DiscoveringUsefulStructuresUnit5LanguagesAroundtheWorld語法感知觀察并探究課文原句1．Therearemanyreasons_______peoplelearnaforeignlanguage.2．Thatwasatime________theChinesepeopleweredividedgeographically.3．EmperorQinshihuangunitedthesevenmajorstatesintooneunifiedcountry________theChinesewritingsystembegantodevelopinonedirection.4．Thesewereanimalbonesandshells________symbolswerecarvedbyancientChinesepeople.whywhenwhereonwhich自我歸納1．先行詞是表________的名詞reason,why在從句中作________狀語。2．先行詞是表________的名詞time,when在從句中作________狀語。3．先行詞是表________的名詞country,where在從句中作________狀語。4．先行詞是名詞bonesandshells,在which前加了介詞________，構成：________(on,in...)＋________(which)引導的定語從句。原因

原因

時間

時間

地點

地點

on

介詞

關系代詞

語法精析一、關系副詞的用法關系詞先行詞從句成分例句備注關系副詞when時間時間狀語Iwillneverforgetthedaywhenwemetthere.可用onwhich代替where地點地點狀語ThisisthehousewhereIwasborn.可用inwhich代替why原因原因狀語Ican'timaginethereasonwhyheturneddownmyoffer.可用forwhich代替基本用法關系副詞起連接主句和從句的作用，又在從句中作狀語，when,where和why分別表示時間，地點和原因。1．when在從句中作時間狀語。常用onwhich,inwhich,atwhich,duringwhich等代替。e．g.Aprilthefirstisthedaywhenpeoplemakefunofothers.＝Aprilthefirstisthedayonwhichpeoplemakefunofothers.2．where在從句中作地點狀語。常可由inwhich,onwhich,atwhich等取代。e．g.Thisisthehousewherehelivedtwoyearsago.＝Thisisthehouseinwhichhelivedtwoyearsago.3．whywhy在定語從句中作原因狀語?？捎胒orwhich代替。why不可引導非限定性定語從句，此時可用forwhich代替。e．g.Thisisthereasonwhyhewentaway.＝Thisisthereasonforwhichhewentaway.注意：不管先行詞表示的是時間、地點還是原因，只要在從句中作主語、賓語或表語，引導詞就要用which或that。I'llneverforgetthedays(which/that)wespentinthesmallvillage.我永遠忘不了我們在那個小村莊度過的那些日子。(作賓語)Isthisthefarm(which/that)youvisitedlastweek?這是你們上周參觀過的那個農場嗎？(作賓語)Theparkwhich/thatattractsthemostvisitorswillbeclosed.吸引參觀者最多的那個公園將要關閉了。(作主語)Thereason(which/that)heexplainedatthemeetingwasnotsound.他在會議上解釋的原因并不充分。(作賓語)1．“介詞＋關系代詞”結構中的關系代詞通常用whose,which或whom，不用that。ThisisthepencilwithwhichIdrawpictures.這是我畫畫用的那支鉛筆。2．“介詞＋關系代詞”結構中介詞的確定方法。關系代詞前介詞選擇三原則：一先，二動，三意義。(1)一先，即根據介詞與先行詞的搭配關系選擇。WewillneverforgetthedayonwhichtheearthquakehappenedinWenchuan.我們將永遠不會忘記汶川發生地震的日子。二、“介詞＋關系代詞”的用法(2)二動，即根據定語從句中謂語動詞與介詞的搭配關系選擇。Heisthemodelfromwhomweshouldlearn.他是我們應該學習的榜樣。(3)三意義，即根據定語從句的意義來確定介詞。Lookatthebuildingoverwhichisflyingaredflag.It'swhereIwork.看那棟上面飄著紅旗的房子，這就是我上班的地方。3．“介詞＋關系代詞”前可有名詞、數詞或some,any,none,both,all,neither,most,each,one,few等代詞，構成“名詞/代詞/數詞等＋介詞＋關系代詞”結構。Herearethequestions,someofwhichIthoughtdifficultforyou.就是這些問題，其中一些我認為對你來說太難。Thebestclassroomintheworldisatthefeetofanelderlyperson.世界上最好的課堂在老人的腳下.Havingachildfallasleepinyourarmsisoneofthemostpeacefulfeelingintheworld.讓一個孩子在你的臂彎入睡,你會體會到世間最安寧的感覺.Beingkindismoreimportantthanbeingright.善良比真理更重要.Youshouldneversaynotoagiftfromachild.永遠不要拒絕孩子送給你的禮物.Sometimesallapersonneedsisahandtoholdanda