話題33海洋奧秘探索及保護(hù)主題群一環(huán)境與保護(hù)Ⅰ.閱讀理解Coralreefsareanecessarypartofsealifeandsupportitbyprovidingshelterandhabitattovariousorganisms.Theyalsosupplyandrecyclenutrientsaswellasenableafishpopulationtoboom，alongwithotherspecies，forahealthyanddiverseecosystem.However，theriseinaveragewatertemperatureduetoclimatechangehasresultedinmorefrequentandextended“coralbleaching(珊瑚白化)”eventsthatdamagetheirhealth，causingfishandotherseaspeciestoabandonthem.Inordertorepairthisdelicateecosystem，scientistsfromtheUKandAustraliaconductedastudythatinvolvedusingspeakersunderwaterneardamagedcoralreefstomakethemsoundhealthyandattractfish，potentiallystartingthenaturalrecoveryprocessofcoralreefsandtheirdependentlifeforms.ThelocationofthisexperimentwastheGreatBarrierReefintheCoralSea，foundalongsidetheeastcoastofQueensland，Australia，whichisfamousforhavingthelargestcoralreefsystemintheworldthat’s2，300kilometreslongandcoversanareaofnearly344，400squarekilometres.Byusingloudspeakerstoreproducesuchsounds，areasofdeadcoralreefswerefoundtoattracttwiceasmanyfish，comparedtoplaceswherenosoundswereplayed.Thesereturningfishcouldhelpintherecoveryofthisecosystembygivingthoseareasofcoralachanceofnewlife.“Fishareimportantforcoralreefstofunctionashealthyecosystems.Increasingfishpopulationsinthiswaycouldhelptostartthenaturalrecoveryprocess，reducingthedamagewe’reseeingonmanycoralreefsaroundtheworld.Ofcourse，attractingfishtoadeadcoralreefwon’tbringitbacktolifeautomatically，buttherecoveryprocessreliesonfishthatcleanthecoralreeftomakespaceforcoraltoregrow，”saidMarkMeekan.【語篇解讀】

本文是說明文。珊瑚礁是海洋生物的必要組成部分。然而，氣候變化造成了珊瑚白化。科學(xué)家們進(jìn)行了研究，在水下使用揚(yáng)聲器來吸引魚群，以幫助恢復(fù)受損的珊瑚礁。1.Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?A.Theimportanceofcoralreefs.B.Theinfluenceofclimatechange.C.Theperfectplaceforseaspecies.D.Theecosystem’sdiversityandcomplexity.解析

段落大意題。根據(jù)第一段內(nèi)容可知，珊瑚礁是海洋生物的必要組成部分，不但為各種海洋生物提供住所和棲息地，還提供和回收利用營(yíng)養(yǎng)物質(zhì)，使魚類種群與其他物種一起繁榮發(fā)展，形成一個(gè)健康和多樣化的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。由此可推知，本段主要講述了珊瑚礁的重要性。√2.What’sthepurposeofusingspeakersunderwater?A.Tomakefishmoreactive.B.Totestdamagedcoralreefs.C.Tohelprecovertheecosystem.D.Tohelpspeedthegrowthofcoralreefs.解析

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容可知，為了修復(fù)珊瑚礁這一脆弱的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)，科學(xué)家們?cè)谒率褂昧藫P(yáng)聲器。√3.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEabouttheexperiment?A.Itwasn’tcarriedoutinthelargestcoralreefsystem.B.Itdrewmuchpublicattention.C.Ithasbroughtdeadcoralreefsbacktolife.D.Theloudspeakerswerehelpfulinattractingfish.解析

正誤判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Byusingloudspeakers...wherenosoundswereplayed.”可知，與沒有播放聲音的地方相比，在該實(shí)驗(yàn)中用揚(yáng)聲器產(chǎn)生的聲音為死去的珊瑚礁吸引了兩倍多的魚。√4.WhatisMarkMeekan’sattitudetowardstheuseofspeakers? A.Doubtful. B.Positive.C.Disappointed. D.Indifferent.解析

觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)最后一段MarkMeekan說的話可知，揚(yáng)聲器可以吸引魚群，魚群雖然不會(huì)使死珊瑚礁自動(dòng)復(fù)活，但其恢復(fù)過程依賴魚來清潔珊瑚礁，以給珊瑚重新生長(zhǎng)的空間，由此可推知，MarkMeekan對(duì)使用揚(yáng)聲器持肯定的態(tài)度。√Severalyearsago，JasonBox，ascientistfromOhio，flew31giantrollsofwhiteplastictoaglacier(冰川)inGreenland.Heandhisteamspreadthemacross10，000feetofice，andthenleft.Hisideawasthatthewhiteblanketwouldreflectbacktheraysofthesun，keepingtheicebelowcool.Whenhecamebacktochecktheresults，hefounditworked.Theexposedicehadmeltedfasterthanthecoveredice.Hehadnotonlysavedtwofeetoftheglacierinashorttime.Nocoalplantswereshutdown，nojobswerelost，andnobodywastaxedorfired.Itwasjustthesortoffixwe’relookingfor.“Thankyou，butnothankyou，”saidRalphKing，aclimatescientist.HetoldGreyChilds，authorandcommentator，that“peoplethinktechnologycansavetheplanet，butthereareotherthingsweneedtodealwith，likeconsumption.Theyburned$50，000justforthehelicoptertobringtheplastictotheglacier.”Thisexperimentgivespeoplefalsehopethatclimatechangecanbefixedwithoutchanginghumanbehaviour.Itcan’t.Technologywon’tgiveusafreeride.Individualsrespondtoclimatechangedifferently.ClimatologistKellySmithishardlyaloneinherpredictionthatsomedaysoonwewon’tbeclimatevictims—wewillbeclimatechoosers.Morescientistsagreewithherthatifthehumanracesurvives，theengineerswillgetsmarter，thetoolswillgetbetter，andonedaywewillcontroltheclimate.Butwhatthen？“Justthementionofuscontrollingtheclimatesentasmallshiverdownmyback，”Greywrites.“Somethingsoundedwrongaboutstoppingiceagesbyourownwill，”hesays.Me？Ilikeitbetterwhentheearthtakescareofitself.Iguessonedaywewillhavetoruntheplace，butforthemoment，sittingatmydesk，lookingoutatthetreesbendingwildlyandthewindhowling，I’mhappynottobeincharge.【語篇解讀】

本文是議論文。文章以一個(gè)付出巨大代價(jià)保護(hù)冰川的實(shí)例告訴人們，看起來氣候變化可以在不改變?nèi)祟愋袨榈那闆r下得到解決，但不同的人對(duì)此有不同的看法，比如有人認(rèn)為科技不能幫助人類在不改變自身行為的前提下修正氣候變化；有人對(duì)人類控制氣候的說法感到一絲恐懼等。5.WhydoestheauthormentionJasonBox’sexperimentinthefirstparagraph?A.Tointroduceapossiblesolutiontoclimatechange.B.Todescribeamisleadingattempttofixtheclimate.C.Toreportonasuccessfulexperimentonsavingtheglacier.D.Toarousepeople’sattentiontotheproblemofglobalwarming.解析

寫作意圖題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Thisexperiment...giveusafreeride”可知，作者認(rèn)為這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)會(huì)給人們一種錯(cuò)誤的希望，但其實(shí)氣候變化在不改變?nèi)祟愋袨榈那闆r下不能得到修正。由此可知，作者在第一段提到JasonBox的實(shí)驗(yàn)是為了描述一次具有誤導(dǎo)性的修正氣候的嘗試。√6.WhichstatementwouldRalphKingmostprobablyagreewith?A.Thefightagainstclimatechangewillnotsucceed.B.Technologyisnotthefinalsolution，letaloneitshighcost.C.It’sbesttodealwithclimatechangewithoutchangingourbehaviour.D.Jason’sexperimentplaysasignificantroleinfixingclimatechange.解析

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段RalphKing所說的話可推知，RalphKing認(rèn)為用科技解決氣候問題花費(fèi)高，且科技不是最終解決方案。√7.WhatisGreyChilds’attitudetohuman’scontrollingtheclimate?A.Favourable. B.Tolerant.C.Doubtful. D.Unclear.解析

觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Justthemention...back”“Somethingsounded...byourownwill”可知，GreyChilds認(rèn)為人類控制氣候聽起來就有點(diǎn)讓人害怕，故GreyChilds對(duì)此持懷疑態(tài)度。√8.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Butshouldwefixtheclimate?B.Isclimatechangearealproblem?C.Howcanwetakecareoftheearth?D.Whatifalltheglaciersdisappeared?解析

標(biāo)題歸納題。第一段作者介紹了JasonBox拯救冰川的實(shí)驗(yàn)；第二段作者認(rèn)為此次實(shí)驗(yàn)傳遞給人們錯(cuò)誤的希望，并認(rèn)為在不改變?nèi)祟愋袨榈那闆r下科技不能修正氣候變化；第三段作者介紹了不同人對(duì)人類控制氣候的看法；第四段作者認(rèn)為地球有自己的規(guī)律，我們應(yīng)順其自然。故本文可用A項(xiàng)(但是我們應(yīng)該修正氣候嗎？)作標(biāo)題。√(2024·湖南省郴州市二模)Asaflorist，Ispenthoursarrangingthedisplayforanevent.Butadaylater，itwasunwantedandthrownaway1.Iwantedtodosomethingwithit，believingmanyoftheflowersstillingoodconditioncouldbe2.ThinkingIcouldmakethemostofthesebeautiful3，Istartedtakinghomeasmanyaspossible，andgivingthemtohospitals，buttherewerestillmany4.Then，onedayIhadan5.Ibeganrepurposingsomeoftheminto6items.Apinkagapanthus(百子蓮)becameanecklace，whileIusedabanksia(山龍眼)asagiantheadpiece.Afriend，Lilywasattractive，withtheorangeflowersonher7，whichlookedlikeafamoushairstyle.Andsomeofmycreationswere8byanotherfriend.Ⅱ.完形填空Sharingthephotosonthesocialmediagotpeople9.Manywere10athowwastefulthefloralindustrycouldbe.Bythen，Ifoundmore11.Myartworksshowedmethatwereallycould12flowers.OnValentine’sDay，thereweresomany13rosesthatIwovethemtogetherintoagiantredsuit，whichLilyworewhilewalkingthroughthecity.Ithinkmyworkis14theideasaboutbeauty.Somethingthatpeoplemightthinkis15forthebincanreallyhaveawholeotherlifeinit.SoIhopepeoplecanthinkmoreaboutwhattheythrowout.【語篇解讀】

本文是記敘文。作者作為一名花商，利用被丟棄的鮮花制作成一些時(shí)尚物品，從而呼吁更多人關(guān)注被扔掉的東西。1.A.specially B.patiently C.intentionally D.carefully

解析

結(jié)合前文“itwasunwantedandthrownaway”可知,鮮花被故意丟掉了。intentionally故意地。2.A.refunded B.reused C.returned D.recommended

解析

結(jié)合前文“believingmanyoftheflowersstillingoodcondition”可知，許多花仍然很好，所以可以被重新利用。√√3.A.stages B.displays C.plants D.memories

解析

根據(jù)上文“believingmanyoftheflowersstillingoodcondition”可知，此處指作者想充分利用這些花，這里用plants指代上文的flowers。4.A.leftover B.takenover C.lookedover D.gotover

解析

結(jié)合上文“Asaflorist,Ispenthoursarrangingthedisplayforanevent.”及“Istartedtakinghomeasmanyaspossible，andgivingthemtohospitals，buttherewerestillmany”可知，布置一次展出會(huì)用到很多的花，所以此處指我盡可能多地把被扔掉的一些花帶回家，但仍有許多花被剩下。leaveover留下，剩下；takeover接管；lookover檢查；審查；getover克服。√√5.A.interview B.accident C.opportunity D.idea

解析

結(jié)合下文“Apinkagapanthus(百子蓮)becameanecklace，whileIusedabanksia(山龍眼)asagiantheadpiece.”可知，作者把帶回來的花做成了其他的東西，因此此處指作者有了一個(gè)想法。6.A.sales B.work C.study D.fashion

解析

結(jié)合下文“Apinkagapanthus(百子蓮)becameanecklace，whileIusedabanksia(山龍眼)asagiantheadpiece.”可知，項(xiàng)鏈和頭飾都是時(shí)尚物品。√√7.A.way B.head C.list D.back

解析

結(jié)合下文“whichlookedlikeafamoushairstyle”可知，莉莉頭上戴著橘色的花。8.A.created B.approved C.identified D.photographed

解析

結(jié)合下文“Sharingthephotosonthesocialmedia”可知，把照片發(fā)在網(wǎng)上，因而這里指我的一位朋友拍了我的作品的照片。√√9.A.performing B.talking C.competing D.succeeding

解析

結(jié)合下文“Manywere

athowwastefulthefloralindustrycouldbe.”可知，看到照片上的花，引發(fā)了人們的議論。10.A.alarmed B.relieved C.shocked D.embarrassed

解析

根據(jù)下文“howwastefulthefloralindustrycouldbe”可知，人們對(duì)于花卉的浪費(fèi)很是震驚。alarmed擔(dān)心；害怕；relieved放心的；感到寬慰的；embarrassed尷尬的。√√11.A.possibilities B.statistics C.standards D.examples

解析

結(jié)合下文“Iwovethemtogetherintoagiantredsuit，whichLilyworewhilewalkingthroughthecity”可知，此處指作者找到了把花做成其他物品的可能性。12.A.purchase B.wear C.choose D.generate

解析

結(jié)合下文“Iwovethemtogetherintoagiantredsuit，whichLilyworewhilewalkingthroughthecity”可知，作者把花編織成一件巨大的紅色套裝，莉莉穿著它在城里散步，因而此處指我們可以穿戴鮮花。√√13.A.unwanted B.indoor C.beautiful D.fake

解析

結(jié)合前文內(nèi)容可知，作者把被扔掉的狀態(tài)好的花卉做成其他的時(shí)尚裝飾品，所以此處指作者把無用的玫瑰做成了一個(gè)巨大的紅色套裝。14.A.comprising B.classifying C.changing D.collecting

解析

結(jié)合上文“Myartworksshowedmethatwereallycould

flowers.”及“Iwovethemtogetherintoagiantredsuit，whichLilyworewhilewalkingthroughthecity”可知，作者通過把花做成套裝，讓朋友穿在身上，因而此處指作者的做法正在改變?nèi)藗儗?duì)美的看法。√√15.A.convenient B.enough C.essential D.fit

解析

結(jié)合下文“forthebin”及“Ihopepeoplecanthinkmoreaboutwhattheythrowout.”可知，被扔掉的東西理應(yīng)在垃圾桶里。所以此處指適合在垃圾桶的東西。√(2024·山西省晉中市高三二模)TheGrandCanal，agreatman－madeprojectcompletedinancientChina，haswitnessedChinesehistoryspanningover2，500years.OnJune22，2014，it1.

(include)ontheWorldCulturalHeritageList.Overathousandyears，theGrandCanalhasbeenmeandering(蜿蜒而行)througheightprovincesandcitiesalong2.

(it)courseof3，200kilometersandconnectingfivemajorrivers，which3.

(be)thelongestandoldestcanalintheworld.Itisapreciousheritage4.

(pass)downtousbyourancestors.Ⅲ.語法填空Inmoderntimes，as5.

resultofsocialunrest，climatechange，economicchangeandotherimpacts，theGrandCanalhasbeentroubledbyaseriesofproblemssuchasriverchannelcutoff，water6.

(pollute)，andwaterecologicaldamage.ItwasoncetheChinesepeople’sdreamthattheGrandCanalcouldberestoredtothepastglory.7.

thebeginningofthenewera，manyplacesalongtheGrandCanalhavelaunchedecologicalrestorationprojects.Whilemaintainingtheoriginalformoftherivercourse，theyhavefocusedonscientificprotectionandculturalheritage，8.

(highlight)thecultural，historicalandecologicalvalueoftheGrandCanal.OnApril28，2022，theGrandCanalwasrefilledwithwaterforthefirsttimeinacentury，aftera14－daywater－supplyproject.With9.

(far)developmentoftheproject，theGrandCanalhasgraduallyrestoredthepastshippingcapacity.Boattours10.

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