鋼結構材料的類型Typesofsteelstructuralmaterials鳥巢作為2008年北京奧運會的主體育場，是我國鋼結構建筑中的標志性建筑。TheBird'sNest,asthemainstadiumofthe2008BeijingOlympics,isalandmarkbuildinginChina'ssteelstructurearchitecture.僅鳥巢外部鋼結構的搭建就使用了4.2萬噸鋼材，而且全部為國產鋼！使用的絕大部分為Q345D型號的鋼材，局部受力大的部位采用了Q460鋼材。TheconstructionoftheexternalsteelstructureoftheBird'sNestaloneused42000tonsofsteel,allofwhichweredomesticallyproduced!ThevastmajorityofthesteelusedisQ345Dsteel,andQ460steelisusedinpartswithhighstress.在鋼結構設計時，會根據鋼結構建筑的重要性、荷載情況、結構形式等，選擇不同類型的鋼材。Inthedesignofsteelstructures,differenttypesofsteelwillbeselectedbasedontheimportance,loadconditions,structuralform,etc.ofthesteelstructurebuilding.人需要在厄運中不斷磨礪自己、鍛煉自己的意志，為了自己的理想努力奮斗，最終百煉成鋼。Peopleneedtoconstantlyhonethemselvesandexercisetheirwillpowerinthefaceofadversity,workhardfortheirideals,andultimatelyrefineintosteel按冶煉時脫氧程度沸騰鋼F半鎮靜鋼bZ特殊鎮靜鋼TZ鎮靜鋼Z鎮靜鋼和特殊鎮靜鋼的代號可以省去。AccordingtothedegreeofdeoxidationduringsmeltingBoilingsteelFSemikilledsteelbZKilledsteelZSpecialkilledsteelTZThecodesforkilledsteelandspecialkilledsteelcanbeomitted3.優質碳素結構鋼1.碳素結構鋼2.低合金高強度結構鋼鋼結構用鋼品種TypesofsteelusedforsteelstructurescarbonstructuralsteelHighstrengthlowalloystructuralsteelHighqualitycarbonstructuralsteel1.鋼結構碳素鋼碳素鋼的牌號GradeofcarbonsteelQ屈服點的數值

質量等級符號

脫氧方法符號

195215235255275ABCD

FZbTZ碳素鋼一般指碳鋼。

碳鋼是含碳量在0.02%~2.0%之間。SteelstructurecarbonsteelCarbonsteelgenerallyreferstocarbonsteel.Carbonsteelhasacarboncontentbetween0.02%and2.0%.ValueofyieldpointQualitylevelsymbolSymbolfordeoxygenationmethodQ235-C屈服點為235MPa的C級鎮靜鋼Q235—D屈服點為235MPa的D級特殊鎮靜鋼Q235-A-F屈服點為235MPa的A級沸騰鋼Q235—A-b屈服點為235MPa的A級半鎮靜鋼鎮靜和特殊鎮靜鋼的代號“Z”、“TZ”可以省略，C級鋼為鎮靜鋼、D級鋼為特殊鎮靜鋼，脫氧方法的代號也可以省略。Thecodes"Z"and"TZ"forkilledandspecialkilledsteelscanbeomitted.C-gradesteeliskilledsteel,D-gradesteelisspecialkilledsteel,andthecodefordeoxidationmethodcanalsobeomitted.A-gradeboilingsteelwithayieldpointof235MPaGradeAsemikilledsteelwithayieldpointof235MPaC-gradekilledsteelwithayieldpointof235MPaD-gradespecialkilledsteelwithayieldpointof235MPa8概

念低合金高強度結構鋼是在鋼的冶煉過程中添加少量的幾種合金元素(含碳量均不大于0.02%，合金元素總量不大于0.05%),使鋼的強度明顯提高,故稱低合金高強度結構鋼。2.低合金高強度結構鋼HighstrengthlowalloystructuralsteelConceptsLowalloyhigh-strengthstructuralsteelisatypeofsteelthatsignificantlyincreasesitsstrengthbyaddingasmallamountofseveralalloyingelements(withacarboncontentofnomorethan0.02%andatotalalloyingelementcontentofnomorethan0.05%)duringthesmeltingprocess.Therefore,itiscalledlowalloyhigh-strengthstructuralsteel.2.低合金高強度結構鋼低合金高強度結構鋼Q屈服點的數值

質量等級符號

脫氧方法符號

295345390420460

ABCDE

ZTZHighstrengthlowalloystructuralsteelHighstrengthlowalloystructuralsteelValueofyieldpointQualitylevelsymbolSymbolfordeoxygenationmethodQ345-D屈服點為345MPa的D級低合金高強度結構鋼。D-gradelowalloyhigh-strengthstructuralsteelwithayieldpointof345MPa.Q345-D11漢語拼音字母（GJ)代表高性能建筑結構用鋼Q345GJCQ345GJC屬于建筑結構用鋼板,簡稱高建鋼,是低合金高強度鋼。Q345GJCbelongstothesteelplateforbuildingstructures,abbreviatedashighconstructionsteel,andisalowalloyhigh-strengthsteel.345——屈服點的數值C——質量等級TheChinesePinyinLetter(GJ)representshigh-performancesteelforbuildingstructures345-ValueofyieldpointC-Qualitylevel低合金鋼主要用于軋制各種型鋼、鋼板、鋼管及鋼筋。廣泛的應用于鋼結構和鋼筋混凝土結構中。型鋼鋼板鋼管SectionsteelsteelplateSteelpipeLowalloysteelismainlyusedforrollingvarioussections,steelplates,steelpipes,andsteelbars.Widelyusedinsteelandreinforcedconcretestructures.133.優質碳素鋼概念：優質碳素結構鋼是含碳小于0.8%的碳素鋼，這種鋼中所含的硫、磷及非金屬夾雜物比碳素結構鋼少，機械性能較為優良。Concept:Highqualitycarbonstructuralsteelisacarbonsteelwithacarboncontentoflessthan0.8%.Thissteelcontainslesssulfur,phosphorus,andnon-metallicinclusionsthancarbonstructuralsteel,andhasbettermechanicalproperties.應用：在工程中一般用于生產預應力混凝土用鋼絲、鋼絞線、錨具，以及高強度螺栓、重要結構的鋼鑄件等。Application:Generallyusedinengineeringtoproducesteelwires,steelstrands,anchorsforprestressedconcrete,aswellashigh-strengthboltsandimportantstructuralsteelcastings.HighqualitycarbonsteelH：表示淬透性鋼H：Denoteshardenabilitysteel14優質碳素鋼平均碳含量

較高含錳量

鋼材冶金質量

脫氧方式

用途/特性/工藝方法

萬分之幾記例如：08F：平均含碳量為0.08%Forexample,08Fhasanaveragecarboncontentof0.08%較高含錳量的優質碳素鋼。如65MnHighqualitycarbonsteelwithhighmanganesecontent.Forexample,65MnA：高級優質碳素鋼E：特級優質碳素鋼A:HighqualitycarbonsteelE:PremiumqualitycarbonsteelFbZZ通常省略50MnE表示平均碳含量為0.5%，較高含錳量的鎮靜特級優質碳素鋼。Representsakilledspecialgradehigh-qualitycarbonsteelwithanaveragecarboncontentof0.5%andahighermanganesecontent.ZisusuallyomittedPurpose/Characteristics/ProcessMethodDeoxygenationmethodMetallurgicalqualityofsteelHighmanganesecontentAveragecarboncontentHighqualitycarbonsteel15對于30~45號鋼優質碳索結構鋼主要用于重型結構的鋼鑄件及高強螺栓，65~80號鋼主嬰用于預應力混凝上碳素鋼續、刻痕鋼絲和鋼紋線。Forhigh-qualitycarbonca