退役鋰離子電池回收與資源化技術Recycling

ofspentlithium-ionbateries:

a

review

ofcurrent

processes

andtechnologies1行業發展與研究背景鋰離子電池回收與再生技術北理工課題組電池回收最新進展總結與展望3CategoriesMaterialsPropertiesPotentialenvironmental

pollutionCathodematerialLiCoO2/LiMn2O4/LiNiO2/LiNiCoMnO2Reactswithwater,acids,

reducingagentsorstrong

oxidizingagents(hydrogen

peroxide,chlorate,

etc.)

to

produce

harmful

metaloxides.Heavy

metal

pollution

raisesthe

environmental

pHAnode

materialCarbon

material/graphite,

lithium

intercalationincaseoffireorhigh

temperature,

dust

can

explodeand

reactwithstrongacidand

strong

alkali

to

producegasessuch

as

CO

and

CO2

.TheCO

andsolid

dust

particlesproduced

bythecombustionofthe

anode

materialcontaminatetheair.ElectrolyteLiPF6/LiBF4/LiAsF6It

is

highlycorrosiveandcan

produce

HF

whenexposedtowater,andcan

be

oxidizedto

producetoxic

substances

such

as

P2O5

,

Li2O,

B2O3Fluorine

pollutionchangesthe

pHof

theenvironment,andthe

toxic

gas

generated

pollutestheairandstimulatesthe

human

bodythrough

theskin

and

breathing.ElectrolytesolventEthylenecarbonate/Propylenecarbonate/DimethylcarbonateThe

hydrolyzate

producesaldehydesandacids,whichcan

produce

CO,

CO2

,etc.Organic

mattersuchasaldehydes,

ketones,and

methanolSeparatorPP/PECombustioncan

produceCO,aldehyde,

etc.Organic

pollutionBinderPVDF

、VDF

、EPDItcan

reactwithfluorine,fumingsulfuric

acid,

strong

alkali,alkali

metal,anddecompose

by

heat

toproduce

HF.Thermaldecomposition

produces

HF

andfluorine

pollution退役鋰離子電池安全處置將面臨嚴重挑戰我國政府部門高度重視動力蓄電池回收利用管理工作，從2012年開始即制定了汽車動

力蓄電池回收利用的相關政策，之后各相關部委陸續出臺多項相關政策scale/costpurity67892014年~2019年

國家重點基礎研究計劃973計劃2008年~2013年

國家重點基礎研究計劃2002年~2008年

國家重點基礎研究計劃國際期刊論文

136篇國內外邀請報告

110次

國家發明專利

23項退役動力電池綠色回收技術與資源化再生1999年~2002年

國家高技術863計劃國家863計劃973計劃973計劃1112Diagrammatic

sketch

of

reaction

mechanism

Possible

structures

of

the

reaction

products131617I.梯次利用——

Howtoreusetheseremaining

powerfor

a

power

battery

that

also

has

80%

power.II.安全拆解——Avoidsafetyaccidentssuchasfire

and

explosion,

and

at

the

sametimetakeintoaccountautomation

efficiency

issues.III.材料純度——Getgoodimpurityremoval

effect

by

simple

method

IV.

二次污染——Avoidtoxicandharmfulgasesandwaste

liquids,etc.V.復雜材料——The

diversity

of

cathode

materials

makes

recovery

difficult,

lessrecoveryforthenegativeelectrodeand

electrolyteVI.

環境經濟效應——Effectivelyimprovetheeconomicsandreflectingtheenvironmental