2025屆陜西省渭南市高三下學期二模英語試題學校:___________姓名：___________班級：___________考號：___________一、閱讀理解Therearealwayssomeplacesthatseemtogowellbeyondourearthlyexpectations.Theseincrediblelocationsaresimilartothoseinsciencefictions,catchingourimaginationandtransportingustootherworldlygrounds.Cappadocia,TurkeyLocatedincentralAnatolia,theareaisknownforitsunusualrockformationsknownas“fairychimneys”.Thesecolumns,createdbyvolcanoesanderosion(腐蝕)overmillionsofyears,givetheregionitsotherworldlyappearance.TsingydeBemarahaTheremarkablesightattractsvisitorswithitsuniquelimestone(石灰石)formations.Stretchingover1,500-squarekilometers,Tsingy,whichmeans“whereonecannotwalkbarefoot,”containssharpsurfacesandundergroundcaves,formingadramaticlandscape.Adventurerscanexploretheparkviabridgesandladderstowitnessthebreathtakingbeautyofthisnaturalwonder.ZhangyeDanxiaNationalGeologicalParkLocatedinChina’sGansuProvince,ZhangyeDanxiaNationalGeologicalParkcontainslandformsthatareoneofnature’smasterpieces.Itsvivid,rainbow-coloredrockformationshavebeenshapedbywindandwatererosionovermillionsofyears.Thelayersofred,orangeandyellowcreatealandscapethatlooksasifitisonadifferentplanetaltogether.Mexico’sYucatanPeninsulaLocatedwithintheremarkablelandscapesofMexico’sYucatanPeninsula,thecenotes(洞井)presentaplaceofotherworldlybeauty.Thesenaturalsinkholes,createdbythecollapseoftheirlimestonebases,openupintocharmingundergroundcavesandshiningpools.Raysofsunlightdancethroughtheopeningsinthewalls,lightingupthewatersbelow,tellingataleofnature’sartistry.Visitingtheseplacesnotonlyprovidesavisualfeast,butalsoremindsusoftheincrediblewonderhereontheEarth.1．WhatfeaturesZhangyeDanxiaNationalGeologicalPark?A．Itssharpgrounds. B．Itscolorfulrocks.C．Itsfairychimneys. D．Itsundergroundcaves.2．Whatcanbelearnedfromthistext?A．VisitorscanonlyexploreTsingydeBemarahathroughladders.B．Cappadociaattractsvisitorswithitsuniquelimestoneformations.C．TheuniquelandscapeinZhangyeisshapedbyvolcanicactivities.D．ThecollapseofthelimestonebasescreatedthenaturalwonderinYucatanPeninsula.3．Inwhichmagazinecanweprobablyreadthistext?A．NatureMedicine.B．TheEconomist.C．NationalGeographic.D．ChineseTranslatorsJournal.EconomistTylerCowenarguesthattraditionalinterviewmethodsarenoteffectiveindeterminingthebestcandidatesforajob,especiallyincreativeroles.Candidateswhoarewell-preparedoftenpasstheseinterviews,butthisonlyteststheirpreparationandnottheirabilities.Todeterminethebestcandidates,Cowensuggeststhatinterviewersconcentrateonauthenticity(真實性)andspontaneity(自發性)intheirinteractionswithcandidates,ratherthanrelyingonpre-writtenquestions.Theinterviewershouldbetrustworthy,Cowenargues,asithelpsthembetterevaluatetheauthenticityofcandidates.Eventually,“bettertalentallocation(分配)”contributestoeconomicgrowth,andmorethoughtfulinterviewmethodscanhelpidentifymoretalentedindividualsandelevatethemtogreateropportunities.Cowenadds,“Therearetoomanyinterviewquestions,andeveryinterviewerisready.Forexample,‘Whatmistakesdidyoumakeinyourpreviousjob?’Butmanycandidatesjustdidn’tpreparewellanddidn’tprovideagoodanswer.Soinmostcases,forbettercandidates,youareactuallyjustpreparingfortesting.Butformorecreativejobs,youwilllosecandidateswithotherqualities.”“HowtogetpeopleintowhatIcallthe“RealMode”largelydependsonwhotheyare,aswellaswhoyouare.IfIaminterviewingacandidate,myfavoritediscussionsarejustthosewithoutscripts.Iprefertohavetheseconversationswithoutaskingquestions.Ihopetheyarenatural.Ilikespontaneity—howtoachieveitdependsontheenvironment,work,howmuchtimeyouhave,andmanyotherfactors.”Anestimatesuggeststhatsincethe1960s,20%to40%ofUSeconomicgrowthhascomefrom“bettertalentallocation”.Ifwehadafresherandmorecreativeinterviewprocess,Idothinkpeoplewouldbemorethoughtful.Theywillthinkmoredeeplyabouttheworktheywillbeengagedin.Ithinkwewillfindtalentsthatwehaven’tseensofar.Wewillenablemorepeopletohavegreateropportunities.”4．Howdoestheauthorstartthispassage?A．Bygivingnumbers. B．Byidentifyingaproblem.C．Bylistingsurveyresults. D．Bygivingadefinition.5．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“elevate”inParagraph3probablymean?A．Challenge. B．Restrict.C．Promote. D．Defeat.6．Whatisthepurposeofmentioning“bettertalentallocation”inthepassage?A．Toexplaintheroleofintervieweesininterviews.B．Todisplaytheimpactoftalentallocationonjobhunting.C．Tostresstheimportanceoftalentallocationforinterviewees.D．Tomakepeoplerethinkinterviewapproachesforbettertalentallocation.7．Thispassageismainlywrittento______.A．interviewers B．intervieweesC．graduates D．careertrainersInanewstudy,researchersusedartificialintelligence(AI)toconfirmthatanappcanidentifypoisonivy(毒藤).Poisonivyranksamongthemostmedicallyproblematicplants.Upto50millionpeopleworldwidesufferannuallyfromrashes(皮疹)causedbycontactwiththeplant,aclimbing,woodyvinenativetoAmericaandseveralareasinAsia.It’sfoundonfarms,inwoods,landscapes,fields,hikingtrails,andotheropenspaces.So,ifyougotothoseplaces,poisonivycanleadtoreactionsthatrequiremedicalattention.Worse,mostpeopledon’tknowpoisonivywhentheyseeit.Thenewappcouldhelpchangethat.“Wewerethefirsttodothis,anditwasdesignedasatoolforhikersorothersworkingoutdoors,”saysNathanBoyd,aprofessorattheUF/IFASGulfCoastResearchandEducationCenter.“Theappusesacameratoidentifyinrealtimeifpoisonivyispresentandprovidesyouwithameasureofcertaintyforthedetection.ItalsofunctionsevenifyouarenotconnectedwiththeInternet.”Thenextstepistomaketheappcommerciallyavailable,andthere’snotimetableforthatyet,Boydsays.Forthestudy,researcherscollectedthousandsofimagesofpoisonivyfromfivelocations.Theylabeledimages,andineachimage,scientistsputboxesaroundtheleavesandstemsoftheplant.Theboxedimageswerecriticalbecausepoisonivyhasauniqueleafarrangementandshape.Scientistsusethosecharacteristicstoidentifytheplant.TheythenrantheimagesthroughAIprogramsandtaughtacomputertorecognizewhichplantsarepoisonivy.Theyalsoincludedimagesofplantsthatarenotpoisonivyorplantsthatlooklikepoisonivytobecertainthecomputerlearnstodistinguishthem.“Webelievethatbyintegratinganobject-detectionalgorithm,publichealth,andplantscience,ourresearchcanencourageandsupportfurtherinvestigationstounderstandpoisonivydistributionandminimizehealthconcerns,”Boydsays.8．Whoneedsthisappmost?A．Wendy,amedicalsciencestudent.B．George,anadventurousgamelover.C．Mr.Johnathan,acomputerengineer.D．BenJames,anoutdoorhikingenthusiast.9．Whatcanweknowabouttheappfromthepassage?A．Itcanworkoffline.B．It’salreadycomeintothemarket.C．Itissupportedbythegeneticalgorithm.D．Itappliessoundwavestoidentifypoisonivy.10．Thelastfourparagraphsmainlytalkabout______.A．theprofitcontributionmadebytheapp B．thestepstodeveloptheappC．thereasonforinventingtheapp D．thedisadvantageoftheapp11．Whatisthesuitabletitleforthepassage?A．GoodNewstoRashPatients.B．AnAppSavesPoisonIvy.C．AnAI-poweredPoisonIvyDetector.D．GoodToolstoEliminatePoisonIvy.SituatedLearningTheory(SLT),firstpresentedbyJeanLaveandEtienneWenger,explainstheprocessanddevelopmentoflearningwhenindividualshavetheopportunitytoparticipateinacommunityofpractice.Insuchacommunity,newlearnershavemoreopportunitiestopracticewithinthecontextoflearning.Inthislight,learningisunintentional.ThisunintentionalnatureoflearningiswhattheauthorscallLegitimatePeripheralParticipation(LPP)(合法的邊緣性參與).InLPP,thelearnermovesfromtheedgeofthecommunitytothecenter.Atfirst,theyparticipatearoundtheedgeandgainexpertiseuntiltheybecomemoreskilledandbecomeexperts.AsimilartheoryisSituatedCognition(認知),proposedbyJohnSeelyBrown,AllanCollinsandPaulDuguid.Theirunderstandinggoesdeeperintothesocialnatureoflearningandarguesthatlearningcannotberemovedfromthesituationsinwhichexpertiseisgainedandmerelybeappliedinschool.Thecultureofconventionalschoolinginfluenceswhatislearned,anddecontextualizedinstructiondoesnotleadtoeffectivelearning.SLThasbeenusedinschoolsettingstoimproveteachingandlearning.It’simportant,however,tonoticethatalthoughtheschooloffersthesocialcontextforlearning,itsometimesfallsshortintheuseofthistheory.Theconstructionofknowledgeneedstobeputinaproperandaccuratecontextwherelearnerscanparticipateandapplywhatislearned.ThenatureofsituatedlearningandtheemphasisonLPPasawaytounderstandhowlearningdevelopscanbeappliedininstructiontounderstandanddesignlearningprocesses.SLTisofgreatvalueinmanyways.Itbringstothetabletheimportanceofrecognizinglearningasaseriesofactivitiesgoingbeyondjustsharingcontent.Theinteractionofthelearnerandtheexpertinthecommunityofpracticeandthedevelopmentoftheformerintoalevelofexpertisetogetherinacontextualizedsettingarewhatfinallysupportsknowledgeconstruction.12．WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph1?A．Studentsmuststudyundertheguidanceofexperts.B．Participatingaroundtheedgeiscrucialtolearning.C．Specialcommunitiesareharmfultounintentionallearning.D．LearnerscanbeexpertsbyacquiringknowledgethroughLPP.13．WhatisthecommongroundofSLTandSituatedCognition?A．Expertiseismerelyfromcontent-sharing.B．Learningshouldhappeninarelatedsetting.C．Effectivelearningistheresultofdecontextualization.D．Conventionalschoolinginfluencesthewayoflearning.14．WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph3?A．SchoolneedstolowertheexpectationsofSLT.B．LearnersmustbetaughtthetheoreticalnatureofSLT.C．SchoolshouldfocusontheaccurateapplicationofSLT.D．TeachingprocessreliesontheacademicinstructionofSLT.15．WhyisSLTofgreatsignificanceaccordingtothelastparagraph?A．Becauseithelpsenrichthelearningprocess.B．Becauseitrevealstheimportanceofexpertise.C．Becauseitstressesthenecessityoflearning.D．Becauseitexplainstheinternallogicofteaching.TheInternetoffersusanopportunitytoknowmorepeoplewithverylittleeffort.16?HowpeopleseeonlinefriendshipsandIRLfriendshipsdependsontheirage.Whiledigitalimmigrants(移民),suchasI,a43-year-oldman,supportthebeliefthatpeople“separatetheironlinelivesfromtheirofflinelives”,thedigitalnatives,suchasmyson,an18-year-oldboy,growingwithFacebookandInstagram,finddifferencesbetweenonlineandofflinefriendshipsmoreunclear.ThePewResearchCenterfindsthat57%ofAmericanteensmakenewfriendsonline.However,italsofindsthatmost“digitalfriendships”juststayinthedigitalspace,17.Itseemsthatreal-timefriendshipsareconsideredmorevaluablethandigitalfriendshipsevenamongthedigitalnatives.So,istheInternetbadforrelationships?Obviouslynot.Withoutthenet,18.Andthedigitalnativeseemstofindonlineinteractionswithreal-lifefriendsbeneficial.83%ofteensocialmediausersbelievethatsocialmediamakesthemfeelmoreconnectedtotheirfriends’lives.19.68%ofteensocialmediausersreporthavingexperiencedunpleasantfeelingstowardtheirfriendsonsocialmedia.26%ofallteenshavehadanargumentwithafriendoversomethingthathappenedonline.20.Butthislinkmustbebasedonintimacyandfamiliarity.Andabalanceofonlineandofflineinteractionswillpavethewayforbetterrelationshipsintheworld.A．However,onlineinteractionscansometimeshaveanegativeeffectonexistingrelationshipsB．PeoplefromdifferentcountriesholddifferentopinionsC．Butareonlinefriendshipsthesameasin-real-life(IRL)friendshipsD．TheInternetisundoubtedlyaninvaluablelinkbetweenpeopleseparatedbydistanceE．andatruefriendissomeonewhogivesyouthefreedomtobeyourselfF．IcouldhaveneverkeptintouchwithmyhighschoolfriendsafteraquarterofacenturyG．andonly20%ofteenshavemetanonlinefriendinperson二、完形填空LuisEscobar,acoachatSt.JosephHigh,was21afunideatochangethepracticeforhissummerprogram.Therefore,he2214runnersfromhisschooltothelocalanimalshelterandpairedthemwith14dogs.“WhenIfirstpresentedthe23,therewerealotofeyerolls,”hesaid.Afterall,itwasagroupofhighschool24.However,thegroupgotabitexcitedwhentheyweretoldtherunwould25aspartoftheircommunityservicethateveryoneattheirhighschoolhadtomeet.Thenoncethestudentssawthedogs,theybecamejusttruly26.Afterashortintroduction,thegroupwentforamileandahalfrun.Escobarfilmedthe27practiceandpostedthevideoonline.Itspread28andwassharedbymillionsofpeopleonsocialmedia.Therewerethousandsofcommentsanditwasquickly29bylocalnews.Escobarwasshocked.Soon,manycoacheshavecalledEscobar,30howtheycanparticipateinsimilarrunswiththeirteams.Andadogequipmentcompanyhas31newharnesses(背帶牽引繩)totheshelter,sothedogscangoforamorecomfortablerun.Andtherewasmoregood32.Fred,whoranwithJosh,oneofthe14highschoolrunners,becamealuckydog—hisstoryhadthe33ending.Aftertherun,Joshconvincedhismomthattheirfamilyneededto34Fred.“Oncehewasjustthislittledogtrembling(顫抖)inametalcage,”Escobarsaid,“Andnowheisliving35withJoshandhisfamily.”21．A．switchingon B．turningoff C．lookingfor D．givingaway22．A．blamed B．combined C．deleted D．took23．A．idea B．concept C．belief D．ability24．A．assistants B．candidates C．employees D．students25．A．depend B．break C．count D．train26．A．disappointed B．enthusiastic C．competitive D．relaxed27．A．special B．frightening C．embarrassing D．gentle28．A．merely B．difficultly C．impossibly D．quickly29．A．demanded B．reported C．convinced D．founded30．A．inquiring B．commenting C．complaining D．grasping31．A．declared B．donated C．negotiated D．suspected32．A．resolution B．leisure C．news D．knowledge33．A．heaviest B．darkest C．saddest D．happiest34．A．adopt B．forget C．contact D．cheat35．A．hardly B．gradually C．comfortably D．definitely三、語法填空閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。AJourneyofOrientalCivilization,organizedbytheMenciusFoundation,waslaunchedinBeijingonJan11,2025.ThejourneywilltakeplaceinsixEuropeancities-Amsterdam,Brussels,Paris,Wolfsburg,HannoverandMunich,wherevariousculturalexchangeeventswill36(hold),accordingtoMengLiang,chairofthefoundation.“Theformsofculturalexchangeduringthejourneyincludebutarenotlimitedtointernationalconferences,businessvisits,37(concert),andsportsevents,”Mengsaid.Alongsidethelaunchevent,Mengengagedin38dialoguecenteringontraditionalChinesemedicine(TCM),I-Ching(《易經》),andthewisdomofMencius,withSupachaiPanitchpakdi,formerdirector-generaloftheWorldTradeOrganization,BorutPahor,formerpresidentofSlovenia,39othernotablefiguresfromhomeandabroad.Mengarguedthatininternationalculturalexchanges,TCMembodiesagentleandbalancedhealthconcept,40(offer)acomplementarysolutiontoWesternmedicine.Healsobelievedthatthedialecticalthinking41(include)inI-Chingresonates(引起共鳴)withWesternphilosophy,providingglobalthinkersandscholarswithnewdimensionsof·thought.Mengalso42(emphasize)thatbeliefs,suchastheinherent(固有的)goodnessofhumannatureandprioritizingrighteousnessandbenevolenceoverprofitandpersonalgain,asadvocatedbytheancientChinesephilosopherMencius,couldleadtoabetterandmore43(harmony)world.BorutPahorbelievedthattheintegrationoftraditionalwisdomandmoderninnovation,regardless44EastorWest,wouldhelpallhumanitytoadvancetogether.HeadvisedthatboththeEastandtheWestneedtorediscoverthewisdomofbalanceandharmonyinChinesetraditionalculture,45canhelpthefragmentedmodernworldreintegrate.四、書信寫作46．為提升學生節約意識，你校于上周開展了“舊書回收(UsedBooksRecycling)”活動，假如你是李華，是校英文報實習編輯，請你寫一篇報道，報道此次活動。內容包括：1.活動目的；2.活動內容；3.活動效果及意義。注意：1.寫作詞數應為80左右；2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。UsedBooksRecyclingEvent____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________五、書面表達47．閱讀下面材料，根據其內容和所給段落開頭語續寫兩段，使之構成一篇完整的短文。Thereisoneincidentinmylifethatmakesmewanttosaythankyoutothepersoninvolved.MystoryhappenedinJune,1975.Itbeganwhenmyfamilywasfinallynotifiedthatwehadsuccessfullymetalltherequirementstoemigrate(移民)toCanada.Weimmediatelysetaboutsellingourhouseholdgoodstohaveenoughmoneytostartourlifeinanewcountry.However,ourgovernmentonlyallowedustouseasmallportionofthemoneytopayfortheflighttickets.TherestwasrequiredtobesentdirectlytoabankaccountinCanada.Theonlycashwewereallowedtotakealongwithuswas$16.Westartedourjourney.ItwasthefirsttimemychildrenandIhadleftourhomecountry,andthefirsttimewehadtravelledbyplane.Wewerefilledwithamixtureofexcitementandnervousness.Everythingwasnewtous,especiallytheconceptofin-flightentertainment.Inourhomecountry,wedidnotyethaveaccesstotelevisions,sothethoughtofwatchingmoviesduringtheflightwasthrilling.However,ourexcitementquicklyturnedintodisappointmentwhenwerealizedthatheadphoneswerenotprovidedforfree.Thestewardessinformedusthatheadphonescost$1foreconomyclasspassengers.Mychildrenlookedatmewithlongingeyes,askingiftheycouldhaveadollarforasetofheadphoneswhichtheyintendedtoshare.Deepdown,Iknewthatwecouldn’taffordtospendanyofourlimitedcashonheadphones,notevenasingleset.Unwillingly,Iexplainedthesituationtomychildren,preparingfortheirdisappointmentandunderstandingthattheywouldhavetogowithoutheadphonesforthedurationoftheflight.Mychildrenaccepteditwithoutcomplaint.Butourdisappointmentmusthaveshownclearly.注意：1.續寫詞數應為150左右；2.請按如下格式在答題紙的相應位置作答。Agentlemannearbyhandedhisheadphonestous,smiling,withoutsayingaword.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Thisincidentdefinitelyhadapowerfuleffectonmychildrenandencouragedthemtospreadkindness.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________《2025屆陜西省渭南市高三下學期二模英語試題》參考答案題號12345678910答案BDCBCDADAB題號11121314151617181920答案CDBCACGFAD題號21222324252627282930答案CDADCBADBA題號3132333435答案BCDAC1．B2．D3．C【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了四個宛如科幻世界的奇特自然景觀。1．細節理解題。根據ZhangyeDanxiaNationalGeologicalPark部分中“Itsvivid,rainbow-coloredrockformationshavebeenshapedbywindandwatererosionovermillionsofyears.Thelayersofred,orangeandyellowcreatealandscapethatlooksasifitisonadifferentplanetaltogether.(其色彩鮮艷、呈彩虹色的巖層是數百萬年來經風化和水蝕作用形成的。層層的紅色、橙色和黃色構成了一幅看起來仿佛完全來自另一個星球的景觀)”可知，張掖丹霞國家地質公園的特點是其色彩斑斕的巖石。數百萬年來經風化和水蝕形成了鮮艷的、彩虹色的巖層，紅、橙、黃等色彩層次構成了仿佛來自另一個星球的景觀。所以其特色是彩色的巖石。故選B。2．細節理解題。根據Mexico’sYucatanPeninsula部分中“Thesenaturalsinkholes,createdbythecollapseoftheirlimestonebases,openupintocharmingundergroundcavesandshiningpools.(這些由石灰巖基座坍塌而形成的天然天坑，通向了迷人的地下洞穴和波光粼粼的水潭)”可知，墨西哥尤卡坦半島的天然天坑是由其石灰巖基座的坍塌形成的，這些天坑形成了迷人的地下洞穴和波光粼粼的水池，即石灰巖基座的坍塌造就了尤卡坦半島的自然奇觀。故選D。3．推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段“Therearealwayssomeplacesthatseemtogowellbeyondourearthlyexpectations.Theseincrediblelocationsaresimilartothoseinsciencefictions,catchingourimaginationandtransportingustootherworldlygrounds.(總有一些地方似乎遠遠超出了我們對塵世的預期。這些令人驚嘆的地方就如同科幻小說中描繪的場景一樣，激發著我們的想象力，將我們帶到超凡脫俗的境地)”可知，文章主要介紹了四個地球上宛如科幻世界的自然景觀，包括它們的形成原因和特點等內容。“NationalGeographic(《國家地理》)”雜志主要涉及自然地理、科學探索等方面的內容，與本文介紹自然景觀的主題相符，所以我們可能在《國家地理》雜志上讀到這篇文章。故選C。4．B5．C6．D7．A【導語】本文是一篇議論文。文章主要討論了經濟學家TylerCowen關于傳統面試方法的觀點，他認為傳統面試方法存在不足，并提出了改進面試方法的建議，以實現更好的人才分配和經濟增長。4．推理判斷題。根據第一段中的“EconomistTylerCowenarguesthattraditionalinterviewmethodsarenoteffectiveindeterminingthebestcandidatesforajob,especiallyincreativeroles.(經濟學家TylerCowen認為，傳統的面試方法在確定工作的最佳人選方面并不有效，尤其是在創意崗位上)”可知，文章開頭指出傳統面試方法在招聘中（尤其是創意崗位）存在的問題，即無法有效篩選出最佳候選人。由此推知，作者是通過識別一個問題來開始這篇文章的。故選B。5．詞句猜測題。根據劃線詞所在句“morethoughtfulinterviewmethodscanhelpidentifymoretalentedindividualsandelevatethemtogreateropportunities.(更周到的面試方法可以幫助發現更有才華的人，并為他們elevate更大的機會)”可知，劃線詞elevate與greateropportunities(更大的機會)搭配，表示通過更好的面試方法，幫助有才華的人獲得更大的機會。由此可知，elevate與promote(提升，促進)意思接近。故選C。6．推理判斷題。根據最后一段中的“Anestimatesuggeststhatsincethe1960s,20%to40%ofUSeconomicgrowthhascomefrom“bettertalentallocation”.Ifwehadafresherandmorecreativeinterviewprocess,Idothinkpeoplewouldbemorethoughtful.(據估計，自上世紀60年代以來，美國經濟增長的20%至40%來自“更好的人才配置”。如果我們有一個更新鮮、更有創意的面試過程，我認為人們會考慮得更周到)”可推知，提到“更好的人才分配”是為了讓人們重新思考面試方法，以實現更好的人才分配。故選D。7．推理判斷題。根據全文內容，并結合第二段“ Todeterminethebestcandidates,Cowensuggeststhatinterviewersconcentrateonauthenticity(真實性)andspontaneity(自發性)intheirinteractionswithcandidates,ratherthanrelyingonpre-writtenquestions.(為了確定最佳候選人，考恩建議面試官在與候選人的互動中注重真實性和自發性，而不是依賴于預先寫好的問題)”可知，文章主要討論的是面試方法的改進，強調面試官（interviewers）應該如何改變傳統的面試方式，以更好地識別和選拔人才。文章中多次提到“interviewers”和“interviewmethods”，并且建議面試官如何改進面試過程。由此推知，這篇文章主要是寫給面試官的，旨在討論如何改進面試方法以更好地發現和提升人才。故選A。8．D9．A10．B11．C【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了研究人員利用人工智能開發了一款應用程序，能夠通過攝像頭實時識別毒藤，幫助減少因接觸該植物而導致的健康問題，并計劃在未來將其商業化。8．推理判斷題。根據第三段“It’sfoundonfarms,inwoods,landscapes,fields,hikingtrails,andotheropenspaces.(它（毒藤）存在于農場、樹林、風景、田野、遠足徑和其他開放空間)”和第五段中“Wewerethefirsttodothis,anditwasdesignedasatoolforhikersorothersworkingoutdoors(我們是第一個這樣做的，它是為遠足者或其他在戶外工作的人設計的工具)”可知，該應用程序是為遠足者或其他在戶外工作的人設計的。由此可知，本?詹姆斯，一位熱衷于戶外徒步旅行的愛好者受益最大。故選D項。9．細節理解題。根據第五段“Theappusesacameratoidentifyinrealtimeifpoisonivyispresentandprovidesyouwithameasureofcertaintyforthedetection.ItalsofunctionsevenifyouarenotconnectedwiththeInternet.(這款應用程序使用攝像頭實時識別是否存在毒藤，并為你提供檢測的可靠程度。即使你沒有連接網絡，它也能正常運行。)”可知，這款應用程序即使在沒有聯網的情況下也能運行，即可以離線工作。故選A。10．主旨大意題。根據倒數第四段“Forthestudy,researcherscollectedthousandsofimagesofpoisonivyfromfivelocations.(在這項研究中，研究人員從五個地點收集了數千張毒藤的照片)”、倒數第三段中“Theylabeledimages,andineachimage,scientistsputboxesaroundtheleavesandstemsoftheplant.(他們給圖片貼上標簽，在每張圖片中，科學家們在植物的葉子和莖周圍打上方框)”、倒數第二段“TheythenrantheimagesthroughAIprogramsandtaughtacomputertorecognizewhichplantsarepoisonivy.Theyalsoincludedimagesofplantsthatarenotpoisonivyorplantsthatlooklikepoisonivytobecertainthecomputerlearnstodistinguishthem.(然后，他們通過人工智能程序運行這些圖像，并教會計算機識別哪些植物是毒藤。他們還包括了不是毒藤或看起來像毒藤的植物的圖像，以確保計算機能夠學會區分它們)”和最后一段中“Webelievethatbyintegratinganobject-detectionalgorithm,publichealth,andplantscience,ourresearchcanencourageandsupportfurtherinvestigationstounderstandpoisonivydistributionandminimizehealthconcerns(我們相信，通過整合目標檢測算法、公共衛生和植物科學，我們的研究可以鼓勵和支持進一步的調查，以了解毒藤的分布，并最大限度地減少健康問題)”可知，最后四段主要討論了研究人員開發該應用程序的具體步驟。故選B項。11．主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段“Inanewstudy,researchersusedartificialintelligence(AI)toconfirmthatanappcanidentifypoisonivy(毒藤).(在一項新的研究中，研究人員利用人工智能(AI)證實了一款應用程序可以識別毒藤)”可知，文章主要介紹了研究人員利用人工智能開發了一款應用程序，能夠通過攝像頭實時識別毒藤，幫助減少因接觸該植物而導致的健康問題，并計劃在未來將其商業化。因此，C項“一款由人工智能驅動的毒藤探測器。”最契合文章主旨，適合作為文章標題。故選C項。12．D13．B14．C15．A【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了情境學習理論（SLT）和情境認知理論，強調了學習者在實踐社區中的參與和知識建構的重要性。文章還討論了這些理論在教育中的應用，以及它們對教學和學習過程的貢獻。12．細節理解題。根據第一段中的“Inthislight,learningisunintentional.ThisunintentionalnatureoflearningiswhattheauthorscallLegitimatePeripheralParticipation(LPP)(合法的邊緣性參與).InLPP,thelearnermovesfromtheedgeofthecommunitytothecenter.Atfirst,theyparticipatearoundtheedgeandgainexpertiseuntiltheybecomemoreskilledandbecomeexperts.(從這個角度來看，學習是無意識的。這種無意識的學習本質就是作者所說的合法外圍參與（LPP）。在LPP中，學習者從社區的邊緣移動到中心。一開始，他們在邊緣參與并獲得專業知識，直到他們變得更熟練并成為專家)”可知，學習者通過合法的邊緣性參與（LPP）從社區的邊緣逐漸走向中心，并通過參與逐漸獲得專業知識，最終成為專家。由此可知，學習者可以通過LPP獲得知識并成為專家。故選D。13．細節理解題。根據第二段中的“Theirunderstandinggoesdeeperintothesocialnatureoflearningandarguesthatlearningcannotberemovedfromthesituationsinwhichexpertiseisgainedandmerelybeappliedinschool.(它們的理解更深入地探討了學習的社會本質，并認為學習不能脫離獲得專業知識的情況，而僅僅是在學校里應用)”可知，SLT和SituatedCognition都認為學習應該發生在與實際情境相關的環境中，而不是脫離實際情境的學校環境中。由此可知，兩者的共同點是學習應該在相關的環境中發生。故選B。14．推理判斷題。根據第三段中的“Theconstructionofknowledgeneedstobeputinaproperandaccuratecontextwherelearnerscanparticipateandapplywhatislearned.ThenatureofsituatedlearningandtheemphasisonLPPasawaytounderstandhowlearningdevelopscanbeappliedininstructiontounderstandanddesignlearningprocesses.(知識的構建需要放在一個恰當的、準確的語境中，讓學習者能夠參與并應用所學的知識。情境學習的本質和強調LPP作為理解學習如何發展的一種方式，可以應用于教學中，以理解和設計學習過程)”可知，本段強調了學校需要將知識構建放在一個合適且準確的環境中，并且強調了SLT在教學設計中的應用。由此推