大學英語六級改革適用（閱讀）模擬試

卷21（共9套）

（共265題）

大學英語六級改革適用（閱讀）模擬試

卷第1套

一、長篇閱讀（本題共20題，每題1.0分，共20分。）

TheCliaiigingGciicialiun[A|Ilturnsoultoday'steenagersaren,tsuscaryafterall.

ResultsofUSAWEEKEND'STeens&Parentssurveyrevealagenerationofyoung

peoplewhogelalongwellwiththeirparentsandapproveofthewaythey'rebeingraised.

Theythinkoftheirparentswithaffectionandrespect.TheyspeakwithMomorDad

whentheyhaveaproblem.Mostfeelthattheirparentsunderstandthem,andtheybelieve

theirfamilyistheNo.1priorityintheirparents'lives.Manyeventhinktheirparentsare

cool!Althoughmorethanathirdhaveanobjectintheirroomstheywouldliketokeep

secretfromtheirparents,rarelyisitanythingmorealarmingthanadiaryoroff-color（低

俗的）bookorCD.[B]Suchresultsmayseemsurprisingagainstthebackgroundof

shockingincidentsthatcolorthewaythemassmediaportraytheyoung.InOctober2000,

thesamemonththesurveywastaken,theWashington-basedCenterforMediaandPublic

AffairswroteinitspublicationMediaMonitorthat,inarecentmonthofTVnews

coverageofAmericanyouth,just2%ofteenswereshewnathome,andjust1%were

portrayedinaworkselling.Incontrast,thecriminaljusticesystemaccountedfornearly

oneoutofeveryfivevisualbackgrounds.Nowonderparentsworrytheirownkidsmight

spinoutofcontroloncetheyhittheturbulentwatersofadolescence.[C]Theoverallfacts

oughttoreassureus.Thesurveyshowsusthattoday'steensareaffectionate,sensibleand

farhappierthantheangryandtorturedsoulsthathavebeenpaintedforusbystereotypes.

Fromothersources,wcalsoknowteenagecrime,drugabuseandpremaritalsexarein

generaldecline.We,ofcourse,needtopayattentiontoyoungsterswhoarefilledwith

discontentandhostility,butweshouldnotallowtheseextremecasestodistortourview

ofmostyoungpeople.|D]MyownresearchattheStanfordCenteronAdolescenceuses

in-depthinterviewswithsmallsamplesofyoungstersratherthanlarge-scalesurvey.Still,

inmystudiesandothersIhaveread,IfindthesamepatternsasinUSAWEEKEND'S

survey.Today'steenagersadmiretheirparentsandwelcomeparentalguidanceabout

importantmatterssuchascareerchoice—thoughcertainlynotMomandDad'sadviceon

mattersofpersonaltaste,suchasmusicorfashion.Whenweaskteenstochooseahero,

theyusuallyselectanolderfamilymemberratherthanaremotepublicfigure.Mostteens

saytheyenjoythecompanyofbothparentsandfriends.|E|Contrarytosome

stereotypes,mostadolescentsbelievetheymustbetolerantofdifferencesamong

individuals(thoughtheydonotalwaysfindthiseasyinthecliquishenvironmentofhigh

school).Manyofthemvolunteerforcommunityservicewithdisadvantagedpeople.One

prevalentqualitywehavefoundinteens'statementsaboutthemselves,theirfriendsand

theirfamiliesisastrikinglypositiveemotionaltone.Byandlarge,theseareverynice

kids,andasthebandTheWhousedtosing,"Thekidsarealright."[F]Howmuchis

today'sspiritofharmonyachangefromourmoreturbulentpast?Ameregenerationago,

parent-childrelationsweredescribedas"thegenerationgap."Yeteventhenreportsof

widespreadyouthrebellionwereoverdone:Mostkidsinthe'60sand'70ssharedtheir

parents*basicvalues.Still,itistruethatAmericanfamiliesaregrowingcloseratthe

dawnofthisnewmillennium(千年).Perhapsthereislesstofightabout,withthecountry

inaperiodoftranquilityandthedangersofdrugabuseandotherunwholesomebehavior

wellknown.Perhapsinthefaceofimpersonalandintimidatingglobalization,ayoung

person'sfamilyfeelsmorelikeafriendlyhaventhananoppressivetrap.Andperhaps

parentsareactingmorelikeparentsthanintherecentpast.Withinjustthepastfiveyears.

Ihavenoticedparentsreturningtoabeliefthatteenagersneedtheguidanceofelders

ratherthantheliberal,"anythinggoes"modeofchild-rearingthatbecamepopularinthe

secondhalfofthe20thcentury.[G]Buimissingfromallthesedatais(hesensethat

today'syoungcareverymuchabouttheircountry,aboutthebroadercivicandpolitical

environment,oraboutthefutureoftheirsociety.Theyseemtobeturninginward一

generallyinapro-socialmanner,certainlywithpositivebenefitsforintimate

relationships,buttoooftenattheexpenseofaconnectionwiththepresentandfuture

worldbeyond,includingthesocietytheywillonedayinherit.[H]Recently,weexamined

morethan400essaysonthe"lawsoflife"thatteensfromtwocommunitieshadwritten

aspartofaneducationalprograminitiatedbytheJohnTempletonFoundationinRadnor,

Pa.Inthoseessays,andinfollow-upinterviewswithafewoftheteenagers,wefound

lotsofinsight,positivefeelingandinspirationalthinking.Butwealsofoundlittleinterest

inciviclifebeyondthetightcirclesoftheirfamilyandimmediatefriends.[I]For

example,onlyoneboysaidhewouldliketobepresidentwhenhegrowsup.WhenIwas

inhighschool,dozensinmyclassalonewouldhaveanswereddifferently.Infact,other

recentstudieshavefoundtherehasneverbeenatimeinAmericanhistorywhensosmall

aproportionofyoungpeoplehavesoughtoracceptedleadershiprolesinlocalcivic

organizations.Itisalsotroublingthatvotingratesamongouryoungesteligiblevoters一

18-to24-year-olds-arewaydown:Littlemorethanoneintournowgotothepolls,even

innationalelections,comparedwithalmosttwicethatmanywhen18-year-oldswerefirst

giventhevote.|J|Inourinterviews,manystudentsviewedpoliticswithsuspicionand

distaste."Mostpoliticiansarekindofcrooked(不誠實的)onestudentdeclared.

Another,discussingnationalpolitics,said."Igettheimpressionmostpeopledon'tthinka

groupofpeoplecandothatmuch."Askedwhattheywouldliketochangeintheworld,

thestudentsmentionedonlypersonalconcernssuchasslowingdownthepaceoflife,

gaininggoodfriends,becomingmorespiritual,becomingeithermorematerially

successfulorlessmateriallyoriented(dependingonthestudent'svalues),andbeingmore

respectfuloftheEarth,animalsandotherpeople.Oneboysaid,"I'dratherbe

concentratingonartisticeffortsthansavingtheworldorsomething."[K]Itisfineand

healthyforteenstocultivatetheirpersonalinterests,anditisgoodnewswhenyoung

peopleenjoyharmoniousrelationswiththeirfamilyandfriends.Butthereisalsoaplace

inayounglifefornoblepurposesthatincludeadedicationtothebroadersociety,alove

ofcountryandanaspirationtomaketheirownleadershipcontributions.[L]Inthepast,

theyounghaveeagerlyparticipatedinnationalserviceandcivicaffairs,oftenwithlotsof

energyandidealism.Ifthisisnothappeningtoday,weshouldaskwhy.Oursociety

needsthefullparticipationofitsyoungercitizensifitistocontinuetothrive.Weknow

thepromiseisthere—thisisawell-grounded,talented,warm-heartedgroupof

youngsters.Wchaveeverythingtogainbyencouragingthemtoexploretheworld

beyondtheirimmediateexperienceandtopreparethemselvesfortheirturnatshaping

thatworld.

1、Notmanyyoungpeopleeligibleforvotingareinterestedinlocalornationalelections

thesedays.

標準答案：I

知識點解析：題干：如今沒有多少具有投票資格的年輕選民對本地或國家選舉感興

趣了。題干的關鍵詞Notmanyyoungpeopleeligibleforvotingarcinterestedinlocal

ornationalelections與1段末句的votingratesamongouryoungesteligiblevoters—18-

to24-year-olds—arewaydown:Littlemorethanoneinlournowgotothepolls,evenin

nationalelection*相對應，題干是對I段末句的同義替換「故本題選L

2、Parentsareconcernedthattheirchildrenmaygetinvolvedincriminaloffencesonce

theyreachtheirteens.

標準答案：B

知識點解析：題干：父母擔心，他們的孩子一旦成為青少年，就會被卷入刑事犯罪

中o題干的關鍵詞Parentsareconcernedthat和getinvolvedincriminaloffences與B

段末句的Nowonderparentsworry及倒數第二句的thecriminaljusticesystem

accountedfornearlyoneoutofeveryfivevisualbackgrounds相對應，題干是對B段

的概括總結。故本題選B。

3、Evenduringtheturbulentyearsoflastcentury,youthrebellionwasoftenexaggerated

inthemedia.

標準答案：F

知識點3析：題干：即使是在20世紀的動蕩年代，媒體也經常會夸大年輕人的叛

逆。題干的時間關鍵詞duringtheturbulentyearsoflastcentury,以及其他關鍵詞

youthrebellionwasoftenexaggeratedinthemedia與F段第二句的Ameregeneration

ago及第三句的thenreportsofwidespreadyouthrebellionwereoverdone相對應，題

干是對F段第二、三句的概括總結。故本題選F。

4、Teenagersoftodayoftenturntotheirparentsforadviceonsuchimportantmattersas

careerchoice.

標準答案：D

知識點解析：題干：如今的年輕人經常向父母尋求關于職業選擇等重要事項的建

議。題干的人物關鍵詞Teenagersoftoday,以及其他關鍵詞turntotheirparentsfor

advice,onsuchimportantmattersascareerchoice與D段第三句的Today'steenagers

及welcomeparentalguidanceaboutimportantmatterssuchascareerchoice相對應，題

干是對D段第三句的同義替換。故本題選D。

5、Theincidenceofteenagecrimeandmisbehaviorisdecreasingnowadays.

標準答案：C

知識點解析：題干：如今，青少年的犯罪率和行為不端的發生率在逐漸降低。題干

的關鍵詞Theincidenceofteenagecrimeandmisbehavior和isdecreasingnowadays4

C段第三句的teenagecrime,drugabuseandpremaritalsexareingeneraldecline相對

應，題干是對C段第三句的同義替換。故本題選C。

6、Youngpeopleshouldhaveloftyidealsinlifeandstrivetobeleaders.

標準答案：K

知識點解析：題干：年輕人在生活中應該具有崇高的理想，努力成為領導人。題干

的關鍵詞Youngpeopleshouldhaveloftyideals和strivetobeleaders與K段末句的a

placeinayounglifefornoblepurposes及anaspirationtomaketheirownleadership

contributions相對應，題干是對K段末句的同義替換。故本題選K。

7、Someyoungpeopleliketokeepsomethingtothemselvesanddon'twanttheirparents

toknowaboutit.

標準答案：A

知識點角1析：題干：一些年輕人想要保留一些秘密，不想讓父母知道。題干的關鍵

詞Someyoungpeopleliketokeepsomethingtothemselves和don'twanttheirparents

toknowaboutit與A段末句的haveallobjectintheirroomstheywouldliketokeep

secretfromiheirparems相對應，題干是對A段末句的同義替換。故本題選A。

8、Itisbeneficialtoencourageyoungpeopletoexplorethebroaderworldandgetready

tomakeitabetterplace.

標準答案：L

知識點解析：題干：鼓勵年輕人探索更廣闊的世界，并準備好使其變成一個更美好

的世界，這是有益的。題干的關鍵詞encourageyoungpeopletoexplorethebroader

worldgetreadytomakeitabetterplace和isbeneficial與L段末句的encouraging

themtoexploretheworldbeyondtheirimmediateexperienceandtopreparethemselves

fortheirturnatshapingthatworld及Wehaveeverythingtogain相對應，題干是對L

段末句的同義替換。故本題選L。

9、Manyteenagersnowoffertorenderservicetotheneedy.

標準答案：E

知識點解蘇?：題干：許多年輕人現在自愿為有需要的人提供服務。題干的關鍵詞

offertorenderservicetotheneedy和Manyteenagers與E段第二句的Manyofthem

volunteerforcommunityservicewithdisadvantagedpeople相對應，題干是對E段第

二句的同義替換。故本題選E。

10、Interviewswithstudentsfindmanyofthemareonlyconcernedaboutpersonal

matters.

標準答案：J

知識點解析：題干：從對學生的采訪中發現，他們中的許多人只關心自己的事情。

題干的關鍵詞Interviewswithstudents和onlyconcernedaboutpersonalmatter與J段

第一句的Inourinterviews第四句的studentsmentionedonlypersonalconcerns相對

應，題干是對J段第一、四句的同義替換。故本題選J。

TheAmericanWorkplaceIsBroken.Here'sHowWecanStartFixingIt.[A]Americans

areworkinglongerandharderhoursthaneverbefore.83%ofworkerssaythey're

stressedabouttheirjobs,nearly50%saywork-relatedstressisinterferingwiththeir

sleep,and60%usetheirsmartphonestocheckinwithworkoutsideofnormalworking

hours.Nowonderonly13%ofemployeesworldwidefeelengagedintheiroccupation.

|B]Glimmers（少許）ofhope,however,arebeginningtoemergeinthisbruising

environment:Americansarcbecomingawareofthetolltheirjobstakeonthem,and

employersareexploringwaystoalleviatetheharmfuleffectsofstressandoverwork.Yet

muchmoreworkremainstobedone.Tocallstressanepidemicisn'texaggeration.The

83%ofAmericanemployeeswhoarestressedabouttheirjobs—upfrom73%justayear

before-saythatpoorcompensationandanunreasonableworkloadaretheirnumber-one

sourcesofstress.Andifyoususpectedthattheworkplacehadgottenmorestressfulthan

itwasjustafewdecadesago,you'reright.Stresslevelsincreased18%forwomenand

24%formenfrom1983to2009.Stressisalsostartingearlierinlife,withsomedata

suggestingthattoday'steensareevenmorestressedthanadults.|C]Stressistakinga

significanttollonourhealth,andthecollectivepublichealthcostmaybeenormous.

Occupationalstressincreasestheriskofheartattackanddiabetes,acceleratestheaging

process,decreaseslongevity,andcontributestodepressionandanxiety,amongnumerous

othernegativehealthoutcomes.Overall,stress-relatedhealthproblemsaccountforupto

90%ofhospitalvisits,manyofthempreventable.Yourjobis'literallykillingyou,"as

TheWashingtonPostputit.It'salsohurtingourrelationships.Workingparentssaythey

feelstressed,tired,rushedandshortonqualitytimewiththeirchildren,friendsand

partners.|D]Sevenin10workerssaytheystruggletomaintainwork-lifebalance.As

technology（andwithit,v/orkemails）seeps（滲入）intoeveryaspectofourlives,work-

lifebalancehasbecomeanalmostmeaninglessterm.Addarapidlychangingeconomy

andanuncertainfuturetothis24/7connectivity,andyou'vegotarecipefbroverwork,

accordingtoPhyllisMoen."There'srisingworkdemandcoupledwiththeinsecurityof

mergers,takeovers,downsizingandotherfactors,“Moensaid."Partofthework-life

issuehastotalkaboutuncertaintyaboutthefuture."[E|Thesefactorshaveconvergedto

createanincreasinglyimpossiblesituationwithmanyemployeesoverworkingtothe

pointofburnout.It'snotonlyunsustainableforworkers,butalsoforthecompaniesthat

employthem.Sciencehasshownaclearcorrelationbetweenhighstresslevelsinworkers

andabsenteeism（曠工），reducedproductivity,disengagementandhighturnover.Too

manyworkplacepolicieseffectivelyprohibitemployeesfromdevelopingahealthyv/ork-

lifebalancebybarringthemfromtakingtimeoff,evenwhentheyneeditmost.|F]The

U.S.trailsfarbehindeverywealthynationandmanydevelopingonesthathavefamily-

friendlyworkpoliciesincludingpaidparentalleave,paidsickdaysandbreast-feeding

support,accordingtoa2007study.TheU.S.isalsotheonlyadvancedeconomythatdoes

notguaranteeworkerspaidvacationtime,andit'soneofonlytwocountriesintheworld

thatdoesnotofferguaranteedpaidmaternityleave.Butevenwhenemployeesaregiven

paidtimeoff,workplacenormsandexpectationsthatpressurethemtooverworkoften

preventthemfromtakingit.Fulltimeemployeeswhodohavepaidvacationdaysonly

usehalfofthemonaverage.[G]Ourmodernworkplacesalsooperatebasedonoutdated

timeconstraints.Thepracticeofclockinginforaneight-hourworkdayisaleftoverfrom

thedaysoftheIndustrialRevolution,asreflectedinthethen-popularsaying,"Eighthours

labor,eighthoursrecreation,eighthoursrest."[H]We'veheldontothisworkday

structure—butthankstoourdigitaldevices,manyemployeesneverreallyclockout.

Today,theaverageAmericanspends8.8hoursatworkdaily,andthemajorityof

workingprofessionalsspendadditionalhourscheckinginwithworkduringevenings,

weekendsandevenvacations.Theproblemisn'tthetechnologyitself,butthatthe

technologyisbeingusedtocreatemoreflexibilityfortheemployerratherthanthe

employee.Inacompetitiveworkenvironment,employersareabletousetechnologyto

demandmorefromtheiremployeesratherthanmotivatingworkerswithflexibilitythat

benefitsthem.[I]Inastudypublishedlastyear,psychologistscoinedtheterm

"workplacetelepressure"todescribeanemployee'surgetoimmediatelyrespondto

emailsandengageinobsessivethoughtsaboutreturninganemailtoone'sboss,

colleaguesorclients.Theresearchersfoundthattelepressureisamajorcauseofstressat

work,whichovertimecontributestophysicalandmentalburnout.Ofthe300employees

participatinginthestudy,thosewhoexperiencedhighlevelsoftelepressureweremore

likelytoagreewithstatementsassessingburnout,like'I'venoenergyforgoingtowork

inthemorning,"andtoreportfeelingfatiguedandunfocused.Tclcpressurcwasalso

correlatedwithsleepingpoorlyandmissingwork.|J|HarvardBusinessSchoolprofessor

LesliePerlowexplainsthatwhenpeoplefeelthepressuretobealwaysMon,"theyfind

waystoaccommodatethatpressure,includingalteringtheirschedules,workhabitsand

interactionswithfamilyandfriends.Perlowcallsthisviciouscyclethe"cycleof

responsiveness":Oncebossesandcolleaguesexperienceanemployee'sincreased

responsiveness,theyincreasetheirdemandsontheemployee'stime.Andbecausea

failuretoaccepttheseincreaseddemandsindicatesalackofcommitmenttoonc*swork,

theemployeecomplies.|K]Toaddressskyrocketingemployeestresslevels,many

companieshaveimplementedworkplacewellnessprograms,partneringwithhealthcare

providersthathavecreatedprogramstopromoteemployeehealthandwell-being.Some

researchdoessuggestthattheseprogramsholdpromise.Astudyofemployeesathealth

insuranceproviderAetnarevealedthatroughlyonequarterofthosetakingin-officeyoga

andmindfulnessclassesreporteda28%reductionintheirstresslevelsanda20%

improvementinsleepquality.TheseIcss-strcsscdworkersgainedanaverageof62

minutesperweekofproductivity.Whileyogaandmeditation(靜思)arescientifically

proventoreducestresslevels,theseprogramsdolittleiotargettherootcausesofburnout

anddisengagement.Theconditionscreatingthestressarelonghours,unrealistic

demandsanddeadlines,andwork-lifeconflict.[L]Moenandhercolleaguesmayhave

foundthesolution.Ina2011study,sheinvestigatedtheeffectsofimplementinga

ResultsOnlyWorkEnvironment(ROWE)ontheproductivityandwell-beingof

employeesatBestBuy'scorporateheadquarters.[M]Forthestudy,325employeesspent

sixmonthstakingpariinROWE,whileacontrolgroupof334employeescontinuedwith

theirnormalworkflow.TheROWEparticipantswereallowedtofreelydeterminewhen,

whereandhowtheyworked—theonlythingthatmatteredwasthattheygotthejobdone.

Theresultswerestriking.Aftersixmonths,theemployeeswhoparticipatedinROWE

reportedreducedwork-familyconflictandabettersenseofcontrolofiheirtime,andthey

weregettingafullhourofextrasleepeachnight.Theemployeeswerelesslikelytoleave

iheirjobs,resultinginreducedturnover.It'simportanttonotethattheincreased

flexibilitydidn'tencouragethemtoworkaroundtheclock."Theydidn'tworkanywhere

andallthetime—theywerebetterabletomanagetheirwork,"Moensaid."Flexibility

andcontroliskey,"shecontinued.

11、Workplacenormspressureemployeestooverwork,deterringthemfromtakingpaid

timeoff.

標準答案：F

知識點解析：題干：職場標準迫使員工過勞工作，阻止他們帶薪休假。題干的關鍵

詞Workplacenorms和deterringthemfromtakingpaidtimeoff與F段倒數第二句的

workplacenorms及preventthemfromtakingit(it指paidtimeoff)相對應，題干是對

F段倒數第二句的同義替換。故本題選F。

12、Theoverwhelmingmajorityofemployeesattributetheirstressmainlytolowpay

andanexcessiveworkload.

標準答案：B

知識點解析：題干：絕大多數員工認為自己的壓力主要源于低工資和過度的工作負

擔。題干的人物關鍵詞Theoverwhelmingmajorityofemployees,以及其他關鍵詞

lowpayandanexcessiveworkload>attributetheirstressmainlyto與B段第四句的

The83%ofAmericanemployees及poorcompensationandanunreasonableworkload,

theftnumber-onesourcesofstress相對應，題干是對B段第四句的同義替換。故木

題選

13、AccordingtoMoen,flexibilitygivesemployeesbettercontrolovertheirworkand

time.

標準答案：M

知識點解析：題干：根據莫恩的說法，靈活性能夠讓員工更好地協調自己的工作和

生活。題干的人物關鍵詞Moen,以及其他關鍵詞flexibility、bettercontrolover

theirworkandtime與原文M段末句的Moensaid/Flexibilityandcontroliskey相對

應，題干是對M段最后兩句的概括總結。故本題選M。

14、Flexibilityresultingfromtheuseofdigitaldevicesbenefitsemployersinsteadof

employees.

標上答案：H

知識點解析：題干：因使用數字設備而產生的靈活性對雇主有利，而非員工。題干

的關鍵詞Flexibilitybenefitsemployersinsteadofemployees和theuseofdigital

devices與H段第三句的createmoreflexibilityfortheemployerratherthanthe

employee及首句的thankstoourdigitaldevices相對應，題干是對H段第一、三句的

概括總結。故本題選H。

15、Researchfindsthatifemployeessufferfromhighstress,theywillbelessmotivated,

lessproductiveandmorelikelytoquit.

標準答案：E

知識點解析：題干：研究發現，如果員工壓力過大，他們的工作積極性就會降低，

I：作效率下降，更有可能離職。題干的關鍵詞Researchfindsthatifemployeessuffer

fromhighstress和belessproductiveandmorelikelytoquit與E段第三句的Science

hasshownaclearcorrelationbetweenhighstresslevelsinworkers...highturnover相對

應，題干是對E段第三句的同義替換。故本題選E,

16、In-officewellnessprogramsmayhelpreducestresslevels,buttheyarehardlyan

ultimatesolutiontotheproblem.

標準答案：K

知識點解析：題干：辦公室內的健身項目可能有助于緩解壓力，但它們難以完全解

決該問題。題干的關鍵詞In-officewellnessprograms和hardlyanultimatesolutionto

theproblem與K段第五句的yogaandmeditation及dolittletotargettherootcauses

相對應，題干是對K段第五句的同義替換。故本題選K。

17、Healthproblemscausedbystressintheworkplaceresultinhugepublichealth

expenses.

標準答案：C

知識點解析：題干：職場壓力帶來的健康問題導致巨大的公共健康支出。題干的關

鍵詞Healthproblemscausedbystress和resultinhugepublichealthexpenses與C段

首句的Stressistakingasignificanttollonourhealththecollectivepublichealthcost

maybeenormous相對應，題干是對C段首句的同義替換。故本題選C。

18、Ifemployeesrespondquicklytotheirjobassignments,theemployerislikelyto

demandmorefromthem.

標準答案：J

知識點解析：題干：如果員工迅速響應工作任務，雇主就有可能對他們提出更多的

要求。題干的關鍵詞employeesrespondquickly和demandmorefromthem與J段第

二句的anemployee'sincreasedresponsiveness及increasetheirdemandsonthe

employee'stime對應，題干是對J段第二句的同義替換。故本題選J。

19、Withtechnologyeverywhereinourlife,ithasbecomevirtuallyimpossibleformost

workerstokeepabalancebetweenworkandlife.

標準答案：D

知識點解析：題干：隨著科技滲透我們生活的方方面面，大多數工人保持工作和生

活的平衡實際上是不可能的。題干的關鍵詞technologyeverywhereinourlife和

impossibleformostworkerstokeepabalancebetweenworkandlife與D段第二句的

technologyseepsintoeveryaspectofourlives及work—lifebalancehasbecomean

almostmeaninglessterm相對應，題干是對D段第二句的同義替換。故本題選D。

20、InAmericatoday,eventeenagerssufferfromstress,andtheirproblemisevenmore

seriousthangrown-ups*.

標準答案：B

知識點解析：題干：在當今的美國，即使是青少年也有壓力，他們的問題甚至比成

年人還要嚴重。題干的關鍵詞teenagerssufferfromstress和evenmoreseriousthan

grown-ups與B段末句的today飛teensareevenmorestressedthanadults相對應，題

干是對B段末句的同義替換。故本題選B。

二、仔細閱讀(本題共70題，每題7.0分，共70分。)

Closeto6,000individuals,amongthemmanyhistorians,havesignedanonlinepetition

protestingtherecentdecisionbyadministratorsatAstonUniversityinBirmingham,

U.K.,todissolvetheirdepartmentofhistory,languagesandtranslationandtorenderthe

facultymembers"redundant'1—thatis,toterminatetheircontractswithinthenextfew

years.Fromaperspectivebeyondtheethicsofemploymentinhighereducation,whatis

happeningatAstonamplifiesalarmsthathavebeguntoringelsewhereaswell,notjustin

theU.K.butalsohereintheUnitedStates.Itappears,basedonTheGuardian'sreporting,

thatthedecisionatAstoncouldbepartofabroaderattackonhumanitiesteachinginthe

so-calledmodernuniversitiesintheU.K.thatcaterinparticulartofirst-generation

collegestudents.Similarly,inAmerica,especiallyatnoneliteuniversities,governing

boardsandadministratorshavemistakenlyassumedthathistoryandotherhumanities

subjectsdonotpreparestudentsforjobs.Statelegislatureshaveevenbeguntoconsider

proposalstoliefinancialaidtoastudent'sdeclarationofmajorsthat"leaddirectlyto

employment."Thisisnotamatterofthescience,technology,engineeringand

mathematicsdisciplines(STEM)versusthehumanities.Onewouldbehard-pressedto

seewherephysicsleadsanymore"directly"toimmediateemploymentthanhistory.

Instead,itisanattackontwooftheverypremisesofundergraduateeducationina

democraticsociety:accesstoopportunityandpreparationforcitizenship.Many

employersareseekingentry-levelapplicantswhoknowhowtolearn,ratherthan,orin

additionto,specificoccupationalknowledge.Moreover,learninghowtolearn-indeed,

thehungerforlifelonglearning—mightwellbemoreappropriatetoaneconomythai

shiftsasrapidlyasweseetoday,nottomentiontheforeseeablefuture.WhenAston

Universityeliminatesprogramsinhistoryandotherhumanitiesdisciplines,itisdenying

itsstudentsthebroadeducationalfoundationnecessarytoopenopportunitiesavailableto

theirpeersattheUniversitiesofOxfordandCambridge.Aston'sdefenseseemstobethat

itwantstoprovidea"practical"education.History,likeotherhumanitiesdisciplines,

mightnotpreparestudentsforparticularjobs.Butitpreparesthemforalifeofcareers.

Studentswholearntothinkhistoricallywillbelifelonglearners.Inthe21st-century

economy,thatisratherpracticalindeed.Everythinghasahistory.AsoneAstonstudent

recentlyexplained,"IfeelliketheskillsIamlearninginthisdegree,Icouldtake

anywhere.It'saboutputtingtogetherinformationandbackingupanargumentwith

evidence.Theideathathistoryisn'tanemployabledegreeisjustbizarre.”

21>WhathavetheAdministratorsatAstonUniversityrecentlydecidedtodo?

A、Toterminatesomehumanitiesdepartments.

B>Toinvitemorehistorianstodeliverlectures.

C>Torenewfacultymembers'contracts.

D^Toredesignhistoryandlanguagescourses.

標準答案：A

知識點解析：細節題。艱據題干關鍵詞AdministratorsatAstonUniversity和

recentlyhavedecided可定位至第一段，該段指出Closeto6000

individuals...terminatetheircontractswithinthenextfewyears（包括許多歷史學家在

內的近6000人簽署了一份在線請愿書，抗議位于英國伯明翰阿斯頓大學的管理人

員近期作出的一項決定，該決定將解散他們的歷史系、語言系和翻譯系，致使這些

教職工變得“多余”，也就是說，在未來幾年內終止他們的合同），A項“停辦部分人

文院系”是對todissolvetheirdepartmentofhistory,languagesandtranslation的同義替

換。故本題選A。B項“邀請更多歷史學家來做講座”與第一段的“許多歷史學家參

與了請愿”表述不符。C項“跟教職員工續簽合同”與第一段的“終止這些教職員工的

合同”表述相反，屬于正反混淆。D項”重新設計歷史和語言課程”與第一段的“將解

散歷史系、語言系和翻譯系”表述不符。

22、WhatistheopinionofmanagersofsomeAmericannoneliteuniversitiesabout

humanitiessubjects?

A>Theyhardlyattractfirst-generationcollegestudents.

B、Theyareineffectiveinhelpingstudentsfindjobs.

C、Theyfailtopromotestudents'creativethinking.

D、Theyarcinneedofexcessivefederalfinancialsupport.

標準答案：R

知識點解析：細節題。艱據題干關鍵詞managers和Americannoneliteuniversities

可定位至第二段第三句，該句指出Similarly,inAmerica,especiallyat

nonelite...historyandotherhumanitiessubjectsdonotpreparestudentsfbrjobs（同樣，

在美國，尤其是在非精英大學，管理委員會和行政人員錯誤地認為歷史和