照明控制柜工作原理主講人張嘉ZHENGZHOURAILWAYVOCATIONAL&TECHNICALCOLLEGE客車電氣裝置/BUSELECTRICALINSTALLATIONSpeaker主講人Zhangjia張嘉回顧25G、25K型全列空調(diào)客車中的電源控制柜，其主要作用是對來自發(fā)電車的一路和二路供電進行選擇，并分配輸出交流電供空調(diào)控制柜、應(yīng)急電源箱、照明控制箱、電熱、電茶爐、排風(fēng)扇、電插座等用電負載使用。具有過載、短路、機械互鎖保護以及電流和電壓指示功能。25Gand25Kall-trainair-conditionedpassengercars,itsmainfunctionistoselecttheoneandtwopowersuppliesfromthegeneratorcar,anddistributetheoutputACpowertotheairconditioningcontrolcabinet,emergencypowerbox,lightingcontrolbox,electricheating,electricteastove,exhaustfan,electricalsocketandotherelectricalloads.Ithasoverload,shortcircuit,mechanicalinterlockprotectionandcurrentandvoltageindicationfunction.照明控制柜長春客車廠生產(chǎn)的YZ25K型客車，照明控制柜組成與原理如圖所示。ThecompositionandprincipleofthelightingcontrolcabinetofYZ25KpassengercarproducedbyChangchunBusFactoryareshowninthefigure.其主要電氣元件的型號和規(guī)格見表。Themodelsandspecificationsofthemainelectricalcomponentsareshowninthetable.照明控制箱原理圖照明控制柜照明控制箱主要電氣元件型號和規(guī)格Themodelsandspecificationsofthemainelectricalcomponents.順號代號名稱型號數(shù)量附注1KM1，KM2，KM3交流接觸器LC1-LC123

2Q1自動空氣開關(guān)C45N-3P（16A）1

3Q2自動空氣開關(guān)C45N-C-1P（3A）1

4BT溫水器溫度調(diào)節(jié)器

1

5FU1—FU9保險器RT18系列（3A）10

6B溫度傳感器

1與BT配套7KA照明控制開關(guān)LW12系列1

8HL1指示燈AD111綠色9SVXS水位檢測裝置

1

10Q8空氣開關(guān)C45N3P（3A）1梅蘭日蘭11KM6交流接觸器3TF50AC220V1

12ZWY軸溫警報器

1

13RI1—RI9感溫頭

9

14CZ單相插座

1

15RH4溫水電熱元件共900W3

16DHC電話插座

1

17XSP1一位端信息顯示屏

1

18XSP2二位端信息顯示屏

1

19CHTQ車廂號調(diào)節(jié)器

1

20K1紐子開關(guān)KN3-31

21SY1液位繼電器JYF-011

22FU11熔斷器熔斷體1ART18型1

23FU10熔斷器熔斷體10ART18型1照明控制柜操作與控制原理如下Theoperationandcontrolprincipleisasfollows交流AC380V/220V照明溫水箱用電負載電路直流DC48V軸報水位檢測顯示屏等用電負載電路兩大部分。照明控制箱電路主要包括Lightingcontrolboxcircuitismainlycomposesof:IncludingACAC380V/220Vlighting,warmwatertankelectricalloadcircuitandDCDC48Vshaftreport,waterleveldetection,displayandotherelectricalloadcircuit.1、照明電路Lightingcircuit

照明控制柜閉合空氣開關(guān)Q1，三相干線有電，電源指示燈H1亮。照明轉(zhuǎn)換開關(guān)KA置斷開位，照明燈無電熄滅ClosetheairswitchQ1,thethree-phasemainlinehaspower,andthepowerindicatorH1ison.ThelightingswitchKAisintheoffposition,andthelampisoutwithoutpower.KA置半燈1位時，交流接觸器KM1及應(yīng)急電路接通，通過臺、走廊、乘務(wù)員室、配電室、洗臉間、廁所等處燈亮，客室8支40W熒光燈亮，本工作位適于深夜行車使用WhentheKAisequippedwithahalflight,theACcontactorKM1andtheemergencycircuitareconnected,andthelightsareonatthestation,corridor,crewroom,powerdistributionroom,washroom,toilet,etc.,andthe8branches40Wfluorescentlightsareoninthepassengerroom.Thisworkingpositionissuitableforlatenightdriving.KA置半燈2位時，交流接觸器KM1、KM2及應(yīng)急電路接通，通過臺、走廊、乘務(wù)員室、配電室、洗臉室、廁所等處燈亮，客室14支40W熒光燈亮WhentheKAhalflampisplacedin2positions,theACcontactorKM1,KM2andtheemergencycircuitareconnected,thelightisonatthestation,corridor,crewroom,powerdistributionroom,washingroom,toilet,etc.,andthe40Wfluorescentlightisonat14branchesinthepassengerroom.照明控制柜KA置全燈位時，KM1、KM2、KM3及應(yīng)急電路都接通，全部照明燈亮，本位適于夜間正常照明使用。WhenKAisinfulllightposition,KM1,KM2,KM3andemergencycircuitareconnected,alllightingison,andthestandardissuitablefornormallightinguseatnight.當正常照明電源有故障間斷供電，且非白天運行(這時照明轉(zhuǎn)換開關(guān)KA不在斷開位)時，應(yīng)急照明燈保持繼續(xù)點亮，以保持客室最低照明。Whenthenormallightingpowersupplyhasafaultintermittentpowersupply,andnon-daytimeoperation,thenthelightingswitchKAisnotdisconnected,theemergencylightsremainlittomaintaintheminimumlightinginthepassengerroom.1、照明電路Lightingcircuit

照明控制柜2、溫水箱電路Warmwatertankcircuit主電路由空氣開關(guān)Q8、交流接觸器KM6主觸點和溫水電熱元件RH4組成ThemaincircuitiscomposedofairswitchQ8,ACcontactorKM6maincontactandwarmwaterheatingelementRH4.控制電路由紐子開關(guān)K1、液位繼電器SY1、溫水箱溫度調(diào)節(jié)器BT和接觸器KM6(線圈)組成。

ThecontrolcircuitiscomposedofasubswitchK1,aliquidlevelrelaySY1,atemperatureregulatorBTofawarmwatertankandacontactorKM6(coil).照明控制柜當溫水箱內(nèi)有水時，水位開關(guān)SY1閉合。在水溫低于設(shè)定值時，溫控器BT觸頭閉合。Whenthereiswaterinthewarmwatertank,thewaterlevelswitchSY1closes.Whenthewatertemperatureislowerthanthesetvalue,thethermostatBTcontactisclosed.此時，閉合Q8、K1，KM6線圈得電，其常開觸頭閉合，電熱元件RH4得電工作，溫水箱開始加熱。調(diào)節(jié)溫控器BT可設(shè)置水溫。Atthistime,theQ8,K1,KM6coilisclosed,thenormallyopencontactisclosed,theelectricheatingelementRH4ispowered,andthewarmwatertankbeginstoheat.AdjustthethermostatBTtosetthewatertemperature.2、溫水箱電路Warmwatertankcircuit照明控制柜3、直流負載電路DCloadcircuit由應(yīng)急電源箱供電。閉合空氣開關(guān)Q2，顯示屏得電工作，其它直流負載均直接連在直流主電路上。DCloadcircuitispoweredbytheemergencypowerbox.ClosetheairswitchQ2,thedisplayscreencanwork,andotherDCloadsaredirect