專題09閱讀理解議論文

目錄

題型綜述2

解題攻略3

題型01主旨大意題3

題型02細節理解題5

題型03推理判斷題6

題型04詞義猜測題9

高考練場

?題型簡介

高考英語閱讀理解議論文，通常圍繞某一觀點、現象或問題展開論述，作者通過擺事實、講道理，運用

邏輯推理來闡明自身看法，說服讀者接受其觀點。文章往往結構清晰，包含論點、論據與論證過程，選

材涉及社會熱點、教育理念、科技發展爭議、文化現象剖析等諸多領域，旨在考查學生對復雜文本的理

解、分析及批判性思維能力。

?命題類型

>主旨大意題：要求提煉文章核心論點，常以"What'sthemainideaofthepassage?"這類問句出現，選

項可能是對全文中心思想的精準概括，也可能是過于寬泛、片面的干擾表述。

>細節理解題：針對文中論據、支撐性事例或特定關鍵信息設題，題目會明確指向文章某一處，如

"'Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsabout...istrue?”,考查學生捕捉精準細節的

能力。

>推理判斷題：需依據文章現有論述、語氣傾向推測隱含意義、作者態度，題干表述多為“Whatcanbe

inferredfromthepassage?^,答案并非原文直白呈現，要經適度推導。

>詞義猜測題：聚焦文中超綱詞、熟詞僻義或特定語境下有特殊含義的詞匯，例如“Theunderlined

word'XXX'intheparagraphmostprobablymeans.要求結合上下文破解詞義謎團。

?解題思路

?讀題預判：快速瀏覽題目與選項，圈出關鍵信息，像主旨題中的“mainidea”、細節題里的專有名詞

等，預判閱讀重點，帶著問題意識去讀文章。

?通讀抓論點：首次通讀，定位文章開頭段，多數議論文在此點明主題、拋出論點；同時留意各段首

句，它們常起承上啟下、引出分論點的作用，梳理出全文論述脈絡。

?定位找論據：碰上細節、詞義類題目，依據題目關鍵詞，精準回文定位，在定位段落中細讀上下文，

借助因果、對比、舉例等邏輯關系鎖定答案，比如出現"forexample"后的內容大概率是在解釋前面

論點，對理解詞義、補充細節很關鍵。

?推理重邏輯：面對推理題，緊扣文章已知觀點、事實，杜絕過度臆想，分析作者用詞褒貶、論證走向

來判斷態度傾向；梳理段落、句子間的邏輯鏈條，像因果推導、讓步轉折后的語義走向，讓推理有理

有據。

?核查避陷阱：選完答案后，代入原文再次核查，看選項是否契合全文主旨、對應細節是否無誤，警惕

偷換概念、無中生有、以偏概全這類常見陷阱選項。

02解題攻略

題型01主旨大意題

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?關注文章的首尾段落：議論文的主旨通常出現在文童的開頭或結尾。苜段往往提出論點或問題

,屬段則總結觀點或得出結論。

?抓住主題領味鍵詞：主題句是概括文宣主旨的關鉞。在閱讀過程中，要注意段落中的主題句

以及文章中反復出現的關鍵詞。

?綜合各段大意，！1至內總結：如果文章沒有明確的主題句，可以先概括每一段的大意,然后綜合

各段內容,歸納出文章的中心思想。

典例剖析

（23-24高三上?江蘇揚州?期末）

“Womanreadingbook,underanightsky,dreamyatmosphere,ItypeintoDeepDreamGenerator'sText2

Dreamfeature.Inlessthanaminute,animageisreturnedtomeshowingwhatI'vedescribed.

WelcometotheworldofAIimagegeneration,whereyoucancreatewhatonthesurfacelooksliketop-rank

artworkusingjustafewtextprompts（提示）.Butcloserexaminationshowsoddities.Thefaceofthewomanin

myimagehasveryoddfeatures,andappearstobeholdingmultiplebooks.And,whilethere9saninitialthrillat

seeinganimageappear,there?snocreativesatisfaction.

AIimagegenerationcouldinfluenceeverythingfromfilmtographicnovelsandmore.Children's

illustratorswerequicktoraiseconcernsaboutthetechnology.TheysayAi-generatedartistheexactoppositeof

whatartisbelievedtobe.Fundamentally,artisallabouttranslatingsomethingthatyoufeelinternallyinto

somethingthatexistsexternally.Whateverformittakes,trueartisaboutthecreativeprocessmuchmorethanifs

aboutthefinal

piece.Andsimplypressingabuttontogenerateanimageisnotacreativeprocess.

Beyondcreativity,therearedeeperissues.Tocreateimagesfromprompts,AIgeneratorsrelyondatabases

ofalreadyexistingartandtext.Thiscouldleadtothecreationofimagesthatareintentionallymeanttoimitatethe

styleofotherartists,withouttheiragreement.ThereisanargumentthatAIgeneratorsworknodifferentlyto

humanswhenitcomestobeinginfluencedbyothers'work.However,ahumanartistisalsoaddingemotionand

nuance侈田微差另U）intothemix.AIdoesn'tdothesame——itcanonlycopy.

TheincreasinguseofAIwillalsoleadtoadevaluing（貶彳氐）oftheworkofartists.There?salreadya

negativeprejudicetowardsthecreativeindustry.Peoplewillbegintothinkthattheir"work"isasexcellentasthat

createdbysomeonewhohasspentacareermakingart.It'snonsense,ofcourse.Youcanuseyourmobilephoneto

takeanicepictureofyourdaughter,butyouarenomatchforprofessionals.

7.WhatisParagraph4ofthetextmainlyabout?

A.ThestylesofhumanartworksandAIones.

B.Humanartists5influenceonAIgenerators.

C.DifferentmeansusedinhumanandAIartcreation.

D.Thedrawbacksofdrawingfromexistingartandtext.

8.Whichofthefollowingbestsummarizesthelastparagraph?

A.Artisthemirroroflife.B.Romeisnotbuiltinaday.

C.Nomancandotwothingsatonce.D.Don'tjudgeabookbyitscover.

【答案】7.C8.B

【導語】這是一篇議論文。作者認為人工智能圖像生成雖然便捷，但也有不少弊端，在文中從幾個方面進

行了闡述。

7.主旨大意題。根據第四段第二句到第四句"Tocreateimagesfromprompts,AIgeneratorsrelyondatabases

ofalreadyexistingartandtext.Thiscouldleadtothecreationofimagesthatareintentionallymeanttoimitatethe

styleofotherartists,withouttheiragreement.ThereisanargumentthatAIgeneratorsworknodifferentlyto

humanswhenitcomestobeinginfluencedbyothers'work.（為了根據提示創建圖像，人工智能生成器依賴于

已經存在的藝術和文本數據庫。這可能會導致在未經其他藝術家同意的情況下，故意模仿其他藝術家的風

格。有一種觀點認為，人工智能生成器在受他人工作影響方面與人類沒有什么不同。）”和最后兩句

“However,ahumanartistisalsoaddingemotionandnuance侈田彳散差另1J）intothemix.AIdoesn'tdothesame一

itcanonlycopy.（然而，人類藝術家也在混合中添加情感和細微差別。人工智能不會做同樣的事情——它只

能復制。廠可知，第四段主要是講在人類和AI藝術創作中使用的不同手段。故選C。

8.主旨大意題。根據最后一段第一句"TheincreasinguseofAIwillalsoleadtoadevaluing（貶低）ofthe

workofartists4越來越多地使用人工智能也將導致藝術家的作品貶值。）”可知，“冰凍三尺非一日之寒”最能

總結最后一段。故選B。

題型02細節理解題

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□□回國

?抓論點、尋論據：閱讀議論文時，要抓住作者提出的觀點、給出的例證及最后得出的

結論。這些論點和論據是理解文章細節的關鍵，能夠幫助考生快速定位到相關信息

e

?注重文章結構，理青文章院加把握文章的論證結構，如“提出問題一分析問題一

解決問題”或“論點一論據一

典例剖析

（23-24高三上?湖南婁底?期末）

Recently,Iwaswalkingwithsomeparentswhenwecameacrossafive-poundnotelyingontheground.

Westoodarounditforamoment,abitawkwardly,untilsomeonesuggestedputtingitonanearbybench.Then

oneoftheparentsremarkedthatwe'dprobablyhavebehaveddifferently-thatis,wewouldhavejusttakenthe

money-hadwebeenalone.

Thisrelatestoaclassicquestioninstudiesofhumangenerosity:dowebehavemoreselfishlywhenwe

aren'tbeingobserved?Thedebategoesonacrossthepsychologicalandbiologicalsciences,aswellasinpopular

culture,aboutwhetherkindnesscanexistinacompetitiveworld.

YomKippurisaJewish（猶太人的）religiousholidaywhenJewishpeoplefastandaskforforgivenessfor

thewrongsthey'vecommitted.OneofthepointsofYomKippuristobehavebetterregardlessofwhoiswatching.

There5sanevolutionarybeautytotheteachingsofYomKippur,whicharetheproductsofthousandsofyearsof

culturalchangesandevolution.

TheMaasaipeopleofKenyapracticeosotua:relationshipsbetweenpeoplethatoperatebasedonneed.

Whensomeoneformsanosotuarelationshipwithanother,theyenterintoanunwrittencontracttohelptheir

partnerintimesofneed.Andhunter-gatherergroups,whichcanrepresentthecircumstancesourspeciesevolved

in,havemanysimilarexamples.

Culturalevolutionhelpstoexplaintheexistenceandcomplexityofthesesystems.Culturalchangesarefar

fasterthanbiologicalevolution,allowingintelligentspecieslikehumanstodevelopbehavioraladaptationsfor

managingcomplexsocialenvironments.Osotua,oranyotherpracticethathelpstomaintaingoodtreatmentof

othersinsociety,istheresultoftensofthousandsofyearsofculturaltrialanderror.Thecustomspasseddown

overtimearethosethathelpustodevelopasculturalgroups.

Thestudyofthosechangeshashelpedustounderstandhowwesuccessfullyspreadaroundtheworldas

cooperativegroups.Biologicalevolutionhashelpedhumansbemorecooperative,butculturalchangeshave

acceleratedthisprocess.

Culturalevolutionhelpsustoovercomeourselfishnatures.Trytounderstandrulesbeforeyouignorethem

一andnexttimeyoufindafiverontheground,youmightthinkabouttheawkwardsituationyourdiscovery

represents.

13.Whatmadetheparentsfeelabitawkward?

A.Thedifficultysharingthemoney.

B.Thedifficultyfindingtheownerofthemoney.

C.Thethoughtofputtingthemoneyonthebench.

D.Thethoughtofkeepingthemoneyforthemselves.

15.Howisbiologicalevolutiondifferentfromculturalevolution?

A.Itevolvesmuchslower.B.Ittakesmuchlesstime.

C.Itisamorecomplexprocess.D.Itmakeshumansmorecooperative.

【答案】13.D15.A

【導語】本文是一篇議論文。文章主要討論了在這個充滿競爭的世界里善行是存在的，不同的社會中存在

不同的善行的事例，而善行的存在是千百年來的文化進化所致，它幫助我們克服自私的本性。

13.細節理解題。根據第一段中"Westoodarounditfbramoment,abitawkwardly,untilsomeonesuggested

puttingitonanearbybench.Thenoneoftheparentsremarkedthatwe'dprobablyhavebehaveddifferently一

thatis,wewouldhavejusttakenthemoney一hadwebeenalone.（我們圍著它有點尷尬地站了一會兒，直到

有人建議把它放在附近的長凳上。然后，其中一位家長說，如果我們單獨在那里，我們的行為可能會有所

不同一也就是說，我們會直接拿走錢）”可知，當看到地上的錢時，這些父母們實際上產生了自私的想

法：將錢占為己有，這種想法使人感到有點尷尬。故選D項。

15.細節理解題。根據第五段中“Culturalchangesarefarfasterthanbiologicalevolution,allowingintelligent

specieslikehumanstodevelopbehavioraladaptationsformanagingcomplexsocialenvironments.（文化的變化

比生物進化要快得多，這使得像人類這樣有智力的物種能夠發展出適應復雜社會環境的行為）”可知，生物

進化與文化進化的不同之處在于它進行地慢得多。故選A項。

題型03推理判斷題

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□口囪回

?以事實為依據，曲遺輯推理：推理判斷題要求考生根據文章中的事實信息、，通過邏輯推

理得出結論。要注意區分事實與觀點，確保推理過程符合文章的邏輯關系。

?體會文章語言特點，才因屋作者寫《磕度：理解作者的觀點和態度是進行推理判斷的基礎。

有時候作者的觀點和態度并不是明確表達出來的，需要考生認真體察和分析。

?關注文章中的隱含信息：推理判斷題往往考查文章中隱含或深層的含義。考生需要關注

十音山的修裝.運片.暄僉音用笛繪而中。音的淬巨僉。.

典例剖析

（23-24高三上?河北石家莊?期末）

WouldyouBETonthefutureofthisman?Heis53yearsold.Mostofhisadultlifehasbeenalosing

struggleagainstdebtandmisfortune.Awarinjuryhasmadehislefthandstopfunctioning,andhehasoftenbeen

inprison.Drivenbyheaven-knows-whatmotives,hedeter-minestowriteabook.

Thebookturnsouttobeonethathasappealedtotheworldformorethan350years.Thatformerprisoner

wasCervantes,andthebookwasDonQuixote（《堂吉訶德》）.Andthestoryposesaninterestingquestion:why

dosomepeoplediscovernewvitalityandcreativitytotheendoftheirdays,whileothersgotoseedlongbefore?

We'veallknownpeoplewhorunoutofsteambeforetheyreachlife'shalfwaymark.I'mnottalkingabout

thosewhofailtogettothetop.Wecan'tallgetthere.I'mtalkingaboutpeoplewhohavestoppedlearningon

growingbecausetheyhaveadoptedthefixedattitudesandopinionsthatalltoooftencomewithpassingyears.

Mostofus,infact,progressivelynarrowthevarietyofourlives.Wesucceedinourfieldofspecialization

andthenbecometrappedinit.Nothingsurprisesus.Weloseoursenseofwonder.But,ifwearewillingtolearn,

theopportunitiesareeverywhere.

Thethingswelearninmaturityseldominvolveinformationandskills.Welearntobearwiththethingswe

can'tchange.Welearntoavoidself-pity.Welearnthathowevermuchwetrytoplease,somepeoplearenever

goingtoloveusanideathattroublesatfirstbutiseventuallyrelaxing.

Withhighmotivationandenthusiasm,wecankeeponlearning.Thenwewillknowhowimportantitisto

havemeaninginourlife.However,wecanachievemeaningonlyifwehavemadeacommitmenttosomething

largerthanourownlittleegos（自我），whethertolovedones,tofellowhumans,towork,ortosomemoralconcept.

Manyofusequate（視等同于）“commitment“withsuch“caring“occupationsasteachingandnursing.

Butdoinganyordinaryjobaswellasonecanisinitselfanadmirablecommitment.Peoplewhoworktowardsuch

excellencewhethertheyaredrivingatruck,orrunningastoremaketheworldbetterjustbybeingthekind

ofpeopletheyare.They'velearnedliffe'smostvaluablelesson.

1.ThepassagestartswiththestoryofCervantestoshowthat.

A.lossoffreedomstimulatesone'screativity

B.ageisnotabarriertoachievingone'sgoal

C.miseryinspiresamantofightagainsthisfate

D.disabilitycannotstopaman'spursuitofsuccess

2.WhatcouldbeinferredfromParagraph4?

A.Thosewhodaretotryoftengetthemselvestrapped.

B.Thosewhotendtothinkbackcanhardlygoahead.

C.Opportunityfavorsthosewithacuriousmind.

D.Opportunityawaitsthosewithacautiousmind.

3.WhatdoestheauthorintendtotellusinParagraph5?

A.Atoughmancantoleratesuffering.

B.Awisemancanlivewithoutself-pity.

C.Amanshouldtrytosatisfypeoplearoundhim.

D.Amanshouldlearnsuitablewaystodealwithlife.

4.Whatistheauthor9spurposeinwritingthepassage?

A.Toprovideguidanceonleadingameaningfuladultlife.

B?Tostresstheneedofshoulderingresponsibilitiesatwork.

C.Tostatetheimportanceofgeneratingmotivationforlearning.

D.Tosuggestawayofpursuingexcellenceinourlifelongcareer.

【答案】1.B2.C3.D4.A

【導語】本文是一篇議論文。文章以名著《堂吉訶德》的作者Cervantes的事跡為例，講述了想要成功，

就要不斷地學習，這樣人生才有意義。

1.推理判斷題。根據第一段"Heis53yearsold.Mostofhisadultlifehasbeenalosingstruggleagainstdebt

andmisfortune.Awarinjuryhasmadehislefthandstopfunctioning,andhehasoftenbeeninprison.Drivenby

heaven-knows-whatmotives,hedeter-minestowriteabook.（他今年53歲。他成年后的大部分時間都在與債

務和不幸作著失敗的斗爭。一次戰爭受傷使他的左手失去了功能，他經常被關進監獄。不知出于什么動

機，他決定寫一本書。）”可知，Cervantes已經53歲，不再年輕，前半生一直生活在不幸中，但即便這

樣，他還是決定寫一本書；根據第二段“Thebookturnsouttobeonethathasappealedtotheworldformore

than350years.（事實證明，這本書350多年來一直受到全世界的歡迎。戶可知，他最終實現了目標，并取

得了巨大成功。由此推知，文章用Cervantes的故事作為開始，是為了告訴讀者年齡不是實現目標的障

礙。故選B。

2.推理判斷題。根據第四段“Nothingsurprisesus.Weloseoursenseofwonder.But,ifwearewillingtolearn,

theopportunitiesareeverywhere.（沒什么讓我們驚訝的。我們失去了驚奇感。但是，如果我們愿意學習，機

會無處不在。）”可知，從第4段可以推斷出機會垂青于有好奇心的人。故選C。

3.推理判斷題。根據第五段"Welearntobearwiththethingswecan'tchange.Welearntoavoidself-pity.We

learnthathowevermuchwetrytoplease,somepeoplearenevergoingtoloveusanideathattroublesatfirst

butiseventuallyrelaxing.（我們學會忍受我們無法改變的事情。我們學會避免自憐。我們知道，無論我們多

么努力

地取悅別人，有些人永遠不會愛我們——這個想法一開始會讓人煩惱，但最終會讓人放松。戶可推知，作

者是想告訴我們，要學會用恰當的方式來對待生活。故選D。

4.推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是第六段“Withhighmotivationandenthusiasm,wecankeeponlearning.

Thenwewillknowhowimportantitistohavemeaninginourlife.However,wecanachievemeaningonlyifwe

havemadeacommitmenttosomethinglargerthanourownlittleegos（自我），whethertolovedones,tofellow

humans,towork,ortosomemoralconcept.（有了高度的動力和熱情，我們就能繼續學習。然后我們就會知

道在我們的生活中有意義是多么重要。然而，只有當我們對比我們的小我更重要的事情做出承諾時，我們

才能獲得意義，無論是對所愛的人，對人類同胞，對工作，還是對某些道德觀念。廠可知，作者的目的是

為了給人們指導人們如何過上有意義的成年生活。故選Ao

題型04詞義猜測題

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?利用上下文語境：通過閱讀上下文，根據已知的佶息或常識來推測生詞或短語的含義。上下文

提供的語境線索是推斷詞義的關建。

?注is詞義的多義性加^匕一個詞可能有多個義項，要結合上下文選探最合適的詞義。同時注

意詞與詞之間的搭配習慣，如固定搭配、習慣用法等。

?借助語法知識：根據句子結構和語法關系來判斷詞義。例如，通過句子成分、從句關系等來推

斷詞義。

典例剖析

（23-24高三上?廣東東莞?期末）Themushroomingvideoscreensinbuses,taxisandapartmenthallsin

citieslikeShanghaiaretakingawayouralreadyrareresource:aplaceforamomentofpeace.Takinganapor

readingabookonbusesislesspleasantnow,astheLCDscreensbroadcastnews,entertainmentand

advertisementsatunbearablevolumes.

Youpaythebusfaresimplytogetaride-undisturbed-butnowyouareexposedtothis“addedvalue”,

whetheryoulikeitornot.Ififsacrowdedbus,thenoiseisevenmoreexasperating.MoreandmoreChinese

citieshavejoinedShanghai,regardedasthefirsttoputvideoscreensonbuses,disturbingmillionsofpassengers.

29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"exasperating“inParagraph2mean?

A.Entertaining.

B.Encouraging.

C.Disappointing.

D.Annoying.

【答案】29.D

【導語】本文是一篇議論文，主要討論了在公交車、出租車、公寓大廳里用視頻屏幕播放內容這一現象，

這奪走了人們尋找片刻安寧的機會。

29.詞句猜測題。根據畫線詞前句"Youpaythebusfaresimplytogetaride一undisturbed—butnowyouare

exposedtothis'addedvalue,,whetheryoulikeitornot.（你支付公交車費用只是為了乘車不受干擾但

現在你暴露在這種‘附加值'中，無論你喜歡與否。）”可知，乘客

乘坐公交車是為了不受干擾地乘車，但視頻屏幕播放內容會打擾乘客享受安寧，再結合畫線詞所在句中的

“acrowdedbus"和"thenoise”可推知，在擁擠的公交車中，播放視頻的噪音會更加讓人生氣。exasperating

意為“惹人生氣的"，與annoying意思最接近。故選D。

典例剖析

（23-24高三上?廣東深圳?期末）First-yearcollegestudentsoftenareexpectedorrequiredtolivein

dormitories.Intherestyears,it'susuallyuptothosestudentstodecidewhethertoliveonoroffcampus.

Atfirstglance,off-campushousingcanappearlessexpensive.Buttheadditionalexpensesoutsideofrent——

likeutilities,groceries,Internetaccess,cableandfurniture-areoftenoverlooked.Toreduceoff-campuscosts,

somestudentschoosetoooerpackhousesorapartments,sometimeswithfourorfivepeopleinatwo-bedroom

house.Unlikeoff-campushousing,thetotalcostoflivingoncampusistypicallyall-inclusive,covetingrent,

utilities,furniture,Wi-Fiandamealplan.

19.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"overpack“inthelastparagraphmean?

A.Overlook.B.Overconsume.C.Overestimate.D.Overload.

【答案】19.D

【導語】本文是一篇議論文。主要介紹的是大學生選擇校內外住宿的優劣，并提供了選擇建議，分析了校

內住宿對學習的益處和校外住宿的獨立生活技能需求。

19.詞義猜測題。根據劃線單詞前的“Toreduceoff-campuscosts（為了減少校外居住的成本）”以及劃線單詞

后的“sometimeswithfourorfivepeopleinatwo-bedroomhouse（有時四五個人住在一套兩居室的房子里。）”

可知，為了降低成本，有些學生選擇在兩室的臥房里住進四五個人，說明房子里住的人太多，由此可推

斷，劃線單詞overpack的意思應與“塞滿或者擠滿”意思相近。故選D項。

03同?考練場

（2024年新課標高考英語I卷C篇）

Iscomprehensionthesamewhetherapersonreadsatextonscreenoronpaper?Andarelisteningtoand

viewingcontentaseffectiveasreadingthewrittenwordwhencoveringthesamematerial?Theanswerstoboth

questionsareoften"no”.Thereasonsrelatetoavarietyoffactors,includingreducedconcentration,an

entertainmentmindset（心態）andatendencytomultitaskwhileconsumingdigitalcontent.

Whenreadingtextsofseveralhundredwordsormore,learningisgenerallymoresuccessfulwhenifson

paperthanonscreen.Alargeamountofresearchconfirmsthisfinding.Thebenefitsofprintreadingparticularly

shinethroughwhenexperimentersmovefromposingsimpletasks-likeidentifyingthemainideainareading

passage-toonesthatrequirementalabstraction-suchasdrawinginferencesfromatext.

Thedifferencesbetweenprintanddigitalreadingresultsarepartlyrelatedtopaper5sphysicalproperties.

Withpaper,thereisaliterallayingonofhands,alongwiththevisualgeographyofdistinctpages.Peopleoften

linktheirmemoryofwhatthey'vereadtohowfarintothebookitwasorwhereitwasonthepage.

Butequallyimportantisthementalaspect.Readingresearchershaveproposedatheorycalled“shallowing

hypothesis（假說）”.Accordingtothistheory,peopleapproachdigitaltextswithamindsetsuitedtosocialmedia,

whichareoftennotsoserious,anddevotelessmentaleffortthanwhentheyarereadingprint.

Audio（音頻）andvideocanfeelmoreengagingthantext,andsouniversityteachersincreasinglyturnto

thesetechnologies一say,assigninganonlinetalkinsteadofanarticlebythesameperson.However,

psychologistshavedemonstratedthatwhenadultsreadnewsstories,theyremembermoreofthecontentthanif

theylistentoorviewidenticalpieces.

Digitaltexts,audioandvideoallhaveeducationalroles,especiallywhenprovidingresourcesnotavailablein

print.However,formaximizinglearningwherementalfocusandreflectionarecalledfor,educatorsshouldn't

assumeallmediaarethesame,evenwhentheycontainidenticalwords.

28.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“shinethrough“inparagraph2mean?

A.Seemunlikelytolast.B.Seemhardtoexplain.

C.Becomereadytouse.D.Becomeeasytonotice.

29.Whatdoestheshallowinghypothesisassume?

A.Readerstreatdigitaltextslightly.B.Digitaltextsaresimplertounderstand.

C.Peopleselectdigitaltextsrandomly.D.Digitaltextsaresuitableforsocialmedia.

30.Whyareaudioandvideoincreasinglyusedbyuniversityteachers?

A.Theycanholdstudents*attention.B.Theyaremoreconvenienttoprepare.

C.Theyhelpdevelopadvancedskills.D.Theyaremoreinformativethantext.

31.Whatdoestheauthorimplyinthelastparagraph?

A.Studentsshouldapplymultiplelearningtechniques.

B.Teachersshouldproducetheirownteachingmaterial.

C.Printtextscannotbeentirelyreplacedineducation.

D.Educationoutsidetheclassroomcannotbeignored.

【答案】28.D29.A30.A31.C

【解析】

【導語】本文是議論文。主要討論了紙質閱讀與數字閱讀、音頻和視頻學習方式的差異和效果。

【28題詳解】

詞句猜測題。根據前文“Whenreadingtextsofseveralhundredwordsormore,learningisgenerallymore

successfulwhenifsonpaperthanonscreen.Alargeamountofresearchconfirmsthisfinding.（當閱讀幾百字或

更多的文本時，在紙上學習通常比在屏幕上學習更成功。大量的研究證實了這一發現）”可知，在紙上學習

更有成效，以及后文“whenexperimentersmovefromposingsimpletasks-likeidentifyingthemainideaina

readingpassage-toonesthatrequirementalabstraction-suchasdrawinginferencesfromatext.（當實驗人員

從提出簡單的任務（如識別閱讀文章的主旨）轉移到需要思維抽象的任務（如從文本中推斷）時）“推知，此處

應是表達“當實驗者從簡單的任務轉向需要精神抽象的任務時，紙質閱讀的益處就變得顯而易見”之意，所

以shinethrough應是，顯而易見”之意，和D項意思相近。故選D項。

【29題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據第四段"Butequallyimportantisthementalaspect.Readingresearchershaveproposeda

theorycalled“shallowinghypothesis（彳段說）Accordingtothistheory,peopleapproachdigitaltextswitha

mindsetsuitedtosocialmedia,whichareoftennotsoserious,anddevotelessmentaleffortthanwhentheyare

readingprint.（但同樣重要的是精神層面。閱讀研究人員提出了一個名為“shallowinghypothesis”的理論。根

據這一理論，人們以適合社交媒體的心態接觸數字文本，這些文本通常不那么嚴肅，與閱讀印刷品時相

比，投入的精神努力也更少）“可知，shallowinghypothesis假設讀者在閱讀數字文本時會持有一種輕松的心

態，不會像閱讀紙質書籍那樣投入太多的心理努力。故選A項。

【30題詳解】

細節理解題。根據第五段“Audio（音頻）andvideocanfeelmoreengagingthantext,andsouniversityteachers

increasinglyturntothesetechnologies一say,assigninganonlinetalkinsteadofanarticlebythesameperson.（音

頻和視頻可能比文本更具吸引力，因此大學教師越來越多地轉向這些技術，例如分配在線講座而不是同一

作者的文章），，可知，音頻和視頻比文本更能吸引學生的注意力，所以大學教師越來越多地使用這些技術。

故選A項。

【31題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據最后——段“Digitaltexts,audioandvideoallhaveeducationalroles,especiallywhenproviding

resourcesnotavailableinprint.However,formaximizinglearningwherementalfocusandreflectionarecalled

for,educatorsshouldn'tassumeallmediaarethesame,evenwhentheycontainidenticalwords.（數字文本、音頻

和視頻都具有教育作用，尤其是在提供印刷品中無法獲得的資源時。然而，為了在需要精神集中和反思的

情況下最大限度地學習，教育工作者不應假定所有媒體都是相同的，即使它們包含相同的單詞）”可知，盡

管數字

文本、音頻和視頻在教育中有一定作用，但當需要精神集中和反思以最大化學習時，教育者不應假定所有

媒體都是相同的，即使它們包含相同的單詞。這表明作者認為紙質文本在教育中的作用仍然不可替代，因

此暗示紙質文本在教育中的重要性。故選C項。

（2024年新課標高考英語甲卷D篇）

“Ididn'tliketheending,Isaidtomyfavoritecollegeprofessor.Itwasmyjunioryearofundergraduate,and

IwasdoinganindependentstudyonVictorianliterature.IhadjustfinishedreadingTheMillontheFlossby

GeorgeEliot,andIwasheartbrokenwiththeending.Prof.Gracie,withallhispatience,askedmetothinkaboutit

beyondwhetherIlikeditornot.HesuggestedIthinkaboutthedifferencebetweenendingsthatIwantedforthe

charactersandendingsthatwererightforthecharacters,endingsthatsatisfiedthestoryeveniftheydidn'thavea

traditionallypositiveoutcome.Ofcourse,IwouldhavepreferredadifferentendingforTomandMaggieTulliver,

buttheendingtheygotdidmakethemostsenseforthem.

Thiswasanahamomentforme,andIneverthoughtaboutendingsthesamewayagain.Fromthenon,ifI

wantedtoreadanendingguaranteedtobehappy,I'dpickupaloveromance.IfIwantedanendingIcouldn't

guess,rdpickupamystery（懸疑4、說）.OnewhereIkindofknewwhatwasgoingtohappen,historicalfiction.

Choosingwhattoreadbecameeasier.

Butwritingtheend-thafshard.Ifshardforwritersbecauseendingscarrysomuchweightwithreaders.

Youhavetobalancecreatinganendingthafsunpredictable,butdoesn'tseemtocomefromnowhere,onethatfits

what'srightforthecharacters.

Thafswhythisissue（期）ofWriter5sDigestaimstohelpyoufigureouthowtowritethebestendingfor

whateverkindofwritingyou'redoing.Ifit'sshortstories,PeterMountfordbreaksdownsixtechniquesyoucan

trytoseewhichonehelpsyoustickthelanding.ElizabethSimsanalyzesthefinalchaptersoffivegreatnovelsto

seewhatkeypointstheyincludeandhowyoucanadaptthemforyourwork.

Thisissuewon'ttellyouwhatyourendingshouldbe-thafsuptoyouandthestoryyou9retelling-buit

mightprovidewhatyouneedtogetthere.

12.WhydidtheauthorgotoProf.Gracie?

A.Todiscussanovel.B.Tosubmitabookreport.

C.Toargueforawriter.D.Toaskforareadinglist.

13.WhatdidtheauthorrealizeafterseeingGracie?

A.Writingisamatterofpersonalpreferences.

B.Readersareoftencarriedawaybycharacter.

C.Eachtypeofliteraturehasitsuniqueend.

D.Astorywhichbeginswellwillendwell.

14.Whatisexpectedofagoodending?

AItsatisfiesreaders5taste.B.Itfitswiththestorydevelopment.

C.Itisusuallypositive.D.Itisopenforimagination.

15.WhydoestheauthormentionPeterMountfordandElizabethSims?

A.Togiveexamplesofgreatnovelists.B.Tostressthethemeofthisissue.

C.Toencouragewritingforthemagazine.D.Torecommendtheirnewbooks.

【答案】12.A13.C14.B15.B

【解析】

【導語】本文是一篇議論文。文章首先通過作者與教授關于小說結局的討論引發了對結局的思考，接著闡

述了不同類型的文學作品結局