2023年全國英語競賽《C類本科生》初賽試題及答案

［單選題］1.Thereare15incompletesentencesinthispart.Foreach

blanktherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethat

bestcompletesthesentence.Thenmarkthecorrespondingletteronthe

answersheetwithasingle1inethroughthecentre.Readingthelines,

IwouldsaythattheGovernmentaremoreworriedthantheywilladmit.

A.cilong

B.among

C.between

D.behind

正確答案：C

參考解析：句意：從言外之意來看，我想說政府比他們承認的更為擔心。read

betweenthelines是固定搭配，意為“找出或發覺字里行間的言外之意”。故

選C。

［單選題］2.Inthephenomenonofatomicfission,thenucleusis

twopiecesofappropriatelyequalmass.

A.combinedwith

B.coincidingwith

C.falleninto

D.splitinto

正確答案：D

參考解析：句意：在原子裂變現象中，原子核被分裂成質量相當的兩塊。split

into分成：將一個整體分成若干部分。combinewith與...結合：將兩個或多

個事物連接在一起。coincidewith與同時發生;與一致。fallinto

陷入：指進入某種狀態或情況。根據句意可知此處指的是原子核的分裂。故選

Do

［單選題］4.Whenconfrontedwithsuchquestions,mymindgoes,and

Icanhardlyremembermyowndateofbirth.

A.blank

B.dim

C.faint

D.vain

正確答案：A

參考解析：句意：當面對這樣的問題時，我的大腦一片空白，我幾乎不記得自

己的出生日期。blank空白的，空的；茫然的。dim暗淡的，昏暗的；模糊的。

faint模糊的，微弱的；微小的。vain虛榮的，自負的；徒勞的。根據句意可

知，此處指的是大腦一片空白。故選A。

［單選題］5.ItscharmandmildclimatehavemadeSanFrancisco,

California,cityforbothbusinessandresidences.

A.acrowded

B.anappealing

C.anappropriate

D.aprofitable

正確答案：B

參考解析-：句意：加利福尼亞州的舊金山迷人且溫和的氣候使其成為一個吸引

人的商業和住宅城市。appealing吸引人的，有感染力的。crowded擁擠的。

appropriate合適的,相稱的。profitable盈利的,有利可圖的;有益的。根

據句意可知此處指的是這座城市吸引人。故選B。

［單選題］6.Respectforthelawisthefoundationofcivilizedsociety,

breaksitwillbepunished.

A.Whoever

B.Who

C.Personwho

D.Nomatterwho

正確答案：A

參考解析：!意：尊重法律是文明社會的基礎。無論誰違反了它都會受到懲

罰。分析句子結構可知，此處為主語從句，從句中缺少主語、且指的是人，有

表示“無論”的意思，應該用連接代詞whoever,且在名詞性從句中不可替換成

nomatterwho。故選A。

［單選題］7.studentscanstudyinthe“hotmajors,becausethe

numberofthese“hotmajors"__quitelimited.

A.Afew;shouldbe

B.Notmany;are

C.Onlyafew;is

D.Quiteafew;hasbeen

正確答案：C

參考解析：句意：只有少數學生可以學習“熱門專業”，因為這些“熱門專

業”的數量非常有限。第二空主語為被thenumber修飾，應該用單數形式，排

除B項。shouldbe表示“應該”,不符合句意，排除A項。根據句意可知此處

描述的是客觀事實，應該用一般現在時，排除D項。故選C。

［單選題］8.receivingfinancialsupportfromfamily,communityor

thegovernmentisallowed,itisneveradmired.

A.As

B.Although

C.Lest

D.Once

正確答案：B

參考解析:句意：雖然我們被允許接受家庭、社區或政府的經濟支持，但這永

遠不會受到贊賞。根據句意可知，主從句之間存在轉折關系，此處應該為讓步

狀語從句。故選B。

［單選題］9.Thesportsmeet,originallyduetobeheldlastFriday,was

finallybecauseofthebadweather.

A.brokenout

B.calledoff

C.setoff

D.wornout

正確答案：B

參考解析：句意：原定于上星期五舉行的運動會由于天氣不好而取消了。call

off停止原計劃的進行，終止某個活動或事件。breakdown分解；崩潰；故

障。setoff出發，啟程；引發；激起。wearout磨損；使精疲力竭。根據句

意可知，此處表示的是活動取消。故選B。

［單選題］10.OnedayI___anewspaperarticleabouttheretirementof

anEnglishprofessoratanearbystatecollege.

A.cameacross

B.devotedto

C.putforward

D.setup

正確答案：A

參考解析：句意：一天，我在報紙上看到一篇關于附近一所州立大學一位英語

教授退休的文章。comeacross偶然遇見。devoteto致力于。putfcoward提

出建議、觀點或計劃。setup建立；安裝；布置。故選A。

［單選題］ILWhensnowontopofabuildingduringthewinter,the

sometimesweakenstheconstructionandoccasionallycausesthe

rooftocollapse.

A.scatters;height

B.melts;process

C.falls;intensity

D.accumulates;weight

正確答案:D

參考解析:高意：冬天，當積雪積聚在建筑物頂部時，其重量有時會削弱建筑

物，偶爾會導致屋頂倒塌。accumulate積累，積攢。scatter撒，播撒；

（使）散開。melt（使）熔化，融化；（逐漸）減少，消失。fall跌落，降

落。根據語境可知，此處指的是雪積累起來積少成多也會壓垮屋頂。故選D。

［單選題］12.Charleswasn'tappointedchairmanofthefoundation,

notverypopularwithallitsmembers.

A.beingconsidered

B.considering

C.havingconsidered

D.tobeconsidered

正確答案：A

參考解析-：句意：查爾斯由丁在所有成員中并不是特別受歡迎，沒有被選為基

金會的主席。分析句子結構可知，此處為非謂語動詞作狀語，其中非謂語動詞

consider與句子的主語之間為被動關系，B、C語態錯誤。D選項為將來時，而

根據句意可知這里表示的是現在的事實。故選A。

［單選題］13.peopleoftendesiredifferentgoalsandobjects,it

isunderstandablethatonepersonmayfindjoyinrepairingan

automobile,___anothermayfindjoyinsolvingamathproblem.

A.Although;so

B.For;if

C.Since;while

D.When;however

正確答案：C

參考解析：句意：人們往往渴望不同的目標和對象，這是可以理解的，一個人

可能會從修理汽車中找到樂趣，而另一個人可能會從解決數學問題中找到樂

趣。根據oneperson和another可知，此處是以兩個人為例進行對比，通常情

況下會用連詞while表示兩者間的對比，且根據句意可知，此處這兩個不同選

擇的例子是為了說明人們渴望的東西不一樣，前后屬于因果關系。故選C。

［單選題］14.一Don'tyouthinkathirty-minutelunchbreakistoo

short?

—Yeah?

—Ithinkthirtyminutesislongenoughforlunch.

A.NeitherdoI.

B.Youareabsolutelyright.

C.That'swhatFmtryingtosay.

D.Well,I'mnotsosureaboutit.

正確答案:D

參考解析:橫線前提問三十分鐘的時間吃午飯不短嗎？對話的后面對方回答覺

得三十分鐘的時間完全足夠了，說明他不贊同這個人的疑問，只有D項符合語

境。故選D。

［單選題］15.—Hey,youlookgreat.Haveyoubeenexercising?

一Yeah,everydayforthelastthreemonths.

一Well,itmustbesohardtoexerciseforsolong.

一Itis,butIwanttolookgood.Andyouknow.

A.practicemakesperfect

B.nopain,nogain

C.geniusbeginswithdiligence

D.timeflies

正確答案：B

參考解析：橫線前兩人在討論運動，根據兩人對話可知，雖然鍛煉很辛苦，但

是為了保持身體健康還是會堅持，B項“一分耕耘，一分收獲"最符合語境。A

項意為“熟能生巧”。C項意為“天才始于勤奮”。D項意為“時光飛逝”。故

選Bo

［問答題］1.SectionA(5marks)

TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoChinese.Writetheansweron

theanswersheet.

Chinesehistorianscoinedtheterm“SpringandAutumnPeriod”to

refertothefirsthalfoftheEasternZhouDynastyandtheterm

uWarringStatesPeriod“foritssecondhalfrespectively.Great

changestookplaceduringtheSpringandAutumnPeriodandproductive

forcesadvancedatanunprecedentedspeed.PeopleJsabilityto

understandandovercomenatureincreasedrapidlyandgreat

achievementsweremadeincultureandscience.TheSpringandAutumn

Periodwasatimeofgreatsocialtransformationwhichproducedgreat

thinkersandeducatorssuchasLaoziandConfuciusandmilitary

strategistssuchasSunWu.Theirtheorieshavehadaprofoundimpact

onlatergenerations.TheBookofSongs,whichwasmostlycompleted

duringtheWesternZhouDynastyandtheSpringandAutumnPeriod,is

knownforitsgreatinfluenceonChineseliterature.

正確答案：中國歷史學家創造了“春秋時期”和“戰國時期”兩個名稱分別

指代東周的前半時期和后半時期。在春秋時期，社會發生了巨大變革，生產力

得到前所未有的提高。人們理解、戰勝自然的能力快速發展，在文化和科學方

面取得了巨大的成就。春秋時期是一個社會急速轉變的時期，涌現出許多偉大

的思想家、教育家，如老子和孔子，還有軍事家，如孫武。他們的論述對后世

產生了深邃的影響。基本上在西周和春秋時期完成的《詩經》也因其對中國文

學的巨大影響而著稱。

參考解析：翻譯要點：①coin意為“創造新詞，首次使用”。此處注意區別名

詞詞義，這里作句子的謂語動詞。②第一句較長，and連接兩個并列句，主要解

釋了兩個名稱的含義，所以在翻譯時可以恰當合并，避免語言重復。③

pruduclive［orces意為"生產力”。④第三句翻譯時注意將被動語態轉換為主

動語態。⑤第四句中which引導定語從句修飾先行詞transformation,翻譯時

注意恰當轉化。⑥最后一句中，TheBookofSongs意為“《詩經》”，此句中

插入了非限制性定語從句，轉換為句子主語的定語。

［問答題］2.SectionB(10marks)

TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoEnglish.Writetheansweron

theanswersheet.

對年輕的創業者而言，要取得巨大成功，最重要也最難的，或許就是有個好創

意。時刻留意并及時識別絕妙的新想法是關鍵。另一方面，有些年輕人似乎更

多是依靠勤奮和堅持而非靈感獲得成功。對任何年齡的企業家而言，重要的是

要勇于冒險、相信自己、靈活變通、全力以赴。

正確答案：Possiblythemostimportantandhardestcomponentof

greatsuccessforyoungentrepreneursisagreatcreativeidea.

Keepinganeyeoutforandrecognizingabrilliantideaisthekey.

Ontheotherhand,someyoungpeopleseemtosucceedthroughhard

workandperseverancemorethaninspiration.Forentrepreneursofany

age,whatisimportantistobeboldtotakerisks,believein

themselves,beflexible,anddotheirbest.

參考解析：翻譯要點：①第一句在翻譯時需注意，首先主句在后半句，翻譯時

前半句作為狀語放在句尾更合適，另外，主語需要在翻譯的時候進行補充，

co叩onent意為“部分”，可以作為本句的主語。②第二句在翻譯時可以采用非

謂語動詞作主語，“留意”可譯為keepaneyeoutfor。③“勤奮”可譯為

perseveranceo④最后一句在翻譯時可以轉換為主語從句，不定式作表語，注

意后面的動詞并列，形式一致。

［問答題］3.TherearefiveIQTestquestionsinthispart.Writethe

answersontheanswersheet.

WhatdoestheunderlinedphrasemeaninChinese?

A:Icouldn,tbelievethathappened!

B:Iknow.Areyougoingtosaysomething?

A:No,I'mgoingtobitemytongue.

正確答案：保持沉默

參考解析：B問“你打算說些什么嗎？"，A回答“不"，說明他不打算說任何

話，所以這里表示的是“保持沉默”。

［問答題］4.Whatisthenextnumber?

4832512131072?

正確答案：8589934592

參考解析：解法一：觀察可以發現規律，每個數字與其半數相乘，得出后一位

數字，131072的半數為65536,131072X65536二8589934592。解法二：題目已

知數字可以看作22,23,25,29,217,再考慮數列2,3,5,9,17的規律，3=2

X2-1,5=3X2-1,9=5X2—1,17=9X2-1,即后一個數是前一個數的2倍

減1,因此下個數應該是17X2—1=33,即2”=8589934592。

［問答題］5.Atanygatheringwhere,morethantwopeoplearepresent,

therewillbeatleasttwopeoplewhohaveexactlythesamenumberof

friendspresent.Isthistrueorfalse?

正確答案：It'strue.

參考解析：本題問“在一個多于兩人的聚會中，至少有兩人在這群人中的朋友

數相同”正確與否。本題可采用反證法，如果結論錯誤，那么聚會中的每個人

的朋友數都不一樣，假設聚會人數為n,則朋友數為0,1,2,3,4,……,n

-lo但0和n-l不可能同時存在，因為如果出席者當中有人一個朋友也沒有

的同時不可能有人認識所有人。因此在按要求列出朋友數時必然有某個數字會

出現兩次。_

［問答題］6.Canyousolvetherebus（畫謎）v/ordproblemillustrated

below?

VEJUSTYOU

正確答案:Justbetweenyouandme.

參考解析：題中JUST一詞位于YOU和ME之間，因此為Justbetweenyouand

me,意為“不要外傳”。

［問答題］7.Whichpatternismadewhenthefirsttwopatternsareput

together?

正確答案：E

參考解析；題干問兩個圖形合在一起形成的是什么圖形。A項錯誤，第二張圖外

面的黑色圓圈與正方形里的三個黑色圓心在不同的頂點上。B項錯誤，第一張圖

中黑色圓心大小不一致。C項錯誤，第一張圖中橫線長度不一致。D項錯誤，第

二張圖黑色長方形大小不一致。E項正確，圖形為兩者順時針或者逆時針旋轉

180度后形成。故選E。

［問答題］8.SectionA(10marks)

Writea120-wordreportonthenewlyinstalledrenewableenergy

capacityinChina.Writethereportontheanswersheet.

正確答案：【參考范文】

Theabovechartshowsusthenewlyinstalledrenewableenergy

capacityduringJanuaryandSeptemberin2022.Italsotellsusthe

futuredevelopmenttrendofnewenergyinChina.

Amongallkindsofenergy,thenewlyinstalledrenewableenergy

accountsfornearly80percent.It'snotsurprisingtofindthat

solarenergyisthemainforceamongthesekindsofrenewableenergy,

accountsformorethan50percent,whilehydrogenenergyisequalto

windenergy.Itseemsthatpeoplearenotfamiliarwithbiomasspower,

whichaccountsforonly2.62mi1lionkiIowaIL.

Solarenergyhasbeenappliedinvariousareas,andwecanlearn

fromthechartthatotherrenewablecanalsobeauxiliarymeansin

future.

參考解析：題干要求寫一篇關于中國新安裝的可再生能源容量的報告。文章首

先點名調查報告的主題，接下來具體分析重要數據，新能源總體占比達到約

80%,其中太陽能占比最大，氫能與風能占比相當，而生物能目前使用最少。最

后進行總結。

［問答題］9.SectionB(20marks)

SomepeoplethinkTVcommercialsarehelpfulbecausetheysave

consumers'timebyprovidinginformationinaconvenientway.

However,someothersthinkthemajorityofadvertisingismisleading

andoftenconvincescustomerstopurchasewhattheydon,treally

need.

Doyoubelievethatadvertisingishelpfulorharmfultoconsumers?

6WRONG

Writea180-wordessaytoexpressyouropinions.Writetheessayon

theanswersheet.

正確答案：【參考范文】

Isadvertisinghelpfulorharmful?

TVcommercialsandotherkindsofadvertisementareallaround

ourlife,makingsomepeopleannoyedanddoubtwhetherweneedthem.

Whilesomepeoplemaycontendthatithasdetrimentaleffectaswell,

Iaminfavoroftheactiveaspectsofadvertising.

Myreasonsareasfollows.Firstandforemost,advertisementscan

offersomevideosorwordssothatwecanacquiremorecomprehensive

acknowledgeaboutthelatestproducts.Therefore,customerscanmake

theirshoppingexperiencemoreeconomicalandlesstime-consuming.

Moreover,elaborateadvertisementscanbeagenuineartform.Lastly,

someadvertisinginthemediacanmotivatepeopletocontributeto

charities.Inotherwords,Iwouldbehard-pressedtoimaginehow

chaiiLiescangelenoughfundswiIhouLLhehelpofnoii-proriLads.

Admittedly,advertisingmaycarrypotentialdrawbacks.Obviously,the

hugeprofitshavepromptedmanycompaniestopresentincorrect

informationabouttheirproducts.

Insummary,Iwouldconcedethattheproliferationofthe

advertisingindustryisnotwithoutitsadverseeffects.Overall,I

amconvincedthatweshouldfurtherpromotethedevelopmentof

advertisingandmeanwhilethegovernmentshouldintroducemeasuresto

regulatethisindustrymoreeffectively.

參考解析：題干要求就電視廣告對消費者究竟有用還是有害寫一篇文章。本文

開篇通過背景鋪墊點明主題，并說明支持廣告有益的態度。第二段闡述理由，

首先廣告能幫助我們對最新的產品有更全面的了解，精心制作的廣告可以是一

種真正的藝術形式，媒體上的一些廣告可以激勵人們為慈善事業捐款。同時指

出，廣告中也有一些不實信息。最后一段總結全文，支持廣告，但是也需要政

府等部門進行廣告監管。

共享題干題

SectionA(5marks)

Readthefollowingpassageandfillintheblankswiththecorrect

formsof5wordsorphrasesoutofthe7giveninthebox.Writethe

answersontheanswersheet,

risk;event;light;function;harm;heavy;because

州ABRANDY?Q

?HXVODKAHOoRILHKAd當

詈

M嗑

福

c.慌

暴d?

傕M

Beer,wine,andwhiskycontain

alcohol.Alcoholisadrugthats1owsdownthebody'scentral

nervoussystem.Whenapersondrinks,thealcoholmovesquicklyto

thestomachandsmallintestine.41.,thealcoholreachesthe

brain.Itaffectsthewaythebrainworks.Thecerebrumisthe

controlcenterofthebrain.Justasmallamountofalcoholaffects

coordinationandjudgment,andpeoplecan'treacttothingsas

quicklyastheycouldwithoutalcohol.

Theamountofalcoholinthebloodstreamiscalledtheblood

alcoholuonueiilialiou,orBAC.AsBACrises,theeffeeLsonthe

centralnervoussystemincrease.

Somepeoplewhodrinkabusealcohol.Thatcanleadtoaddiction.

Alcoholicsdependonalcohol.Somedoctorsthinkofalcoholismasa

diseasebecause,likeadisease,ithassymptomsandcauses42.

changesinbodyorgans.

Alcoholabusecandamagetheliningoftheesophagus.The

esophagusisthetubethatconnectsthethroatandthestomach.The

stomachandthesmallintestinecanbeaffected.43._drinkers

canalsodamagetheirkidneysandhearts.Manydrinkersdevelophigh

bloodpressureandheartdisease.Alcoholdamagesordestroysliver

cells.Scartissuereplaceshealthylivercellsandtheliverstops

44.,andthepersondies.

Drinkingalcoholandtakingotherdrugsatthesametimeiseven

45..Evenaspirincanchangethewayalcoholaffectsaperson.

Nevermixalcoholwithotherdrugs.Alwaysrememberthatalcoholisa

drug.Evenonedrinkcancausechangesinthebody—andinthemind.

［填空題］1.（）

正確答案：Eventually

參考解析：分析句子結構可知，后面為完整的句子，所以此處應該填入一個副

詞作狀語。又根據句意可知，此處表示的是酒精最終會到達大腦對我們的大腦

思考產生影響。故填入Eventually。

Readthefollowingpassageandfillintheblankswiththecorrect

formsof5wordsorphrasesoutofthe7giveninthebox.Writethe

answersontheanswersheet,

risk;event;light;function;harm;heavy;because

^>nfBKiABKJINDYOtf

3KVODKAHORILKAdZS

盤L?■0

0

隰

嗝

第f

瑞

70Beer,wine,andwhiskycontain

alcohol.Alcoholisadrugihalslowsdownthebody9scentral

nervoussystem.Whenapersondrinks,thealcoholmovesquicklyto

thestomachandsmallintestine.41.____,thealcoholreachesthe

brain.Itaffectsthewaythebrainworks.Thecerebrumisthe

controlcenterofthebrain.Justasmallamountofalcoholaffects

coordinationandjudgment,andpeoplecan5treacttothingsas

quicklyastheycouldwithoutalcohol.

Theamountofalcoholinthebloodstreamiscalledtheblood

alcoholconcentration,orBAC.AsBACrises,theeffectsonthe

centralnervoussystemincrease.

Somepeoplewhodrinkabusealcohol.Thatcanleadtoaddiction.

Alcoholicsdependonalcohol.Somedoctorsthinkofalcoholismasa

diseasebecause,likeadisease,ithassymptomsandcauses42.___

changesinbodyorgans.

Alcoholabusecandamagethe1iningoftheesophagus.The

esophagusisthetubethatconnectsthethroatandthestomach.The

stomachandthesmallintestinecanbeaffected.43.drinkers

canalsodamagetheirkidneysandhearts.Manydrinkersdevelophigh

bloodpressureandheartdisease.Alcoholdamagesordestroysliver

cells.Scartissuereplaceshealthylivercellsandtheliverstops

44.____,andthepersondies.

Drinkingalcoholandtakingotherdrugsatthesametimeiseven

45.____.Evenaspirincanchangethewayalcoholaffectsaperson.

Nevermixalcoholwithotherdrugs.Alwaysrememberthatalcoholisa

drug.Evenonedrinkcancausechangesinthebody一andinthemind.

［填空題］2.()

正確答案：harmful

參考解析：分析句子結構可知，橫線前為動詞，后面為名詞，所以此史為形容

詞修飾changes。而且根據句意可知，本段在討論酗酒是一種疾病，所以帶給人

的也是有害的變化。故填入harmful。

Readthefollowingpassageandfillintheblankswiththecorrect

formsof5wordsorphrasesoutofthe7giveninthebox.Writethe

answersontheanswersheet.

risk;event;light;function;harm;heavy;because

Beer,wine,andwhiskycontain

alcohol.Alcoholisadrugthatslowsdownthebody'scentral

nervoussystem.Whenapersondrinks,thealcoholmovesquicklyto

thestomachandsmallintestine.41.___,thealcoholreachesthe

brain.Itaffectsthewaythebrainworks.Thecerebrumisthe

controlcenterofthebrain.Justasmallamountofalcoholaffects

coordinationandjudgment,andpeoplecan'treacttothingsas

quicklyastheycouldwithoutalcohol.

Theamountofalcoholinthebloodstreamiscalledtheblood

alcoholconcentration,orBAC.AsBACrises,theeffectsonthe

centralnervoussystemincrease.

Somepeoplewhodrinkabusealcohol.Thatcanleadtoaddiction.

Alcoholicsdependonalcohol.Somedoctorsthinkofalcoholismasa

diseasebecause,likeadisease,ithassymptomsandcauses42.___

changesinbodyorgans.

Alcoholabusecandamagetheliningoftheesophagus.The

esophagusisthetubethatconnectsthethroatandthestomach.The

stomachandthesmallintestinecanbeaffected.43.drinkers

canalsodamagetheirkidneysandhearts.Manydrinkersdevelophigh

bloodpressureandheartdisease.Alcoholdamagesordestroysliver

cells.Scartissuereplaceshealthylivercellsandtheliverstops

44.,andthepersondies.

Drinkingalcoholandtakingotherdrugsatthesametimeiseven

45.____.Evenaspirincanchangethewayalcoholaffectsaperson.

Nevermixalcoholwithotherdrugs.Alwaysrememberthatalcoholisa

drug.Evenonedrinkcancausechangesinthebody—andinthemind.

［填空題］3.()

正確答案：Heavy

參考解析：分析句子結構可知，句子成分完整，空格在主語名詞前，所以此處

為形容詞修飾名詞drinkers。又根據上下文語境可知，本段在說明酗酒的危

害，所以這些人也是過度飲酒的人。故填入Heavy。

Readthefollowingpassageandfillintheblankswiththecorrect

formsof5wordsorphrasesoutofthe7giveninthebox.Writethe

answersontheanswersheet.

risk;event;light;function;harm;heavy;because

*ARAMSBRANDY?4

2XVODKAHORILKA42

K^SCHNAPPSKIRSCH2S

ABSINTHE

ARMAGNACMEZKAL匚

ofISAVIAKnUMouioF"Beer,wine,andwhiskycontain

alcohol.Alcoholisadrugthatslowsdownthebody'scentral

nervoussystem.Whenapersondrinks,thealcoholmovesquicklyto

thestomachandsmallintestine.41.,thealcoholreachesthe

brain.Itaffectsthewaythebrainworks.Thecerebrumisthe

controlcenterofthebrain.Justasmallamountofalcoholaffects

coordinationandjudgment,andpeoplecan'treacttothingsas

quicklyastheycouldwithoutalcohol.

Theamountofalcoholinthebloodstreamiscalledtheblood

alcoholconcentration,orBAC.AsBACrises,theeffectsonthe

centralnervoussystemincrease.

Somepeoplewhodrinkabusealcohol.Thatcanleadtoaddiction.

Alcoholicsdependonalcohol.Somedoctorsthinkofalcoholismasa

diseasebecause,likeadisease,ithassymptomsandcauses42.

changesinbodyorgans.

Alcoholabusecandamagetheliningoftheesophagus.The

esophagusisthetubethatconnectsthethroatandthestomach.The

stomachandthesmallintestinecanbeaffected.43.____drinkers

canalsodamagetheirkidneysandhearts.Manydrinkersdevelophigh

bloodpressureandheartdisease.Alcoholdamagesordestroysliver

cells.Scartissuereplaceshealthylivercellsandtheliverstops

44.,andthepersondies.

Drinkingalcoholandtakingotherdrugsatthesametimeiseven

45.____.Evenaspirincanchangethewayalcoholaffectsaperson.

Nevermixalcoholwithotherdrugs.Alwaysrememberthatalcoholisa

drug.Evenonedrinkcancausechangesinthebody——andinthemind.

［填空題］4.()

正確答案：functioning

參考解析：分析句子結構可知，空格前是動詞stop,所以此處應該填入現在分

詞。結合上下文語境可知，酒精會損害肝臟細胞，進而影響肝臟工作，最終致

死。故填入functioning.

Readthefollowingpassageandfillintheblankswiththecorrect

formsof5wordsorphrasesoutofthe7giveninthebox.Writethe

answeisonLheanswersheet.

risk;event;light;function;harm;heavy;because

i>RIBK■ABRANDY0W

IXVODKAHORILKAa^

^SCHNAPPSKIRSCHzS

ABSINTHE

'ARMAGNACMEZKAL!

oflIAVIAKnuiviUUIO■Beer,wine,andwhiskycontain

alcohol.Alcoholisadrugthatslowsdownthebody'scentral

nervoussystem.Whenapersondrinks,thealcoholmovesquicklyto

thestomachandsmallintestine.41.,thealcoholreachesthe

brain.Itaffectsthewaythebrainworks.Thecerebrumisthe

controlcenterofthebrain.Justasmallamountofalcoholaffects

coordinationandjudgment,andpeoplecan'treacttothingsas

quicklyastheycouldwithoutalcohol.

Theamountofalcoholinthebloodstreamiscalledtheblood

alcoholconcentration,orBAC.AsBACrises,theeffectsonthe

centralnervoussystemincrease.

Somepeoplewhodrinkabusealcohol.Thatcanleadtoaddiction.

Alcoholicsdependonalcohol.Somedoctorsthinkofalcoholismasa

diseasebecause,likeadisease,ithassymptomsandcauses42._

changesinbodyorgans.

Alcoholabusecandamagetheliningoftheesophagus.The

esophagusisthetubethatconnectsthethroatandthestomach.The

stomachandthesmallintestinecanbeaffected.43.drinkers

canalsodamagetheirkidneysandhearts.Manydrinkersdevelophigh

bloodpressureandheartdisease.Alcoholdamagesordestroysliver

cells.Scartissuereplaceshealthylivercellsandtheliverstops

44.____,andthepersondies.

Drinkingalcoholandtakingotherdrugsatthesametimeiseven

45..Evenaspirincanchangethewayalcoholaffectsaperson.

Nevermixalcoholwithotherdrugs.Alwaysrememberthatalcoholisa

drug.Evenonedrinkcancausechangesinthebody—andinthemind.

［填空題］5.()

正確答案:riskier

參考解析：分析句子結構可知，句子為主系表結構，橫線處應該填入形容詞作

表語。又因為橫線前有even修飾該形容詞，所以應該填入比較級形式，故填入

riskier。

【全文翻譯】

啤酒、葡萄酒和威士忌都含有酒精。酒精是一種減緩人體中樞神經系統的

藥物。當一個人喝酒時，酒精會迅速進入胃和小腸。最終，酒精到達大腦。它

會影響大腦的工作方式。端腦是大腦的控制中心。少量的酒精會影響協調性和

判斷力，人們就不能像沒喝酒時那樣做出快速反應。

血液中的酒精含量稱為血液酒精濃度，簡稱BAC。隨著BAC的升高，對中樞

神經系統的影響也會增加。

有些人酗酒。這會導致上癮。酗酒者依賴酒精。一些醫生認為酗酒是一種

疾病，因為它和其他疾病一樣，有癥狀，而且會導致身體器官的有害變化。

酗酒會損害食道內壁。食道是連接喉嚨和胃的管道。胃和小腸也會受到影

響。酗酒者還會損害腎臟和心臟。許多飲酒者會患上高血壓和心臟病。酒精損

害或破壞肝細胞。疤痕組織會取代健康的肝細胞，當肝臟停止了工作時，人就

死了。

飲酒的同時，如果服用其他藥物，風險更大。甚至阿司匹林也能改變酒精

對人的影響。切勿將酒精與其他藥物混用°永遠記住酒精是一種毒品.即使是

一杯酒也會引起身體和心靈的變化。

SectionB(5marks)

Readthefollowingpassageandfillineachblankwithonewordin

oneofthefollowingthreeways:accordingtothecontext,byusing

thecorrectformofthegivenword(s),orbyusingthegivenletter(s)

oftheword.Writetheanswersontheanswersheet.

Theworldwouldbeaverydifferentplaceiftheelevatorhadnot

beeninvented.Therewouldbefew,ifany,high-risebuildings

becausepeoplewould46.reftoclimballthestairs.Bythetime

employeesreachedtheirofficesonthetopfloors,itwouldbetime

togohome一iftheywerenottootiredforthelongwalkdown!

Inabout230B.C.,theGreekscientistArchimedesdevelopedthe

world'sfirstelevator.Itwasasimpleplatformthatcouldbe

pulledupanddownwitharope.Anelevatorlikethiswasusedmuch

laterbytwelfth-centurypriestswholivedonamountaintopat

MetereoinGreece.Becausetheywere47.___(fright)ofthieves,

thepriestshadnotbuiltanystairsupthemountain.Theonlywayup

wasbytheelevator,whichthepriestsoperatedfromthetopofthe

mountain.Intheeighteenthcentury,aFrenchmannamedVillayer

inventeda“flyingchair”,whichusedaropeandaplatform.

However,iIalsousedacounleiweighlinashaftlobalanceLhe

weightoftheelevator.Thiswasthefirstelevatorshaft.Anumber

ofrichpeoplehadtheseflyingchairsbuiltintheirhomes,

includingQueenAnneofEnglandatWindsorCastleandKingLouisXVI

ofFranceatVersailles.48.(fortunate),Louis'sdaughterwas

sobadlyhurtwhenusingoneofthesechairsthat,infearofbeing

punished,Villayerdisappeared.日Themain

problemforelevatordesignerswasthat49.___humansoranimals

hadtopulltheropes.Thiswasnotsolveduntilthediscoveryof

steampower.However,evensteam-poweredelevatorwerenotalways

safebecausetheystillusedropes,whichsometimesbroke.Then,in

1854,AmericaninventorElishaOtiscameupwithawayofpreventing

theelevatorfromfailingiftheropesbroke.Therehedesignedand

installedwhathecalledtheusafetyhoist,thefirstelevator50.

___(equip)withanautomaticsafetydevicetopreventitfrom

fallingiftheliftingchainorropebroke.In1857,hebuiltan

elevatorinalargeNewYorkdepartmentstore.Nowadayselevatorsuse

electricityandarecompletelysafe.

［填空題］6.()

正確答案：refuse

參考解析：分析句子結構可知，橫線前為情態動詞would,橫線后為介詞to,

所以此處應該為動詞原形。又根據語境可知，前后存在因果關系，如果沒有電

梯那么高樓大廈也會很少，因為人們不愿意爬高樓。故填入refuse。

Readthefollowingpassageandfillineachblankwithonewordin

oneofthefollowingthreeways:accordingtothecontext,byusing

thecorrectformofthegivenword(s),orbyusingthegivenletter(s)

oftheword.Writetheanswersontheanswersheet.

Theworldwouldbeaverydifferentplaceiftheelevatorhadnot

beeninvented.Therewouldbefew,ifany,high-risebuildings

becausepeoplewould46.ref____toclimballthestairs.Bythetime

employeesreachedIheirofficesontheLopflouis,iLwouldbelime

togohome-iftheywerenottootiredforthelongwalkdown!

Inabout230B.C.,theGreekscientistArchimedesdevelopedthe