話題33海洋奧秘探索及保護Ⅰ.閱讀理解Coralreefsareanecessarypartofsealifeandsupportitbyprovidingshelterandhabitattovariousorganisms.Theyalsosupplyandrecyclenutrientsaswellasenableafishpopulationtoboom，alongwithotherspecies，forahealthyanddiverseecosystem.However，theriseinaveragewatertemperatureduetoclimatechangehasresultedinmorefrequentandextended“coralbleaching(珊瑚白化)”eventsthatdamagetheirhealth，causingfishandotherseaspeciestoabandonthem.Inordertorepairthisdelicateecosystem，scientistsfromtheUKandAustraliaconductedastudythatinvolvedusingspeakersunderwaterneardamagedcoralreefstomakethemsoundhealthyandattractfish，potentiallystartingthenaturalrecoveryprocessofcoralreefsandtheirdependentlifeforms.ThelocationofthisexperimentwastheGreatBarrierReefintheCoralSea，foundalongsidetheeastcoastofQueensland，Australia，whichisfamousforhavingthelargestcoralreefsystemintheworldthat’s2，300kilometreslongandcoversanareaofnearly344，400squarekilometres.Byusingloudspeakerstoreproducesuchsounds，areasofdeadcoralreefswerefoundtoattracttwiceasmanyfish，comparedtoplaceswherenosoundswereplayed.Thesereturningfishcouldhelpintherecoveryofthisecosystembygivingthoseareasofcoralachanceofnewlife.“Fishareimportantforcoralreefstofunctionashealthyecosystems.Increasingfishpopulationsinthiswaycouldhelptostartthenaturalrecoveryprocess，reducingthedamagewe’reseeingonmanycoralreefsaroundtheworld.Ofcourse，attractingfishtoadeadcoralreefwon’tbringitbacktolifeautomatically，buttherecoveryprocessreliesonfishthatcleanthecoralreeftomakespaceforcoraltoregrow，”saidMarkMeekan.【語篇解讀】本文是說明文。珊瑚礁是海洋生物的必要組成部分。然而，氣候變化造成了珊瑚白化。科學家們進行了研究，在水下使用揚聲器來吸引魚群，以幫助恢復受損的珊瑚礁。1.Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?A.Theimportanceofcoralreefs.B.Theinfluenceofclimatechange.C.Theperfectplaceforseaspecies.D.Theecosystem’sdiversityandcomplexity.答案A[段落大意題。根據第一段內容可知，珊瑚礁是海洋生物的必要組成部分，不但為各種海洋生物提供住所和棲息地，還提供和回收利用營養物質，使魚類種群與其他物種一起繁榮發展，形成一個健康和多樣化的生態系統。由此可推知，本段主要講述了珊瑚礁的重要性。]2.What’sthepurposeofusingspeakersunderwater?A.Tomakefishmoreactive.B.Totestdamagedcoralreefs.C.Tohelprecovertheecosystem.D.Tohelpspeedthegrowthofcoralreefs.答案C[細節理解題。根據第三段內容可知，為了修復珊瑚礁這一脆弱的生態系統，科學家們在水下使用了揚聲器。]3.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEabouttheexperiment?A.Itwasn’tcarriedoutinthelargestcoralreefsystem.B.Itdrewmuchpublicattention.C.Ithasbroughtdeadcoralreefsbacktolife.D.Theloudspeakerswerehelpfulinattractingfish.答案D[正誤判斷題。根據第四段中的“Byusingloudspeakers...wherenosoundswereplayed.”可知，與沒有播放聲音的地方相比，在該實驗中用揚聲器產生的聲音為死去的珊瑚礁吸引了兩倍多的魚。]4.WhatisMarkMeekan’sattitudetowardstheuseofspeakers?A.Doubtful. B.Positive.C.Disappointed. D.Indifferent.答案B[觀點態度題。根據最后一段MarkMeekan說的話可知，揚聲器可以吸引魚群，魚群雖然不會使死珊瑚礁自動復活，但其恢復過程依賴魚來清潔珊瑚礁，以給珊瑚重新生長的空間，由此可推知，MarkMeekan對使用揚聲器持肯定的態度。]Severalyearsago，JasonBox，ascientistfromOhio，flew31giantrollsofwhiteplastictoaglacier(冰川)inGreenland.Heandhisteamspreadthemacross10，000feetofice，andthenleft.Hisideawasthatthewhiteblanketwouldreflectbacktheraysofthesun，keepingtheicebelowcool.Whenhecamebacktochecktheresults，hefounditworked.Theexposedicehadmeltedfasterthanthecoveredice.Hehadnotonlysavedtwofeetoftheglacierinashorttime.Nocoalplantswereshutdown，nojobswerelost，andnobodywastaxedorfired.Itwasjustthesortoffixwe’relookingfor.“Thankyou，butnothankyou，”saidRalphKing，aclimatescientist.HetoldGreyChilds，authorandcommentator，that“peoplethinktechnologycansavetheplanet，butthereareotherthingsweneedtodealwith，likeconsumption.Theyburned$50，000justforthehelicoptertobringtheplastictotheglacier.”Thisexperimentgivespeoplefalsehopethatclimatechangecanbefixedwithoutchanginghumanbehaviour.Itcan’t.Technologywon’tgiveusafreeride.Individualsrespondtoclimatechangedifferently.ClimatologistKellySmithishardlyaloneinherpredictionthatsomedaysoonwewon’tbeclimatevictims—wewillbeclimatechoosers.Morescientistsagreewithherthatifthehumanracesurvives，theengineerswillgetsmarter，thetoolswillgetbetter，andonedaywewillcontroltheclimate.Butwhatthen？“Justthementionofuscontrollingtheclimatesentasmallshiverdownmyback，”Greywrites.“Somethingsoundedwrongaboutstoppingiceagesbyourownwill，”hesays.Me？Ilikeitbetterwhentheearthtakescareofitself.Iguessonedaywewillhavetoruntheplace，butforthemoment，sittingatmydesk，lookingoutatthetreesbendingwildlyandthewindhowling，I’mhappynottobeincharge.【語篇解讀】本文是議論文。文章以一個付出巨大代價保護冰川的實例告訴人們，看起來氣候變化可以在不改變人類行為的情況下得到解決，但不同的人對此有不同的看法，比如有人認為科技不能幫助人類在不改變自身行為的前提下修正氣候變化；有人對人類控制氣候的說法感到一絲恐懼等。5.WhydoestheauthormentionJasonBox’sexperimentinthefirstparagraph?A.Tointroduceapossiblesolutiontoclimatechange.B.Todescribeamisleadingattempttofixtheclimate.C.Toreportonasuccessfulexperimentonsavingtheglacier.D.Toarousepeople’sattentiontotheproblemofglobalwarming.答案B[寫作意圖題。根據第二段中的“Thisexperiment...giveusafreeride”可知，作者認為這個實驗會給人們一種錯誤的希望，但其實氣候變化在不改變人類行為的情況下不能得到修正。由此可知，作者在第一段提到JasonBox的實驗是為了描述一次具有誤導性的修正氣候的嘗試。]6.WhichstatementwouldRalphKingmostprobablyagreewith?A.Thefightagainstclimatechangewillnotsucceed.B.Technologyisnotthefinalsolution，letaloneitshighcost.C.It’sbesttodealwithclimatechangewithoutchangingourbehaviour.D.Jason’sexperimentplaysasignificantroleinfixingclimatechange.答案B[推理判斷題。根據第二段RalphKing所說的話可推知，RalphKing認為用科技解決氣候問題花費高，且科技不是最終解決方案。]7.WhatisGreyChilds’attitudetohuman’scontrollingtheclimate?A.Favourable. B.Tolerant.C.Doubtful. D.Unclear.答案C[觀點態度題。根據第三段中的“Justthemention...back”“Somethingsounded...byourownwill”可知，GreyChilds認為人類控制氣候聽起來就有點讓人害怕，故GreyChilds對此持懷疑態度。]8.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Butshouldwefixtheclimate?B.Isclimatechangearealproblem?C.Howcanwetakecareoftheearth?D.Whatifalltheglaciersdisappeared?答案A[標題歸納題。第一段作者介紹了JasonBox拯救冰川的實驗；第二段作者認為此次實驗傳遞給人們錯誤的希望，并認為在不改變人類行為的情況下科技不能修正氣候變化；第三段作者介紹了不同人對人類控制氣候的看法；第四段作者認為地球有自己的規律，我們應順其自然。故本文可用A項(但是我們應該修正氣候嗎？)作標題。]Ⅱ.完形填空(2024·湖南省郴州市二模)Asaflorist，Ispenthoursarrangingthedisplayforanevent.Butadaylater，itwasunwantedandthrownaway1.Iwantedtodosomethingwithit，believingmanyoftheflowersstillingoodconditioncouldbe2.ThinkingIcouldmakethemostofthesebeautiful3，Istartedtakinghomeasmanyaspossible，andgivingthemtohospitals，buttherewerestillmany4.Then，onedayIhadan5.Ibeganrepurposingsomeoftheminto6items.Apinkagapanthus(百子蓮)becameanecklace，whileIusedabanksia(山龍眼)asagiantheadpiece.Afriend，Lilywasattractive，withtheorangeflowersonher7，whichlookedlikeafamoushairstyle.Andsomeofmycreationswere8byanotherfriend.Sharingthephotosonthesocialmediagotpeople9.Manywere10athowwastefulthefloralindustrycouldbe.Bythen，Ifoundmore11.Myartworksshowedmethatwereallycould12flowers.OnValentine’sDay，thereweresomany13rosesthatIwovethemtogetherintoagiantredsuit，whichLilyworewhilewalkingthroughthecity.Ithinkmyworkis14theideasaboutbeauty.Somethingthatpeoplemightthinkis15forthebincanreallyhaveawholeotherlifeinit.SoIhopepeoplecanthinkmoreaboutwhattheythrowout.【語篇解讀】本文是記敘文。作者作為一名花商，利用被丟棄的鮮花制作成一些時尚物品，從而呼吁更多人關注被扔掉的東西。1.A.specially B.patientlyC.intentionally D.carefully答案C[結合前文“itwasunwantedandthrownaway”可知，鮮花被故意丟掉了。intentionally故意地。]2.A.refunded B.reusedC.returned D.recommended答案B[結合前文“believingmanyoftheflowersstillingoodcondition”可知，許多花仍然很好，所以可以被重新利用。]3.A.stages B.displaysC.plants D.memories答案C[根據上文“believingmanyoftheflowersstillingoodcondition”可知，此處指作者想充分利用這些花，這里用plants指代上文的flowers。]4.A.leftover B.takenoverC.lookedover D.gotover答案A[結合上文“Asaflorist，Ispenthoursarrangingthedisplayforanevent.”及“Istartedtakinghomeasmanyaspossible，andgivingthemtohospitals，buttherewerestillmany”可知，布置一次展出會用到很多的花，所以此處指我盡可能多地把被扔掉的一些花帶回家，但仍有許多花被剩下。leaveover留下，剩下；takeover接管；lookover檢查；審查；getover克服。]5.A.interview B.accidentC.opportunity D.idea答案D[結合下文“Apinkagapanthus(百子蓮)becameanecklace，whileIusedabanksia(山龍眼)asagiantheadpiece.”可知，作者把帶回來的花做成了其他的東西，因此此處指作者有了一個想法。]6.A.sales B.workC.study D.fashion答案D[結合下文“Apinkagapanthus(百子蓮)becameanecklace，whileIusedabanksia(山龍眼)asagiantheadpiece.”可知，項鏈和頭飾都是時尚物品。]7.A.way B.headC.list D.back答案B[結合下文“whichlookedlikeafamoushairstyle”可知，莉莉頭上戴著橘色的花。]8.A.created B.approvedC.identified D.photographed答案D[結合下文“Sharingthephotosonthesocialmedia”可知，把照片發在網上，因而這里指我的一位朋友拍了我的作品的照片。]9.A.performing B.talkingC.competing D.succeeding答案B[結合下文“Manywereathowwastefulthefloralindustrycouldbe.”可知，看到照片上的花，引發了人們的議論。]10.A.alarmed B.relievedC.shocked D.embarrassed答案C[根據下文“howwastefulthefloralindustrycouldbe”可知，人們對于花卉的浪費很是震驚。alarmed擔心；害怕；relieved放心的；感到寬慰的；embarrassed尷尬的。]11.A.possibilities B.statisticsC.standards D.examples答案A[結合下文“Iwovethemtogetherintoagiantredsuit，whichLilyworewhilewalkingthroughthecity”可知，此處指作者找到了把花做成其他物品的可能性。]12.A.purchase B.wearC.choose D.generate答案B[結合下文“Iwovethemtogetherintoagiantredsuit，whichLilyworewhilewalkingthroughthecity”可知，作者把花編織成一件巨大的紅色套裝，莉莉穿著它在城里散步，因而此處指我們可以穿戴鮮花。]13.A.unwanted B.indoorC.beautiful D.fake答案A[結合前文內容可知，作者把被扔掉的狀態好的花卉做成其他的時尚裝飾品，所以此處指作者把無用的玫瑰做成了一個巨大的紅色套裝。]14.A.comprising B.classifyingC.changing D.collecting答案C[結合上文“Myartworksshowedmethatwereallycouldflowers.”及“Iwovethemtogetherintoagiantredsuit，whichLilyworewhilewalkingthroughthecity”可知，作者通過把花做成套裝，讓朋友穿在身上，因而此處指作者的做法正在改變人們對美的看法。]15.A.convenient B.enoughC.essential D.fit答案D[結合下文“forthebin”及“Ihopepeoplecanthinkmoreaboutwhattheythrowout.”可知，被扔掉的東西理應在垃圾桶里。所以此處指適合在垃圾桶的東西。]Ⅲ.語法填空(2024·山西省晉中市高三二模)TheGrandCanal，agreatman－madeprojectcompletedinancientChina，haswitnessedChinesehistoryspanningover2，500years.OnJune22，2014，it1.(include)ontheWorldCulturalHeritageList.Overathousandyears，theGrandCanalhasbeenmeandering(蜿蜒而行)througheightprovincesandcitiesalong2.(it)courseof3，200kilometersandconnectingfivemajorrivers，which3.(be)thelongestandoldestcanalintheworld.Itisapreciousheritage4.(pass)downtousbyourancestors.Inmoderntimes，as5.resultofsocialunrest，climatechange，economicchangeandotherimpacts，theGrandCanalhasbeentroubledbyaseriesofproblemssuchasriverchannelcutoff，water6.(pollute)，andwaterecologicaldamage.ItwasoncetheChinesepeople’sdreamthattheGrandCanalcouldberestoredtothepastglory.7.thebeginningofthenewera，manyplacesalongtheGrandCanalhavelaunchedecologicalrestorationprojects.Whilemaintainingtheoriginalformoftherivercourse，theyhavefocusedonscientificprotectionandculturalheritage，8.(highlight)thecultural，historicalandecologicalvalueoftheGrandCanal.OnApril28，2022，theGrandCanalwasrefilledwithwaterforthefirsttimeinacentury，aftera14－daywater－supplyproject.With9.(far)developmentoftheproject，theGrandCanalhas