專題20動詞語態(tài)（原卷版）一、主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)如何轉(zhuǎn)換二、被動語態(tài)的基本用法和特殊用法三、被動語態(tài)在中考題中的考察方向有哪些考點1被動語態(tài)的基本用法①不知道誰是動作的執(zhí)行者。如:ThecarwasmadeinChina.這輛汽車是中國產(chǎn)的。②由于某種原因沒有必要指出誰是動作的執(zhí)行者。如:Englishiswidelyusedintheworld.英語在世界上被廣泛使用。③需要強調(diào)動作的承受者。如:ProfessorBlackwillbeinvitedtothemeeting.Black教授將被邀參加會議。（2023·江蘇連云港·中考真題）5.Tomaketheenvironmentmuchbetter,moretrees________nextyear.A.plant B.willplant C.areplanted D.willbeplanted（2023·江蘇蘇州·中考真題）Aftertheinterview,theastronautswere____43____(move）awayforhealthchecks.（2023·江蘇泰州·中考真題）Universitystudents___64___(encourage)todomoreexerciseafterclass.Butsomejuststayintheclassroomalldaylong.（2023·江蘇無錫·中考真題）47.ThisT-shirt__________(make)ofsilkanditfeelsverysmooth.（2023·江蘇徐州·中考真題）12.TheMonkeyKingisatraditionalChinesecharacter.It________bypeopleofallages.A.isloved B.wasloved C.willlove D.isloving（2023·江蘇鎮(zhèn)江·中考真題）9.WhenIwasapupil,someofmypocketmoney________tobuycomicbooks.A.use B.isused C.used D.wasused（2023·江蘇揚州·中考真題）12.Sandturnstoglasswhenit________bylightning.A.hits B.ishit C.ishitting D.willbehit（2023·江蘇揚州·中考真題）50.Theartistsare________totellgoodChinesestoriesintheirfavoriteartforms.(encourage)（2023·江蘇南京·中考真題）47.AllthedialogueinBaiju_____________(speak)inNanjingdialect,easytounderstand,andfullofhumor.1.Over$30,000_______forachildren'shospitalbyaBritishgirlseveralmonthsago.A.israisedB.wasraisedC.willberaisedD.hasbeenraised2.Thenovelbymanypeopletoday.A.isreadB.arereadC.readsD.wereread3.Theletter(write)byLinTaonow.4.Thebridge(finish)nextmonth.5.TheCD-ROMs(sell)already.6.Theblackboard(clean)whenIcamein.考點2主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)的方法語態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)換的幾種類型：1.Mystudentsalwaysshareideasinclass.Ideasalwaysbymystudentsinclass.2.Theuniversitywillinvitemanygraduatestocelebrateits100thbirthday.Manygraduateswillbytheuniversitytocelebrateits100thbirthday.3.Myfatherboughtmeawatchyesterday.(改為被動語態(tài))Awatchmeyesterday.4.Atlasttheboywasmadeandbegantolaugh.A.stopcryingB.tostoptocryC.tostopcryingD.stoptocry5.InmanyplacesinChina,theoldover90notonlybytheirfamilybutalsobythegovernment.A.istakinggoodcareB.aretakengoodcareofC.istakinggoodcareofD.aretakengoodcare6.Amy,aswellasherbrothers,____________awarmwelcomewhenreturningtothevillagelastweek.A.isgivenB.aregivenC.wasgivenD.weregiven考點3被動語態(tài)的特殊用法帶雙賓語的主動句如何變?yōu)楸粍泳?(1)通常把指“人”的間接賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z，指“物”的直接賓語保留不變。如:Hetoldusastory.→Weweretoldastory(byhim).他給我們講了一個故事。Myfathergavemeanewpen.→Iwasgivenanewpenbymyfather.我爸爸給我一支新鋼筆。(2)如果要把指“物”的直接賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z，間接賓語前有時要加介詞to(在send,pass,write,give,show,bring等動詞之后)或for(在buy,cook,make,order,choose等動詞之后)。如:Myteachergavemesomeadvice.→Someadvicewasgiventomebymyteacher.我的老師給我提了一些建議。Mymotherboughtmeanewbag.→Anewbagwasboughtformebymymother.我媽媽給我買了一個新包。感官動詞或表示“變化”的動詞不能用于被動語態(tài)。需要記住的單詞有:look(看起來)sound(聽起來)taste(嘗起來)smell(聞起來)continue(繼續(xù))feel(摸起夾.感受)seem(似乎)remain(仍然)keep(保持)prove(證明)在口語中常用“get+過去分詞”來表示被動getmarried結(jié)婚gethurt受傷getdressed穿衣服getlost迷路get+過去分詞getdrunk喝醉了getpaid獲得報酬getstarted行動起來gettreated得到治療getelected當選例如:Shegotmarriedlastweek.她上周結(jié)婚了。Thepatientgottreatedonceaweek.那位病人一周得到一次治療。Hefelloffthecarandgotkilled.他從汽車上掉下來，摔死了。【注意】被動語態(tài)和系表結(jié)構(gòu)都是be+過去分詞，但被動語態(tài)表示以主語為承受者的動作，而系表結(jié)構(gòu)則表示主語的特點或所處的狀態(tài)，一般不和by短語連用。如:Theschoolgateisclosednow.(系表結(jié)構(gòu))Theschoolgateisshutbyanoldmanat6p.m.everyday.(被動語態(tài))有些動詞主動形式表示被動的含義有些被動形式表示主動的含義(1)有些不及物動詞的主動形式可表被動意義。這樣的動詞有act,open,close,catch,sell,read,keep,draw,drive,write等。如:Theshopopensatsixinthemorning.這家商店早上六點開門營業(yè)。(2)一些表示感知的連系動詞如look,feel,sound,taste,smell等常用主動形式表被動意義。如:Theredappletastesdelicious.這個紅蘋果很好吃。(3)在need,want,require,deserve等動詞后面常接動名詞的主動形式表示被動意義。如:Yourdeskneedsrepairing.你的課桌需要修理了。(4)動詞不定式作定語，與被修飾的名詞或代詞構(gòu)成邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，且又和句中另外一個名詞或代詞構(gòu)成邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系時，這時不定式的主動形式表示被動意義。如:Myteachergavemesomehomeworktodo.我的老師給我布置了一些家庭作業(yè)去做。(todo與homework構(gòu)成邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，又和me構(gòu)成邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系)(5)當動詞不定式作表語形容詞easy,hard,difficult,impossible,good等的狀語，又和句子的主語構(gòu)成邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系時，該不定式的主動形式表示被動意義。如:Englishiseasytolearn.英語容易學。(6)在“too...to”和“enoughto”結(jié)構(gòu)中，如果句子的主語是不定式的邏輯賓語，這時動詞不定式的主動形式表示被動意義。如:Thewateristoodirtytodrink.水太臟，不能喝。（2022·江蘇常州·中考真題）Duringholidays,groupsofyoungmuseumguides____42____(see)everywhereinChangzhouMuseum.（2022·江蘇連云港·中考真題）Asurveywill________nextweektoknowmoreaboutchildren’sdailyhabits.（2022·江蘇泰州·中考真題）64.Jiangsuautomatic(自動化)testoflisteningandspeaking_______(hold)inAprileveryyear.（2022·江蘇無錫·中考真題）12.UNICEF,partoftheUnitedNations,________inEuropein1946afterWorldWarII.A.setup B.wassetup C.tookup D.wastakenup（2022·江蘇無錫·中考真題）53.You________(expect)tobemoreorganizedinhighschool.Soyoucankeepadiary.（2022·江蘇徐州·中考真題）13.I________byaliensonmywayhometheotherday.Doyoubelieveme?A.haveattacked B.wasattacked C.wasattacking D.amattacked（2022·江蘇徐州·中考真題）Attheendoftheparty,onthedinnertable,MrZhang’sdaughterlaidtwobigbowlsofnoodleswhich____59____(eat)upinaminutebythewholefamily.（2022·江蘇鹽城·中考真題）10.SpudWebb________atfirstbecauseofhisheight,buthedidn’tloseheart.A.refuses B.refused C.wasrefused D.willberefused（2022·江蘇揚州·中考真題）13.—Ihearthatyoutookpartinaforestclean-upactivitylastSunday.—Yes,it________byourschoolgreenclubtoprotectforests.A.organizes B.organized C.wasorganized D.willbeorganized（2022·江蘇鎮(zhèn)江·中考真題）6.It’salongtime!Ican’trememberwhenthispicture_______inJinshanPark.A.wastaken B.takes C.istaken D.took1.—DoyouknowthesongWherehasthetimegone?一Sure.Itbeautiful.Ilikeitalot.A.smellsB.tastesC.soundsD.looks—Three-Dprintingtechnologycouldbeusedtobuildahouseinlessthan24hours.一Itamazing.It'smyfirsttimetogettoknowthenews.A.looksB.smellsC.soundsD.tastes3.Watchoutthefireoryou'll.A.beburntB.burnC.getburntD.gotburnt4.Ourroommust___clean.A.keep B.bekept C.tobekept D.tokeep5.Thesportsmeet___behelduntilnextweek.A.didn't B.won't C.isn't D.doesn't6.Whowasthebook___?A.write B.wrote C.written D.writtenby一、被動語態(tài)填空1English_____(speak)allovertheworld.

2Thesong______(write)byhim2yeasago.

3Thepictures_____(take)byhimtomorrow.

4Thefilm_____(show)heretwice.

5Thecomputer_____(canuse)intheroom.

6Thearticle_______(translate)intomanylanguagessinceitwaspublished.

7Theroom______(paint)now.

8Thatclock______(call)BigBen.

9LastweekI____(ask)aboutEnglishculture.10.Thefood_____________(smell)delicious.二、單項選擇( )1.——Howcleanthewindowis!——Yes,itjustnow. A.hasbeencleaned B.wascleaned C.iscleaned D.willbecleaned( )2.UsuallypeopleinJapanandKoreawhentheymeetforthefirsttime.A.aresupposedtokiss B.aresupposedtobow C.supposetokiss D.supposetobow( )3.Englishinmanycountries.ButnowmoreandmorecountriesopenupChineselessons.A.isspoken B.arespoken C.isspeaking D.speaks( )4.Whenyouleavetheroom,makesurethedoor.A.waslocked B.islocked C.willbelocked D.shouldbelocked( )5.Fewstudentscanunderstandthesentenceuntilittwiceorthreetimes.A.explains B.isexplained C.willbeexplainedD.hasexplained( )6.NowChinese’sbecomethepopularlanguagethatwidelyintheworld.A.is,learned B.is,learning C.will,learn D.was,learned( )7.——Won’tyougotothedinnertonight?——IwillifI.A.willbeinvited B.haveinvited C.aminviting D.aminvited( )8.ManypeoplelearnEnglishbecauseitwidelyintheworld.A.is,used B.was,used C.is,using D.was,using( )9.Mariaat6:30everymorningbyhermothertogetreadyforschool.A.waswokenup B.wokeup C.wakesupD.iswokenup( )10.Mikewasn’tathomeyesterday.HetohelpwithJenny’sEnglish.A.wasasking B.isaskedC.isasking D.wasasked( )11.ThetelephonebyAlexanderGrahamBellin1876. A.wasinvented B.hasbeeninvented C.isinvented D.willbeinvented( )12.ThenewbridgeovertheJingshaRiverlastyear,whichmakesitveryeasytogotothecitycenter.built B.wasbuilt C.hasbuiltD.hasbeenbuilt三、句型轉(zhuǎn)換1.Mikebrokethewindowyesterday.(改為被動語態(tài))ThewindowbyMikeyesterday.2.MoreandmoreforeignersspeakChineseintheworldnow.(改成被動語態(tài))Chinesebymoreandmoreforeignersintheworldnow.3.Didn’ttheytellyouaboutit?（改為被動語態(tài)）________you________aboutit?4.PeoplebroughtsomepandasfromWolongtothecapitalonSaturday.(改成同義句)SomepandasfromWolongtothecapitalonSaturday.5.Manyspaceships(send)toexploreotherplanetsinthesolarsystemafewyearsago.（2023年淮安市開明中學集團中考二模英語試題）Ⅱ.完形填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）EveryeveningbeforemyeldersisterAnnaandIwenttosleep,wewouldspendfiveminuteshavinga____11____party.Nomatterwhatwentonthatdayorhowmadwewereateachother,wewoulddance.Itwasa____12____mydadhelpedstartwhenwewerelittle.Oneday,AnnaandIhadabigargument(爭論)about____13____wouldplaywithadoll.Beforebedtime,wewerestill____14____witheachother.Ourdad____15____themusic,“Forfiveminutes,notalking.Justdance.”hesaid.Heplayedthemusicuntilwe____16____agreedtostartdancing.Afterthefiveminuteswereover,wewerelaughingsohardthatbothofus____17____whywewereangry.Sincethatnight,andupuntilrecently,ourfive-minutedancepartywassomethingwereturnedtoeveryevening.NowAnnaandIsatwithmomanddadatthedinnertable.Itwasthenight____18____Annamovedtoattendcollege.MommadeAnna’sfavoritemeal.Iwassadbecausethiswouldbethe____19____timeweallatetogether.ButAnnaate_____20_____.“IhavetogoandsaybyetomyfriendJeanie!”sheexplainedandthenleft.Lookingatthe____21____chair,IrealizedItreasuredthosedailydancepartieswithmysister.Icouldn’tstopthinkinghowsadIwouldbe____22____wemissedourlastdanceparty.Somehourspassed,andIbegantogetreadyforbed,givinguponthethoughtthatourlastdancepartywould____23____.SuddenlyIheardaknockonmydoor.Annacamein.“Julie,youdidn’tseriouslythinkIwasgoingtoleavetomorrowwithoutdancingonemoretime,didyou?”Annaplayedthemusicandstarteddancing.Ifollowed____24____,laughing.ThoughIdidn’twanttoseemysister____25____,thefactthatthislastdancewasasimportanttoherasitwastomemadethemomentevenmorespecial.11.A.dance B.birthday C.song D.dinner12.A.show B.match C.tradition D.day13.A.who B.when C.how D.why14.A.happy B.sad C.angry D.bored15.A.turnedout B.turnedoff C.turneddown D.turnedon16.A.all B.every C.both D.neither17.A.forgot B.understood C.realized D.remembered18.A.after B.since C.before D.until19.A.first B.last C.next D.same20.A.carefully B.quickly C.widely D.politely21.A.empty B.last C.big D.only22.A.unless B.though C.if D.so23.A.change B.happen C.stop D.fail24.A.her B.his C.their D.my25.A.dancing B.laughing C.sleeping D.leavingⅢ.閱讀理解（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）Oncetherewasafamousmaster.Helivedinatemple(廟宇)withhisstudents.Hetaughtwellandmanyofhisstudentsbecamegreatmasterslater.Oneday,oneofthestudentscalledBenstolesomethingfromhisclassmates.Theotherstudentsreportedhimtothemaster.However,themastertooknoactionagainstBen.Theywereveryangry.Afewdayslater,Benstoleagain.Andagain,themasterdidnothingtopunishhim.Thismadetheotherstudentsevenangrier.Theyaskedthemastertotakeitseriously.TheysaidifBenwasallowedtostayinthetemple,theywouldleave.Themastercalledameeting.Whenallthestudentssatdown,hesaid,“Ifyouleave,you’llbeabletogotootherschools,becauseyouaregoodstudents.You’vealreadyknownwhat’srightandwhat’swrong.ButwhataboutBen?Heevendoesn’tknowanythingabouthisaction.Who’llteachhimifIdon’t?Ican’taskhimtogoevenifitmeanslosingallofyou.”Hearingthat,Benrealizedhismistake.Hefeltquiteashamed(感到慚愧的)andneverstoleagain.Heworkedhardandmadesomeachievementsinhislaterlife.Andhewasfamousforhishonestytoo.26.Whatcanweinferfromtheunderlined(劃線的)sentence?A.Theotherstudentswantedtoleave.B.TheotherstudentswereinterestedinBen.C.TheotherstudentswantedBentoleave.D.Themasterwasn’tallowedtostayinthetemple.27.TohelpBenrealizehismistake,themaster________infrontofallthestudents.A.punishedhim B.showedapicture C.shoutedathim D.saidsomething28.Benbecamea(n)________manlater.A.honest B.clever C.shameful D.lazy29.Thestorywantstotellusthat________.A.weshouldhelpeachotherwhenwe’reintroubleB.weshouldalwayslistentoourteachersC.weshouldtakeothers’adviceD.weshouldtreatotherswithakindheartBDoyouknowanythingaboutourcolourfulnationalquintessences(國粹)?Now,let’sgettoknowsomeofthem.SilkChinaissaidtobethefirstcountrytohavemasteredthesericulturetechnology(蠶桑技術(shù))toproducesilkandthesilkindustryreacheditstopintheHanandTangdynasties.Atpresent,becauseofthetradeoftheBeltandRoad,thesilkculturewiththeSilkRoadhasplayedanincreasinglyimportantroleintheworld.ChinesekungfuChinesekungfuhasalonghistoryofabout6,000years.Inthe1960s,BruceLeespreadChinesekungfuthroughmoviesandthenmadeitpopularallovertheworld.Nowadays,theinfluenceofChinesekungfucanbefoundinculture,poetry,novels,moviesandsoon.TraditionalChineseMedicineTraditionalChineseMedicine(TCM),createdbytheHanChinese,madegreatprogressintheSongdynasty.TCMintoday’ssocietynotonlykeepsanddevelopsthetraditions,butalsomakesgooduseofadvancedtechnologyandothercountries’essence(精華)ofmedicine.Anditiseventhoughttobeamysterybyforeigners.PaperCuttingAsatraditionalfolkart,Chinesepapercuttingisverypopularwithalonghistory.PapercuttingcancreatelotsofdesignsandimageswhichshowChineseworkingpeople’sideasandfeelings.Todaytheeraftsmen(工匠)arecreatingworksofarttoshowvaluesofmodernsocietywithadvancedtechnology,morecreativeskillsandartistictechniques.30.Chinesesilkindustryreacheditstop________.A.intheHanandTangdynasties B.6000yearsagoC.intheHandynasty D.intheSongdynasty31.________isthoughttobeamysterybyforeigners.A.Silk B.ChinesekungfuC.TCM D.Chinesepapercutting32.WhichofthefollowingsentencesisTRUE?A.Thesilkcultureisbecominglessandlessimportantintheworld.B.ItisSilkRoadthatmadeChinesekungfupopularallovertheworld.C.PapercuttingonlyshowsChineseartists’ideasandfeelings.D.Nowadays,TCMandChinesepapercuttinguseadvancedtechnology.33.Wecanprobablyfindtheinformationaboveinthepartof________onawebsite.A.fashion&style B.science&technologyC.culture&art D.travel&food（2022·江蘇常州·中考真題）閱讀理解CResearchersareusinganunderwaterdrone(無人機)togetinformationoncarbondioxide(CO?)levelsintheocean.Itisbelievedtobethefirsttimethatsuchadevice(裝置)hasbeenusedpurposelytotestCO?levels.Thedevice,whichtheteamalsocallsaglider,isdesignedtogodownto1,000metersindeepoceanareasandcanoperateforweeksatatime.Thepurposeoftheresearchistoprovidescientistswithdata(數(shù)據(jù))abouthowclimatechangeisinfluencingtheocean’schemistry.Theself-swimmingdronewasplacedintheGulfofAlaskathisspring.ReportersfromTheAssociatedPressrecentlyjoinedresearchersonaboatinAlaska’sResurrectionBaytoseethedroneinaction.Theteamsaystheprojectcouldbeamajorstepforwardinmeasuring(測量)theenvironmentalhealthofoceans.Thescientistsaremostinterestedinlevelsofoceanacidification(酸性).ThishappenswhenCO?emissions(排放)intheairmaketheirwayintotheocean.Oceanacidificationcanharmorkillsomekindsofsealife.ScientistshaveconnectedCO?emissionswithglobal(全球)warmingcausedbyhumanactivities.Inaway,oceanshavegivenhumansahelpinghandbytakingin(吸收)someoftheCO?.Iftherewerenooceans’uptake,therewouldbemuchmoreCO?intheair.Thiswouldtrapmoreofthesun’sheatandfurtherwarmtheEarth.“Buttheproblemnowisthattheoceanischangingitschemistrybecauseofthisuptake,”saidteammemberClaudineHauri.OneofthebestwaystomeasureoceanacidificationistocollectCO?measurements.Untilnow,thesecollectionsweremostlydonefromshipsorwithdevicesfloatingattheoceansurfaceorontheoceanfloor.30.Whatisprobablythispassage?A.Anadvertisement. B.Partofanewsreport.C.Partofasciencefiction. D.Atextfromachemistrytextbook.31.Whatdoweknowaboutaglider?A.Itmustbeusedtogetherwithfloatingdevices.B.Itisusedtomeasureoceanacidification.C.ItisusedtostopCO?fromenteringtheocean.D.ItisusedtomeasureCO?levelsintheair.32.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“uptake”inParagraph6mostprobablymean?A.Theactofcoveringanarea. B.Theactofslowingsomethingdown.C.Theactoftakingsomethingin. D.Theactofkillingorharmingsomething.33.Whatistroublingthescientists?A.Theunderwaterdronecan’tswimbyitself.B.Thedronecanonlylastoneweekatatime.C.OceansarestoppingtakinginCO?fromtheair.D.ToomuchCO?ismakingitswayintooceans.DBeingsadorinalowmoodisanormal(正常的)partoflife.Manypeoplefeeldownfromtimetotime.Forexample,whenpeoplefacechallengingeventsintheirlives,suchasfinancial(經(jīng)濟的)difficultyormajorchanges,it’scommontofeeldown.Butinmostcasesthebadfeelingsslowlydisappear.Asfordepression(抑郁癥),however,thebadmoodlastsforweeks,months,oreverlongerbecauseitisamental(精神的)illness.AstheWorldHealthOrganization(WHO)noted,depressionisamooddisorder.Itshowsindifferentways,includinglossofinterestinnormalactivitiesandfeelingsoflowself-worth.Itoftenlastsforalongtimeandgreatlyharmsaperson’sabilityatworkorschoolorinthedailylife.Peoplewithdepressionusuallydon’tliketotalkabouttheirproblemswithothers.Moreseriously,depressionmayevenleadtotheactofkillingoneself.“Depressionisnotjustabout(一陣)ofsadnessorasignofweakness,andyoucan’tjustsimplystopfeelingdepressed.”saidthehealthnewswebsite.Butdepressionisnotaperson’sproblem.It’salsomorecommonthanmostpeoplethink.Itishurtingabout280millionpeoplearoundtheworld,accordingtoWHO.Thoughdepressionisworrying,wedon’thavetobeafraidofit.Depressioncanbetreatedbygettingprofessional(專業(yè)的)help,takingmedicineoramixedtreatmentofboth.Infact,whenyoubegintofeelthedangerofdepression,youcantrytodealwithitearlybyyourself.Listeningtomusic,doingsomesportsanddrawingsomepicturesmighthelpyoufeelbetter.Anotherusefulwayistalktherapy.Whenweareattackedbyalowmood,havingaconversationwithothersisofgreathelp.Beinghonestabouthowwefeeldoesnotmakeusweak,itmakesushuman.34.Whoismostprobablyexperiencingdepression?A.Lily,whoisgoingtohaveanimportantexamandhasn’tsleptwellfor3days.B.May,whodislikeshernewschoolandhascomplainedtoherparents3times.C.Ben,whothinkslifeworthlessandhascriedaloneover3timesaweekinthepastmonth.D.Tom,whofindssubjectshardandhastalkedtohisteacheraboutit3timesthisweek.35.Whatdoesthewriterthinkofdepression?A.Normalandnothingserious. B.Uncommonalthoughharmful.C.Unavoidableanduntreatable. D.Treatablealthoughworrying.36.What’sthepassagemainlyabout?A.Knowledgeofdepression. B.Waysoftreatingdepression.C.Reasonsfordepression. D.Resultsofdepression.四、還原句子(共4小題;每小題1.5分，滿分6分)閱讀下面短文從短文后所給的六個選項中選出四個可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Lifeisfullofchoicesanddecisions.Herearesomestepstohelpyoumakewisedecisions.First,it’sbettertomakeadecisionquicklythanavoiditforamonthbecauseyou’reafraidofchoosing.____37____Also,somechoicesusuallyhavetimelimits.Sotokeepourbrainsfromgettingtootired,weneedn’tthinkaboutthecostofeverysinglechoice.Narrowdownthelistandtrycomparingonlythebesttwoorthree.Next,thinkaboutthevalueandcostofeachchoice.____38____Orbetteryet,createascorecard,onwhichyougiveoutbiggerpointvaluestowhatyouthinkismoreimportant.Thiswayyoucantellifonehugeadvantageismoreimportantthanagroupoflittledisadvantages.Then,staycalmandgiveyourselfsomespace.Youdon’twanttodelay(延遲)forweeks,butifyou’reabouttomakeahasty(倉促的)decision,youmayenduppickingsomethingyouregret.____39____Anditmighttakeyouafewdaysformajorchoices,likechoosingyouridealhighschool.____40____Why?Becauseit’sgoodtogetafreshwayofthinkingfromotherswhoarenotasworriedasyou.Considertheiropinions(觀點)eveniftheyarenotwhatyouwanttohear.Youneedtotakedifferentopinionsintoconsiderationsothatyouwillmakeawisedecision.A.You’llneedatleastonenightto“sleeponit”.B.Andyoudon’thavetomakeadecisionalone.C.Theyarethebestchancestoshowyourpersonality.D.Thesewaysoflettingoutwhatyouarefeelingarehelpful.E.It’sverytiringtothinkthingsoverbutfailtodecideintime.F.Todothat,youcanmakealistofadvantagesanddisadvantages.專題20動詞語態(tài)（解析版）一、主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)如何轉(zhuǎn)換二、被動語態(tài)的基本用法和特殊用法三、被動語態(tài)在中考題中的考察方向有哪些考點1被動語態(tài)的基本用法①不知道誰是動作的執(zhí)行者。如:ThecarwasmadeinChina.這輛汽車是中國產(chǎn)的。②由于某種原因沒有必要指出誰是動作的執(zhí)行者。如:Englishiswidelyusedintheworld.英語在世界上被廣泛使用。③需要強調(diào)動作的承受者。如:ProfessorBlackwillbeinvitedtothemeeting.Black教授將被邀參加會議。（2023·江蘇連云港·中考真題）5.Tomaketheenvironmentmuchbetter,moretrees________nextyear.A.plant B.willplant C.areplanted D.willbeplanted【答案】D【解析】句意：為了使環(huán)境更好，明年將種植更多的樹。考查一般將來時被動語態(tài)。主語moretrees與動詞plant之間被動關(guān)系，結(jié)合nextyear可知，此處用一般將來時被動語態(tài)willbedone的結(jié)構(gòu)，故選D。（2023·江蘇蘇州·中考真題）Aftertheinterview,theastronautswere____43____(move）awayforhealthchecks.【答案】43.moved【解析】句意：采訪結(jié)束后，宇航員們被轉(zhuǎn)移到其他地方進行健康檢查。根據(jù)“Aftertheinterview,theastronautswere...awayforhealthchecks.”可知宇航員們被轉(zhuǎn)移到其他地方進行健康檢查，move“移動”，是動詞，此處動詞和主語之間是被動關(guān)系，應用被動語態(tài)，動詞用過去分詞，故填moved。（2023·江蘇泰州·中考真題）Universitystudents___64___(encourage)todomoreexerciseafterclass.Butsomejuststayintheclassroomalldaylong.【答案】areencouraged【解析】句意：鼓勵大學生在課后多做運動。本句主語是動作的承受者，時態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時，所以用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)。故填areencouraged。（2023·江蘇無錫·中考真題）47.ThisT-shirt__________(make)ofsilkanditfeelsverysmooth.【答案】ismade【解析】句意：這件T恤是絲綢做的，摸起來很光滑。make“制作”，動詞。bemadeof“由……制成”，固定短語。本句是一般現(xiàn)在時，主語是第三人稱單數(shù)，故用be動詞is。故填ismade。（2023·江蘇徐州·中考真題）12.TheMonkeyKingisatraditionalChinesecharacter.It________bypeopleofallages.A.isloved B.wasloved C.willlove D.isloving【答案】A【解析】句意：孫悟空是中國的一個傳統(tǒng)人物。它受到所有年齡段的人的喜愛。考查被動語態(tài)及動詞時態(tài)。根據(jù)“by”可知，此處是被動語態(tài)，指孫悟空被人們喜愛。本句陳述事實，故為一般現(xiàn)在時。故選A。（2023·江蘇鎮(zhèn)江·中考真題）9.WhenIwasapupil,someofmypocketmoney________tobuycomicbooks.A.use B.isused C.used D.wasused【答案】D【解析】句意：當我還是個學生的時候，我的一些零花錢被用來買漫畫書?？疾楸粍诱Z態(tài)。分析題干可知，主語pocketmoney和動詞use之間是被動關(guān)系，結(jié)合“WhenIwasapupil”可知，應用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)，故選D。（2023·江蘇揚州·中考真題）12.Sandturnstoglasswhenit________bylightning.A.hits B.ishit C.ishitting D.willbehit【答案】B【解析】句意：沙子被閃電擊中會變成玻璃?？疾檎Z態(tài)。句子主語it指代的是“Sand”，與動詞hit之間是被動關(guān)系，應用被動語態(tài)，陳述事實用一般現(xiàn)在時，故選B。（2023·江蘇揚州·中考真題）50.Theartistsare________totellgoodChinesestoriesintheirfavoriteartforms.(encourage)【答案】encouraged【解析】句意：藝術(shù)家們被鼓勵用他們喜歡的藝術(shù)形式講好中國故事。句子主語與動詞之間是被動關(guān)系，此處應用被動語態(tài)，空前有are，此處動詞用過去分詞，故填encouraged。（2023·江蘇南京·中考真題）47.AllthedialogueinBaiju_____________(speak)inNanjingdialect,easytounderstand,andfullofhumor.【答案】isspoken【解析】句意：白劇里所有的對白都是用南京方言講的，很容易理解而且充滿幽默感?？疾毂粍诱Z態(tài)。這里dialogue為一個不可數(shù)名詞，所以be動詞用單數(shù)形式is,isspoken為被動表達。1.Over$30,000_______forachildren'shospitalbyaBritishgirlseveralmonthsago.A.israisedB.wasraisedC.willberaisedD.hasbeenraised【答案】B2.Thenovelbymanypeopletoday.A.isreadB.arereadC.readsD.wereread【答案】A3.Theletter(write)byLinTaonow.【答案】iswritten4.Thebridge(finish)nextmonth.【答案】willbefinished5.TheCD-ROMs(sell)already.【答案】havebeensold6.Theblackboard(clean)whenIcamein.【答案】wascleaned考點2主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)的方法語態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)換的幾種類型：1.Mystudentsalwaysshareideasinclass.Ideasalwaysbymystudentsinclass.【答案】are;shared2.Theuniversitywillinvitemanygraduatestocelebrateits100thbirthday.Manygraduateswillbytheuniversitytocelebrateits100thbirthday.【答案】beinvited3.Myfatherboughtmeawatchyesterday.(改為被動語態(tài))Awatchmeyesterday.【答案】wasboughtfor4.Atlasttheboywasmadeandbegantolaugh.A.stopcryingB.tostoptocryC.tostopcryingD.stoptocry【答案】C5.InmanyplacesinChina,theoldover90notonlybytheirfamilybutalsobythegovernment.A.istakinggoodcareB.aretakengoodcareofC.istakinggoodcareofD.aretakengoodcare【答案】B6.Amy,aswel