現數量的穩

定恢復，以及人類與狼群和諧共存的方法。

32.推理判斷題。根據文章第一段"SomeofthetechniquesusedbyMinnesotanstoavoidconflictsmayneedto

beadoptedinotherstatesifthepredatorscontinuetoreturn.（明尼蘇達人用來避免沖突的一些方法，可能需要

被其他州采用）”以及第三段中“Despitesuchhighnumbers,wolvesattackcattle,turkeysandotheranimalson

lessthan2%oflivestock（牲畜）operationsinMinnesota.（盡管數量如此之多,但在明尼蘇達州，狼襲擊牛、

火雞和其他動物的比例不到2%）”可知，明尼蘇達州在人狼共存問題上做得非常成功。因此，明尼蘇達州

成功解決了人類與狼的共存問題。故選D。

33.推理判斷題。根據第二段“Therelativelyfixedpopulationshowsthatwolveshavelikelyalreadyspreadto

everypartofthestatethathasenoughfoodtosupportthemandisfarenoughfrommen.（相對固定的種群表明，

狼可能已經擴散到州內有足夠食物支持且足夠遠離人類的所有地方）”可知，狼群的數量穩定表明它們已適

應環境，在合適的地方生活得很好。由此可推知，狼群已適應了明尼蘇達州的環境。故選A。

34.推理判斷題。根據文章第三段“Earlyresultsshowthatwildwolvesdon'tseemtotrytojumpfencesfor

food.（早期結果顯示，野狼似乎不會試圖越過柵欄來覓食）可知，筑柵欄是有效的，能夠成功阻止狼襲擊牲

畜，因此是值得推崇的方法。故選B。

35.主旨大意題。根據全文內容尤其是第一段最后一句"SomeofthetechniquesusedbyMinnesotanstoavoid

conflictsmayneedtobeadoptedinotherstatesifthepredatorscontinuetoreturn.（明尼蘇達州避免沖突的一些

技術可能需要被其他州采用）”以及后文介紹明尼蘇達州如何實現人與狼和諧共處，可知文章主要在講如何

通過經驗解決與狼的沖突，所以最佳標題是“ConflictswithWolvesResolvedHarmoniously^^（與狼的沖突和

諧解決）。故選A。

3.（2025?遼寧省遼陽市高三期末）

Animalsandplantsalsoliveandthriveonpublicsquares.Thiscreatesopportunitiesforgreaterbiodiversity

andwell-beingforthehumanpopulation.ResearchersattheTechnicalUniversityofMunich（TUM）havestudied

at103locationsinMunichhowvariousfactorsaffectfloraandfauna（動植物）.Theyadvocateaclose

examinationoflocalconditionsandamorenature-focusedapproachtothedesignofpublicspaces.

Togetherwithhisteam,WolfgangWeisser,ProfessorofTerrestrialEcologyatTUM,lookedatsuchfactors

assize,theoccurrenceoflawn,plantandtreegrowth,artificiallightsourcesandgreeninthesurroundingsofthe

103publicsquaresinMunich.Thesquaresvariedfromalmostentirelysealed（封閉的）topark-likesquares.

Theirresultsshow,withMunichasanexample,howgreatlythedifferentspacescandifferintheanimals

andotherorganismsthatcanlivethere.AttheheavilysealedMarienplatz,theresearcherscountedonly20species,

withjustonebirdandmossspeciesaswellasinsectsandbatspecies.Meanwhile,atPfrontenerPlatz,aspacewith

lawns,bushesandtrees,theyfound156taxa,including21differentkindsofbirds.AtJohannisplatz,118species

arepresent,asithastrees,hedgesandsomegrassyareasdespitebeingsealedtoarelativelylargeextent.

Unsurprisingly,moreplantsarebeneficialtomanyanimalspecies.Thisisafactorthaturbanplanning

modelsalreadytakeintoaccount.However,thestudyalsoshowsthatlawns,treesandbushesvarywidelyinterms

ofthediversityandnumbersofthespeciestheyattract.Sofar,publicspacesaredesignedwithhumansinmind,

withlittleconsiderationtoanimalsandotherspecies.

Theresearchersconcludedthatthechancesforgreaterbiodiversityareincreasedif,insteadofapplyingthe

samepatternstoeverylocation,plannerstakeintoaccountthelocalconditionsandtheneedsofdifferentspecies.

Toencouragemorebeespecies,forexample,theyshouldnotonlyplantnectar-bearingflowers,butalsoprovide

openspaceashabitatforbeesandasourceofnest-buildingmaterial.

8.WhatdoesthestudyatTUMfocuson?

A.Thebestlocationsforfloraandfauna.

B.Factorstobeconsideredinsquaredesign.

C.Theimpactoflocalconditionsonbiodiversity.

D?Thebestwayforhumansandfloraandfaunatogetalong.

9.Whatcanweknowfromparagraph3?

A.Animalsexpandinsealedparks.B.Openparkssupportmorebiodiversity.

C.Openparksarenotfitforbirdstostay.D.Closedparksareasgoodasopenones.

10.Whatdoesthestudysayabouturbangreenery?

A.Itvariesinattractingspecies.B.Itwillreplaceartificiallights.

C.Ithasnothingtodowithspecies.D.Itiswellplannedinurbanbuildings.

11.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.EnhancingUrbanDevelopment:ConsideringLocalSpecies9Needs

B.Human-animalCoexistence:IntegratingNatureintoCityDesigning

C.UrbanEcosystems:ChallengesforPlantsandAnimalsinUrbanSpaces

D.BiodiversityintheCity:DesigningUrbanSpacesforHumansandAnimals

【答案】8.B9.B10.A11.D

【解析】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了慕尼黑工業大學(TUM)的研究，探討了城市公共空間設計中考慮

當地條件和不同物種需求的重要性，以促進生物多樣性。

8.細節理解題。根據第一段"ResearchersattheTechnicalUniversityofMunich(TUM)havestudiedat103

locationsinMunichhowvariousfactorsaffectfloraandfauna(動植物).Theyadvocateacloseexaminationof

localconditionsandamorenature-focusedapproachtothedesignofpublicspaces.(慕尼黑工業大學(TUM)的研

究人員在慕尼黑的103個地點研究了各種因素如何影響動植物。他們主張密切檢查當地條件，并采取更注

重自然的方法來設計公共空間)”可知，TUM的研究集中在設計公共廣場時，影響動植物的各種因素上。

故選B項。

9.推理判斷題。根據第三段“AttheheavilysealedMarienplatz,theresearcherscountedonly20species,with

justonebirdandmossspeciesaswellasinsectsandbatspecies.Meanwhile,atPfrontenerPlatz,aspacewith

lawns,bushesandtrees,theyfound156taxa,including21differentkindsofbirds.(在高度封閉的瑪麗恩廣場，

研究人員僅計算出20個物種，包括僅有一種鳥類、苔碎物種以及昆蟲和蝙蝠物種。與此同時，在擁有草

坪、灌木和樹木的普弗龍納廣場，他們發現了156個分類單元，包括21種不同的鳥類)”可推知，開放的

公園支持更多的生物多樣性。故選B項。

10.細節理解題。根據第四段“However,thestudyalsoshowsthatlawns,treesandbushesvarywidelyinterms

ofthediversityandnumbersofthespeciestheyattract.（然而,研究還表明，草坪、樹木和灌木在吸引物種的

多樣性和數量方面存在很大差異）”可知，城市綠化在吸引物種方面存在差異。故選A項。

11.主旨大意題。根據最后一段"Theresearchersconcludedthatthechancesforgreaterbiodiversityare

increasedif,insteadofapplyingthesamepatternstoeverylocation,plannerstakeintoaccountthelocalconditions

andtheneedsofdifferentspecies.（研究人員得出結論，如果規劃者不僅僅在每個地點應用相同的模式，而

是考慮到當地條件和不同物種的需求，那么增加更大生物多樣性的機會就會增加）”及全文可知，整篇文章

主要討論了城市空間設計中考慮當地條件和不同物種需求的重要性，以促進人類和動物的共存。故選D

項。

4.（2025?云南省紅河州、文山州高中畢業生上學期第一次復習統一檢測）

Inthetropicalrainforest,therealwaysexistbattles,onestoclaimthetree'sdeadbodyandthevastamount

ofnutrientsthatitcontains.Ifsabattlethatisfoughtthroughoutthenaturalworld,involvingagroupoforganisms

thathumansrarelynotice.

Onthefloorofatropicalrainforest,it'sdark,humidandhot,providingidealconditionsforfungi（真菌）.

Humansnormallythinkoffungiasthingslikethis-mushroomsofonekindoranother.Butthesearejustthe

fruitingbodies.Theyexistformostofthetimehiddenintheleaflitterandtheearthasanetworkoffinewhite

threads.

Thethreadsofcompetingfungienveloptheirvictim'sbody,releasingenzymes（酶）whichdigestthetree9s

tissuesandunlockthenutrientswithin.Thereareamillionorsodifferentspeciesoffungiinthetropics.Some

feedondeadplants.Otherseatthemalive.Andsomerevealtheirexistenceinaneerilybeautifulway.InAfrica,in

Congo,thisisknownaschimpanzeefire.Themysteriousglowbecomesbrighterasthefungidigeststhetree.

Whenfungihavefedsufficiently,theydeveloptheirreproductiveorgans.

Eachcanproduceliterallybillionsofspores（抱子）,thetinyparticlesthatcarrythespecies5genetic

blueprint.Eachsporelikethishasthepotentialtokillatree.Thesporesaresolightthattheycanbecarriedbythe

slightestaircurrents.Atleastabillionfloataboveeverysquaremeterofrainforest.

Recently,ithasbeendiscoveredthatthesesporesdofarmorethanjustbringdeathanddecay.Theyare,in

fact,attheverycenteroftherainforest9slifesupportsystem.Highinthehumidair,thesporescombinewith

moleculesofwater.Gradually,theycollectintodroplets,whichfallasrainwhentheyareheavyenough.Over

two-and-a-halfmetersofrainfallseveryyearinarainforest.Andinthecenterofalmosteveryraindrop,thereisa

fungalspore.

12.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph1?

A.Thetrees9deadbodiesarenowpopular.B.Battlesfornutrientsoccurintherainforest.

C.Wildnatureisbeingconqueredbyhumans.D.Peoplearefullyawareofthenaturalworld.

13.Whatistheroleoffungiinatropicalrainforestecosystem?

A.Itformsanetworkoffinewhitethreadstosupporteachother.

B.Itglowstoexistintherainforestandproducebillionsofspores.

C.Itfightsagainsteachothertooccupyidealconditionsforitsliving.

D.Itdecomposesplantsandreleasesnutrientsbackintotheecosystem.

14.Howdofungalsporescontributetotherainforest9slifesupportsystem?

A.Theycombinewithwatermoleculestoformraindrops.

B.Theyfacilitatethewatercyclebyreproducingmorespores.

C.Theyfloatintheairtocooldowntheclimateintherainforest.

D.Theycontributetodealingwiththedeadtreesandbringnewlife.

15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.TheMysteriousFactsintheRainforestB.TheFormationofFungiintheRainforest

C.TheChallengeFungiFaceintheRainforestD.TheHiddenPowerofRainforestDecomposers

【答案】12.B13.D14.A15.D

【解析】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了雨林里，一場場真菌爭奪樹的死的軀干和它所含的大量營養的戰

斗遍及自然界，它們詮釋了雨林分解者的隱秘力量。

12.細節理解題。根據第一段中“Inthetropicalrainforest,therealwaysexistbattles,onestoclaimthetree*s

deadbodyandthevastamountofnutrientsthatitcontains.（在熱帶雨林中，總是會有爭斗，爭奪樹木的死的

軀干和它所含的大量營養）”可知，一場場爭奪樹的死的軀干和它所含的大量營養的戰斗遍及雨林。故選

Bo

13.推理判斷題。，根據第三段中“Thethreadsofcompetingfungienveloptheirvictim'sbody,releasing

enzymes（酶）whichdigestthetree5stissuesandunlockthenutrientswithin.（相互競爭的真菌纏繞在受害者的

身體上，釋放酶，消化樹木的組織，釋放其中的營養物質）”可推知，真菌在熱帶雨林生態系統中的作用是

分解植物并將營養物質釋放回生態系統。故選D。

14.細節理解題。根據最后一段中“Highinthehumidair,thesporescombinewithmoleculesofwater.

Gradually,theycollectintodroplets,whichfallasrainwhentheyareheavyenough.（事實上，它們是雨林生命

維持系統的中心。在潮濕的高空空氣中，抱子與水分子結合。逐漸地，它們聚集成小水滴，當它們足夠重

的時候就會變成雨）”可知，在潮濕的高空空氣中，抱子與水分子結合。它們逐漸聚集成水滴，當它們足夠

重時，就會以雨的形式落下。故選A。

15.主旨大意題。通讀全文以及第一段“Inthetropicalrainforest,therealwaysexistbattles,onestoclaimthe

tree'sdeadbodyandthevastamountofnutrientsthatitcontains.Ifsabattlethatisfoughtthroughoutthenatural

world,involvingagroupoforganismsthathumansrarelynotice.（在熱帶雨林中，總是會有爭斗，爭奪樹木的

死的軀干和它所含的大量營養。這是一場在整個自然界進行的戰斗，涉及一群人類很少注意到的生物）”可

知，文章介紹了雨林里，一場場爭奪樹的死的軀干和它所含的大量營養的戰斗遍及自然界，真菌詮釋了雨

林分解者的隱秘力量。故文章合適的標題為“雨林分解者隱藏的力量”。故選D。

5.（2025?陜西省寶雞市高三上學期高考模擬檢測（一））

Ourbodiesweredesignedfornearconstantactivityandyet,mostofustodayhavetroublefindingtimeto

exercise.Thisisreallyunfortunate,consideringthefactthatphysicalexercisehasbeenshowntimeandtimeagain

tohelptreatdepression,whicharecordnumberofpeoplesufferfrom.

AccordingtotheresearchersfromtheUniversityofConnecticut（UConn）,youdon'tneedhoursatthegym

tocheerup.Simplygettingoutofthechairandtakingawalkaroundcanreducedepressionandgiveyouageneral

stateofwell-being.

“Wehopethisresearchhelpspeoplerealizetheimportantpublichealthmessagethatsimplygoingfrom

doingnophysicalactivitytoperformingsomephysicalactivitycanimprovetheirsubjectivewell-being/says

GregoryPanza,thestudy'sleadauthor.ctWhatisevenbetternewsforthephysicallyinactivepersonisthattheydo

notneedtoexercisealottoseetheseimprovements,Panzacontinues."Instead,ourresultsshowyouwillachieve

thebestresultwithlightormoderate（強度適中）physicalactivity.

Thisisparticularlyencouragingnewsas“lightphysicalactivity^^isbasicallywalking-simple,standard

walking,thekindwhereyoudon'tsweatornoticeanincreaseinbreathingorheartrate.Andthestandard

"moderatephysicalactivity^^iswalkinga15-20minutemilewithaslightincreaseinbreathingandheartrate一

whileyouarestillabletoholdaconversation-aswellasmildsweating.

Still,theresearchersnotethatallparticipantsofthestudyhadagenerallypositivesenseofwellbeingand

weregenerallyphysicallyactive,sotheiranswersshouldbeexplainedwiththatinmind.Inaddition,thestudy

onlyanalyzedonepointintime.Alongitudinalstudy（縱向研究），whichtrackspeopleovertime,wouldoffera

betterlookattherelationshipbetweenexerciseandmood.

8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"This"refertoinparagraph1?

A.Everyoneisalwayssobusy.B.Cutbodyneedsconstantactivity.

C.Manypeoplesufferfromdepression.D.Itishardforpeopletofindtimetoexercise.

9.Whatcanwelearnfromtheresearch?

A.Itsresultsaren'twhatpeoplefor.

B.Hardphysicalexerciseisnotrecommended.

C.Evenasmallamountofexerciseshouldbevalued.

D?Physicallyactivepeoplebenefitmostfromexercise.

10.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?

A.Theirresearchhaslimitations.

B.Anotherstudyhasfoundtheopposite.

C.Furtherstudywillbeconductedsoon.

D.Theresearchfailedduetoinadequatepreparation.

11.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.CheeryourselfupB.Feelingdown?Walkitoff!

C.OvercomeyourproblemsD.Beoptimisticaboutyourhealth

【答案】8.D9.C10.A11.B

【解析】這是一篇說明文。本文主要講述了身體需要持續活動，但如今很多人沒時間鍛煉，而康涅狄格大

學的研究表明，不需要在健身房花費數小時，只需從椅子上站起來散散步等輕度或中度的身體活動，就能

改善抑郁情緒、提升幸福感，不過研究也存在一定局限性。

8.詞義猜測題。根據第——段“Ourbodiesweredesignedfornearconstantactivityandyet,mostofustodayhave

troublefindingtimetoexercise.Thisisreallyunfortunate（我們的身體被設計用來接近恒定的活動，然而，今

天大多數人發現很難找到時間來鍛煉。這真的很不幸）”可知，我們的身體本就需要持續活動，然而如今大

多數人卻很難找到時間鍛煉，“This”指代前文提到的“人們很難找到時間鍛煉”這件事，D選項符合語境，

故選D項。

9.細節理解題。根據第三段““Whatisevenbetternewsforthephysicallyinactivepersonisthattheydonot

needtoexercisealottoseetheseimprovements,Panzacontinues."Instead,ourresultsshowyouwillachievethe

bestresultwithlightormoderate（強度適中）physicalactivity."（"對于不愛運動的人來說，更好的消息是他們

不需要進行大量鍛煉來看到這些改善?！迸嗽^續說?！跋喾矗覀兊慕Y果展示你將通過輕度或中度的身體

活動獲得最佳效果?？芍?，對于缺乏身體活動的人來說，不需要大量運動就能看到改善，少量的運動

（輕度或中度身體活動）就能達到最佳效果，即便是少量運動也應該被重視，故選C項。

10.推理判斷題。根據最后——段“Still,theresearchersnotethatallparticipantsofthestudyhadagenerally

positivesenseofwellbeingandweregenerallyphysicallyactive,sotheiranswersshouldbeexplainedwiththatin

mind.Inaddition,thestudyonlyanalyzedonepointintime.Alongitudinalstudy（縱向研究），whichtrackspeople

overtime,wouldofferabetterlookattherelationshipbetweenexerciseandmood（然而，研究人員指出，所有

參與研究的人都普遍擁有積極的幸福感，并且通常都進行身體活動，因此他們的回答應該考慮到這一點。

此外，這項研究只分析了某一時間點的數據。一個縱向研究（跟蹤人們隨時間的推移），將能更好地觀察

運動與情緒之間的關系）”可知，研究人員指出參與者普遍幸福感較強且身體較活躍，研究僅分析了一個時

間點，說明該研究存在局限性，故選A項。

11.主旨大意題。根據第一段"Ourbodiesweredesignedfornearconstantactivityandyet,mostofustoday

have

troublefindingtimetoexercise.（我們的身體天生就是為了接近持續的活動而設計的，然而，今天大多數人

卻難以找到時間來鍛煉）"、第三段""Wehopethisresearchhelpspeoplerealizetheimportantpublichealth

messagethatsimplygoingfromdoingnophysicalactivitytoperformingsomephysicalactivitycanimprovetheir

subjectivewell-being,9,saysGregoryPanza,thestudy'sleadauthor.caWhatisevenbetternewsforthephysically

inactivepersonisthattheydonotneedtoexercisealottoseetheseimprovements,Panzacontinues.^Instead,our

resultsshowyouwillachievethebestresultwithlightormoderate（強度適中）physicalactivity."（"我們希望這項

研究能幫助人們意識到一個重要的公共衛生信息，那就是僅僅從不進行任何身體活動到進行一些身體活

動，就能提高他們的主觀幸福感，”研究的首席作者格雷戈里?潘扎說?！皩τ诓粣圻\動的人來說，更好的

消息是他們不需要進行大量鍛煉來看到這些改善，”潘扎繼續說?！跋喾矗覀兊慕Y果展示你將通過輕度或

中度的身體活動獲得最佳效果。以及最后一段“Still,theresearchersnotethatallparticipantsofthestudy

hadagenerallypositivesenseofwellbeingandweregenerallyphysicallyactive,sotheiranswersshouldbe

explainedwiththatinmind.Inaddition,thestudyonlyanalyzedonepointintime.Alongitudinalstudy（縱向研

究）,whichtrackspeopleovertime,wouldofferabetterlookattherelationshipbetweenexerciseandmood（然

而，研究人員指出，所有參與研究的人都普遍擁有積極的幸福感，并且通常都進行身體活動，因此他們的

回答應該考慮到這一點。此外，這項研究只分析了某一時間點的數據。一個縱向研究（跟蹤人們隨時間的

推移），將能更好地觀察運動與情緒之間的關系）”可知，文章開篇指出人們沒時間鍛煉很不幸，接著闡述

康涅狄格大學研究表明不需要長時間高強度鍛煉，只需起身散散步等輕度或中度活動就能改善情緒、提升

幸福感，最后說明研究的局限性，重點圍繞運動改善情緒展開，B選項“Feelingdown?Walkitoff!（心情低

落？走一走?。奔赛c明心情低落這一與抑郁相關的情緒問題，又突出通過走路這種簡單運動來改善，符合

主旨，故選B項。

題型二閱讀理解之主旨要義一文章大意題

1.（2025?黑龍江省大慶市高三第二次教學質量檢測）

Sincethefirstbicyclehittheroad,bicyclistshaveenjoyedracingtheirbikes.Today,theworld'sbestriders

gatherinScotlandtocompeteintheUCICyclingWorldChampionships.Whetherthebicyclistsaretestingtheir

speed,strengthorstyle,thecompetitionprovidesaspectacleforcyclingfans.

In2022,around300,000fanscheeredfortheirfavoriteridersattheevent.Atthesametime,over300

millionmorewatchedtheglobalbroadcast.Thisyearthechampionshipsareexpectedtobeamongthetop-10

most-watchedsportingeventsintheworld.

Themen'sandwomen'sexcitingsprint（沖刺）roadracesarefavoritesofnearly230millionviewers.Each

racefeaturesamassstart,andthenridersusetheirspeedandskillstocrossthefinishlinefirst.Anotherpopular

contestisthemen'sandwomen'stime-trialtestofendurance（耐力），whichattractsnearly180million.Soloriders

raceagainsttheclockforthefastesttime.Competitorswhohavethebestbike-handlingskillsandendurancecome

outontop.Whilesomeenjoytraditionalraces,othersprefertowatchthetechniquesdisplayedbythefreestyle

riders.

ThefirstversionoftheseWorldChampionshipswasheldin1893inChicago.Overtheyears,ithasbecome

oneofthemostimportantcompetitionsinthecyclingworld.Initsearlydays,amateurriderswouldcompeteon

openroads.However,ascyclingbecamemorepopularandthenumberofparticipantsgrew,theracesweremoved

tospeciallydesignedcourses.Thisallowsforasaferandmorecontrolledenvironmentforthecyclists.

TheUCICyclingWorldChampionshipsarenowheldinadifferentlocationeveryyear,thusincludinga

widervarietyoflandscapesintheraces.Italsogivesridersfromdifferentcountriesthechancetoexperience

differenttypesofconditionsandclimates.Withitsexcellentreputationandexcitingvarietyofraces,the

Championshipscontinuetoimpressandexciteaudiences.

28.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“spectacle“inparagraph1probablymean?

A.Preciousopportunity.B.Fantasticshow.

C.Valuableknowledge.D.Wonderfulscenery.

29.Whatisthefunctionofparagraph3?

A.TostresstheintensityofUCICyclingWorldChampionships.

B.ToprovethepopularityofUCICyclingWorldChampionships.

C.Tovividlydemonstratetheexceptionalskillsofthecompetitors.

D.Tostronglyrecommendsomemostattractiveeventstoreaders.

30.Whydidthechampionshipsabandonopenroads?

A.Toincreasethevarietyofparticipants.JkTocontrolthenumberofathletes.

C.Toguarantee