高級中學名校試卷PAGEPAGE1河南省漯河市2024-2025學年高三上學期期末質量監測英語試題第一部分聽力（略）第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節，滿分50分）第一節（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。ASince2005,theBeverleyPuppet(木偶)Festivalhaswelcomedthousandsofaudiencememberstoexperiencetheuniqueandcolorfulworldofpuppetry.Thefestivalwelcomesover10,000visitorsayearandneedspeoplelikeyoutokeepfestivalgoersinhighspiritsandassistwiththisaward-winningevent.Whetheryou’relookingtogainworkexperience,seekingacreativeoutlet,orhopingtomeetnewfriends,BeverleyPuppetFestivaloffersallthisandmore.Weneedvolunteerstohelpwithwelcomingandmanagingaudiences,administration,marketingdistribution,venue(場地)management,artistliaison(聯絡)andtechnicalsupportaswellasgenerallyhelpingouttosuccessfullyholdthefestival.Howtoapply●CompleteouronlineformbyJune15,2025andwewillbeintouchonceapplicationshavebeenassessed.●Volunteersmustbeaged18oroverorbetween14and17ifaccompaniedbyaparent/guardianvolunteer.●Ifyouarebetween14and17yearsold,pleaseaskyouraccompanyingparent/guardiantocompletetheapplication.●Ifyourequireassistancecompletingtheonlineform,pleaseemail:operationsbevpuppetfest@.Whattoexpect●Acommitmenttowork8ormorehoursoverthefestivalweekend.Volunteersgenerallyworktwoshifts(輪班)ofabout4hourspershift.●Alightmealifworkingoverlunchordinnertime●Alocaltravelsubsidy(補貼)ofupto￡8perday●Afestivalpasstoperformances(dependingonshowavailability)●BeingpartofoneofEastYorkshire’smostamazingfestivalweekendsVolunteerroles●Stewards(IndoorandOutdoor)●BoxOfficeVolunteers●ArtistLiaisonVolunteers●TechnicalSupportVolunteers●GeneralSupportVolunteersFormoredetails,visitourwebsite:.1.Whatcanavolunteerdotohelpwiththefestival?A.Decideonthelistofartists.B.Distributepromotionalmaterials.C.Performonstageduringthefestival.D.Organizeafter-partyeventsfortheaudience.2.Howcanyouserveasavolunteerifyouare15yearsold?A.Byattendinganin-personinterview.B.Byaskingyourparenttogowithyou.C.Byapplyingwithafriendofyourage.D.Bysubmittingahand-writtenapplication.3.Whatcanavolunteergetonaworkingday?A.Apuppetsouvenir. B.Aheartysupper. C.Atravelallowance. D.Afreehotelstay.【答案】1.B2.B3.C【語篇導讀】本文是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹了BeverleyPuppetFestival這一活動，并詳細說明了招募志愿者的相關信息，包括志愿者的職責、申請方式、申請條件、預期的工作時間和待遇等。【1題詳析】細節理解題。根據文章第二段“Weneedvolunteerstohelpwithwelcomingandmanagingaudiences,administration,marketingdistribution,venue(場地)management,artistliaison(聯絡)andtechnicalsupportaswellasgenerallyhelpingouttosuccessfullyholdthefestival.(我們需要志愿者來幫忙迎接和管理觀眾、處理行政事務、進行營銷推廣、管理場地、與藝術家聯絡、提供技術支持，以及在總體上協助活動順利舉辦。)”可知，選項B“Distributepromotionalmaterials.(分發宣傳材料)”屬于營銷推廣的范疇，與文中提到的“marketingdistribution”相符。故選B。【2題詳析】細節理解題。根據文章Howtoapply部分中的“Volunteersmustbeaged18oroverorbetween14and17ifaccompaniedbyaparent/guardianvolunteer.(志愿者必須年滿18歲；如果年齡在14至17歲之間，則需有作為志愿者的家長/監護人陪同。)”以及“Ifyouarebetween14and17yearsold,pleaseaskyouraccompanyingparent/guardiantocompletetheapplication.(如果您年齡在14至17歲之間，請讓陪同您的家長/監護人填寫申請表格。)”可知，志愿者必須年滿18歲；如果年齡在14至17歲之間，則需有作為志愿者的家長/監護人陪同，且該年齡段的人需要讓陪同的家長/監護人填寫申請表格。故選B。【3題詳析】細節理解題。根據文章Whattoexpect部分中的“Alocaltravelsubsidy(補貼)ofupto￡8perday(每天最高8英鎊的當地交通補貼。)”可知，志愿者可以享受交通補貼。故選C。BPassengersofasuperyacht(豪華游艇)causedalargewildfireonthecharmingbeachofSaintNicholasontheGreekislandofHydrainthelatehoursofJune21.TheindividualswhowerenearthebeachofthebeautifulGreekislandwereseenbypeopleonlandthrowingfireworksfromtheirshipataround10:45pmlocaltime.Thisseeminglyinnocentandfunactivity,however,endedupsettingthesurroundingforestareaonfire.AccordingtoFireServiceauthoritiesfromtheisland,thefirebeganburninginaparticularlydifficult-to-accesslocationofHydrawithnoroadinfrastructure(基礎設施).Luckily,thecentreoftheincidentwasfarfromanyurbansettlementsandvillages.FirefightersapproachedthesiteusingCoastGuardshipsinanattempttoputoutthefirefromthesea.Manyvolunteerfirefightersalsojoinedtheefforttocontainthelargeflamesandpreventthemfromspreadingfurtherinland.ThiscouldhavehaddestructiveconsequencesforthebeautifulGreekislandofHydra.LateonJune22,theGreekFireServiceannouncedthatatotalofthirteenpeoplehadbeenarrested,accusedofcausingawildfireintheforestedareaontheislandofHydra.Theindividualsareexpectedtobeontrial.TheislandofHydrabelongsadministrativelytoPiraeus,aportcityintheregionofAtticatowhichAthensbelongs.Greekmediareportedthatallthosearrestedwerecrewmembersofthesuperyacht.Itisavailableforsummercharter(包租)at€249,000perweek,accordingtoseveralsuperyachtdealersonline.“Weareindignantthatsomepeoplesoirresponsiblythrowfireworksintoapineforest,”Hydra’smayor,GiorgosKoukoudakis,toldGreekbroadcasterERT.Therewasalsocriticismonsocialmedia,“Richpeoplewithmoremoneythanbrains,”wroteoneperson.4.Whywasitdifficultforthefirefighterstogetclosetothefire?A.Thefirewastoofierce.B.Thefirebrokeoutlateatnight.C.CoastGuardvesselsweren’tavailable.D.Theroadtothesitedidn’texistatall.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“indignant”probablymeaninthelastparagraph?A.Cross. B.Indifferent. C.Embarrassed. D.Impatient.6.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.PiraeusisaninlandcityinAttica.B.Passengersoftheyachtwereallarrested.C.Wealthypeoplearenotnecessarilysociallyresponsible.D.Throwingfireworksaroundisaninnocentandfunactivity.7.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Toinformanaccident. B.Tocallforactionstotake.C.Togivesomeadvicetofollow. D.Topersuadetobelievethetruth.【答案】4.D5.A6.C7.A【語篇導讀】本文是一篇新聞報道。文章主要報道了一起由豪華游艇上的乘客在希臘海德拉島圣尼古拉斯海灘上燃放煙花導致的大火事件，包括事件的起因、經過、后果以及相關的法律行動和社會反響。【4題詳析】細節理解題。根據文章第三段“AccordingtoFireServiceauthoritiesfromtheisland,thefirebeganburninginaparticularlydifficult-to-accesslocationofHydrawithnoroadinfrastructure(基礎設施).(據該島消防部門的官員稱，火勢始于Hydra島一處交通極為不便、沒有道路基礎設施的地方。)”可知，火災發生在Hydra一個特別難以到達的地方，那里根本沒有道路基礎設施，因此消防員難以接近火源。故選D。【5題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據劃線單詞下文“somepeoplesoirresponsiblythrowfireworksintoapineforest(有些人如此不負責任地往松樹林里扔煙花)”以及“Therewasalsocriticismonsocialmedia,“Richpeoplewithmoremoneythanbrains,”wroteoneperson.(社交媒體上也出現了批評之聲，一名網友寫道：“有錢人有很多錢，但沒什么腦子。”)”可推測，這類事情市長的態度是憤怒、生氣的。選項A“cross”，意為“憤怒的”，與此相符。故選A。【6題詳析】推理判斷題。根據文章最后一段““Weareindignantthatsomepeoplesoirresponsiblythrowfireworksintoapineforest,”Hydra’smayor,GiorgosKoukoudakis,toldGreekbroadcasterERT.Therewasalsocriticismonsocialmedia,“Richpeoplewithmoremoneythanbrains,”wroteoneperson.(“有些人如此不負責任地往松樹林里扔煙花，我們對此感到憤慨，”Hydra島市長GiorgosKoukoudakis對希臘廣播公司ERT表示。社交媒體上也出現了批評之聲，一名網友寫道：“有錢人有很多錢，但沒什么腦子。”)”可推測，市長對人們亂扔煙花行為的憤怒，暗示了有些人雖然富有但缺乏社會責任感。故選C。【7題詳析】推理判斷題。根據文章內容可知，文章開篇點明“Passengersofasuperyacht(豪華游艇)causedalargewildfireonthecharmingbeachofSaintNicholasontheGreekislandofHydrainthelatehoursofJune21(6月21日深夜，一艘豪華游艇上的乘客在希臘希德拉島迷人的圣尼古拉斯海灘引發了一場大規模野火。)”，接著詳細描述了野火發生的經過、消防員的滅火行動、人員被捕情況等信息。由此可知，文章主要是在向讀者傳達希臘Hydra島發生的這場由游艇乘客引發野火的事件，屬于告知讀者一則事故。故選A。CANorthwesternUniversity-ledteamofresearchershasdevelopedanewfuelcellthatharvestsenergyfrommicrobes(微生物)livingindirt.Aboutthesizeofastandardpaperbackbook,thesoil-poweredtechnologycouldfuelundergroundsensorsusedinmodernagricultureandgreeninfrastructure.Thiscouldpotentiallyofferasustainable,renewablealternativetobatteriesthatreleaseharmfulchemicalsintotheground.Totestthenewfuelcell,theresearchersusedittopowersensorsmeasuringsoilconditionanddetectingtouch,acapabilitythatcouldbevaluablefortrackingpassinganimals.Toenablewirelesscommunications,theresearchersalsoequippedthesoil-poweredsensorwithatinyantennatotransmit(傳輸)datatoaneighboringbasestationbyreflectingexistingradiofrequencysignals.Notonlydidthefuelcellworkinbothwetanddryconditions,butitspoweralsooutlastedsimilartechnologiesby120%.TheresearchwaspublishedonJan.12intheProceedingsoftheACMonInteractive,Mobile,WearableandUbiquitousTechnologies.“Thenumberofelectronicdevicesusedinmodernagricultureasawaytoimprovecropproductionsisconstantlygrowing,”saidNorthwestern’sBillYen,wholedthework.“Ifweimagineafuturewithnumerousdeviceslikethese,wecannotbuildeveryoneofthemoutoflithium(鋰)andheavymetalsthataredangeroustotheenvironment.Weneedtofindalternativesthatcanprovidelowamountsofenergytopowerawidespreadnetworkofdevices.”Inasearchforsolutions,theresearchersturnedtosoilmicrobialfuelcells(MFC),whichusespecialmicrobestobreakdownsoilandgeneratealowamountofenergytopowersensors.Aslongasthereisorganiccarboninthesoilforthemicrobestobreakdown,thefuelcellcanpotentiallylastforever.“Thesemicrobesarecommon;theyalreadyliveinsoileverywhere,”saidNorthwestern’sGeorgeWells,aseniorauthorofthestudy.“Wecanuseverysimpleengineeredsystemstocollecttheirelectricity.We’renotgoingtopowerentirecitieswiththisenergy,butwecancollecttinyamountsofenergytofuelpractical,low-powerapplications.”Theresearchersplantodevelopasoil-basedMFCmadefromfullybiodegradable(生物可降解的)materialsastheirnextstep.8.Whatcanweknowfromthenewfuelcell?A.Itwasnotlimitedbysoilconditions.B.Thepoweritproducedincreasedby20%.C.Itwasmadefromfullybiodegradablematerials.D.Itwillcompletelyreplaceconventionalbatteriessoon.9.WhatcanweinferfromBillYen’swordsinparagraph4?A.Electronicdevicesarewidelyusedinindustries.B.Itisessentialforourenvironmenttodevelopthenewfuelcell.C.Lithiumandheavymetalsaredangeroustotheenvironment.D.Currentelectronicdevicescan’tprovidelargeamountsofenergy.10.WhatisGeorgeWells’attitudetowardthefuelcell?A.Doubtful. B.Dismissive. C.Pessimistic. D.Approving.11.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.ConventionalBatteriesAreGivingWaytoNewFuelCell.B.MicrobesCanBreakDownSoilandGenerateEnergy.C.NewFuelCellHarvestsEnergyfromMicrobesinSoil.D.NewFuelCellFuelsUndergroundSensorsinAgriculture.【答案】8.A9.B10.D11.C【語篇導讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了由西北大學領導的研究團隊開發的一種新型燃料電池，該電池能夠從土壤中的微生物中獲取能量，用于為現代農業和綠色基礎設施中的地下傳感器提供動力。【8題詳析】細節理解題。根據文章第二段“Notonlydidthefuelcellworkinbothwetanddryconditions,butitspoweralsooutlastedsimilartechnologiesby120%.(這種燃料電池不僅在潮濕和干燥的環境中都能正常工作，而且其續航能力比同類技術高出120%。)”可知，這種燃料電池在潮濕和干燥的環境中都能正常工作，也就意味著它不受土壤條件的限制。故選A。【9題詳析】推理判斷題。根據文章第四段““Thenumberofelectronicdevicesusedinmodernagricultureasawaytoimprovecropproductionsisconstantlygrowing,”saidNorthwestern’sBillYen,wholedthework.“Ifweimagineafuturewithnumerousdeviceslikethese,wecannotbuildeveryoneofthemoutoflithium(鋰)andheavymetalsthataredangeroustotheenvironment.Weneedtofindalternativesthatcanprovidelowamountsofenergytopowerawidespreadnetworkofdevices.”(該研究的負責人、西北大學的BillYen表示：“現代農業中用于提高作物產量的電子設備數量在不斷增加。如果我們設想未來有大量這樣的設備，我們不可能都用鋰和對環境有害的重金屬來制造它們。我們需要找到能為廣泛分布的設備網絡提供少量電力的替代方案。”)”可知，從BillYen提到不能用對環境有害的鋰和重金屬制造電子設備，且需要尋找替代方案，可以推斷出開發這種新型燃料電池對環境來說是很有必要的。故選B。【10題詳析】推理判斷題。根據文章第六段““Thesemicrobesarecommon;theyalreadyliveinsoileverywhere,”saidNorthwestern’sGeorgeWells,aseniorauthorofthestudy.“Wecanuseverysimpleengineeredsystemstocollecttheirelectricity.We’renotgoingtopowerentirecitieswiththisenergy,butwecancollecttinyamountsofenergytofuelpractical,low-powerapplications.”(該研究的資深作者、西北大學的GeorgeWells說：“這些微生物很常見，它們本就存在于各地的土壤中。我們可以用非常簡單的工程系統來收集它們產生的電能。我們無法用這種能源為整個城市供電，但可以收集少量能量為實用的低功率應用設備供電。”)”可知，GeorgeWells肯定了利用土壤中微生物發電的方式以及這種燃料電池在低功率應用方面的實用性，表明他對這種燃料電池持贊成態度。故選D。【11題詳析】主旨大意題。根據文章第一段“ANorthwesternUniversity-ledteamofresearchershasdevelopedanewfuelcellthatharvestsenergyfrommicrobes(微生物)livingindirt.Aboutthesizeofastandardpaperbackbook,thesoil-poweredtechnologycouldfuelundergroundsensorsusedinmodernagricultureandgreeninfrastructure.Thiscouldpotentiallyofferasustainable,renewablealternativetobatteriesthatreleaseharmfulchemicalsintotheground.(由美國西北大學牽頭的一個研究團隊研發出一種新型燃料電池，它能從土壤中的微生物獲取能量。這種以土壤為動力的技術設備大小與一本標準平裝書相當，可為現代農業和綠色基礎設施中使用的地下傳感器供電。這有可能為那些會向土壤中釋放有害化學物質的電池提供一種可持續、可再生的替代方案。)”以及全文內容可知，文章圍繞這種新型燃料電池的功能、測試情況、研發背景等方面進行了介紹。選項C“NewFuelCellHarvestsEnergyfromMicrobesinSoil”準確概括了文章的主要內容，即，新型燃料電池從土壤中的微生物獲取能量。故選C。DWhodoyouholdinhigherregard:TimCook,theCEOofApple,whosaidhewakesupat4am.andisthelasttoleavetheoffice,orUKPrimeMinisterKeirStarmerwhosaidhewon’tworkpast6pmonFridays?TimemagazinereportedthattheanswerseemsobviousintheUSwherebusinessandalackofleisuretimehavebecomesymbolsofhighstatus.Historically,longworkhoursweren’tassociatedwithwealthorstatus.IntheRomanEmpire,therichdividedtheirdaybetweenbusinessandleisure,withbusinessonlyconductedinthemorning.Inhis1899bookTheTheoryoftheLeisureClass(《有閑階級論》),USeconomistThorsteinVeblenwrotethat“obviouslackoflaborbecomestheconventionalmarkofsuperiorachievement.”Inotherwords,thewealthieronewas,thelessoneworked.Today,however,realitycontradictsVeblen’stheory.ResearchersattheWashingtonCenterforEquitableGrowthfoundthatthosewhoworkmorethan40to45hoursaweekareusuallyin“highlypaidprofessionalpositions”,suchaslawyers,architectsandengineers.Butregardlessoftheprofession,acultureofoverworkthrivesintheUSaslonghourshavebecomeamarkerofcareersuccess.AsTimemagazinenoted,onereasonbehindthisdramaticshiftis“theriseofknowledge-intensiveeconomies”.Onthesupplyside,workersfocusheavilyoneducationandskilldevelopment,believingtheirknowledgeandskillsaremostvaluable.Onthedemandside,companiesandorganizationscompetetoattracttoptalent.Essentially,longworkhoursimplythatanindividualisinhighdemand.Risingeconomicinequalityandfinancialinsecurityarealsokeyfactors.Asthejobmarketgrowsmorecompetitive,eventhosenearthetopoftheincomeladderfeelfinanciallyinsecure.Studyshowsthattheprofessionswiththelargestincomegapsarealsotheoneswherepeoplearemostlikelytoworkmorethan40hoursaweek.Thisindicatesthathighlypaidprofessionalsaremorewillingtoacceptabusyschedulebecause,iftheydon’t,thereareplentyoflower-paidworkersreadytotaketheirjobs.Ina1930essay,BritisheconomistJohnMaynardKeynespredictedthattheUScould“lookforwardtoanageofleisureandabundancewithoutfear”.Thatvisionhasclearlynotmaterialized.AsAIboostsworkplaceproductivity,willweusetheextratimetoenjoyourlives,orwillwecontinuetooverloadourschedulesinpursuitofstatusandself-worth?12.WhatmarkshighstatusintheUSatpresent?A.Controllingworkhoursautonomously.B.Goingonextendedvacationsregularly.C.Havingawell-balancedwork-lifestyle.D.Workinglonghourswithlittlefreetime.13.WhydoestheauthormentionthebookTheTheoryoftheLeisureClass?A.Toindicatethedevelopmentofsociety.B.Toleadreaderstoreflectthesignificanceofwork.C.Toprovewealthislittlerelatedtolongworkhours.D.Topersuadepeopletochangetheiropinionofstatus.14.Whatisakeyreasonfortheshiftinhowworkhoursrelatetostatus?A.Thechangeofeconomicform.B.ThewidespreadavailabilityofAI.C.Thedeclineoftraditionalindustries.D.Therisingvalueofseizingmorewealth.15.Whatcanbeinferredabouthighlypaidprofessionals?A.Theyhardlyexperiencejobcompetition.B.Theyfeelpressuredtokeeptheirpositions.C.Theyaremoreinsecurethanothersinfinance.D.Theybelievesuccessmeanslongworkhours.【答案】12.D13.C14.A15.B【語篇導讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要分析了現代社會中對于工作時長和地位關系的看法變化，特別是對比了蘋果CEO蒂姆·庫克和英國首相基爾·斯塔默的不同工作態度和時間管理方式，并探討了這種變化背后的社會經濟原因。【12題詳析】細節理解題。根據文章第一段“TimemagazinereportedthattheanswerseemsobviousintheUSwherebusynessandalackofleisuretimehavebecomesymbolsofhighstatus.(據《時代》周刊報道，在美國，答案似乎顯而易見，因為忙碌和缺少休閑時間已成為高地位的象征)”可知，忙碌和缺少休閑時間已成為高地位的象征。故選D。【13題詳析】推理判斷題。根據文章第二段“Historically,longworkhoursweren’tassociatedwithwealthorstatus.IntheRomanEmpire,therichdividedtheirdaybetweenbusinessandleisure,withbusinessonlyconductedinthemorning.Inhis1899bookTheTheoryoftheLeisureClass(《有閑階級論》),USeconomistThorsteinVeblenwrotethat“obviouslackoflaborbecomestheconventionalmarkofsuperiorachievement.”Inotherwords,thewealthieronewas,thelessoneworked.(從歷史上看，長時間工作與財富或地位并無關聯。在羅馬帝國時期，富人會將一天的時間分配給工作和休閑，且工作只在上午進行。美國經濟學家托斯丹?凡勃倫在1899年出版的《有閑階級論》一書中寫道：“明顯不從事勞動成為了卓越成就的傳統標志。”換句話說，一個人越富有，工作就越少)”可知，作者通過引用《有閑階級論》中關于財富和工作時長關系的觀點，結合羅馬帝國時期富人的工作情況，證明了歷史上財富與長時間工作關系不大。故選C。【14題詳析】細節理解題。根據文章第三段“AsTimemagazinenoted,onereasonbehindthisdramaticshiftis“theriseofknowledge-intensiveeconomies”.Onthesupplyside,workersfocusheavilyoneducationandskilldevelopment,believingtheirknowledgeandskillsaremostvaluable.Onthedemandside,companiesandorganizationscompetetoattracttoptalent.Essentially,longworkhoursimplythatanindividualisinhighdemand.(正如《時代》周刊所指出的，這種巨大轉變背后的一個原因是“知識密集型經濟的興起”。從供給方面來看，勞動者非常注重教育和技能發展，認為自己的知識和技能最有價值。從需求方面來看，公司和組織競相吸引頂尖人才。從本質上講，長時間工作意味著這個人很搶手。”可知，“知識密集型經濟的興起”體現了經濟形式的變化，這是工作時長與地位關系轉變的關鍵原因。故選A。【15題詳析】推理判斷題。根據文章第四段“Asthejobmarketgrowsmorecompetitive,eventhosenearthetopoftheincomeladderfeelfinanciallyinsecure.Studyshowsthattheprofessionswiththelargestincomegapsarealsotheoneswherepeoplearemostlikelytoworkmorethan40hoursaweek.Thisindicatesthathighlypaidprofessionalsaremorewillingtoacceptabusyschedulebecause,iftheydon’t,thereareplentyoflower-paidworkersreadytotaketheirjobs.(隨著就業市場競爭愈發激烈，即使是收入階梯接近頂端的人也會感到財務上沒有保障。研究表明，收入差距最大的職業也是人們最有可能每周工作超過40小時的職業。這表明高薪專業人士更愿意接受忙碌的日程安排，因為如果他們不這樣做，有大量低薪工人隨時準備接替他們的工作)”可知，因為有大量低薪工人隨時準備接替他們的工作，所以高薪專業人士為了保住自己的職位會有壓力。故選B。第二節（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Likemanyothersports,tennisisaveryoldgame.HistoriansthinkthattheancientEgyptians,Greeks,andRomansplayedagamesimilartotennisthousandsofyearsago.Lawntennisusedtobeplayedonneatlymanicured(修剪)lawns.____16____Today,theonlymajortournamentplayedongrassistheAll-EnglandchampionshipsatWimbledon.Asweknow,atenniscourtisarectangulararea78feetlongand36feetwide.Ateachendoftheplayingareaisabaseline.____17____Theareabetweenthetwosidelinesiscalledthealley.Inthemiddleofthecourtisathree-foot-highnet.Oneachsideofthenetaretwoservicecourts.Otherthanacourt,allyouneedtoplaytennisarearacquet,sometennisballs,andoneorthreeotherpeople,dependingonwhichgameyouplay.____18____Whenfourpeopleplay,itiscalleddoubles.Theplayersrally,orhittheballbackandforthoverthenet.Theballcannotbouncemorethanoncebeforeaplayerhastohititbackoverthenet.Youscoreapointwhenyouropponenthitstheballoutsidethelinesorfailstoreturntheballoverthenetonthefirstbounce.Thefirstplayertoscorefourpointswinsagame.Afteryouhavewonsixgames,you’vewonaset.____19____Likeothersports,youneedtopracticeinordertobecomeagoodtennisplayer.____20____Whoknows,somedayyoumaybegoodenoughtoplayatWimbledon!A.Severalsetsmakeupamatch.B.Tennisisaboutservingandreturning.C.Themoreyoupractice,thebetteryou’llget.D.Whentwopeopleplay,thegameiscalledsingles.E.Butgrasscourtsaredifficultandexpensivetomaintain.F.Thelinesthatconnectthebaselinesarecalledsidelines.G.ThefirstLawnTennisChampionshipswereheldinEnglandin1877.【答案】16.E17.F18.D19.A20.C【語篇導讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了網球的歷史、場地規則、比賽規則以及成為優秀網球運動員需要的訓練。【16題詳析】根據上文“Lawntennisusedtobeplayedonneatlymanicured(修剪)lawns.(草地網球過去是在修剪整齊的草坪上進行的。)”和下文“Today,theonlymajortournamentplayedongrassistheAll-EnglandchampionshipsatWimbledon.(今天，唯一在草地上舉行的主要比賽是在溫布爾登舉行的全英錦標賽。)”可推知過去網球是在草坪上進行的，而現在不是了，設空處應說明這種變化的原因，E選項“但是草地球場維護起來既困難又昂貴。”符合題意，承上啟下。故選E。【17題詳析】根據上文“Ateachendoftheplayingareaisabaseline.(在比賽區域的兩端各有一條底線)”和下文“Theareabetweenthetwosidelinesiscalledthealley.(兩條邊線之間的區域稱為單打邊線外的狹長區域。)”可知這里應該是在介紹網球場地的不同線條，F選項“連接基線的線稱為邊線。”符合關于場地線條介紹的邏輯。故選F。【18題詳析】根據上文“Otherthanacourt,allyouneedtoplaytennisarearacquet,sometennisballs,andoneorthreeotherpeople,dependingonwhichgameyouplay.(除了球場，你打網球只需要一個球拍，一些網球，還有一到三個人，這取決于你打的是哪種比賽。)”和下文“Whenfourpeopleplay,itiscalleddoubles.(當四個人打，它被稱為雙打。)”可知設空處介紹的也應是幾個人比賽，D選項“當兩個人玩的時候，這個游戲叫做單打。”符合題意。故選D。【19題詳析】根據上文“Youscoreapointwhenyouropponenthitstheballoutsidethelinesorfailstoreturntheballoverthenetonthefirstbounce.Thefirstplayertoscorefourpointswinsagame.Afteryouhavewonsixgames,you’vewonaset.(當你的對手把球打到線外或在第一次反彈時沒有把球擊過網，你就得一分。第一個得四分的選手贏得比賽。贏了六局之后，你就贏了一盤。)”可知這里講的是比賽怎樣計分，推斷下文繼續說比賽的計分和賽制，A選項“一場比賽有幾局。”符合題意。故選A。【20題詳析】根據上文“Likeothersports,youneedtopracticeinordertobecomeagoodtennisplayer.(像其他運動一樣，你需要練習才能成為一名優秀的網球運動員。)”說明網球練習很重要，C選項“你練習得越多，你就會學得越好。”進一步強調練習的重要性，符合題意。故選C。第三部分語言知識運用（共兩節，滿分30分）第一節（共15小題，每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Iheardsomegoodnewsrecently.My91-year-oldgrandfathercalledmeto____21____hisnewhearingaid.Forthefirsttimeinalongtime,hecouldhearmyvoice.It____22____usboth.Isoonfoundouttherewasanotherreasonmygrandparentsweresohappy—theirnewaudiologist(聽覺病矯治專家),Anna.Unlikethe____23____providersthey’dbeendealingwith,Annagavetimeandattention.Annanotonly____24____thenewhearingaidworkedasitshould,butalsoofferedtogotomygrandparents’apartmenttoshowthemhowtouseit.Such____25____mightsoundrare,butI’vesincestartedwondering:Whatifit’smorecommonthanwethink?Itstartedwithsomeresearchthatshowedpeopleoftenunderestimate(低估)the___26___ofstrangerstoengagewith,orevenbefriendthem.ThenIcameacrossastudythat____27____newscoverageofcurrentaffairstendstobemorenegativethanpositivebecausehumanstendtogivenegativeeventsmoreattention.____28____storiescanattractourattentionandprepareusfordisappointment.Butifwedon’tengagewithpositiveones,theymightleadustobemorecriticaloftheworld,moredefensiveandless____29____thanweneedtobe.SoIthinksometimeswhatwehear,see,orevenknowmightnotbethewholepicture.Thetruthmightbe_____30_____fromus,requiringustonoticeanddiscoverit.Wecouldstartbyaskingourselveswhetherweare_____31_____moreonnegativeorpositivestoriesandwhetherwearelettingnegativenewssurroundus.Maybeevenpayingmoreattentiontogoodnewsor_____32_____sharinggoodnewswillhelp.Anna’sattitudewasremarkable.She_____33_____thecallofdutyand,uponleaving,_____34_____toacceptanythingbutwordsasthanks.Whynot_____35_____ourselvesthat,forallofthebadthat’sintheworldandinthenews,behindthescenes,inpeople’sordinarylives,lieuntoldstoriesofextraordinarygood?21.A.test B.repair C.admire D.purchase22.A.frightened B.shocked C.thrilled D.annoyed23.A.familiar B.enthusiastic C.similar D.previous24.A.made B.ensured C.expected D.proposed25.A.kindness B.generosity C.bravery D.intelligence26.A.refusal B.willingness C.impression D.confusion27.A.recognized B.protested C.guaranteed D.suggested28.A.Positive B.Active C.Negative D.Controversial29.A.hopeful B.aggressive C.violent D.doubtful30.A.recycled B.hidden C.revealed D.adapted31.A.calling B.influencing C.focusing D.waiting32.A.puttingupwith B.makingupfor C.comingupwith D.makingapointof33.A.wentbeyond B.gaveup C.wentthrough D.gaveaway34.A.embraced B.resisted C.agreed D.refused35.A.challenge B.inform C.remind D.advise【答案】21.A22.C23.D24.B25.A26.B27.D28.C29.A30.B31.C32.D33.A34.D35.C【語篇導讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章通過講述作者91歲的祖父測試新助聽器并與新聽覺病矯治專家Anna的交往經歷，引發了對人們如何看待和接收新聞信息的思考。【21題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我91歲的祖父打電話給我，想試試他新配的助聽器。A.test測試；B.repair修理；C.admire欽佩；D.purchase購買。根據下文“Forthefirsttimeinalongtime,hecouldhearmyvoice.”可推測，91歲的祖父打電話是為了測試新配的助聽器。故選A。【22題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：許久以來，他第一次能清楚地聽到我的聲音，這讓我們倆都激動不已。A.frightened使害怕；B.shocked使震驚；C.thrilled使興奮；D.annoyed使惱怒。根據上文“Forthefirsttimeinalongtime,hecouldhearmyvoice.”可推測，祖父已經很久沒有聽到作者的聲音了。這是讓兩個人都感到興奮激動的事情。故選C。【23題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：與他們之前接觸過的醫護人員不同，Anna愿意花時間，用心對待他們。A.familiar熟悉的；B.enthusiastic熱情的；C.similar相似的；D.previous以前的。根據上文“theirnewaudiologist(聽覺病矯治專家),Anna.”以及空前的“unlike”可知，Anna和以前的醫護人員不一樣。故選D。【24題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她不僅確保新的助聽器能正常使用，還主動提出到祖父母的公寓，教他們如何操作。A.made制作；B.ensured確保；C.expected期待；D.proposed提議。根據上文“Isoonfoundouttherewasanotherreasonmygrandparentsweresohappy—theirnewaudiologist(聽覺病矯治專家),Anna.”可知，Anna是個聽覺病矯正專家。由此可知，她需要確保新的助聽器能正常使用。故選B。【25題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這樣的善舉或許聽起來十分罕見，但從那以后我開始思索：會不會這種善良比我們想象的更為普遍呢？A.kindness善良；B.generosity慷慨；C.bravery勇敢；D.intelligence智力。根據上文“Annanotonly_______thenewhearingaidworkedasitshould,butalsoofferedtogotomygrandparents’apartmenttoshowthemhowtouseit.”可知，Anna主動去祖父母公寓教他們使用助聽器，這體現了她的善良。故選A。【26題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：起初，一些研究表明，人們常常低估陌生人與自己交往甚至成為朋友的意愿。A.refusal拒絕；B.willingness意愿；C.impression印象；D.confusion困惑。根據上文“Such_______mightsoundrare,butI’vesincestartedwondering:Whatifit’smorecommonthanwethink?”可知，Anna的做法讓作者陷入沉思；由此可推測，作者認為我們其實是想和別人交往的。但是，我們低估了這種意愿。故選B。【27題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：后來我又看到一項研究指出，新聞媒體對時事的報道往往負面多于正面，因為人類更容易關注負面事件。A.recognized認出；B.protested抗議；C.guaranteed保證；D.suggested建議、表明。根據空后“newscoverageofcurrentaffairstendstobemorenegativethanpositivebecausehumanstendtogivenegativeeventsmoreattention.”可知，下文是研究表明的結果。故選D。【28題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：負面新聞能夠吸引我們的注意力，讓我們對失望有所準備。A.Positive積極的；B.Active主動的；C.Negative消極的；D.Controversial有爭議的。根據上文“humanstendtogivenegativeeventsmoreattention”及下文“prepareusfordisappointment”可推測，人類更容易關注負面事件，空處指的是負面的新聞能夠吸引我們的注意力。故選C。【29題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但如果我們不關注正面新聞，可能