人教版(新教材)高中英語必修第三冊(cè)PAGEPAGE1ReadingandThinking—ComprehendingWHYDOWECELEBRATEFESTIVALS?Festivalsarecelebratedallaroundtheworld.Theyhaveawiderange①oforigins②，suchastheseasonsoftheyear，religions③，famousfigures④，andimportantevents.Everyfestivalhasitsdifferentcustomsanduniquecharms⑤.However,1nomatterhowdifferenttheymayseem，allovertheworld，thespiritofsharingjoy⑥，gratitude⑦，love，orpeaceiscommoninallfestivals.Ofallthetraditionalfestivals，theharvest⑧festivalcanbefoundinalmosteveryculture.Thisimportantagricultural⑨festivaltakesplaceafterallthecrops⑩havebeengathered?in.Peoplecelebratetoshowthattheyaregrateful?fortheyear’ssupplyoffood.InancientEgypt，theharvestfestivalwascelebratedduringthespringtime—theEgyptianharvestseason.Itfeatured?aparadeandagreatfeastwithmusic，dancing，andsports.Today，insomeEuropeancountries，peopledecorate?churches?andtownhallswithflowersandfruit，andgettogethertocelebrateoverameal.DuringtheMid-AutumnFestivalinChina，familiesgathertoadmiretheshiningmoonandenjoydeliciousmooncakes.Customsplayasignificant?roleinfestivals，butsometimestheycanchangeovertime.Withthedevelopmentofmodernsocietyandthespreadofnewideas，sometraditionsmayfade?awayandothersmaybeestablished.Oneexampleisthetypical?ChineseSpringFestivalcustomoflightingfirecrackers?2todriveawaytheevil?spiritsandcelebratethenewyear.Nowadays，manybigcitieshavegivenupthiscustominordertoavoidairpollution.AnotherexampleisHalloweeneq\o(○,\s\up1(21))，whichslowlybecameanexcitingfestivalforchildren，inspiteofeq\o(○,\s\up1(22))itsreligiousorigins.Festivalsarebecomingmoreandmorecommercialeq\o(○,\s\up1(23))，withbusinessestakingadvantageofeq\o(○,\s\up1(24))thecelebrations.Onlineshoppingwebsitesandsocialmediaeq\o(○,\s\up1(25))appshavemadeitmucheasierforthepublictospendmoreongiftsfortheirlovedones.Althoughsomebelievefestivalsshouldnotbecommercialisedeq\o(○,\s\up1(26))，othersbelievetheincreaseinspendingisgoodfortheeconomyandpublichappiness.Festivalsareanimportantpartofsociety.Theyreflecteq\o(○,\s\up1(27))people’swishes，beliefseq\o(○,\s\up1(28))，faithseq\o(○,\s\up1(29))，andattitudestowardslife.Theyareoccasionseq\o(○,\s\up1(30))thatallowustorelaxandenjoylife，andforgetaboutourworkforalittlewhile.Theyhelpusunderstand3wherewecamefrom，whoweare，andwhattoappreciate.Andifyoustudyfestivalscarefully，youmaybesurprisedtofindthatdifferentculturesactuallyhavealotincommoneq\o(○,\s\up1(31))afterall.我們?yōu)槭裁磻c祝節(jié)日？世界各地都慶祝各種節(jié)日。節(jié)日的由來五花八門，比如時(shí)節(jié)、宗教、著名人物及重大事件。每個(gè)節(jié)日都有其不同的習(xí)俗和獨(dú)特的魅力。然而，1.無論它們多么迥異，在世界各地，分享快樂、感恩、友愛或和平的精神存在于所有節(jié)日之中。在所有的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日中，豐收節(jié)幾乎可見于每一種文化之中。這一重大的農(nóng)業(yè)節(jié)日在所有農(nóng)作物收割后來臨。人們舉行慶祝活動(dòng)，對(duì)這一年收獲的食物表達(dá)感恩。在古埃及，人們于春季慶祝豐收節(jié)——即埃及的豐收季。慶祝活動(dòng)主要是游行和豐盛的筵席，載歌載舞，并伴有體育活動(dòng)。如今，在一些歐洲國(guó)家，人們用鮮花和水果來裝飾教堂和市政廳，聚在一起共享大餐，以示慶祝。在中國(guó)的中秋節(jié)，家家戶戶歡聚一堂，觀賞明月，品嘗美味的月餅。風(fēng)俗在節(jié)日中扮演重要角色，但有時(shí)也隨時(shí)間而變化。隨著現(xiàn)代社會(huì)的發(fā)展和新思想的傳播，有些傳統(tǒng)會(huì)漸漸消失，而另一些傳統(tǒng)則得以建立。中國(guó)春節(jié)燃放鞭炮2.以驅(qū)鬼神、賀新年這一典型風(fēng)俗就是一個(gè)例子。如今，為了避免空氣污染，許多大城市已經(jīng)摒棄了這一風(fēng)俗。另一個(gè)例子是萬圣節(jié)，雖然起源于宗教，萬圣節(jié)漸漸成了孩子們縱情玩樂的一個(gè)節(jié)日。節(jié)日正變得越來越商業(yè)化，商家會(huì)利用這些慶祝活動(dòng)(進(jìn)行促銷)。購(gòu)物網(wǎng)站和社交媒體應(yīng)用程序極大地方便了人們?yōu)橹劣H至愛花更多錢購(gòu)買禮物。盡管有人認(rèn)為節(jié)日不應(yīng)該被商業(yè)化，但是也有人認(rèn)為消費(fèi)增長(zhǎng)有利于(提高)經(jīng)濟(jì)和公眾幸福感。節(jié)日是社會(huì)的一個(gè)重要組成部分。節(jié)日反映了人類的愿望、信仰、信念以及對(duì)生活的態(tài)度。節(jié)日是讓我們放松心情、享受生活、暫時(shí)忘卻工作的時(shí)刻。節(jié)日讓我們了解3.我們來自何方、我們是誰、我們應(yīng)該感恩什么。此外，如果你仔細(xì)研究各種節(jié)日，你會(huì)驚奇地發(fā)現(xiàn)不同的文化實(shí)際上有很多共同之處。①range/reInd?/n．一系列；范圍、界限vi.包括；(在一定范圍內(nèi))變化rangefrom...to...包括從……到……之間②origin/′?rId?In/n．起源；起因；出身③religion/rI′lId??n/n．宗教；宗教信仰religious/rI′lId??s/adj.宗教的；篤信宗教的④figure/′fIɡ?(r)/n．人物；數(shù)字；身材vt.認(rèn)為；認(rèn)定⑤charm/t?ɑ?m/n．魅力；迷人的特征；咒語⑥joy/d??I/n．高興；喜悅joyful/′d??Ifl/adj.高興的；快樂的⑦gratitude/′ɡr?tItju?d/n．感激之情；感謝⑧harvest/′hɑ?vIst/n．收獲季節(jié)；收獲；收成vi.&vt.收割(莊稼)；捕獵(動(dòng)物、魚)⑨agricultural/??ɡrI′k?lt??r?l/adj.農(nóng)業(yè)(勞動(dòng)/生產(chǎn))agriculture/′?ɡrIk?lt??(r)/n．農(nóng)業(yè)；農(nóng)藝⑩crop/kr?p/n．莊稼；作物；一季的收成?gather/′ɡ?e?(r)/vi.聚集；集合vt.聚集；搜集；收割?grateful/′ɡreItfl/adj.感激的；表示感謝的?feature/′fi?t??(r)/vt.以……為特色n．特色；特征；特點(diǎn)?decorate/′dek?reIt/vt.裝飾；裝潢?church/t???t?/n．(基督教的)教堂；禮拜堂?significant/sIɡ′nIfIk?nt/adj.有重大意義的；顯著的?fade/feId/vi.&vt.逐漸消失；(使)褪色；(身體)變得虛弱fadeaway逐漸消失；(身體)變得虛弱?typical/′tIpIkl/adj.典型的；有代表性的；平常的?firecracker/′faI??kr?k?(r)/n．鞭炮；爆竹?evil/′i?vl/adj.邪惡的；有害的；罪惡的n．邪惡；罪惡；惡行eq\o(○,\s\up1(21))Halloween/?h?l??′i?n/n．萬圣節(jié)前夕eq\o(○,\s\up1(22))inspiteof不管；盡管eq\o(○,\s\up1(23))commercial/k?′m???l/adj.商業(yè)(化)的；以獲利為目的的eq\o(○,\s\up1(24))takeadvantageof利用；欺騙；占……的便宜eq\o(○,\s\up1(25))medium/′mi?di?m/n．(pl.media)媒介；手段；方法adj.中等的；中號(hào)的themedia大眾傳播媒介eq\o(○,\s\up1(26))commercialise(NAmEalso-ize)/k?′m????laIz/vt.使商業(yè)化；利用……牟利commercialisation(NAmEalso-ization)/k??m????laI′zeI?n/n．商業(yè)化eq\o(○,\s\up1(27))reflect/rI′flekt/vt.顯示；反映；反射eq\o(○,\s\up1(28))belief/bI′li?f/n．信仰；信心；信任eq\o(○,\s\up1(29))faith/feIθ/n．宗教信仰；信任；相信eq\o(○,\s\up1(30))occasion/?′keI?n/n．特別的事情(或儀式、慶典)；(適當(dāng)?shù)?機(jī)會(huì)eq\o(○,\s\up1(31))havesth.

incommon(興趣、想法等方面)相同；有相同的特征eq\x(Step1Fast-reading)Ⅰ.Readthepassagequicklyandfillinthefollowingblankswithsuitablewords.Ⅱ.Themainideaofthepassageisprobablyaboutreasonswhyfestivalsarecelebratedallaroundtheworld.eq\x(Step2Careful-reading)Readthepassagecarefullyandchoosethebestanswer.1．Whichfestivalcanbefoundinalmosteveryculture?A．Thefestivalaboutreligions.B．Thefestivalaboutfamousfigures.C．Thefestivalaboutimportantevents.D．Thefestivalabouttheharvestseason.〖答案〗D2．Whichcountrycelebratedtheharvestfestivalduringthespringtime?A．AncientEgypt. B．AncientChina.C．AncientIndia. D．AncientJapan.〖答案〗A3．WhyislightingfirecrackersstoppedinChineseSpringFestival?A．Todriveawaytheevilspirits.B．Tostopairpollutionfromhappening.C．Tobecomeanexcitingfestivalforchildren.D．Tosavemoneyandspendmoreongifts.〖答案〗B4．Whatwillyoufindifyoustudyfestivalscarefully?A．Festivalsareanimportantpartofsociety.B．Festivalsarebecomingmoreandmorecommercial.C．Customsplayasignificantroleinfestivals.D．Differentcultureshavemuchincommon.〖答案〗D5．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A．InEgypt，theharvestseasonismoreimportantthananyotherone.B．Everyfestivalintheworldnowadaysisbecomingmoreandmorecommercial.C．Somecustomsoffestivalsarechangingwithtimegoingby.D．Differentcultureshavedifferentfestivals，whichhavenothingincommon.〖答案〗Ceq\x(Step3Post-reading)Ⅰ.Afterreadingthepassage，pleasefillinthefollowingblanks.Asweallknow，festivals1.arecelebrated(celebrate)allaroundtheworldandtheyhave2.awiderangeoforigins，suchastheseasonsoftheyear，religions，famous3.figures(figure)，andimportantevents.Ofallthe4.traditional(tradition)festivals，theharvestfestivalcanbefoundinalmosteveryculture.Peoplecelebrate5.toshow(show)thattheyaregratefulfortheyear’ssupplyoffood.Customsplayasignificantroleinfestivals，butsometimestheycanchangeovertime.Withthe6.development(develop)ofmodernsocietyandthespreadofnewideas，sometraditionsmayfade7.awayandothersmaybeestablished.Festivalsarebecomingmoreandmorecommercial，withbusinesses8.taking(take)advantageofthecelebrations.Festivalsreflectpeople’swishes，beliefs，faiths，andattitudestowardslife.Andifyoustudyfestivals9.carefully(careful)，youmaybesurprisedtofindthatdifferentculturesactuallyhavealot10.incommonafterall.Ⅱ.Discusswithyourpartnerandthenanswerthefollowingquestions.1．SupposeyouareajournalistofyourschoolEnglishnewspaper，youwanttoknowmoreaboutAprilFools’Day.Pleasemakeaninterviewwithyourpartner.2．Nowfestivalsarebecomingmoreandmorecommercial.Whatisyourattitudetowardsit?eq\x(Step4Sentence-learning)1．However，nomatterhowdifferenttheymayseem，allovertheworld，thespiritofsharingjoy，gratitude，love，orpeaceiscommonin